ECOLOGY ASSIGNMENT

GAURIKA GROVER
1ST SEM RECREATION ARCHITECTURE

1. IDENTIFY ONE NATURAL RESOURCE AND ITS RESOURCE MANAGEMENT.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN CONTEXT TO CONSTRUCTION. HOW DOES THE
MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME CONTRIBUTE TO ECOLOGY?

Natural resource - Bio mass

 Biomass is fuel that is developed from organic materials, a renewable and sustainable
source of energy used to create electricity or other forms of power.
 Biomass comes from a variety of sources which include:
Wood from natural forests and woodlands, Forestry plantations, Forestry residues,
Agricultural residues such as straw, stover, cane trash and green agricultural wastes,
Agro-industrial wastes, such as sugarcane bagasse and rice husk, Animal wastes (cow
manure, poultry litter etc),Industrial wastes, such as black liquor from paper
manufacturing, Sewage ,Municipal solid wastes (MSW),Food processing wastes
 India produces about 450-500 million tonnes of biomass per year. Biomass provides
32% of all the primary energy use in the country at present.

Resource management

 These are used to generate electricity with the same equipment or power plants that are
now burning fossil fuels.
 Biomass resources that are available on a renewable basis and are used either directly
as a fuel or converted to another form or energy product are commonly referred to as
“biomass feedstocks”
 Biomass can be used to produce heat and electricity, or used in combined heat and
power (chp) plants.
 Biomass can also be used in combination with fossil fuels (co-firing) to improve
efficiency and reduce the build up of combustion residues.
 Biomass can also replace petroleum as a source for transportation fuels.
 Wood and wood processing wastes—burned to heat buildings, to produce process heat
in industry, and to generate electricity
 Agricultural crops and waste materials—burned as a fuel or converted to liquid biofuels
 Food, yard, and wood waste in garbage—burned to generate electricity in power plants
or converted to biogas in landfills
 Animal manure and human sewage—converted to biogas, which can be burned as a
fuel
 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN CONTEXT TO CONSTRUCTION.

Punjab is predominantly rich in agriculture and contributes the major share to the grain basket
of India. It has surplus production of major crops. It produces 25% of country’s cotton, 22% of
wheat and 55% of rice, even though it has only 1.5% of total country cultivable area. Punjab
has been meeting its electrical power requirements primarily through conventional thermal and
hydro power generation.
Biomass Power project has the following inherent advantages over thermal power generation:
 It is environmentally friendly because of relatively lower CO2 and particulate
emissions
 It displaces fossil fuels such as coal
 It is a decentralised, load based means of generation, because it is produced and
consumed locally, losses associated with transmission and distribution are reduced
 It offers employment opportunities to locals
 It has a low gestation period and low capital investment
 It helps in local revenue generation and upliftment of the rural population
 It is an established and commercially viable technology option.
 Punjab has substantial availability of Biomass / Agrowaste in the state is sufficient to
produce about 1000 MW of electricity. PEDA has planned to develop some of the
available potential talukas / tehsils with the aim to promote and install biomass / agro
waste based projects. PEDA has so far allocated 30 sites / tehsils for setting up of total
332.5 MW capacity Biomass / Agrowaste based power projects under three phases.
 Utilization of biomass for power generation is the need of the hour as it solves two
major challenges facing the country – power deficit and waste management.

HOW DOES THE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME CONTRIBUTE TO ECOLOGY?

 Biomass helps climate change by reducing GHG
 Biomass harvests that don’t exceed forest growth can be treated as carbon neutral
 As described above, biomass use is expected to increase with changing economics. It is
estimated that 14.8 quads of biofuel could be used by the year 2030 by applying
accelerated research, development, and demonstration to efficient technologies.
 Biomass fuels in the future will be similar to those used today. Woody fuels from forest
and cropland would increasingly supply industrial and electric applications. Wood
residue fuels will continue to deteriorate in quality as wood is reallocated to growing
fiber markets.
 Transportation fuels will be produced from biomass plantations. New resources, enough
to produce more than 10 quads, will derive from intensive management of timberland
and intensive cultivation of cropland.
 Some effects, such as the impact of harvesting on habitat or air pollution from residential
wood combustion, draw attention to the potential costs of biomass energy. The
bioenergy community must address these large-scale environmental issues before
public pressures limit the use of biomass technologies.
 As a renewable resource, biomass production, compared with fossil fuels, benefits the
environment, particularly its potential to maintain or restore the environment and to
mitigate global climate change.