Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PLANT LAYOUT
Guided by:-
Mr. Mohammad Umar
SUBMITTED BY:
Sakshi Chaudhary ,
Varsha Kundi
Yashika
Venya
BFT
ACKNOWLEGMENT
I would like to express our special thanks to our parents and friends who gave
us their time and support.
THANK YOU
PRODUCT
VERIFICATION:-
“ JUMP-SUIT “
“BOM –SHEET”
Q. Iron 26.42 11
COLOUR DETAILS :-
ZIP DTM
A. Production Related
• Fabric Stores
• Sewing Section
• Finishing Section
• Merchandising Department
• Quality Department
• CAD Section
• IE Department
• Maintenance
• Warehouse
• Accounts Department
• HR Department
• Medical Room
• Training Department
• Conference Room
• Reception
• Security Room
• Toilets
• Parking
Need of the study: Designing an efficient layout helps a lot in reducing the
time taken by the material to travel in the department.
The design of a process plant is a complex activity that will usually involve many
different disciplines over a considerable period of time.
The design may also go through many stages from the original research and
development phases, through conceptual design, detailed process design and
onto detailed engineering design and equipment selection.
Many varied and complex factors including safety, health, the environment,
economic and technical issues may have to be considered before the design is
finalized.
At each stage it is important that the personnel involved have the correct
combination of technical competencies and experience in order to ensure that all
aspects of the design process are being adequately addressed.
The process design will often be an iterative process with many different
options being investigated and tested before a process is selected. In many
occasions a number of different options may be available and final selection may
depend upon a range of factors. Factors considered for layout construction
a) Sales forecast
b) Quantity to be produced
c) Production schedule
d) Inventory policy
e) Production
f) Operations to be performed
h) Scrap percentages
2. Analyze the basic data Above data is analyzed by the designer to determine
the desired interrelationships and then preparing for subsequent planning steps.
Assembly charts give a quick and early glimpse of the possible flow of materials.
3. Design the production process The next is to decide how the raw material
would be converted to final part or product. Herein the production engineer
designs an OPERATION SHEET or PRODUCTION ROUTING, which is the tabulation
of the steps involved in the production of a particular part and necessary details
on related items. Information on routing may include: i. Part names and number
ii. Operation numbers and sequence iii. Operations name and descriptions iv.
Machine names and numbers v. Production standards vi. Number of operators vii.
Space requirements viii. Material With the above information along with the
Assembly chart, an OPERATION PROCESS CHART is constructed, which provides a
better impression of the potential material flow pattern.
4. Plan material flow pattern Overall material flow pattern must be carefully
designed to assure minimum movement and expeditious interrelation of the
several components –part flow paths. Assembly chart and production routing
along with data on quantity and frequency of material movement, a preliminary
material flow pattern should be developed, which is then worked upon keeping in
mind the factors affecting material flow to reach to a finalized pattern of flow of
material in a particular unit. Flexibility for future expansion or any changes 5.
Consider general material handling plan
The material handling system converts the static flow pattern into a dynamic
flow of material through the plant
Detailed handling methods should only after individual work stations have been
planned. 6. Calculate the equipment requirements
Any layout is incomplete w/o estimation of how many pieces of each type of
equipment (manufacturing, service and auxiliary) will be required.
If final decisions regarding above , have not been made, at least an estimation
should be available.
At this point, each operation , work station , area , process etc. must be planned
in detail.
Each workstation must be tied into the overall flow pattern and flow through
each work station must be planned as an integral part of the overall plan. 8. Select
the specific material handling equipment Specific methods of material handling
must be decided upon for each move of material or item. Many factors need to
need to be considered in the selection of handling methods. 9. Coordinate the
group of related operations Once the workplaces have been designed,
interrelationships between the work areas, related group of operations or
activities should also be planned. LAYOUT PLANNING CHART is a useful technique
at this point.
Plans should now be crystallized in terms of storage of raw material, WIP and
finished products.
