TYPES OF ELEVATORS

PASSENGER ELEVATORS
❑ A passenger elevator is designed to move people
between a building's floors.
❑ Passenger elevators capacity is related to the
available floor space. Generally passenger
elevators are available in capacities from 1,000 to
6,000 pounds (450–2,700 kg).
❑ Generally passenger elevators in buildings eight
floors or less are hydraulic or electric, which can
reach speeds up to 200  /min (1.0 m/s) hydraulic
and up to 500  /min electric.
❑ In buildings up to ten floors, electric and gearless
elevators are likely to have speeds up to 500  /
min (2.5 m/s), and above ten floors speeds begin
at 500  /min (2.5 m/s) up to 2000  /min (10 m/s).
 SERVICE/HOSPITAL ELEVATORS
❑ Hospital elevators are distinguished by wider
doors and larger platform sizes to allow
faster, more secure transport of people and
equipment.
❑ Because of their size and depth, these
elevators are practical for use as service
elevators in office buildings and hotels.
❑ Designed to comply with ADA and Canada
barrier-free requirements, they offer the
flexibility and safety required for use in
hospitals.
❑ From simple transportation of a patient on
wheelchair to wheeling away a critical
patient on bed without disturbing his life
 DIMENSIONS : -

For Hospital elevators we recommend a size

of 1600 mm x 2400 mm to ensure easy
movement of beds and equipments .
❑ The suggested speeds are 0.40 mts . per
second for hospitals having two floors and 2.5
mts . per second for multi storied hospitals.
❑ Special cars are designed to cut off unwanted
noise and door hangers are cushioned with
rubber tyres to add silence to the operations.
 FREIGHT ELEVATORS
❑ A freight elevator, or goods li , is an elevator
designed to carry goods, rather than passengers.
❑ Freight elevators are generally required to
display a written notice in the car that the use by
passengers is prohibited (though not necessarily
illegal), though certain freight elevators allow
dual use through the use of an inconspicuous
riser.
❑ Freight elevators are typically larger and capable
of carrying heavier loads than a passenger
elevator, generally from 2,300 to 4,500 kg.
❑ Freight elevators may have manually operated
doors, and o en have rugged interior finishes to
prevent damage while loading and unloading.
❑ Although hydraulic freight elevators exist,
 SERVICE ELEVATORS
❑ An elevator for carrying large or heavy items,
or for the use of service people.
❑ These types of elevators are usually designed
with rugged interiors and are intended to
carry both passengers as well as freight.  
❑   These are meant specially for industrial
Purpose .
❑ Goods li s are of course made sturdy and
rugged provided no willful damage is done to
it.
❑ We have design goods li s for weight up to
5000 kgs.
❑ The size and capacity of the li s can be as per
required by the client.
  Some examples of service li use include:
❑ Documents li in offices and banks
❑ Books li in libraries and bookshops
❑ Instruments li in clinics and hospitals
❑ Dumbwaiter in bars, cafes, restaurants and
private homes.
 HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS
Direct plunger: A car is connected to the top of
a single section piston, that moves up and
down in a cylinder, which is below ground
level.
❑ The car moves up when hydraulic fluid is
pumped into the cylinder from a reservoir,
raising the piston.
❑ Hydraulic systems are used primarily in low-
rise installations where moderate car speed is
required, up to 150 feet per minute.
❑ The typical extent of travel is 40 feet (12192
mm), do not exceed a maximum travel length
 Holeless: The car is connected on each side
with a single section piston that moves up and
down in a cylinder, which is mounted on top
of the pit floor.
❑ The car moves up when hydraulic fluid is
pumped into the cylinder from a reservoir,
raising the piston.
❑ Car speed up to 125 feet per minute (38.1
meters per minute) is attained and maximum
travel length is 12 feet (3658 mm).
Roped: The car is supported by steel hoist
ropes and sheave, which are moved up and
down by a hole less single section piston in a
cylinder.
❑ Car speed up to 150 feet per minute is
 ELECTRIC TRACTION
Geared: The car is supported in a hoist way by
steel hoist ropes, a sheave, and a
counterweight. The car and counterweight
ride along vertical guide rails.
❑ In a geared machine, the drive sheave is
connected to the motor sha through gears
in a gearbox.
❑ This equipment is designed for mid-rise
applications of five or more floors requiring
typical speeds up to 350 feet per minute.
Gearless: The car is supported in a hoist way
by steel hoist ropes, sheaves, and a
counterweight.
❑ The gearless machine has a motor that
connects directly to the sha of the drive
sheave.
❑ The equipment is designed for high-rise
applications of 10 or more floors requiring
typical speeds of 500 or more feet per minute.
❑ Hydraulic and electric traction elevators utilize
controllers to coordinate systems and
passenger calls.
These elevators utilize either of these two types
of controllers:
❑ a. Microprocessor: Computer logic control is
the standard for both electric traction and
hydraulic elevators.
❑ b. Relay logic: Mechanical electro-magnetic
01-MACHINE
ROOM
02-MOTOR
03-SHEAVE
04-COUNTER
WEIGHT
05-GUIDE RAILS
 DOUBLE-DECK ELEVATOR
❑ Double-deck elevators are designed with
two elevator cars that are attached, one on top
of the other.
❑ This allows passengers on two consecutive
floors to be able to use the elevator
simultaneously, significantly increasing the
passenger capacity of an elevator sha .
❑ Such a scheme can prove efficient in
buildings where the volume of traffic would
normally have a single elevator stopping at
every floor.
❑  An example, a passenger may board one
elevator (which serves only odd-numbered
 SKY LOBBY
❑ A sky lobby is an intermediate floor where people
can change from an express elevator that stops
only at the sky lobby to a local elevator which
stops at every floor within a segment of the
building.
❑ When designing very tall (supertall) buildings
supplying enough elevators is a problem –
travellers wanting to reach a specific higher floor
may conceivably have to stop at a very large
number of other floors on the way up to let other
passengers off and on.
❑ This increases travel time, and indirectly requires
many more elevator sha s to still allow acceptable
travel times – thus reducing effective floor space
on each floor for all levels.