Dynamics of Machines

UNIT 1- BALANCING OF ROTATING MASSES

15x2 Marks Questions

1. What is meant by balancing? (1.1)
2. What is the need for balancing of rotating masses? (1.1)
3. What are the conditions for a body to be completely balanced? ((1.1)
4. Explain the terms static balancing and dynamic balancing. (1.2, 1.4)
5. State the expression to find the balanced force and angle of the balanced mass in case
of static balancing. (1.2)
6. Define reference plane. (1.4)
7. Differentiate between Static Balance and Dynamic balance (1.2, 1.4)
8. A shaft is in static balance when______ (1.2)
9. A shaft is in Dynamic balance when _____ (1.4)
10. Define the expression for a dynamically balanced system. (1.4)
11. Explain the difference between static and dynamic balancing. (1.2, 1.4)
12. Why is a reference plane required in dynamic balancing ? (1.4)
13. Give an expression for finding the resultant couple acting on an unbalanced rotating
shaft for a dynamically balanced system. (1.4)
14. Explain transfer of force from one plane to another. (1.3)
15. Why is balancing of forces on a shaft necessary? (1.1)

10x20 marks Questions

1. A shaft carries four masses A,B,C and D of magnitude 200kg, 300kg 240kg and 260kgs
respectively. The corresponding radii of rotation are 0.2m, 0.15m, 0.25m and 0.3m
respectively and the angles between successive masses are at 45, 75 and 135 degrees.
Find the position and magnitude of the balance mass required, if its radius of rotation is
0.2m. Solve the problem using both analytical and graphical method. (1.2)
2. Four masses A,B,C and D are attached to a shaft and revolve in the same plane. The
masses are at 12kg, 10kg, 18kg and 15kg respectively and their radii of rotations are at
40mm, 50mm, 60mm and 30mm. the angular position of masses B,C and D are 60, 130
and 270 from the mass A. find the magnitude and position of balancing mass at a radius
of 100mm using both analytical and graphical method. (1.2)
3. A circular disc mounted on a shaft carries 3 attached masses 4kg, 3kg and 2.5kg at a
radial distance of 75mm, 85mm and 50mm and at angular positions of 45, 135 and 240
 respectively. The angular positions are measured counter-clockwise from reference line
along x-axis. Determine the amount of counter mass at a radial distance of 75mm
required for static balance. Solve using both analytical and graphical method and
compare results. (1.2)
4. Four masses m1, m2, m3 and m4 are attached to a shaft and revolve in the same plane.
The masses are 10kg, 12kg, 15kg and 20kg respectively and their radii of rotations are at
40mm, 50mm, 30mm and 20mm. the angular position of masses m2,m3 and m4 are 60o,
130o and 270o from the mass m1. Find the radius of rotation and position of balancing
mass for the following balancing masses a) 8kgs b) 18kgs and c) 22kgs usingany one of
the methods. (1.2)
5. The rotor has the following properties:
M1= 3kg r1= 30mm θ1=30o
M2= 4kg r2= 20mm θ2=120o
M3= 2kg r3= 25mm θ3=270o
Find the amount of counter mass of a radial distance of a) 30mm and b) 35mm c) 40mm
for static balance using any one of the methods. (1.2)
6. A shaft carries four masses A,B,C and D of magnitude 200kg, 300kg, 400kg and 200kg
respectively at radii 80mm, 70mm, 60mm and 80mm in planes measured from A at
300mm, 400mm and 700mm. Angles between the cranks measure anticlockwise are A
to B 45, B to C 70 and C to D 120. The balancing masses are to be placed in planes X and
Y. the distance between the planes A and X is 100mm, between X and Y is 400mm and
between y and D is 200mm. if the balancing masses revolve at a radius of 100mm, find
their magnitudes and angular positions. (1.4)
7. A,B,C and D are 4 masses carried by a rotating shaft at radii 100, 125, 200 and 150mm
respectively. The planes in which the masses revolve are spaced 600mm apart and mass
B,C and D are 10kg, 5kg and 4 kg respectively. Find the required mass A and relative
angular setting of four masses so that the shaft shall be in complete balance. (1.4)
8. A rotating shaft carries 3 unbalanced masses 4kg, 3kg and 2.5kg at radial distances
75mm, 85mm and 50mm and at an angular position of 45, 135 and 240 o respectively.
The second and third masses are in the planes at 200mm and 375mm from the plane of
the first mass. The angular position are measured counter-clockwise from the reference
line along the x-axis and viewing the shaft from the first mass end. The shaft length is
800mm between bearings and the distance between plane of the first mass and the
bearing at that end is 225mm. Determine the amount of counter mass in planes at
75mm from the bearing for complete balance of the shaft. The first counter mass is to
be in the plane between first mass and the bearing and the second mass in a plane
between the third mass and the bearing at that end. (1.4)
9. A shaft supported in bearings 1.6m apart, projects 400mm beyond bearings at each end.
It carries 3 pulleys one at each end and one at the center of its length. The masses of the
end pulley are at 40kg and 22kg and their center of mass are at 12mm and 18mm
respectively from the shaft axis. The mass of the center pulley is 38kg and its center of
mass is 15mm from the shaft axis. The pulleys are arranged in a manner that they give
static balance. Determine
a. The relative angular position of the pulley
b. The dynamic forces developed on the bearings when the shaft rotates at 210rpm
(1.4)
10. Four masses A, B, C, D are completely balanced. Masses C and D make angles of 90 o and
195o respectively with that of mass B in the counter-clockwise direction. The rotating
masses have following properties:
Mb=25kg, Mc= 40kg, Md=35kg, ra=150mm, rb=200mm, rc= 100mm and rd=180mm. Planes
B and C are 250mm apart. Determine-
a. The mass A and its angular position with that of mass B
b. The positions of all the planes relative to plane of mass A
(1.4)

Prepared By : D.D.Thomas