Square foot and cubic foot requirements should be calculated , with thought
also given to the location of the storage areas in the layout.
A look at the plant service area planning sheet shows the complexity of this step
. Depending on the size of the plant all of the service activities must be carefully
studied, in order to determine which are needed
. Later, during the space planning and final design aspects of the planning, the
details of many of these service activities must be worked out.
At this stage, a preliminary estimate of the total space required for each activity
in the facility can be made and cumulatively, designer can arrive at a first estimate
of the total area.
Production space needs are estimated with the aid of a production space
requirement sheet.
Space determinations made at this stage are estimates. So these are on a little
higher side to ensure there is sufficient area. Only the final layout will show
accurately the total space needs.
The total space requirement work sheet provides for an area template for each
activity listed
Then an Area Allocation Diagram can be made based on the above, which
depicts the inter-relationships between the internal flow of materials and the
external flow-by means of various transportation modes.
It will also depicts the relationship w/ surrounding facilities e.g. power plant,
parking areas, storage places and adjacent buildings. A preliminary layout has
now been established.
15. Consider building types Building type, construction, shape and number of
floors should be considered. Building usually comes after the layout. The layout
should never be squeezed into or altered to fit into a building, if it can be avoided
by designing a layout first. As imp a building might seem to be, it is the layout that
forms the basis for the efficient operation of an enterprise.
16. Construct the master layout This step is the culmination of the detailed work
and planning done in the preceding steps. Final Layout is prepared using
templates, tapes, etc. to a scale e.g. ¼” = 1 ft. Two dimensional or three
dimensional models are prepared.
17. Evaluate, adjust and check the layout with appropriate personnel No matter
how carefully or scientifically previous steps have been carried out, there are
always personal and judgmental factors to be considered. Facility designer and his
associates should check over their work at this stage before submitting it for
approval. Preliminary checks might also be made with others who have
contributed in designing the layout (production, methods, and personnel safety).
18. Obtain approvals In the final stages , the layout must be formally approved by
certain plant officials, depending on plant facilities and procedures
. 19. Install layout A layout designer should carefully supervise the necessary work
involved in the installation of the layout to make sure all work is done according
to the plans in the approved layout. Any changes, if desired, should be carefully
investigated and approved by the concerned authorities.
20. Follow up on implementation of layout Just because layout has been installed
as planned, there is no guarantee that will work as planned. No plant layout is
100% perfect and layout designer must continually take note of how the layout is
affecting the production operations. Scope should be improvement must always
be kept and incorporated if found desirable. 1. Procure basic data 2. Analysis Of
Basic Data a. Product Information b. Tech – Pack c. Factory Information
i. Foundation
ii. Location
v. Production standards
viii. Material.
• Transfer of cut parts to parts section: The cut parts are transferred to the parts
section through a vertical trolley system. The cut parts would be lifted by the help
of a trolley to the parts section from where it would be fed to the respective lines.
In the parts section, material is handled via bins, or racks as per requirement
Bundles are assembled in the cutting room where cut parts are matched up with
corresponding parts and bundle tickets.
The sewing operations are laid out in sequence . Each operator receives a
bundle , does his work , re-ties the bundle and passes it to the next operator .
There is usually a storage facility such as rack, bin or table for storing the
interprocess work between each operation. The work is routed by means of
tickets
This system may allow better utilization of specialized machines, as output from
one special purpose automated machine may be able to supply several operators
for the next operation
1. Material Characteristics
2. Move Requirements
3. Method (Equipment)
Capabilities There are various kinds of equipments available for material handling.
