FIVE PHASES OF USING COMPUTERS IN EDUCATION

1. Late 1970's - Early1980's: Programming, Drill, and Practice

 computers were beginning to be used in school

 early years of 1980's when teachers were teaching "ADP" in class which stands for "automated
data processing" using Nokia MikroMikko.
 to develop students' logic and math skills
 software developed by teachers for simple drills and practice exercises for math and language
learning
 these exercises didn't help students much to reach any deeper understanding

2. Late 1980's - Early 1990's: Computer Based Training (CBT) with Multimedia

 multimedia computers, with advanced graphics and sound came to the markets
 it was improvement of the drill and practice exercises which failed to teach the students
 known as the golden era of CD-ROMs and multimedia computers
 the multimedia CD-ROMs did not either get people to deep learning and understanding

3. Early1990’s: Internet-Based Training (IBT)

 adoption of the World Wide Web

 The failure of CD-ROMs were deemed related to the challenges to update the content in the CD-
ROMs.
 Since information changes so fast, the internet became a rich source of the expanding knowledge
in giving Internet-based training, but again without the multimedia, all one could do on the
internet were early experiments with animations, videos and audios.

4. Late 1990's - Early 2009: E-learning

 the e-learning industry was built, even though it was not proven that anyone (except the IT
managers) needed these products
 The markets for e-learning courses and especially for Learning Management Systems (LMS) were
created.
 The pedagogical thinking around the e-learning is closely related to the computer-based training.

5. Late 2000: Social Software + Free and Open Content

  In the late 2000, social software and free and open content marked a real breakthrough in the
field of educational technology.
 Blogs and wikis have already brought web back to its original idea: simple tool for personal notes
that are easily accessible and even editable by peers and your potential peers.
 The pedagogical thinking behind the social software and free and open content can be rooted to
the social constructivist theory and cultural-historical psychology.
 "Any true understanding is dialogic in nature." Mikhail Bakhtin and Lev Vygotsky wrote that "all
higher [mental] functions originate as actual relations between human individuals."

REFERENCES:

Epifania V. Tabbada, Ed. D. , Maria Mercedes Buendia, MA. Ed. , Marcela J. Leus, Ed. D. Educational
Techology 1, (2015) ADRIANA Publishing Corp.

Reference

http://panggajas.blogspot.com/2017/11/history-of-educational-technology-and.html