IoT BASED VOTING MACHINE

A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by

AROKIYA SAKAYA BERNATSHA M (720715115011)

JASON SOLOMON J (720715115046)
KARTHI P (720715115053)
PRAVEEN KUMAR K (720715115311)

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING

HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,

COIMBATORE – 641032.

ANNA UNIVERSITY : CHENNAI – 600 025

OCTOBER 2018

ANNA UNIVERSITY : CHENNAI 600 025

i
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “IoT BASED VOTING MACHINE ” is the bonafide work
of “ AROKIYA SAKAYA BERNATSHA.M (720715115011),JASON SOLOMON.J

(720715115046), KARTHI.P (720715115053), PRAVEENKUMAR.K

(720715115311) ” who carried out the project work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Dr. S.J. NARMADHA M.Tech.,Ph.D. Mr. K. KESAVARAJ M.E.
PROFESSOR & HEAD SUPERVISOR
DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF
MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING, MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING,
HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, AND TECHNOLOGY,
COIMBATORE – 641032. COIMBATORE – 641032.

Submitted for the University Final Project Viva-Voce held on________________

------------------------- -----------------------
Internal Examiner External Examiner

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We express our sincere thanks to Almighty God, the guiding light of our life for
giving us the potential and courage to complete this project successfully.

We extend our sincere thanks to managing trustee of HINDUSTHAN

EDUCATIONAL AND CHARITABLE TRUST, Mrs. SARASUWATHI
KHANNAIYAN for providing to essential infrastructure.

We would like to express our gratitude to the Principle Dr.T.KANNADASAN

M.Tech., Ph.D., for the encouragement and the facilities provided to complete this
project successfully and for strengthening the ray of hope.

We are highly indebted to Dr.S.J.NARMADHA M.Tech., Ph.D., Professor and

Head for the suggestion that have been valuable for our project development and
improvement.

We would like to extend a grateful and special thanks to our project guide

Mr.K. KESAVARAJ M.E., for his guidance and constructive criticism.

We whole heartedly thank our faculty members and our parents who spend their
today for our tomorrow. We thank our friends and relatives who helped us to complete
our project.

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 ABSTRACT

In recent years, there are so many controversies during election because

of the less trust-worthy EVM machines.EVM machines are easily hackable and

are vulnerable to fraudulent votes and it requires more man power. So, we came

up with the idea of developing IoT based Voting Machine (iVM). In our iVM, we

can able to eradicate this fraudulent activities and able to reduce the manpower

and save time. Here we are using, Arduino controlled and Node MCU module

based voting machine. Hence we can able to simplify the arduous task of the

Election Commission of India.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO.

NO.
ABSTRACT iv
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF FIGURES viii
LIST OF SYMBOLS ix

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2

3 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 6
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 6
3.2 FINGERPRINT MODULE 7
3.3 NODEMCU 7
3.4 TFT DISPLAY 8
3.5 SD CARD READER 8
3.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 9
3.7 FLOW CHART OF THE SYSTEM 11

4 COST REPORT 12
4.1 IOT BASED VOTING MACHINE 12

5 ARDUINO 13
5.1 ARDUINO PROGRAMMING 13
5.2 CODE COMPILING 14

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 5.2 TFT INTERFACING 15
5.4 NODEMCU INTERFACING 16

6 WEB DESIGN 17
6.1 ASP.NET 17
6.2 C# 18
6.3 PHPMYADMIN 18
6.4 MYSQL 19
7 PROS AND CONS 20
7.1 ADVANTAGES 20
7.2 LIMITATION 20

8 CONCLUSION & FUTURE IMPLEMENTATION 21

8.1 CONCLUSION 21
8.2 FUTURE IMPLEMENTATION 21

9 APPENDIX 22
9.1 SOURCE CODE 23
9.2 SCREEN SHOTS

10 REFERENCES 63

vi
 LIST OF TABLE

S.NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1 Technical Specification 10

2 Cost Report 12

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 LIST OF FIGURES

S.NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1. Block Diagram 6
2. Finger Print Sensor 7
3. NodeMCU 8
4. SD Card Reader 9
5. Flowchart of the System 11
6. Arduino Mega 13
7. TFT with Arduino 15
8. NodeMCU with Arduino 16
9. Visual Studio Software 17
10. phpMyAdmin Software 18
11. phpMyAdmin Database 19

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 LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

MCU Micro Controller Unit

EVM Electronic Voting Machine

SD Secure Digital

TFT Thin Film Transistors

IVM Iot Based Voting Machine

IoT Internet Of Things

SQL Structured Query Language

MQTT Message Queuing Telemetry Transport)

PHP Hypertext Preprocessor

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Electronic voting machines (EVM) are used in Indian elections system to implement
electronic voting. The EVM divided into two units - (a) Control Unit and (b) Balloting
Unit. The Balloting Unit is attached to the Control Unit. When voter press the button,
his vote is registered in the control unit and the number of vote of every candidates are
calculated automatically.

