BODY PARTS

ARTHROPOD PARASITE DISEASE CAUSED TRANSMISSION TO HUMAN

AFFECTED

INSECTA
Lice
Pediculus humanus capitis Head louse-pediculosis Hair follicles Head-to-head contact and transmission
Skin-to-skin contact: sexual activity or
Pediculus humanus humanus Body louse-Pediculosis
sharing of personal things (e.g. clothes)
Skin-to-skin contact: sexual activity or
Pthirus pubis Crab louse-pediculosis Pubic Area; Eyelashes
sharing of personal things (e.g. clothes)
Demodex spp. Demodicosis Eyebrow; Eyelashes Skin-to-skin contact
Intimate skin contact & Sharing of personal
Sarcoptes scabiei Scabies Skin
things
Chiggers (Family Trombiculidae) Trombiculosis Skin Contact with High grasses and weeds
Flea
Pulex irritans Pulicosis skin Found in Environment
Tunga penetrans Tungiasis Subcutaneous tissue
Fly
Eggs are transferred by mosquito and other
Dermatobia hominis Myiasis Subcutaneous tissue
biting flies
ARACHNIDA
Tick
Family Ixodidae Skin Found in Grass, Leaf litters and weeds
Family Argasidae Skin Found in high grasses, leaf litters and weeds
Table 1.0: List of Arthropod parasites that directly parasitize the man, the disease they causes and the body part they infects
 Role in Mode of
Vector Disease Causal Agent
Life Cycle Transmission
PROTOZOAN
BUG
Rubbing
infected feces
Panstrongylussp. &
chagas disease Trypanosoma cruzi on mucous
Triatoma sp.
membranes or
skin
FLY
Trypanosoma brucei
African rhodesiense and Bite of infected
Glossina sp.
Trypanosomiasis Trypanosoma brucei fly
gambiense
Bite of infected
Simulium sp. Onchocerciasis Onchocerca volvulus
fly
Phlebotomus sp. and Bite of infected
Leishmaniasis Leishmania spp.
Lutzomyia sp. fly
Bancroftian Wuchereria Bite of infected
dilariasis bancrofti fly
Bite of infected
Malayan filariasis Brugia malayi
Various mosquito fly
species Bite of infected
Dirofilariasis Dirofilaria immitis
fly
Bite of infected
Anopheles sp. Malaria Plasmodium spp.
fly
TICK
Ixodes sp. Babesiosis Babesia microfti Bite of Tick
HELMINTHS
CRUSTACEAE
Eating fish
1st
Diphyllobothrium eaten an
Intermediate
latum infected
host
Diphyllobothriasis Cyclops
Swallowing
Cyclops sp. Diphyllobothrium
Sparganosis infected
spirometra
Cyclops
Swallowing
Dracunculus
Dracunculosis infected
medinensis
Cyclops
Paragonimus Eating infected
Crabs and Crayfish Paragonimiasis
westermani Crustaceaen
FLEA
Rat tapeworm Hymenolepsis Swallowing
Xenopsylla cheopis
infection diminuta infected flea
 Dog tapeworm Diphylidium Swallowing
Various Flea species
infection, caninum infected flea
BETTLE
Swallowing
Tribolium spp. Hymenolepsis Hymenolepsis nana
infected bettles
FLY
Bite of infected
Chrysops sp. Loaiasis Loa loa
fly
BACTERIA
MITE
Rickettsia Bite of Larvale
Leptotrombidium sp. Scrub typhus
tsutsugamushi Mite
Liponyssiodes
Rickettsial pox Rickettsia akari Bite of Mite
sanguineus
TICK
Francisella
Tularemia Bite of Tick
tularensis
Dermacentor sp.
Rocky Mountain
Rickettsia rickettsia Bite of Tick
Spotted Fever
Endemic
Ornithodoros sp. Borrelia sp. Bite of Tick
Relapsing Fever
Ixodes sp. Lyme disease Borrelia burgdorferi Bite of Tick
Dermacentor variabilis
Ehrlichiosis,
& Amyblyomma Ehrlichia spp. Bite of Tick
Sennetsu fever
americanum
LICE
Rickettsia
Epidemic typhus Bite
prowazekii
Pediculus humanus Trench fever Bartonella quintana Bite
epidemic
Bite & Feces
relapsing fever Borrelia recurrentis
FLEA
Plague Yersina pestis Bite & Feces
Xenopsylla cheopis
Murine typhus Rickettsia typhi
FLY
Francisella Bite of infected
Tularemia
Chrysops sp. tularensis fly
Bartonella
Phlebotomus sp. Bartonellosis
bacilliformis
Table 2.0: List of Parasites that are vector and transmits various parasitic and pathogenic organisms
in man