Igo 2014 2017

Iran’s Geometry Problems
Problems and Solutions from Contests
2014-2015
This booklet is prepared by Hirad Aalipanah, Iman Maghsoudi.
With special thanks to Morteza Saghafian, Mahdi Etesami Fard,
Davood Vakili, Erfan Salavati.
Copyright Young
c Scholars Club 2014-2015. All rights reserved.
Ministry of education, Islamic Republic of Iran.
www.ysc.ac.ir - www.igo-official.ir
The first Iranian Geometry Olympiad was held simultaneously in Tehran and Is-
fahan on September 4th, 2014 with over 300 participants. This competition had two
levels, junior and senior which each level had 5 problems. The contestants solved
problems in 4 hours and 30 minutes.
In the end, the highest ranked participants in each level awarded with gold ruler,
silver ruler or bronze ruler respectively.
This booklet have the problems of this competition plus other geometry problems
used in other Iranian mathematical competition since summer of 2014 till spring of
2015.
This year the second Iranian Geometry Olympiad will be held in Tehran on Septem-
ber 3th, 2015. We tend to provide online presence for those who are interested from
other countries. Those who wish to participate can contact Mr. Salavati for more
information at erfan.salavati@gmail.com
Iranian Geometry Olympiads website: www.igo-official.ir

Problems
Problems 4
1.(Geometry Olympiad(Junior and Senior level)) In a right triangle ABC

we have ∠A = 90◦ , ∠C = 30◦ . Denot by C the circle passing through A which is
tangent to BC at the midpoint.Assume that C intersects AC and the circumcircle of
ABC at N and M respectively. Prove that M N ⊥BC.
Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard
2.(Geometry Olympiad(Junior Level)) The inscribed circle of 4ABC touches

BC, AC and AB at D, E and F respectively. Denote the perpendicular foots from
F , E to BC by K, L respectively. Let the second intersection of these perpendiculars
S
with the incircle be M , N respectively. Show that S4BM D
4CN D
= DK
DL
3.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) Each of Mahdi and Morteza has

drawn an inscribed 93-gon. Denote the first one by A1 A2 ...A93 and the second by
B1 B2 ...B93 . It is known that Ai Ai+1 k Bi Bi+1 for 1 6 i 6 93 (A93 = A1 , B93 = B1 ).
Ai Ai+1
Show that B i Bi+1
is a constant number independent of i.
Proposed by Morteza Saghafian
4.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) In a triangle ABC we have ∠C =

∠A + 90◦ . The point D on the continuation of BC is given such that AC = AD. A
point E in the side of BC in which A doesnt lie is chosen such that
1
∠EBC = ∠A, ∠EDC = ∠A
2
Prove that ∠CED = ∠ABC.
5.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) Two points X, Y lie on the arc BC of

the circumcircle of 4ABC (this arc does not contain A) such that ∠BAX = ∠CAY .
Let M denotes the midpoint of the chord AX . Show that BM + CM > AY
Proposed by Mahan Tajrobekar

Problems 5
6.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) In a quadrilateral ABCD we have

∠B = ∠D = 60◦ . Consider the line whice is drawn from M , the midpoint of AD,
parallel to CD. Assume this line intersects BC at P . A point X lies on CD such
that BX = CX. Prove that AB = BP ⇔ ∠M XB = 60◦
Proposed by Davood Vakili
7.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) An acute-angled triangle ABC is given.

The circle with diameter BC intersects AB, AC at E, F respectively. Let M be the
midpoint of BC and P the intersection point of AM and EF . X is a point on the arc
EF and Y the second intersection point of XP with circle mentioned above. Show
that ∠XAY = ∠XY M .
Proposed by Ali Zooelm
8.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) The tangent line to circumcircle of the

acute-angled triangle ABC (AC > AB) at A intersects the continuation of BC at P .
We denote by O the circumcenter of ABC. X is a point OP such that ∠AXP = 90◦ .
Two points E, F respectively on AB, AC at the same side of OP are chosen such
that
∠EXP = ∠ACX, ∠F XO = ∠ABX
If K, L denote the intersection points of EF with the circumcircle of 4ABC, show
that OP is tangent to the circumcircle of 4KLX.
9.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) Two points P , Q lie on the side BC

of triangle ABC and have the same distance to the midpoint. The pependiculars
fromP , Q tp BC intesects AC, AB at E, F respectively. LEt M be the intersection
point of P F and EQ. If H1 and H2 denote the orthocenter of 4BF P and 4CEQ
recpectively, show that AM ⊥ H1 H2 .
10.(IGO Short list)Suppose that I is incenter of 4ABC and CI inresects AB

at D.In circumcircle of 4ABC, T is midpoint of arc BAC and BI intersect this circle
at M . If M D intersects AT at N , prove that: BM k CN .