Since the type of equipment will materially affect the layout, the layout planner
should be familiar with the characteristics and capabilities of each type. Usually
the best, most economical and most efficient handling is accomplished by an
integration of different types of handling equipments. For the selection of specific
material handling equipments following points should be checked: Cost of the
equipment delivered and installed complete with power and fuel facilities Cost
of operation Cost of maintenance Ability to do a specific job Safety aspect of
material and operator Effect on working conditions Dependability of
performance A sound approach to the problem of selecting the most suitable
material handling system for a plant layout must take into consideration not only
the engineering aspects of the handling system but also the economic appraisal of
the various material handling systems that lend themselves to the job to be
performed. A) Storage and handling equipment Storage and handling equipment
is a category within the material handling industry. The equipment that falls
under this description is usually non-automated storage equipment. Products
such as Pallet rack, shelving, carts, etc. belong to storage and handling. Selective
pallet rack is an example of storage and handling equipment. B) Engineered
systems Engineered systems are typically custom engineered material handling
systems. Conveyors, Handling Robots, AS/RS, AGV and most other automated
material handling systems fall into this category. Engineered systems are often a
combination of products integrated to one system. Many distribution centers will
optimize storage and picking by utilizing engineered systems such as pick modules
and sortation systems. Equipment and utensils used for processing or otherwise
handling edible product or ingredients must be of such material and construction
to facilitate thorough cleaning and to ensure that their use will not cause the
adulteration of product during processing, handling, or storage. Equipment and
utensils must be maintained in sanitary condition so as not to adulterate product.
C) Industrial trucks Industrial trucks usually refer to operator driven motorized
warehouse vehicles, powered manually, by gasoline, propane or electrically.
Industrial trucks assist the material handling system with versatility; they can go
where engineered systems cannot. Forklift trucks are the most common example
of industrial trucks but certainly aren't the extent of the category. Tow tractors
and stock chasers are additional examples of industrial trucks. D) Bulk material
handling Bulk material handling equipment is used to move and store bulk
materials such as ore, liquids, and cereals. This equipment is often seen on farms,
mines, shipyards and refineries Different types of material handling equipment
can be: Trolleys, Bins, Pallet, Guides, Conveyor, Fork Lifters, Pallet Truck, Order
Pickers, Manual handling system etc.
We are here discussing the equipments our company uses :- Features and
Benefits of Industrial Trolleys
Powder coated with durable non-slip industrial quality vinyl mats or lipped
metal surfaces
Hand Trucks
Panel Carts
Plastic Containers
Ladders
Features like bin dividers, louvered panels, shop floor trolleys and rotary
stands are also available.
ASSUMPTIONS
Main aisle = 1 m
Roof Height = 15 m
Roll Data:
Roll weight = 25 Kg
Pallet Data:
Wooden Pallet Weight = 20 Kg
Length = 62 inches
Width = 62 inches
Height = 5 inches
Conclusions
• Max rack height = 7 m = 23 feet = 275 inches (But 7.5 m height racks to be made, so
• In the single block of a rack, 1 pallet needs to be stored. Total blocks required
= Number of pallets
• Total no of columns= 50
• In a row, we will have 10 such columns.
• Total no of racks = 5
• Dimension of a carton = 60 cm x 40 cm x 30
Roof Height = 8 m
• Aisle space between 2 racks would be 2 m for the movement of fork lifter.
