Quintus (praenomen)

Quintus (Latin pronunciation: [ˈkᶣiːntʊs]) is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was common
throughout all periods of Roman history. It was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and gave
rise to the patronymic gentes Quinctia and Quinctilia. The feminine form is Quinta. The name was
regularly abbreviated Q.[1][2]

Throughout Roman history, Quintus was one of the most common praenomina, generally occupying
fourth or fifth place, behind Lucius, Gaius, and Marcus, and occurring about as frequently as Publius.
Although many families did not use the name at all, it was particularly favored by others. The name
continued to be used after the collapse of Roman civil institutions in the fifth and sixth centuries, and has
survived to the present day.[1][3]

Origin and meaning

Quintus is the Latin word for "fifth", and it falls into a class of similar praenomina including the
masculine names Sextus, Septimus, Octavius, Nonus, and Decimus, as well as the feminine names Prima,
Secunda, Tertia, Quarta, Sexta, Septima, Octavia, Nona, and Decima. It is generally believed that the
name was originally given to a fifth child, a fifth son, or a fifth daughter. However, it has also been
argued that Quintus and the other praenomina of this type could refer to the month of the year in which a
child was born. It may be that such names were given for both reasons.[4][5]

Whatever the original reason that the name was given, parents were free to use it for any reason of their
choosing. The primary consideration seems to have been the desire to pass on family names. Thus, the
first son in a family was almost as likely as the fifth to be named Quintus.[4]

The Oscan cognate of Quintus was Pompo,[Note 1] a name best known from the father of Numa
Pompilius, the second king of Rome. The gentes Pompilia and Pomponia (both of which claimed descent
from Numa Pompilius) were derived from this praenomen. The nomen Pompeius may also be a
patronymic based on the name Pompo.[1][3]

Notes
1. The Proto-Italic q sound remained q in Latin but became p in Oscan.

References
1. Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & Mythology
2. Mika Kajava, Roman Female Praenomina: Studies in the Nomenclature of Roman Women
(1994)
3. Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft
4. George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in Harvard Studies in Classical
Philology, vol. VIII (1897)
5. Oxford Classical Dictionary, 3rd Ed. (1996)

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This page was last edited on 21 October 2019, at 10:37 (UTC).

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