Solutions
Solutions 11
1.(Geometry Olympiad(Junior and Senior Level)) In a right triangle ABC

we have ∠A = 90◦ , ∠C = 30◦ . Denot by C the circle passing through A which is
tangent to BC at the midpoint.Assume that C intersects AC and the circumcircle of
ABC at N and M respectively. Prove that M N ⊥BC.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
solution.
Let K midpoint of side BC. Therefore:
AK = KC ⇒ ∠KAC = ∠N KC = 30◦
∠AN K = ∠N KC + ∠ACB = 60◦

A, K, N, M lie on circle (C). Therefore:
∠KAN = ∠KM N = 30◦ , ∠AM K = 60◦
We know that K is the circumcenter of 4ABC. So we can say KM = KC = AK.

Therefore 4AKM is equilateral.( because of ∠AM K = 60◦ ). So ∠AKM = 60◦ . We
know that ∠AKB = 60◦ , so we have ∠M KC = 60◦ . On the other hand:
∠KM N = 30◦ ⇒ M N ⊥BC

Solutions 12
2.(Geometry Olympiad(Junior Level)) The inscribed circle of 4ABC touches

BC, AC and AB at D, E and F respectively. Denote the perpendicular foots from
F , E to BC by K, L respectively. Let the second intersection of these perpendiculars
S
with the incircle be M , N respectively. Show that S4BM D
4CN D
= DK
DL
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
solution.
Let I be the incenter of 4ABC. We know that
)
∠BF K = 90◦ − ∠B 1
◦ 1 ⇒ ∠DF M = ∠B
∠BF D = 90 − 2 ∠B 2
But ∠DF M = ∠M DK. Therefore
1
∠M DK = ∠B
2
MK r
Hense 4M DK and 4BID are similar (same angles) and DK
= BD
. In the same
way we have N
DL
L r
= CD . Therefore
M K · BD N L · CD area of 4BM D M K · BD DK
r= = ⇒ = =
DK DL area of 4CN D N L · CD DL
Solutions 13
3.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) Each of Mahdi and Morteza has

drawn an inscribed 93-gon. Denote the first one by A1 A2 ...A93 and the second by
B1 B2 ...B93 . It is known that Ai Ai+1 k Bi Bi+1 for 1 6 i 6 93 (A93 = A1 , B93 = B1 ).
Ai Ai+1
Show that B i Bi+1
is a constant number independent of i.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
solution.
We draw a 93-gon similar with the second 93-gon in the circumcircle of the first
93-gon (so the sides of the second 93-gon would be multiplying by a constant number
c). Now we have two 93-gons witch are inscribed in the same circle and apply the
problem’s conditions. We name this 93-gons A1 A2 ...A93 and C1 C2 ...C93 .
_ _
We know that A1 A2 k C1 C2 . Therefore A1 C1 =A2 C2 but they lie on the opposite
_ _
side of each other. In fact, Ai Ci =Ai+1 Ci+1 and they lie on the opposite side of each
_ _ _ _
other for all 1 6 i 6 93 (A94 C94 =A1 C1 ). Therefore A1 C1 and A1 C1 lie on the opposite
_ ◦ ◦
side of each other. So A1 C1 = 0 or 180 . This means that the 93-gons are coincident
or reflections of each other across the center. So Ai Ai+1 = Ci Ci+1 for 1 6 i 6 93.
Ai Ai+1
Therefore, B i Bi+1
= c.
Solutions 14
4.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) In a triangle ABC we have ∠C =

