1

EQUATIONS USED IN HYSYS

Update 98/02/03 with v1.2.7 (build 1596b)

A. Simard / Dain Stone

If the compressor (icon) is selected, the compressor equations are used. If the expander (icon) is
selected, the expander equations are used.

GLOSSARY

Ideal : Isentropic (100% Efficiency)

Actual : Given efficiency
H : Mass Enthalpy
Out : Product Stream (discharge)
In : Feed Stream (suction)
P : Pressure
MW : Molecular Weight
Z : Compressibility Factor
 : Mass Density
f : Polytropic Head Factor
n : Polytropic Exponent
k : Isentropic Exponent

COMPRESSOR – Efficiencies

The Adiabatic and Polytropic Efficiencies are included in the compressor calculations. An
isentropic flash (Pin and Entropyin) is performed internally to obtain the ideal (isentropic)
properties.

(1)
Work Required ( ideal) ( H out −H in )ideal
AdiabaticEff = =
Work Re quired( actual ) ( H out −H in ) actual

(2)

[( ] [(
n−1
Pout ( )−1 ×
Pin ) n n
( n−1)
×) ( )]
k−1
k
PolytropicEff = × AdiabaticEff

[( P out k−1
Pin
( )−1
)k
]
 2

(3) and (4)

Pout P out

n=
log
( Pin ) k=
log
( Pin )
ρ out , actual ρ out , ideal
log
( ρ in ) log
( ρin )
COMPRESSOR – Heads

The Adiabatic and Polytropic Heads are performed after the compressor calculations are
completed, only when the “Results” page of the compressor is selected. The Work Required
(actual) is the compressor energy stream (heat flow).

(5)

AdiabaticHead= [ Work Re quired (actual )

MassFlowRate ] ×AdiabaticEff ×
1
( g/ gc )

The Polytropic Head is now calculated based on the ASME method (“The Polytropic Analysis of
Centrifugal Compressors”, Journal of Engineering for Power, J.M. Schultz, January 1962, p. 69-
82).

(6)

( ) [( ) ( )]
n P out Pin 1
PolytropicHead=f × × − ×
n−1 ρ out , actual ρin ( g/ gc )
(7)
H out , ideal −H in
f=

)×[( ρ ) ( )]
k Pout P in
( k−1 out ,ideal
−
ρin

(3) and (4)

Pout P out

n=
log
( Pin ) k=
log
( Pin )
ρ out , actual ρ out , ideal
log
( ρ in ) log
( ρin )
EXPANDER - Efficiencies
 3

The Adiabatic and Polytropic Efficiencies are parts of the expander calculations. An isentropic
flash (Pin and Entropyin) is performed to obtain the ideal (isentropic) properties. The flash is done
internally on the expander fluid, and the results are not stored.

(8)
Work Pr oduced( actual ) ( H out −H in ) actual
AdiabaticEff = =
Work Produced ( ideal) ( H out −H in )ideal

(9)

PolytropicEff =
[( P out k−1
Pin
( )−1
)
k
] × AdiabaticEff

[( ] [(
n−1
( )−1 ×
) ( )]
Pout
Pin ) n n
( n−1)
×
k−1
k

(3) and (4)

Pout P out

n=
log
( Pin ) k=
log
( Pin )
ρ out , actual ρ out , ideal
log
( ρ in ) log
( ρin )
EXPANDER - Heads

The Adiabatic and Polytropic Heads are performed after the expander calculations are
completed, only when the “Results” page of the expander is selected. The Work Produced
(actual) is the expander energy stream (heat flow).

(10)

AdiabaticHead= [ Work Pr oduced (actual )

MassFlowRate ] ×
1
×
1
AdiabaticEff ( g /g c )

(11)

)×[( ρ ) ( )]
n Pout Pin 1
PolytropicHead=−f × ( n−1 out , actual
−
ρin
×
( g/ gc )
 4

(7)
H out , ideal −H in
f=

( ) [( ) ( )]
k Pout P
× − in
k−1 ρout ,ideal ρin

(3) and (4)

Pout P out

n=
log
( Pin ) k=
log
( Pin )
ρ out , actual ρ out , ideal
log
( ρ in ) log
( ρin )
APPLICATION IN SI UNITS

H : Mass Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

P : Pressure (kPa)
 : Mass Density (kg/m3)

Equation (5):

AdiabaticHead ( m )= [ Work Re quired ( actual)

MassFlowRate ] × AdiabaticEff ×1000 ( N⋅m kJ )× 9 . 80661 N
( kg)
Equation (6):

N
PolytropicHead ( m )=f × ( n
n−1
× ) [( ρ
P out
out ,actual
) ( )]
−
Pin
ρin
×1000
m2
kPa
( )
×
9 . 8066
1

( N kg)
Equation (7):

f=
( H out , ideal− H in ) ×1000 ( N⋅m kJ )
N

) [( ρ )] ( )
Pout P in m2
( k
k− 1
×
out ,ideal
)(
−
ρ in
×1000
kPa

Equation (10):

AdiabaticHead ( m)= [ Work Pr oduced ( actual)

MassFlowRate ] ×
1
AdiabaticEff
×1000
N⋅m
kJ(× ) 9. 8066
1

( N kg)
 5

Equation (11):

N
PolytropicHead ( m )=−f ×
n
n−1
×
P out
( ) [(
ρ out , actual
−
Pin
ρin
×1000
m2
kPa ) ( )]
× ( ) 9 .8066
1

( N kg )

APPLICATION IN FIELD UNITS

H : Mass Enthalpy (Btu/lb)

P : Pressure (psia = lbf/in2)
 : Mass Density (lb/ft3)

Equation (5):

AdiabaticHead ( ft )= [ Work Re quired( actual )

MassFlowRate ] ×AdiabaticEff ×778 .1692 ( ft⋅lb Btu)× 1 lb1
f

( lb) f

Equation (6):

( ) [( ) ( )]
2
n P out P 12in 1
PolytropicHead ( ft )=f ×
n−1
×
ρ out , actual
− in ×
ρin ft
×( ) lb f
1 ( lb )
Equation (7):

f=
( H out , ideal −H in )×778 . 1692 ( ft⋅lb Btu)
f

) [( ) ( )] (
Pout P 2
k 12 in
( k−1
×
ρout ,ideal
− in ×
ρin ft )
Equation (10):

AdiabaticHead (ft )= [ Work Pr oduced( actual )

MassFlowRate ] ×
1
AdiabaticEff
×778 .1692
ft⋅lb f
( Btu
× ) 1
lb f
1 ( lb)
Equation (11):
 6

( ) [( ) ( )] (
2
n Pout P in 12 in 1
PolytropicHead ( ft )=−f ×
n−1
×
ρout , actual
−
ρin
× )
ft
×
lb f
1 ( lb)