Elections are a defining feature of democratic government, but all too frequently, we
take the actual mechanics of the election for granted. We speak at length of such issues
as who is allowed to vote, how campaigns are conducted, and how they are financed,
but no one gives priority to the understanding of the actual voting process.

The EVMs reduce the voting and counting time compared to the traditional method i.e.
old paper ballot system. But EVM having some drawbacks, it can store only vote count,
and can’t store user information or validation user. Identification and validation of user
is done by manually through polling officer.

Now a day’s our election commission uses traditional system which includes following
steps.When voter enter in polling station, Election officer search his name in register
and take signature in register. After identification is done by first officer, second officer
indelible ink is applied usually on left index finger of the voter. Then the officer gives
you a slip that bears the voter register number where you signed or put your thumb
impression. Voter can hand over these slip to the presiding officer he can confirms the
serial number and permits for vote by pressing the button of the control unit of EVM.

These methods having drawbacks which are user identification the main issue of
cheating for duplication and rigging. To overcome this problem we are using IOT based
voting system.

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 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 PREVIOUS CONCEPTS IN VOTING MACHINE

1.In the Journal ”ADVANCED SECURE VOTING SYSTEM WITH IOT” in the
year 2016 by the authors Ms. Nithya.S, Mr.Ashwin. C, Mr.Karthikeyan. C, Mr.Ajith
kumar.M proposed system that consists of Fingerprint system for verification. In
addition, different from the manual approach for fingerprint recognition by experts, the
fingerprint recognition here is referred as AFRS (Automatic Fingerprint Recognition
System),which is program-based. In such a system, an individual who desires to be
recognized claims an identity, usually via a personal identification number (PIN), a user
name, or a smart card, and the system conducts a one-to-one comparison to determine
whether the claim is true or not. They proposed the system by placing Jammers at the
Ballot vault to avoid the tampering using wireless communication (Cell Phones).Results
should be declared immediately after polling. The problem of rigging can be eradicated
by giving a unique to every user so that one person can cast his vote only once. That
unique id can be ―Fingerprint of each individual.

2.In the Journal ” ARDUINO AND PHP BASED ELECTRONIC VOTING

SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION” in the year 2017 by the authors Lect.
Burcu Bektaş, Prof. Dr. Erdoğan Köse. Their proposed system consists of control
module, a microcontroller (Arduino Mega) is used in the control box to send and
receive the vote (data) to be used and bluetooth sensor needed to send data to
microcontroller and pressure sensor to be used during voting are connected to
microcontroller. Each control communicates the responses of students to the receiving
unit (android device) using Bluetooth communication technology. The receiving unit is
the instructor's android (phone or tablet) device. The Android device has to be

2
connected to the internet via Wi-Fi or mobile data in order to communicate with the
service. The server database is communicated via the web service by the android
software developed for the receiving unit, and the votes of students are saved in
database. The developed PHP software help data to be displayed on the web graphically
according to person, class, universities and time.

3.In the Journal ” ARDUINO BASED SMART ELECTRONIC VOTING

MACHINE” in the year 2017 by the authors V. Vimaladevi, B. Pandimeenal, T.
Dhivya proposed system that consists of Arduino Uno,Fingerprint sensor, LCD display,
SFG Demo V2 Software, switches. Arduino UNO act as the controller unit. In order to
unlock the device and as security a Finger print sensor has been attached to
the machine. LCD and switches is also used.

4.In the Journal ” AN APPROACH OF AUTOMATED ELECTRONIC VOTING

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR BANGLADESH USING BIOMETRIC
FINGERPRINT ”in the year 2016 by the authors M. Mesbahuddin Sarker1, Md. Ariful
Islam Shah1, Tajim Md. Niamat Ullah Akhund1,Md. Sharif Uddin2 proposed system
consists of In this system voter will select his/her preferable candidate by providing
his/her opinion on a touch screen where all candidates’ voting sign is displayed. Four
layered network system is used for sending the votes from client to the main database,
where there are three application server and a client are existed. Among them one
application server works as dispatcher. The encrypted votes will be sent from the client
to the dispatcher through an application server and this layer will send those votes to
main database through another application server.

