MAHENDRA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Autonomous)
Mahendhirapuri, Mallasamudram, Namakkal Dt -637 503.

Third Semester / Regulation 2013

MECH Engineering Thermodynamics QB
Unit – II (Second law of Thermodynamics)
PART A (One Marks)
1. Second laws of thermodynamics define ______ flow direction.
2. Irreversible process is sometimes called as ________ process.
3. Irreversibility occurs due to _______ expansion process.
4. In refrigerator, the ratio of heat extracted to work input is _______.
5. Entropy is an index of _____ of energy.
6. Second Law of Thermodynamics Defines
a) Work b) Internal Energy c) Entropy d) Enthalpy
7. Heat pump is used to maintain the system in _____ temp.
a. High temp b. Low temp c.Both a and b d. None of the above
8. A system undergoes a cyclic process, the ∑dQ/T around a closed cycle is
a. =0 b. <0 c. both a and b d. >0
9. For reversible adiabatic process change in entropy is _________
a.1 b. 0 c. <1 d. >1
10. Irreversibility is the difference between
a. Work to heat b. Heat to work c. Maximum work to actual work d. None of the above
11. An engine does 15.0 kJ of work while exhausting 37.0 kJ to a cold reservoir. What is the
efficiency of the engine?
(a) 0.150 (b) 0.288 (c) 0.333 (d) 0.450
12. A refrigerator has 18.0 kJ of work done on it,while 115 kJ of energy is transferred from inside
its interior. What is its coefficient of performance?
(a) 3.40 (b) 2.80 (c) 8.90 (d) 6.40
13. One of the following, which is not a statement of the second law of thermodynamics?
(a) No heat engine operating in a cycle can absorb energy from a reservoir and use it entirely to
do work.
(b) No real engine operating between two energy reservoirs can be more efficient than a Carnot
engine operating between the same two reservoirs.
(c) When a system undergoes a change in state, the change in the internal energy of the system is
the sum of the energy transferred to the system by heat and the work done on the system.
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(d) The entropy of the Universe increases in all natural processes.
14. The second law of thermodynamics implies that the coefficient of performance of a
refrigerator must be______.
(a) <1 (b) less than or equal to 1 (c) >1 (d) Zero
15. Which of the following thermodynamic quantities is an outcome of the second law of
thermodynamics?
(A) enthalpy (B) internal energy (C) work (D) entropy
16. Kelvin-Planck’s law deals with
a. conservation of heat b. conservation of work c. conversion of heat into work
d. conversion of work into heat
17. Carnot cycle consists of
a) two constant volume and two adiabatic processes.
b) two isothermal and two adiabatic processes.
c) two constant pressure and two adiabatic processes.
d) one constant volume, one constant pressure and two adiabatic processes.
18. The efficiency of the carnot cycle is
a] (T1/T2) – 1 b] 1 - (T1/T2) c] 1 - (T2/T1) d] 1 + (T1/T2)
Where T1 and T2 = Highest and lowest temperature during the cycle.
19. Carnot cycle has maximum efficiency for
a) irreversible engine. b) diesel engine c) new engine d) reversible engine
20. When a gas is heated, changes takes place in
a) pressure b) volume c) temperature d) all of the above
21-25 Match the following
Refrigerator Kelvin-plank statement
Heat pump Clausius statement
Heat engine Heat flow direction
Second law of thermodynamics lack of equilibrium
Irreversibility Temperature higher to surroundings
26. Carnot cycle also called as constant temperature cycle. True / False.
27. Reversed Carnot cycle consists of two isothermal and two isentropic processes. True / False.
28. No heat engine is operating by Carnot cycle. True / False.
29. When the gas is cooled at constant pressure, both temperature and volume decreases. True /
False.
30. When a gas is heated at constant volume, neither temperature nor pressure will increase. True /
False.

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 PART B (2 Marks)
1. State the Kelvin – Planck statement of second law of thermodynamics.
2. State Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics.
3. State Carnot’s theorem.
4. What are the corollaries of Carnot theorem.
5. Define – PMM of second kind.
6. What is difference between a heat pump and refrigerator?
7. Define the term COP.
8. What are the processes involved in Carnot cycle?
9. When the Carnot cycle efficiency will be maximum?
10. Name two alternative methods by which the efficiency of a carnot cycle can be increased.
11. Why Carnot cycle cannot be realized in practice?
12. Define entropy.
13. What is meant by principle of increase of entropy?
14. What do you mean by “Calusius inequality”?
15. What are the causes of irreversibility of a process?

PART C (12 Marks)

1. Derive Clausius inequality and mention the criteria of it’s reversibility of a cycle.

2. A reversible heat engine operates between two reservoirs at 820 0C and 270C. Engine drives a
reversible refrigerator which operates between reservoirs at temperatures of 270C and -150C. The
heat transfer to the engine is 2000kJ and net work available for the combined cycle is 300kJ. (i)
How much heat is transferred to the refrigerant and also determine the total heat rejection to the
reservoir at 270C (ii) If the efficiency of the heat engine and COP of the refrigerator are each
40% of their maximum values, determine heat transfer to the refrigerator and also heat rejected
to the reservoir at 270C.

3. A Heat pump working on the Carnot cycle takes in heat from a reservoir at 5°C and delivers
heat to a reservoir at 60°C. The heat pump is driven by a reversible heat engine which takes heat
from reservoir at 840°C and rejects heat to a reservoir at 60°C. The reversible heat engine also
drives a machine that absorbs 30 kW. If the heat pump extracts 17 kJ/s from the reservoir at 5°C,
determine

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(1) The rate of heat supply from 840°C source, and
(2) The rate of heat rejection to 60°C sink.

4. One kg of ice at -50C is exposed to the atmosphere which is at 20 0C . The ice melts and comes
into thermal equilibrium with the atmosphere. (a) Determine the entropy increase of the universe.
(b) What is the minimum amount of work necessary to convert the water back into ice at -5 0C?
Cp of ice is 2.093 kJ/kgK and the latent heat of fusion of ice is 333.3 kJ/kg.

5. Derive the expression for any two applications of entropy principle.

6. Three identical finite bodies of constant heat capacity are at temperatures 300K, 100K and 300K. If no
work or heat is supplied from outside, what is the highest temperature to which any one of the bodies can
be raised by the operation of heat engines or refrigerators?

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7. A fluid undergoes a reversible adiabatic compression from 0.5 MPa, 0.2 m to 0.05 m3 according to
the law pv1.3 = constant. Determine the change in enthalpy, internal energy and entropy, the heat
transfer and work transfer during the process.

Prepared by HOD/MECH DEAN/SMS

Mr.L.Periyannan AP/MECH
Mr.K.Venkatesh AP/MECH
Mr. K.P.Srinivasaperumal AP/MECH