Polypropylene as an Alternative tile

(Arevalo, E. A., Feliciano, C., Lendio, F.A.J)

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Abstract

This study was undertaken to reduce the plastic invasion through the country. Also, the study will provide
enough evidences to show how Polypropylene Plastic possibly potential to be an alternative tile. The kind
of research design applied was Quasi-Experimental where the product undergoes several interventions to
fully shown that it is efficient to be used. Then results obtained was significantly high showing that 2 kinds
of plastic can be used as a substitute tile yet polypropylene is highly endorsed to use. The researcher
recommended that the other chemical properties should mention and should take to support the result fully.
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Acknowledgement scholars and researchers to conduct several
The researchers want to express their studies in address to the worsening impacts of
deep and sincere gratitude to the following plastic waste pollution in our nature. Further
people who had their own special contributions related information was gained and process as
in making this research paper possible. Williana, well as new products were made and innovated as
the researcher’s friends, who were there when an answer to potentially solution the matter. It is
they started this research until it was done. Her said that the solid waste that largely accumulating
moral support had greatly motivated them to in the environment is plastics. The worst part is
continue working on this paper; To Arevalo the very slow decomposition of plastic products
Family, Feliciano Family, and Lendio Family, as its natural rate to be processed greatly varies
who serve as the inspiration of the researchers on its chemical structures and melting point.
for considerately supporting them in all means. According to a report from world institute -
Their full effort to help the researchers January 2015 about 299 million tons of plastics
throughout the process made them to pursue were produced in 2013 and was rapidly
fulfilling their requirements; To Sir Lambino, an increasing every year, due to urbanization.
Science Teacher, for giving them the Through years, the direct proportionality of
opportunity to do research and for providing human population (in relation to their activities)
them invaluable guidance throughout this and plastic production became more evident.
research. His patience during the discussion he Polypropylene, is a type of plastics that is
had with them and his hardships in revising and most used across the globe. It is under the
editing their drafts greatly help for the category of thermoplastic which has the ability to
improvements of this paper; Above all, the be repeatedly molded or shaped after set to high
researchers praise and thank God Almighty, for temperature until the melting point is reach. It is
His graciousness in giving them enough skills one of the reasons why polypropylene is a highly
and knowledge to successfully complete this reusable plastic due to its recyclable nature. In
research. addition, the polymer itself is a synthetic resin
due to the polymerization (any process where
relatively small molecules or monomers are
Introduction combined chemically to produce a larger
Promotion of awareness campaigns
molecules) of propylene (a colorless and
from different environmental advocates lead
flammable gaseous hydrocarbon that came from
petroleum). Making the polypropylene tougher
and flexible that can stand against the greatest
longitudinal stress without breaking or tearing
apart because of its elastic nature.
Background of the study
Plastics are generally versatile, light-
weight, durable and less expensive creating a
mass production of different commercial plastics.
It is classified in to two categories. First is
thermoplastics, plastics that are hardened after
being melted and cooled. This type of plastic
could repeat the same process several times.
Thermosets on the other hand are plastics that
undergoes chemical change after being heated
and therefore cannot repeat the same process.
Plastics’ shelter life varies depending on its
chemical composition and unlike the other waste
materials, plastics do not easily decompose and
has an evident longer time to be processed
naturally; resulting plastic to be the top most
problem in terms of the worsening waste
pollution in the environment
Statement of the problem
Nature is facing a serious problem about
the plastic wastes which is continually being
added to the environment. This study wanted to
lessen the impact of plastic waste by making
polypropylene plastic as an alternative tile.
The study will answer the following problem:
1. Does polypropylene plastic can be an
alternative materials for commercial
tile?
2. How can polypropylene plastic help in
lessen the plastic waste in environment?
3. What are the advantages of using
polypropylene plastic as an alternative
tiles?
Significance of the Plastic as an alternative tile
This study aims to provide evidences
of the potential of Polypropylene plastic to be an
alternative low-cost tile. This will aim to give aid
in the rising problem about the plastic wastes that
is hard to decompose.
Scope and Limitations
This study will focus on making
tiles using a Polypropylene plastic as an
alternative material to the common
commercialize ceramic and granite tiles. This
will also provide an information about the
different property of plastics as a potential and
practical low-cost materials for tiles making.
The limitation of the study are the
test procedures that could only be done with the
use of equipment and instruments and things that
does not relate to plastics and tiles. the
measurement of flammability of propylene
plastic are not also include to this study.
Review of Related Literature
In a study entitled “Development and
Production of Ceramic Tiles from Waste Bottle
Powder”, the researchers try to produce a tile out
of varying mixture of clay and milled glass to
know if it could be good alternative of the
common ceramic tiles. They run several test
procedures to know the efficiency of the tiles and
to compare it to the ceramic tiles commonly used.
The physical properties of the tiles produced were
evaluated to determine its suitability as an
industrial raw material for a tile. From this study,
it is inferred that, milled glass can be used for
tiles, sanitary wares, utensils and in refractory
production.
Large volumes of plastic wastes had
evidently polluted the oceans across the world. It
was predicted that there will be an increase
number of waste by the year 2025 due to the
current poor waste management infrastructure.
This problem is endangering marine life as well
as the ecosystems. It was reported that
Philippines ranked 3rd as one of the biggest
contributor of plastics problem with 1.8 million
tons of plastics waste or 5.9 percent of the total
amount of plastics threw annually to the ocean.
According to attorney Antonio Oposa Jr., a 2009
Ramon Magsaysay awardee and a long been