5.In the Journal ”A PROPOSED FRAMEWORK FOR BIOMETRIC

ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEM”in the year 2017 by the authors Md. Mahboob
Karim, Nabila Shahnaz Khan, Ashratuz Zavin, Shusmoy Kundu, Asibul Islam, Brazab

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Nayak consists of a biometric e-voting system which has two main sections- 1) voter
registration & 2) voting control and result calculation. Each user needs to register
first as a voter through the system with biometric (fingerprint) verification.
The information of the voter will be saved in a central database. Then during the
election, digital ballot paper will be used instead of paper ballot paper and it will
contain the list of candidates and their respective logos. A registered voter can cast only
one vote by verifying his finger print.

6.In the Journal “E-VOTING SYSTEM USING BIOMETRIC TESTAMENT AND

CLOUD STORAGE” in the year 2017 by the authors Illakiya.T,Karthikeyan.S,
Maharaja Velayutham. U, Ravi Devan.N. T proposed system consists of higher
security system in polling machines that overcomes the bogus votes. To overcome the
manual registration, they introduced the registration using Aadhar card. The Electronic
voting machine is accessed by matching the biometric data with the Aadhar card
information. To reduce the man power and time consumption they introduced a secure
cloud storage which receives the records from all polling booths.

7.In the Journal ” ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE USING INTERNET” in the

year 2016 by the authors M.Santhosh, S.Kavitha,R. Keerthana, L.Suganya,
S.Krishnakumar proposed system, if the user database is matched then
the user allow to cast the vote. Here finger print identification is used. It is unique
identification to each user. The user need not use any paper or pen. The voting screen is
connected to the personal computer. Then the users have multiple options. At the time
of voting the user have two choices that are vote\and cancel. If the users wrongly
choose, then use the cancel option to go back. The user press the vote option, the vote
will be stored in the server. In this way multiple pc’s are connected to one centralized
server. Now a days 60 to 70 percent votes are only registered because of individual
problems like the user in some other location.

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 8.In the Journal ” IOT : A NOVEL STRATEGY FOR BIOMETRIC VOTING
SYSTEM” in the year 2017 by the authors Pavan Yejare, Sandesh Powar, Shankar
Bhakari, Avadhut Pawale, Santosh Chanveer, Palkar P M proposed proposed system
consists of five major modules making the proposed system more robust and
modularized to achieve the goal of the system. It consists of Biometric Module, EVM
Module, Cloud Database, GPS Module and Raspberry Module.

9.In the Journal ” IOT BASED E-VOTING SYSTEM” in the year 2017 by the
authors Prof. Swati Gawhale, Vishal Mulik, Pooja Patil , Nilisha Raut.The proposed
system works on principle of “A person can vote from any part/place of the country, to
his/her native place where the actual voting is going on, over the internet.” A novel
study has also been done about current system and all the previous system which were
used by our ECI (Election commission of India). Also other system which are used in
other countries like United States of America (Electoral College System), United
Kingdom (Ballot Paper System), France (EVM), China (Hierarchical Electoral System),
Online Voting System by Elections Online (US). Finally after going through all this we
planned to design system which will work online using Unique Identification Number
of Voter. All the data of this voter is already saved in the raspberry Pi based server.
Only after whole authorization and authentication from the system the voter will be able
to give his/her vote and he/she is not allowed to revote again.

10.In the Journal ” IOT BASED FINGERPRINT VOTING SYSTEM” in the year
2018 by the authors Obulesu1, A. Hari, P N Manish ,Preethi proposed system they
incorporated the fingerprint module and by using this system, before election we are
going to register the fingerprint of the every voter and at the time of voting one must
show his finger at the fingerprint module to cast his vote. Since finger print was unique
for every person and there is no chance of rigging and once the fingerprint was matched
then only the person can able to cast his vote.

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 CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

POWER
NODEMCU WEB
SUPPLY SERVER

FINGER NODEMCU
PRINT
ARDUINO MEGA

SWITCH BUZZER
ARRAY

TFT
DISPLAY

Figure 3.1 Block Diagram of the system

It shows the system architecture of iVM. A fingerprint sensor will be used for the
biometric identification process of the proposed system. TFT display will be used to
show candidate list, and which button to press to vote for a specific candidate. A

6
NodeMCU will be used to send votes to the SQL server. Buzzers will be used to
generate different types of alert sounds at different situations.

