Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
KATHMANDU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
KATHMANDU
PRABAL DAHAL
BAE/2070/27
February, 2018
NATURE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL COMFORT: BIOPHILIC ARCHITECTURE
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. BIOPHILIC DESIGN
3. COMFORT IN ARCHITECTURE
4. BIOPHILIA AND COMFORT:
A CASE OF LITERATURE AND SURVEY
6. ANALYSIS
1. INTRODUCTION: I. Background
1. INTRODUCTION
I. Background
• Human evolution occurred in a natural
environment.
Sub Questions:-
A. What is incorporating nature in the built space?
B. How is it done?
C. What is comfort?
D. How does nature bring about comfort to human
psyche?
III. Objectives
IV. Methodology
IV. Methodology
Research Question
Analysis
IV. Methodology
Research Question
Literature Study
IV. Methodology
Research Question
Case Studies
IV. Methodology
Research Question
Surveying
Data Collection (Literature Study,
Case Studies, Surveying)
IV. Methodology
Research Question
Analysis
Data Collection (Literature Study,
Case Studies, Surveying)
Analysis
• Cross Case Analysis
2. BIOPHILIC DESIGN
2. BIOPHILIC DESIGN
2. BIOPHILIC DESIGN
BIOPHILIC PRINCIPLES:
• Repeated and sustained engagement
with nature.
2. BIOPHILIC DESIGN
14
Biophilic
Patterns
(Terrapin Bright Green, 2014)
3. COMFORT IN ARCHITECTURE
3. COMFORT IN ARCHITECTURE
CONTEXTS OF COMFORT:
• Physical context (bodily mechanisms)
• Psycho-spiritual context (beliefs,
consciousness of self)
• Environmental context (temperature,
COMFORT DIFFERS BASED UPON SITUATIONS
humidity) Source: https://www.petcha.com
3. COMFORT IN ARCHITECTURE
Survey papers were distributed and upon receiving the filled form, Agreed was input into excel
as A, Disagreed as D and Neutral and N.
9% 6%
D A
D
N
85% N
(blank)
96%
39%
53%
A
D
N
8%
8% 1%
1%
A
D
N
(blank)
90%
36%
60% A
D
N
4%
1%
13%
4%
(blank)
82%
7% 1%
1%
A
D
N
(blank)
91%
INTERNATIONAL: WINDHOVER
CONTEMPLATIVE CENTRE AND ART GALLERY
Location: Northern California, USA
Project Address: 370 Santa Teresa St. Stanford,
CA 94305
Project Type: Public Gallery
Area: 4,000 sq ft
Year of Completion: 2014
Design Team: Aidlin Darling Design
Key Biophilia Patterns: Refuge, Visual
Connection with Nature, Dynamic and Diffuse
WINDHOVER COMTEMPLATIVE CENTRE
Light, Material Connection with Nature Source: https://www.designboom.com/wp-content/dbsub/381496/2015-
02-02/img_1_1422888464_29e4a3752d1a4d1ffa0b662a2e3eb263.jpg
2015 Design Merit Award (American Society of Landscape Architects) w/Andrea Cochran Landscape, 2015 Citation Award
(American Institute of Architects), 2015 Honor Award (International Interior Design Association), 2015 Best of Competition Winner
(42ND Annual Interior Design Competition)
6. ANALYSIS
and
FINDINGS
6. ANALYSIS
6. ANALYSIS
6. ANALYSIS
6. ANALYSIS
7265_120404122047443.jpg?s=1024x768
6. ANALYSIS
6. ANALYSIS
• Woodwork, masonry,
wall paint style, texture,
arrangement of
structural system, VARIOUS
building form, furniture BIOMORPHIC
FORMS
form, window details.
Source: author
VERTICAL LOUVRES
MIMICKING TREE TRUNKS
Psychological/Biological Impacts (Terrapin) Comfort Source: Windhover Contemplative
Center, 2015 Terrapin Bright
Observed View preference Feeling of ancient
Green
connection with space.
6. ANALYSIS
6. ANALYSIS
[P12] Refuge
LITERATURE CASE STUDY 1: Park Village CASE STUDY 2: Windhover
• A place for withdrawal
from environmental
conditions or the main flow
of activity, protected from
behind and overhead.
• Small protection space,
partial cover, extensive VARIOUS
refuge; weather REFUGE AREAS
Source:
protection, speech https://ktmgh.com/
park-village-
protection; meditation and resort/gallery.php
relaxation, controlled
operable shades, blinds. Comfort
LOCATED AT A PEACEFUL
Psychological/Biological Impacts (Terrapin) The need to be alone ENVIRONMENT WITH NATURAL
Improved concentration, attention and from time to time to MATERIALS
Source: https://www.architonic.com/en/project/aidlin-
perception of safety contemplate. darling-design-windhover-contemplative-center/5103570
life. https://www.greenbiz.com/sites/default/files/styles/panopoly_image_full/public/images/article
s/featured/interfacebiophilia.jpg?itok=8FR4-zIp
The biophilia hypothesis also called BET suggests that humans possess an innate tendency to seek connections with
nature and other forms of life. Edward O. Wilson introduced and popularized the hypothesis in his book, Biophilia (1984).
He defines biophilia as "the urge to affiliate with other forms of life".
-WIKIPEDIA
RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
Advisor, P. (n.d.). http://www.psychiatryadvisor.com/mood-disorders/nature-cognitive-anxiety-depression-mood/article/448018/3/.
Retrieved 11 2017
Group, M. (2016). Biophilic Design: Enhancing the Human-Nature Relationship in the Built Environment. Mohawk Group.
Helga Santos da Silva, M. C. (n.d.). The meaning of comfort in residential environments. Retrieved December 2017
Hotels, K. (n.d.). Park Village Resort. Retrieved from Kathmandu Guest House: https://ktmgh.com/park-village-resort/index.php
Ltd, H. S. (n.d.). Park Village. Retrieved from HIMALAYAN SCENERY TREKS & EXPEDITION PVT. LTD:
http://www.himalayanst.com/park-village.html
William Browning, C. R. (2014). 14 PATTERNS OF BIOPHILIC DESIGN IMPROVING HEALTH & WELL-BEING IN THE BUILT
ENVIRONMENT. New York: Terrapin Bright Green LLC. Retrieved January 2018, from terrapinbrightgreen:
http://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/14-Patterns-of-Biophilic-Design-Terrapin-2014p.pdf
Kellert, S., Heerwagen, J., & Mador, M. (2008). Biophilic design: The theory, science, and practice of bringing buildings to life.
Hoboken, N.J., Wiley.
Joye, Y., Architectural Lessons from Environmental Psychology: the Case of Biophilic Architecture 323
Stephen R. Kellert, Elizabeth F. Calabrese. "The Practice of Biophilic Design." The Practice of Biophilic Design (n.d.). PDF.
January 2018. <www.biophilic-design.com>.
Schmid, 2005, A. A ideia de conforto: reflexões sobre o ambiente construído. Curitiba, Pacto Ambiental.