Outline

• Puberty
• Sex education
• Characteristics of a good sex education
• Current situation in Turkey
• What is to be done by school / family /
counseling
 What is puberty?
• “Puberty” is the time where childhood
ends in which the body becomes
capable of reproduction.

• Hormones are released by the brain to

start puberty. (In boys, testosterone
and in girls estrogen are released.)
Girls start puberty at age 10-11, finish at age 15-17.

Boys start at age 11-12, finish 16-17.

Changes in boys

Facial Hair

Broad shoulders

Increased body hair

Pubic hair grows up toward naval

Mature genital organs

Body more muscular

 Sex Education
• Sex education is a broad term used to describe
education about human sexual anatomy, sexual
reproduction, sexual intercourse, and other
aspects of human sexual behavior.
 Sex Education
• Although some form of sex education is part of the
curriculum at many schools, it remains a
controversial issue in several countries.
 Characteristics of Effective Sex Education
• focus on reducing one or more sexual behaviors
that lead to unintended pregnancy, STD/HIV
infection or other health-related risky behaviors.

• give a clear message about sexual activity and

condom or contraceptive use and continually
reinforce that message.

• include activities that address social pressures that

influence sexual behavior.
• provide basic, accurate information about the risks of
teen sexual activity and about methods of avoiding
intercourse or using protection against pregnancy and
STDs.

• provide modeling of and practice with

communication, negotiation, and refusal skills.

• employ a variety of teaching methods designed to

involve the participants and have them personalize the
information.
• incorporate behavioral goals, teaching methods,
and materials that are appropriate to the age,
sexual experience, and culture of the students.

• last a sufficient length of time to complete

important activities adequately.

• select teachers or peer leaders who believe in the

program they are implementing and provide them
with training.
 SEXUALITY COUNSELING FOR ADOLESCENTS
• Adolescents are supposed to receive careful and complete
education about sexuality to practice healthy sexual
behavior.

• Sexuality education classes have become a routine part of

junior high and high school curricula in many parts of the
country.
 ROLE OF THE COUNSELOR
• Counselors are in an ideal position to provide
comprehensive sexuality education to adolescents as part
of preventive health care with the help of pediatricians.

• Adolescents may ask questions, discuss potentially

embarrassing experiences, or explain some personal
information to the counselor.
 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COUNSELING
• Sexuality education shouldn’t be restricted to high school
years, but it should be put into lifelong perspective.

• Parents should be encouraged to discuss sex-related issues

that are appropriate for the adolescent's developmental level
and to answer the adolescents’ questions fully and accurately.
• Counselor should obtain a comprehensive sexual history
from adolescents, including knowledge about sexuality,
sexual practices, partners and relationships, and sexual
feelings.

• Counselor should counsel parents and adolescents about

circumstances that are associated with earlier sexual
activity.
• Both male and female adolescents should be
informed about the methods of birth control.

• Counselor should maintain nonjudgmental

attitudes towards bisexual and homosexual
adolescents and encourage them to be open about
their behaviors and feelings.
• Children who have been victims of physical or
sexual abuse or have witnessed sexual violence or
physical abuse should obtain counseling about
sexuality.

• Counselor can work with a pediatrician to develop

a comprehensive strategy to decrease the rates of
unsafe adolescent sexual behavior and adverse
outcomes.

• Appropriate materials could be provided in the

office of the counselor.
 Current situation in Turkey
Projeler:
Ergenlerin Sağlık Bilincinin Geliştirilmesi Projesi”
• ERDEP
CİNSELLİKLE İLGİLİ BİLGİ KAYNAKLARI:
Kentsel kesimde yapılan araştırmalarda lise
öğrencilerinin cinsellik ile ilgili bilgi kaynakları şu
şekildedir:
1-Arkadaş,
2-gazete-dergi, televizyon
3-kitap.
(CETAD araştırma verilerine göre)
 References
http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/s/sex_education.htm

http://www.todayszaman.com/news-279494-young-people-in-turkey-have-right-to-sex-education.html

http://www.unesco.org/education/efa/know_sharing/grassroots_stories/turkey.shtml

Sexuality Education for Children and Adolescents. (2001). Pediatrics, 108 (2), 498 -502. Retrieved May 20,
2014, from http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/108/2/498.full

http://www.sexualityandu.ca/teachers/making-the-case-for-school-based-sexual-health-
education/characteristics-of-effective-sexual-health-education