3.2 FINGERPRINT SENSOR

The module performs series of functions like fingerprint enrolment, image processing,
fingerprint matching, searching and template storage. There is a high powered DSP chip
in the module that does the image rendering, calculation, feature-finding and searching.
This module can be connected to any microcontroller or system with TTL serial, and
send packets of data to take photos, detect prints, hash and search. This module can be
used to enroll new fingers directly and up to 162 finger prints can be stored in the on
board FLASH memory. There is a red or green LED in the lens that lights up only
during a scanning process.

Figure 3.2 Finger Print Sensor

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3.3 NODEMCU

NodeMCU is an open source IoT platform.It includes firmware which runs on

the ESP8266 Wi-Fi SoC from Espressif Systems, and hardware which is based on the
ESP-12 module.The term "NodeMCU" by default refers to the firmware rather than the
development kits. The firmware uses the Lua scripting language. It is based on the eLua
project, and built on the Espressif Non-OS SDK for ESP8266. It uses many open source
projects, such as lua-cjson, and spiffs.

Figure 3.3 NodeMCU

3.4 TFT DISPLAY

A thin-film transistor (TFT) is a special kind of field-effect transistor

made by depositing thin films of an active semiconductor layer as well as the dielectric
layer and metallic contacts over a supporting (but non-conducting) substrate. A
common substrate is glass, because the primary application of TFTs is in liquid-crystal
displays (LCDs). This differs from the conventional transistor, where the semiconductor
material typically is the substrate, such as a silicon wafer.

8
3.5 SD CARD READER

The communication between the microcontroller and the SD card uses

SPI, which takes place on digital pins 11, 12, and 13 (on most Arduino boards) or 50,
51, and 52 (Arduino Mega). Additionally, another pin must be used to select the SD
card. This can be the hardware SS pin - pin 10 (on most Arduino boards) or pin 53 (on
the Mega) - or another pin specified in the call to SD.begin().

Figure 3.4 SD Card Reader

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3.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Table 3.6 Technical Specification
S.No Components
1 Fingerprint Module
2 Node MCU
3 SD Card Module
4 TFT Display
5 Arduino MEGA
10
Specifications
Supply voltage: 3.6 - 6.0VDC
Operating current: 120mA max
Peak current: 150mA max
Fingerprint imaging time: <1.0
seconds
1 x Analog input (1.0V max)
9 x GPIO (3.3V logic)
2 x 3-6V power inputs, reset
3.3V output
Operating voltage: 5v
Operating current: 350mA
Baud rate: 890MHz
Operating voltage 1.8 V to 6 V
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage 7-12V
Input Voltage 6-20V
3.7 FLOW CHART OF THE SYSTEM

Fig 3.8 Flow chart of the system

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 CHAPTER 4

COST REPORT

4.1 COST REPORT FOR IOT BASED VOTING MACHINE

Table 4.1 Cost Report

S.No Components Quantity Cost

1. Arduino mega 1 Rs.840

2. Node MCU module 1 Rs.370

3. TFT display 1 Rs.540

4. Fingerprint Module 1 Rs.1900

5. Switches 10 Rs.20

6. Jumpers 120 Rs.230

7. Buzzer 1 Rs.25

8. Bread Board 1 Rs.70

9. SD Card Module 1 Rs.200

10. Speaker 1 Rs.100

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 CHAPTER 5

ARDUINO

An Arduino is an open source hardware platform with built in programming

support. No additional hardware or software (e.g. Hex burner) is required to transfer
your programs (i.e. hex file) to the Arduin0. There are all the necessary peripherals
attached for the basic operation. It is based on simple AVR microcontrollers .

Arduino coding has two major blocks. One of them is called void setup and the
other one is void loop. In void setup, we define that which pin should be input and
output. It is used to initialize variables and start using libraries. Second block of the
code is void loop. It contains all the code and logics placed within the brackets using c
program (it will repeat endlessly).

