LIST OF REFERENCES

ABC News (2014). Retrieved July 2016, from http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-08-

25/strong-6.0-magnitude-quake-hits-northern-california/5693064

Agnihotri, P. (2010). "Interaction between out-of-plane strength and in-plane damage

of unreinforced masonry". Master' Thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India

Agnihotri, P., Singhal, V. & Rai. D.C. (2013). ''Effect of in-plane damage on out-of-
plane strength of unreinforced masonry walls''. Engineering Structures, 57, 1-11.

Akhaveissy, A.H. & Desai, C.S. (2011). “Unreinforced Masonry Walls: Nonlinear Finite
Element Analysis with a Unified Constitutive Model.” Archives of Computational
Methods in Engineering, 18(4), 485-502

Ali, Q., & Muhammad, T. (2006).” Stone masonry residential buildings.” Report no. 138,
World Housing Encyclopedia

Ayala, D., & E., S. (2003). "Definition of Collapse mechanisms and seismic
vulnerability of historic masonry buildings". Earthquake Spectra, 19, 479-509.

Bayraktar, A. (2006). "Damages of masonry buildings during the July 2, 2004

Dog˘ubayazıt (Agrı) earthquake in Turkey". Elsevier Ltd, 14, 147-157.

Birtel, V. P. (2006). "Parameterized finite element modelling of RC beam shear failure".

Proceedings of the 19th Annual International ABAQUS Users Conference, Boston,
MA, USA, 95-108

Dizhur, D. (2016). "Building typologies and failure modes observed in the 2015 Gorkha
(Nepal) Earthquake". Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake
Engineering, 49, 211-232.

Dolatshahi, K. M. (2014). "Interaction curves for in-plane and out-of-plane behaviors of

unreinforced masonry walls". Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 19(1), 60-84.

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), (2006). “Evaluation of earthquake

damaged concrete and masonry wall buildings”. FEMA 306, Washington, D.C City

Hendry, A., & .Sinha, B. (1997). Design of masonry structures, E & FN Spon, London
International rescue corps (2001). Retrieved May 2016, from
http://www.intrescue.info/hub/index.php/missions/indian-earthquake-jan-
2001
Javed, M. (2006). "Behaviour of masonry structures during the 2005, Kashmir
Earthquake". First European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology,
Paper no. 1077, Geneva, Switzerland, 3-8 September 2006

Kaushik H.B., Rai D.C. & Jain S.K. (2007). “Uniaxial compressive stress–strain model
for clay brick masonry”. Current Science, 92(4), 497-501

Mirror (2012). Retrieved July 2016, from http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-

news/italy-earthquake-kills-six-and-injures-841970

Park, Y., Reinhorn, A., & Kunnath, S. (1987). "Inelastic Damage Analysis of Reinforced
Concrete Frame-Shear-wall Structures". NCEER Technical Rep. No.87-0008,
Buffalo, NY, USA

Raj, S.B. (2010). "Analytical out-of-plane response of fabric reinforced cementitious

matrix (FRCM) strengthened masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames with
prior in-plane damage ". Master' Thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India

Simulia. (2011). "ABAQUS Analysis User's Manual (Vols. Version 6.13-3).", Dassault
Systemes, Providence, RI, USA

Singhal, V. (2014). "Effect of toothing and openings on bi-directional seismic behaviour

of confined masonry walls". Ph.D. Thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India

Tampone G. (1999). “Tipologie degli edifici danneggiati dal sisma.” Manuale per la
riabilitazione e la ricostruzione postsismica degli edifici (1999). Regione dell’Umbria.
Dei ed [“Types of buildings damaged by the earthquake”. Handbook for
rehabilitation and post-earthquake reconstruction of buildings (1999). Umbria region,
Italy]
The Australian (2012). Retrieved July 2016, from
http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/historic-buildings-factories-reduced-
to-rubble-after-quake-hits-italys-northeast/story-e6frg6so-1226361851705
The World Bank (2009). Retrieved July 2016, from
http://blogs.worldbank.org/endpovertyinsouthasia/first-month-job-bhutan-trial-
earthquake
The World Bank (2016). Retrieved January 2016, from
http://blogs.worldbank.org/europeandcentralasia/shaken-not-stirred

Vaculik, J. (2012). "Unreinforced masonry walls subjected to out-of-plane seismic

actions". Ph.D. Thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, The University of Adelaide,
Adelaide, Australia