∠A + 90◦ . The point D on the continuation of BC is given such that AC = AD. A
point E in the side of BC in which A doesnt lie is chosen such that
1
∠EBC = ∠A, ∠EDC = ∠A
2
Prove that ∠CED = ∠ABC.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
solution.
Suppose M is the midpoint of CD. Hense AM is the perpendicular bisector of
CD. AM intersects DE and BE at P, Q respectively. Therefore, P C = P D. We
have
∠EBA + ∠CAB = ∠A + ∠B + ∠A = 180◦ − ∠C + ∠A = 90◦
Hense AC ⊥ BE. Thus in 4ABQ, BC, AC are altitudes. This means C is the
orthocenter of this triangle and
1 1
∠CQE = ∠CQB = ∠A = ∠A + ∠A = ∠P DC + ∠P CD = ∠CP E
2 2
Hense CP QE is cyclic. Therefore
∠CED = ∠CEP = ∠CQP = ∠CQA = ∠CBA = ∠B.

Solutions 15
5.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) Two points X, Y lie on the arc BC of

the circumcircle of 4ABC (this arc does not contain A) such that ∠BAX = ∠CAY .
Let M denotes the midpoint of the chord AX . Show that
BM + CM > AY
Proposed by Mahan Tajrobekar
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
solution.
O is the circumcenter of 4ABC, so OM ⊥ AX. We draw a perpendicular line
from B to OM . This line intersects with the circumcircle at Z. Since OM ⊥ BZ,
OM is the perpendicular bisector of BZ. This means M Z = M B. By using triangle
inequality we have
BM + M C = ZM + M C > CZ
But BZ k AX, thus
_ _ _ _ _
AZ = BX = CY ⇒ ZAC = Y CA ⇒ CZ = AY
Hense BM + CM > AY.

Solutions 16
6.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) In a quadrilateral ABCD we have

∠B = ∠D = 60◦ . Consider the line whice is drawn from M , the midpoint of AD,
parallel to CD. Assume this line intersects BC at P . A point X lies on CD such
that BX = CX. Prove that:
AB = BP ⇔ ∠M XB = 60◦
Proposed by Davood Vakili
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
solution.
Suppose X 0 is a point such that 4M BX 0 is equilateral.(X 0 and X lie on the same
side of M B) It’s enough to show that:
AB = BP ⇔ X 0 ≡ X
We want to prove that if AB = BP then ∠M XB = 60◦ .

AB = BP therefore 4ABP is equilateral. We know that ∠ABP = ∠M BX 0 = 60◦ ,
Therefore ∠ABM = ∠P BX 0 . On the other hand AB = BP, BM = BX 0 therefore
4BAM and 4BP X 0 are equal.
∠X 0 P M = 360◦ − ∠M P B − ∠BP X 0 = 360◦ − ∠DCB − ∠BAM 0 = 120◦

Solutions 17
M P k DC, so we can say ∠P M D = 120◦ . If we draw the line passing through

X 0 such that be parallel with CD and this line intersects AD in D0 , then quadri-
lateral M P X 0 D0 is isosceles trapezoid. Therefore P X 0 = M D0 . In the other hand
P X 0 = AM = M D ( becauese 4BAM and 4BP X 0 are equal.) According to the
statements we can say M D0 = M D. In other words, D0 ≡ D and X 0 lie on CD.
Therefore both of X and X 0 lie on intersection of DC and perpendicular bisector of
M B, so X 0 ≡ X.
Now we prove if ∠M XB = 60◦ then AB = BP .

Let P 0 such that 4M P 0 X be equilateral.(P 0 and X be on the same side of AB) It’s
enough to show that P 0 ≡ P .
Draw the line passing through P 0 such that be parallel with CD. Suppose that this
line intersects AD in M 0 .
∠XP 0 M 0 = 360◦ − ∠M 0 P 0 B − ∠BP 0 X = 360◦ − ∠DCA − ∠BAM = 120◦
Also ∠P 0 M 0 D = 120◦ . Therefore quadrilateral XP 0 M 0 D is isosceles trapezoid and

DM 0 = P 0 X = AM = DM . So we can say M 0 ≡ M ⇒ P 0 ≡ P .
Solutions 18
7.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) An acute-angled triangle ABC is given.