Figure 5.1 Arduino Mega

5.1 ARDUINO PROGRAMMING

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware

and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a
button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on
an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a
set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino

13
programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based
on Processing. Arduino was born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as an easy tool
for fast prototyping, aimed at students without a background in electronics and
programming. As soon as it reached a wider community, the Arduino board started
changing to adapt to new needs and challenges, differentiating its offer from simple 8-
bit boards to products for IoT applications, wearable, 3D printing, and embedded
environments. All Arduino boards are completely open-source, empowering users to
build them independently and eventually adapt them to their particular needs.
The software, too, is open-source, and it is growing through the contributions of users
worldwide. The Arduino software is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for
advanced users. It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux. Teachers and students use it to
build low cost scientific instruments, to prove chemistry and physics principles, or to
get started with programming and robotics.

5.2 CODE COMPILING

The Arduino project provides the Arduino integrated development

environment (IDE), which is a cross-platform application written in the programming
language Java. It originated from the IDE for the languages Processing and Wiring. It
includes a code editor with features such as text cutting and pasting, searching and
replacing text, automatic indenting, brace matching, and syntax highlighting, and
provides simple one-click mechanisms to compile and upload programs to an Arduino
board. It also contains a message area, a text console, a toolbar with buttons for
common functions and a hierarchy of operation menus.

A program written with the IDE for Arduino is called a sketch. Sketches are
saved on the development computer as text files with the file extension .ino. Arduino
Software (IDE) pre-1.0 saved sketches with the extension .pde.

14
 The Arduino IDE supports the languages C and C++ using special rules of code
structuring. The Arduino IDE supplies a software library from the Wiring project,
which provides many common input and output procedures. User-written code only
requires two basic functions, for starting the sketch and the main program loop, that are
compiled and linked with a program stub main() into an executable cyclic
executive program with the GNU toolchain, also included with the IDE distribution.

5.3 TFT INTERFACING

The Arduino TFT library extends the Adafruit GFX, and Adafruit ST7735 libraries that
it is based on. The GFX library is responsible for the drawing routines, while the
ST7735 library is specific to the screen on the Arduino screen. The Arduino specific
additions were designed to work as similarly to the Processing API as possible. The
TFT library relies on the SPI library, which must be included in any sketch that uses the
scree. If you wish to use the SD card, you need to include the SD library as well.

Figure 5.2 Thin Film Transistore (TFT) with Arduino

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5.4 NODEMCU INTERFACING

NodeMCU is great for connecting cloud and arduino is great at talking with different
sensors. nodemcu has only one analog pin. In this blog, we will see how to connect
arduino to nodemcu and post data to a mqtt broker. Arduino will take temperature
readings and send the readings to nodemcu over serial connection. Nodemcu will send a
mqtt message for every reading it receives. If you have just one sensor to monitor you
can directly use the analog input available on nodemcu, see this blog on how to use the
analog pin of nodemcu.

On Arduino side, we will take sample periodically and send a JSON message over soft
serial to nodemcu. Please note that Arduino uno works on 5v and nodemcu works 3v3
level. So you should use a level shifter to connect arduino soft serial pins to the
nodemcu uart port.

Figure 5.3 NODEMCU module with Arduino

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 CHAPTER 6

WEB DESIGN

Microsoft Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) from

Microsoft. It is used to develop computer programs, as well as websites, web apps, web
services and mobile apps. Visual Studio uses Microsoft software development platforms
such as Windows API, Windows Forms, Windows Presentation Foundation, Windows
Store and Microsoft Silverlight. It can produce both native code and managed code.

6.1 ASP.NET

ASP.NET is an open-source server-side web application framework designed for web

development to produce dynamic web pages. It was developed by Microsoft to allow
programmers to build dynamic web sites, web applications and web services.

It was first released in January 2002 with version 1.0 of the .NET Framework, and is the
successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology. ASP.NET is built on
the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code
using any supported .NET language. The ASP.NET SOAP extension framework allows
ASP.NET components to process SOAP messages.

Figure 6.1 Visual Studio Software

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ASP.NET's successor is ASP.NET Core. It is a re-implementation of ASP.NET as a
modular web framework, together with other frameworks like Entity Framework. The
new framework uses the new open-source .NET Compiler Platform (codename
"Roslyn") and is cross platform. ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Web API, and ASP.NET
Web Pages (a platform using only Razor pages) have merged into a unified MVC 6.