Pallet Dimensions:
• Racks dimension:
• Length = 1.8m
• Width = 0.8m
• Height = 1.0m
DEPARTMENT DESCRIPTION:
HR Department 700 4
Reception 100 1
Quality 200 9
Planning 200 2
Meeting 100 -
Finishing 1350 27
Washing 375 7
Warehouse 983 5
Crèche 225 1
Dispensary 150 1
Kitchen 80 1
Sampling 720 13
Training 630 3
2 HR Persons
1 Helper
Table 1 4*3 12
Chair 7 1*1 7
Almirah 4 3.5*3 42
162
Ft)
System 3 - -
Printer 1 - -
State
9
General Admin
CEO Cabin of dimension 20*10=200 Sq Ft
(Sq Ft)
Table 1 4*3 12
Chair 3 1*1 3
System 1 - -
15
Export Import Department
(Sq Ft)
Table 2 4*3 24
Chair 3 1*1 3
System 2 - -
35.5
FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT
2 Account
FURNITURE/EQUIPMENT Quantity Dim (ft) Area Required
(Sq Ft)
Table 4 4*3 48
Chair 4 1*1 4
System 3 - -
62.5
a) Merchandising
2 Merchandiser
1 Helper
(Sq Ft)
Table 1 4*4 16
Chair 4 1*1 4
System 4 - -
Almirah 2 3.5*3 21
201
b) SOURCING DEPARTMENT
1 Helper
(Sq Ft)
Chair 4 1*1 4
System 3 - -
Almirah 4 3*22 284
Table 2 4*3 24
RECEPTION
(Sq Ft)
Chair 1 1*1 4
System 1 - -
Sofa 1 10*5 50
Table 1 3*5 15
71
2 Data entry Persons
2 Inspection Persons
2 Helpers
ft)
Table 3 4*3 36
Chair 7 1*1 7
241
Req(Sq Ft)
Trolley 2 3*4.5 27
cabinet
236.56
TRIM STORE
1 inspection person
1 Helper
Furniture Quantity Dim (L*B*H)(in ft) Total area req. (sqft)
required
Table 1 4*4 16
Chair 1 1*1 1
Stools 3 1*1 3
120
2 person
38.9
Furniture Quantity required Dim (L*B*H)(in ft) Total area req .(sqft)
Table 2 4*4 32
Chair 4 1*1 4
System 3 -
46.5
CUTTING DEPARTMENT
1 In-charge
4 Spreader
3 Cutter
2 Ticketing
2 Bundling
2 Fusing
2 helper
1 person for data entry
required(sqft)
Straight Knife 3 -
cutter
Die Clicker 1 -
57.19
required required(sqft)
Table
Table 1 4*4 16
Chair 3 1*1 3
Racks 5 4*2*6 40
219.5
SEWING DEPARTMENT:
4 supervisor
221 workers
required(sqft)
222.72
tables
Trolleys 5 5*2 50
164
QUALITY DEPARTMENT:
Manpower requirement
1 Quality manager
8 checker
Table 1 4*4 16
Chair 5 1*1 5
31.5
Manpower requirement
1 In-charge
6 persons
Furniture Quantity Dim (L*B*H)(in ft) Area req. (sq ft )
Chair 2 1*1 2
Chair 2 1*1 2
36
MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT:
Manpower requirement
1 In- charge
4 person
Furniture uantity Dim (L*B*H)(in ft) Area req. (sq ft )
Table 1 4*4 16
Chair 3 1*1 3
29.5
PRE PRODUCTION:
Manpower requirement = 2
Table 1 4*4 16
Chair 3 1*1 3
19
SAMPLING DEPARTMENT:
Manpower requirement
1 Sampling Head
1 Pattern master
20 operator
1 cutter
Furniture Quantity Dim (L*B*H)(in ft) Area req. (sq ft )
Stools 15 1*1 15
pressing
204.34
TRAINING ROOM
Tables 1 4*4 16
Chair 23 1*1 23
123.84
CONFERENCE ROOM:
Table 1 10*5 50
Chair 16 1*1 16
Maniquences 2
Meeting-
Finishing:-
2 Spotter
8 Thread cutter
8 Pressing
3 Checker
5 Packer
Furniture/ Machine Quantity Dim (L*B*H)(in ft) Area req. (sq ft )
Stool 8 1*1 8
machine
Station
machine
Total 449.44
Washing:-
4 Washer
2 Finisher
Furniture Quantity Dim (L*B*H)(in ft) Area req. (sq ft )
Table 1 8*4 32
Dryer 1 5*7 35
Total 355
Kitchen
CANTEEN
Tables 10 10*3’*3 30
150
LAVENTRY:
SECURITY DEPARTMENT:
Tables 1 4*4 16
Chair 2 1*1 2
28.5
BOILER ROOM:
GENERATOR:
extend the focus of planning and to consider the location, the design, the
efficiency.
The factories provides additional high saving potentials for the company.
options.
design team decides on form and function, and involves the sourcing of
motors and circuitry, general material selection, and internal structural
support of a form.