environment advocate "We are drowning in our
own waste. It is time to rethink the way we throw
things, especially those that don't rot, like
plastics." The plastic pollution is emerging as one
of the most serious environmental problems in
the Philippines. However, the negative impacts of
this serious environmental problem to the human
food chain and health lead to a lot of advocates to
raise awareness as well as think of several
solutions in lessening its effects.
Plastics became a preferable resource in
different sectors for everyday applications.
However, the production of plastic materials
enormously contributes to the plastic wastes in
the environment. The Plastic Europe, a group of
plastic manufacturers aims in preventing plastic
wastes into the environment by reusing, recycling
and recovering all plastic packages. They believe
that plastics are very valuable resources that can
be turn into a useful material even after it has
been used. According to their data in the year
2017, there is an increase number of produced
plastic products. One important thing here is that
plastics' shelf life varies as each have different
life cycles, making a variation in production and
waste. The newly made plastics will eventually
add to the tons of stocked plastic wastes and they
addressed this problem by recycling the plastic
packaging wastes in the products they are
manufacturing.
Lastly, in the study entitled
"Comparative Analysis of Tiles Made from
Recyclable LDPE Plastic Waste", plastics were
recycled into a new useful material to lessen the
adverse effects of plastic wastes. Due to very less
research done for exploring the value of used
plastics, their research illustrates the
manufacturing of tiles and bricks from LDPE
(Low-Density Polyethylene), plastic waste. It
was followed by several tests including
compression test, flammability test, friction test,
etc. These test results were compared with that of
traditional Ceramic tiles. With the results that the
researchers gain, a new recycled product was
manufactured at a very cheap price with
unbreakable and strength equal to the traditional
ceramic tiles
Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis- Polypropylene cannot be use as
an alternative material to making tiles.
Alternative Hypothesis- Polypropylene can be
used as an alternative material in making tile.
Conceptual Framework
The diagram below shows the input,
process and outcome on how we will conduct our
experiment in making plastic tiles.
Process out
Input -Melting come
-molding
-plastic -Plastic
-cooling
Tiles
-ironing
Methodology
This chapter consist of Research Design
and Method used in conducting this study.
Incorporated by the experimentation to
accomplish the task. This chapter show how the
researchers come up with the results and
discussions and also the conclusion. Then the
researcher recommendation to the future works of
the next researcher.
Research Design
The approach of the research is a quasi-
experimental where as it will be done through the
manipulation of the variables, to test the different
reaction of the plastic to the heat.
Methods
1.Collect different kind of plastics.
2. Wash all the plastic and let it dry for a while.
3. Segregate same classification of plastics.
4. Cut all plastics in smaller pieces.
5. Prepare the baking paper or paper covered with
cooking oil, also the molder
6. Heat up the oven
7. Put the baking paper or paper that is covered
with cooking oil on the molder.
8. Put the plastics on the molder
9. Let it melt in the oven.
10. After several minutes take it out.
 11. Pressed down the melted plastic to compact validates the accuracy of the findings by
it. And let it cool providing a criteria or intervention sheet where
12. When it is cooled take the tile from the mold. plastic tiles are tested whether it have a potential
13. Use an iron to finish the tile nicely. to be use as an alternative tile for ceramics and
16. The tile is ready. granites. On the testing the product the
researchers find out that the 2 of the plastic is
possible to be an alternative tile. In addition, 1 out
Result and Discussion of 2 the tiles are highly possible to become a tile.
Results Therefore, the polypropylene () is more efficient
After the melting, cooling down and to be used as tile.
molding the three kinds of plastic. Its shows
different structure and strength. The plastic In the recent study of Comparative
wrappers or cellophanes is less compact and thin, Analysis of Tiles Made from Low Density
while the plastic caps(polypropylene) is more Polyethylene Plastic (LDPE) waste, the
compact and thick one. And lastly the plastic researchers come up with a new tile from the
bottles were in the middle compact and thick. LDPE that undergo different test. That compare
During the melting, plastic wrappers and plastic to the traditional ceramic tiles afterwards. As a
bottles is easy to melt, one the other hand plastic result of that a new recyclable product made. In
caps consume a lot of time to melt and solidify. addition to it is less expensive yet it has an
The figure 1 manifest the durability of the unbreakable strength equal to the traditional
three kinds of plastic. As a results plastic bottle ceramic tile. Also based on the study of Semanda
can easily broken while plastic cellophanes and (2014), the presence plastic of the plastic made
plastic caps cannot break. Therefore the plastic the tile less prone to a scrape. The study shown
caps has high potential ability to be alternative by testing the impact of the falling ball that weigh
tile and how compact it is. 438 grams.
Figure 1. ISO for Tiles
Testing For Durabilit However, the researchers failed to
y emphasize the negative effects of the plastic on
Types of Height No. of Remarks the researcher health while conducting the
plastic of fragment research such as inhalation of the awful smell of
falling the plastic while melting it. And then the other
object chemical properties are not fully tested.
plastic 248cm 0 Pass
wrappers or Conclusion
cellophanes This study has show that polypropylene
plastic bottle 248cm 1 Field plastic can be used as an alternative tile for the
Plastic Caps 248cm 0 Pass traditional ceramics tiles. A completely recycled
product was manufactured at a very cheap price
g=2 distance/time2 and also it lessens the plastic waste in our
=2(248cm)/(2.53s)^2 environment. Since the needed materials is a
=0.07 plastic. The material use is unbreakable rather
than ceramic tiles. A manufactured tile that is a
water resistance, floats on water.

Discussion
This study aims to lessen or manage the Recommendation
usage of the plastic. Where in the researcher
In this study, the researchers recommend to
further explore plastic tiles and improve it as a
potential commercial product.

References
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Motta, J. F. (2004). RAW MATERIALS FOR

CERAMIC TILES IN THE SANTA
GERTRUDES POLE, BRAZIL.

Semanda, Julius. (2014). THE EFFECTS OF

PLASTIC AND EGG SHELL WASTE MATERIALS ON
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FLOOR TILES