6.2 C#

During the development of the .NET Framework, the class libraries were originally
written using a managed code compiler system called Simple Managed C (SMC).In
January 1999, Anders Hejlsberg formed a team to build a new language at the time
called Cool, which stood for "C-like Object Oriented Language". Microsoft had
considered keeping the name "Cool" as the final name of the language, but chose not to
do so for trademark reasons. By the time the .NET project was publicly announced at
the July 2000 Professional Developers Conference, the language had been renamed C#,
and the class libraries and ASP.NET runtime had been ported to C#.

6.3 phpMyAdmin

phpMyAdmin is one of the most popular applications for MySQL database

management. It is a free tool written in PHP. Through this software you can create,
alter, drop, delete, import and export MySQL database tables. You can run MySQL
queries, optimize, repair and check tables, change collation and execute other database
management commands.

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 Figure 6.2 phpMyAdmin Software

6.4 MySQL

MySQL is written in C and C++. Its SQL parser is written in yacc, but it
uses a home-brewed lexical analyzer. MySQL works on many system
platforms, including AIX, BSDi, FreeBSD, HP-UX, eComStation, i5/OS,
IRIX, Linux, macOS, Microsoft Windows, NetBSD, Novell NetWare,
OpenBSD, OpenSolaris, OS/2 Warp, QNX, Oracle Solaris, Symbian,
SunOS, SCO OpenServer, SCO UnixWare, Sanos and Tru64.

Figure 6.3 phpMyAdmin Database View

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 CHAPTER 7

PROS AND CONS

7.1 ADVANTAGES

• IoT based voting has biometric verification instead of indelible ink.

• The system has increased user interface.
• Not Easily hackable.
• The system is fully server based and it’s reduces man power and time.
• This system is integrated with speaker to act as a voice assistant.
• Encryption and Decryption is random key generation.
• It has Low power consumption system

7.2 LIMITATION

• Internet is required for whole process.

• Vulnerable to SQL Injection.
• Need skillful operator.

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 CHAPTER 8

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

8.1 CONCLUSION

This system overcomes all the drawback of ordinary voting system such as
rigging, fraud votes, and voter authentication mistakes. Fingerprints of every person is
unique and hence this system completely reduces the chance of invalidate vote. Illiterate
people can also use this system more friendlily. The system is used for long distance
voting. The system increases number of vote count and it saves time, money, extra
efforts to reach to polling booth. System gives high data security, so illegal activities
can be stopped. No any manipulation in voters details or final vote count will be done.
Displaying of result will be easy and quick. We are grabbing the future technology.

8.2 FUTURE IMPLEMENTATION

In Future work, an exhaustive research about the e-voting should be done. It

aimed to analyze the new technology for reliable transmission which improves the
efficiency of the voting system. It includes some new algorithm for enhancing the
system and its services. We can further extend this project to such a state that Voter can
do his voting even from his own mobile phone or PC or Laptop. All kind of security
aspects are kept in mind and then that system will be developed. We know it is difficult
as in some villages there are lot of basic problems, but we can make some hybrid
system for them as well. All these efforts are only for better tomorrow.

21
CHAPTER 10
APPENDIX

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 CHAPTER 11
REFERENCES
1. Ms. Nithya.S, Mr.Ashwin.C, Mr.Karthikeyan.C, Mr.Ajith kumar.M “Advanced Secure
Voting System with IoT ”, International journal of innovative research in electrical
instrumentation and control engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 3,2016,pp.16029-16032.

2. Lect. Burcu Bektaş, Prof. Dr. Erdoğan Köse, “Arduino And Php Based Electronic
Voting System Design And Implementation”, International Journal of Scientific &
Engineering Research, Vol.5, Issue 5,2017,ISSN. 2146-7463 2146-746

3. D. Krishna, “Aadhar Based Electronic Voting System and Providing Authentication”

International journal of engineering and advanced technology, ISSN:2250-
3676,Vol.4,Issue 2,2013,pp.237-240.

4. Deepak Rasaily,Jigmee Sherpa, Yashal Dorzee Lepcha, “Design of Electronic Voting

Machine using Microcontroller”, International Journal of Engineering Trends and
Technology, ISSN: 2231,Vol-32 issue 5,2016,pp.277-278.

5. Deepika, Iswarya, Rathna Prabha, Trini Xavier, “A Survey on E-Voting System Using
Arduino Software” International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics
and Instrumentation Engineering (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 5, Issue
2, February 2016, pp.687-690.

6. Diponkar Paul, Sobuj Kumar Ray, “A Preview on Microcontroller Based Electronic

Voting Machine”, International Journal of Information and Electronics Engineering, Vol.
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