Formation of Compounds

• Some atoms tend to lose electrons • Some atoms tend to gain

to become more stable. electrons to become more stable.

What happens if we throw them together?

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Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

1) Sodium + Chlorine
Throw them together:
Na Cl
Na Cl
+ -
Na Cl
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

1) Sodium + Chlorine
Throw them together:
Na Cl
Na Cl
+ -
Na Cl
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

1) Sodium + Chlorine → Sodium chloride

Na Cl
Na Cl
+ -
Na Cl

Ion charges balance – Compound is neutral

Combining Atoms to make Compounds:
But I want
2) Lithium + Oxygen 2 electrons

Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li O
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

2) Lithium + Oxygen Much better!

Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li
Li O
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

2) Lithium + Oxygen

Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li
Li O
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

2) Lithium + Oxygen → Lithium oxide

Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li
Li O
2

Ion charges balance – Compound is neutral

Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

3) Aluminium + Fluorine I’d like to lose

I’ll only take
3 electrons
1 electron

Al F F
Al
3+ - F I’ll take 1
Al F
F
Me too
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

3) Aluminium + Fluorine

Al F F
Al
3+ - F
Al F
F
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

3) Aluminium + Fluorine → Aluminium Fluoride

Al F F
Al
3+ - F
Al F
F
3
 How the periodic table was really made

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