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Drone Survelliance PDF
Drone Survelliance PDF
MIKE STAPLETON
LANDDATA SURVEYS PTY LTD
DRONE – 1900S
DRONE -2000S
PERSPECTIVE
• CONVENTIONAL SURVEY COMPANY
• DRONE IGNORANT
• EXPERIENCE ON PROJECTS
“Quantum leaps in Surveying”
• During the past 50 years, surveying and
engineering measurement technology has
made five quantum leaps: the electronic
distance meter, total station, GPS, robotic
total station and laser scanner. Unmanned
aircraft systems or drones will be the sixth
quantum leap in technology. (Frank Willis)
• http://www.pobonline.com/articles/96996-how-can-drones-
transform-surveying
DRONE - SURVEYING
ACTIVITY
• Maptek (Mining computer tech company) made
“a significant investment in…. DroneMetrex”
• Hexagon (Swedish measurement and design
group) “has acquired the drone manufacturer
Aibotix”
• Accenture (consulting and technology firm) –
“using drones is a ore efficient process, and can
produce more real time information in a much
safer manner than getting surveyors out on site”
• www.miningaustralia.com.au
LANDDATA SURVEYS
• Clients requiring detail and contour surveys
• Seek to reduce costs
• Investigate innovative methods
• Various applications – different solutions
• Vast area
• Access difficulties
• Drone survey opportunities
Questions regarding drone survey
• Could it achieve accuracy required for 0.25
contours
• Could trees and buildings be adequately
surveyed
• Determination of contours when grass is long
• Accuracy questions relating to surface
surveyed and actual ground surface.
• Could small features such as hydrants be seen
and mapped.
EXTERNAL CONSIDERATIONS
• PILOT QUALIFICATIONS
• PROXIMITY TO AIRPORT (CONTROLLED AIR SPACE)
• WEATHER CONDITIONS – WIND (max 30km/h)
• ADMINISTRATION PAPER WORK WITH CASA
• ABILITY TO LAND
• RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
• EAGLES!!
DRONE SURVEY
http://www.dronemetrex.com/topodrones.html
• Horizontal Accuracy 10mm and vertical accuracy of 25mm
• Capture high resolution data using pre-programmed, autonomous
flights;
• Equipped with IMU/GPS system which makes ground control points
redundant;
• Control circuit board goes with IP software to plan fully
autonomous missions, control the flights, and store high accurate
data in secure format;
• Have “Active" Gimbal camera mount and software controlled for
active counter-movement compensation of the drone airframe tip,
tilt, yaw movements.
• TopoDrones carry latest-model metric and calibrated camera
systems
• Our metric cameras can have 4-BAND digital sensors, which
simultaneously capture a near infrared fourth band in addition to
standard RGB, PAN, and CIR bands;
• Able to provide camera calibration databased on verified field
calibration reports.
Dronemetrix
• Most drone mapping systems have been designed by remote
control enthusiasts or research scientists who have thought it
would be useful to attach a camera to a drone, and then try to
solve the photogrammetry.
• Dronemetrix designed to create an accurate
photogrammetric system that can then be adapted and
integrated onto a drone. Base data product is a very dense 3D
point cloud which is more than 100 times denser than LiDAR.
• The TopoDrone-100 is a photogrammetric mapping system
that ensures proper photogrammetric stereo models because
of gyrostabilised active mount for the camera and Per-Pixel
Photogrammetric Preprocessing software which accounts for
systematic errors of the camera and “aggressive” drone
movements in flight.
• For “bare earth” solutions, Dronemetrix claims two
advantages:
• The dense point cloud of accurate 3D points can be “filtered”
and processed with similar algorithms to LiDAR data for top of
tress or grass or building etc. versus the ground
• 3D photogrammetric stereo models are created checked by a
photogrammetrist to authenticate bare earth versus non-bare
earth. The human photogrammetrist can also perform
accurate 3D “heads-up” stereo digitising of any required
features (such as breaklines, fences, creeks etc.)
• Time frames:
• Drone Flight; one day
• Mobilisation and demobilisation: “2 days"
• Data processing & Mapping products; three days
• 3D line feature digitising
What Happened
• Sorry we can’t fly because we cannot land!
• Alternatives and associated compromises
Helimetrix
• Data from 400ft
• Planned to achieve accuracy of 0.1, SE, 1 sigma, on clear ground
• Survey control installed by Helemetrix, surveyed by Landdata will
test UAS data
• Superfluous points removed
• Use made of airborne control system reducing need for ground
control marks
• Flight parameters include daylight hours, visually maintained
conditions, line of sight UAV operations, not above 400ft
• Landing zone 3m x 3m, 10m clear of man made structures, 30 m
from general public access areas
• A 300m wide safety zone along the UAV flight path
• Day to set up control points, half day to set up and undertake flying
• About three days to provide provisional data
SITE ADMINISTRATION
SITE ADMINISTRATION
• TIMING
• The agreed time frame for the Googong project
was not met – at least a week late
• IMPROVISATION
General Results
• String lines less than in conventional survey –
with underlying photograph it may be less
relevant
• Excessive number of triangles for DTM.
Uncertain whether civil design consultants will
cope with the amount of triangulation.
• Aerial image underlay is very valuable
resource for future planning
• Cadastral issues
GOOGONG
• MAX DIFF 0.325
• MIN DIFF -0.249
• RANGE 0.574
• MEDIAN -0.009
• AVERAGE -0.011