BIOME

JERICO MARCOS
BEED-3A
 Biomes are regions of the world with similar climate (weather, temperature)
animals and plants.
: There are terrestrial biomes (land) and aquatic biomes, both freshwater and
marine.

TERRESTRIAL BIOMES
AQUATIC BIOMES
 Tundra
 Freshwater
 Rainforest
 Freshwater wetlands
 Savanna
 Marine
 Taiga
 Coral reef
 Temperate forest
 Estuaries
 Temperate grassland
 Alpine
 Chaparral
 Desert

Terrestrial Biomes (land)

- A terrestrial biome is an area of land with a similar climate that includes
similar communities of plants and animals. Different terrestrial biomes are
usually defined in terms of their plants, such as trees, shrubs, and grasses.

What is Tundra Biome?

 Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from the Finnish
word tunturia, meaning treeless plain. It is noted for its frost-molded
landscapes, extremely low temperatures, little precipitation, poor
nutrients, and short growing seasons.
  The tundra is located at the top of the world, near the North Pole. This
enormous biome, extremely uniform in appearance, covers a fifth of the
earth's surface. The most distinctive characteristic of tundra soil is its
permafrost, a permanently frozen layer of ground.

 The Arctic tundra, where the average temperature is 10 to 20 degrees

Fahrenheit(-12 to -6 degrees Celsius), supports a variety of animal species,
including Arctic foxes, polar bears, gray wolves, caribou, snow geese and
musk-oxen. The summer growing season is just 50 to 60 days, when the sun
shines 24 hours a day.

There are 2 Types of Tundra

- Arctic Tundra
- Alpine Tundra

 Arctic Tundra
- Arctic tundra is found across northern Alaska, Canada, and Siberia. This
biome has long cold winters and short cool summers.
- The Arctic tundra has low precipitation (less than 10 inches per year) and
dry winds
- These conditions make the Arctic tundra a desert-like climate (see
climograph).

 Alpine Tundra
- Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain
trees because it is at high altitude. The high altitude causes an adverse
climate, which is too cold and windy to support tree growth.
 The difference
Between Arctic and Alpine?

- Alpine tundra does not contain trees because the climate and soils at high
altitude block tree growth. Alpine tundra is distinguished from arctic
tundra in that alpine tundra typically does not have permafrost,
and alpine soils are generally better drained than arctic soils. ... Alpine
tundra occurs in mountains worldwide.

What is Taiga?
 - Taiga, also known as boreal forest or snow forest, is a biome characterized
by coniferous forests consisting mostly of pines, spruces and larches. The
taiga is the world's largest biome apart from the oceans.

There are 2 Types of Taiga

- Boreal Forest
- Coniferous

 Boreal Forest

- The boreal forest (also known as the taiga, a russian word meaning
swampy moistforest) is found in a nearly continuous belt across North
America and Eurasia. Most of Canada and Russia are covered by
coniferous trees that make up this biome
 Coniferous
- Coniferous forest, vegetation composed primarily of cone-bearing needle-
leaved or scale-leaved evergreen trees, found in areas that have long
winters and moderate to high annual precipitation. The northern Eurasian
coniferous forest is called the taiga, or the boreal forest. Both terms are
used to describe the entire circumpolar coniferous forest with its
many lakes, bogs, and rivers. Coniferous forests also cover mountains in
many parts of the world. Pines, spruces, firs, and larches are the dominant
trees in coniferous forests. They are similar in shape and height and often
form a nearly uniform stand with a layer of low shrubs or herbs
beneath. Mosses, liverworts, and lichens cover the forest floor.
What is a Desert?
- The desert biome is an ecosystem that forms due to the low level of rainfall
it receives each year. Desertscover about 20% of the Earth. There are four
major types of desert in this biome - hot and dry, semiarid, coastal, and
cold. They are all able to inhabit plant and animal life that are able to
survive there.

There are 4 Types of Desert

Coastal Desert

- Coastal deserts occur in cool to warm areas along the coast. They have
cool winters and long, warm summers. Coastal deserts are located on the
west coasts of continents between 20° to 30° latitude. Winds off the coast
blows in an easterly pattern and prevents the moisture from moving onto
the land. The Namib Desert in Africa and the Atacama Desert in Chile are
coastal deserts.
 Sub-Tropical or Semi-Arid
- Subtropical deserts the hottest deserts. They are found in Asia, Australia,
Africa and North and South America. In the United States, the Chihuahuan,
Sonoran and Mojave are all subtropical deserts. Subtropical deserts are
very hot and dry in the summer and cooler but still dry in the winter. Rainfall
happens in short bursts. The air is so hot and dry in these deserts that
sometimes rain evaporates before it even has a chance to hit the ground!
The soil in subtropical deserts is usually either sandy or coarse and rocky.
 Cold Desert
- Cold winter deserts are also known as semi-arid deserts. They have long,
dry summers and cold winters with low rain or snowfall. In the United States,
the Great Basin, the Colorado Plateau and the Red Desert are all cold
winter deserts. Other cold winter deserts include the Gobi desert in China
and Mongolia and the Patagonian desert in Argentina. The lack of rainfall
in cold winter deserts is often caused by the rainshadow effect. The
rainshadow effect happens when a high mountain range stops moisture
from reaching an area. The Himalayan Mountains prevent rainfall from
reaching the Gobi Desert.
 Polar Desert
- Polar desert are found in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. Like warmer
deserts, they also get very little precipitation.
Example of Desert
Gobi Desert

- The Gobi Desert is a vast, arid region in northern China and southern
Mongolia. It's known for its dunes, mountains and rare animals such as
snow leopards and Bactrian camels. In the Gobi Gurvansaikhan National
Park, the Khongoryn Els sand dunes are said to sing when the wind blows.
The park also features the deep ice field of Yolyn Am canyon. Dinosaur
fossils have been found at the red "Flaming Cliffs" of Bayanzag.
 Saharra Desert
- The Sahara is the largest hot desert and the third largest desert in the world
after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its area of 9,200,000 square kilometres is
comparable to the area of China or the United States

GOBI DESERT SAHARA DESERT

What is Deciduous Forest?

- Temperate deciduous forests or temperate broad-leaf forests are
dominated by trees that lose their leaves each year. They are found in
areas with warm moist summers and mild winters. The three major areas of
this forest type occur in the Northern Hemisphere: eastern North America,
East Asia, and Europe.
There are 4 Types of Climate
 Winter
 Spring
 Summer
 Fall

What is Grassland?
- Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses,
however sedge and rush families can also be found. Grasslands occur
naturally on all continents except Antarctica. Grasslands are found in most
ecoregions of the Earth.
What is the Aquatic or Marine Biome?
- The marine biome. Reef fish and coral off Eniwetok atoll in the central
Pacific. Marine regions cover about three-fourths of the Earth's surface and
include oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries. Marine algae supply much of
the world's oxygen supply and take in a huge amount of atmospheric
carbon dioxide.

Examples:

 Salty
- Ocean
- Sea
 Freshwater
- Lakes
- Ponds
- Streams
- Falls
- Etc.