The circle with diameter BC intersects AB, AC at E, F respectively. Let M be the
midpoint of BC and P the intersection point of AM and EF . X is a point on the arc
EF and Y the second intersection point of XP with circle mentioned above. Show
that ∠XAY = ∠XY M .
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
solution.
Suppose point K is intersection AM and circumcircle of 4AEF . M F tangent to
circumcircle of 4AEF at F .
( because of ∠M F C = ∠M CF = ∠AEF ). Therefore M F 2 = M K.M A . In the
other hand, M Y = M F so M Y 2 = M K.M A. It means
∠M Y K = ∠Y AM (1)
Also AP.P K = P E.P F = P X.P Y therefore AXKY is(...??) .Therefore
∠XAY = ∠XY K (2)
According to equation 1 and 2 we can say ∠XAY = ∠XY M .

Solutions 19
8.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) The tangent line to circumcircle of the

acute-angled triangle ABC (AC > AB) at A intersects the continuation of BC at P .
We denote by O the circumcenter of ABC. X is a point OP such that ∠AXP = 90◦ .
Two points E, F respectively on AB, AC at the same side of OP are chosen such
that
∠EXP = ∠ACX, ∠F XO = ∠ABX
If K, L denote the intersection points of EF with the circumcircle of 4ABC, show
that OP is tangent to the circumcircle of 4KLX.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
solution.
Let M and N on continuation of XF and XE such that M, L, X, N, K lie on

same circle. We have to prove ∠AM X = ∠ACX. In other hand, ∠ACX = ∠N XP
so we have to prove ∠ACX = ∠N M X.
We know that XF.F M = F L.F K = AF.F C. Therefore AM CX is cyclic and

∠AM X = ∠ACX. similarly we can say AN BX is cyclic. Now it’s enough to show
that ∠AM X = ∠N M X. In other words, we have to show that A, N , M lie on same
line. we know that AN BX is cyclic therefore:
∠N AM = ∠N AE + ∠A + ∠F AM = ∠EXB + ∠A + ∠CXF
= ∠A + 180◦ − ∠BXC + ∠ABX + ∠ACX
= ∠A + 180◦ − ∠BXC + ∠BXC − ∠A = 180◦

Solutions 20
9.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) Two points P , Q lie on the side BC

of triangle ABC and have the same distance to the midpoint. The pependiculars
fromP , Q tp BC intesects AC, AB at E, F respectively. LEt M be the intersection
point of P F and EQ. If H1 and H2 denote the orthocenter of 4BF P and 4CEQ
recpectively, show that AM ⊥ H1 H2 .
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
solution.
First we show that if we move P and Q, the line AM doesn’t move. To show that
sin ∠A1
we calculate sin ∠A2
. By the law of sines in 4AF M and 4AEM we have
sin ∠A1 sin ∠F1 F M

= · (3)
sin ∠A2 sin ∠E1 EM
also, for 4F BP and 4CEQ we have
BP
)
sin ∠F1 = PF
· sin ∠B sin ∠F1 sin ∠B EQ
CQ ⇒ = · (4)
sin ∠E1 = EQ
· sin ∠C sin ∠E1 sin ∠C F P
from (3) and (4) we have
sin ∠A1 sin ∠B EQ F M

= · · (5)
sin ∠A2 sin ∠C F P EM
4F M Q and 4EM P are similar, thus

FM FQ EQ F Q + EP
= , =
FP F Q + EP EM EP
with putting this into (5) we have
Solutions 21
sin ∠A1 sin ∠B F Q

= · (6)
sin ∠A2 sin ∠C EP
on the other hand

FQ

tan ∠B = BQ 
 FQ tan ∠B
tan ∠C = EP ⇒ =
CP  EP tan ∠C
BQ = CP

if we put this in (6) we have

sin ∠A1 sin ∠B tan ∠B
= ·
sin ∠A2 sin ∠C tan ∠C
wich is constant.
now we show that H1 H2 s are parallel. consider α the angle between H1 H2 and
BC. Hense we have
H2 P − H1 Q
tan α = (7)
QP
H1 and H2 are the orthometers of 4BF P and 4CQE respectively. Thus we have
BQ · QP
QF · H1 Q = BQ · QP ⇒ H1 Q =
FQ
CP · P Q
EP · H2 P = CP · P Q ⇒ H2 P =
EP
but CP = BQ. Thus
P Q · BQ · (F Q − EP )
H2 P − H1 Q =
EP · F Q
by putting this in (7) :
BQ · (F Q − EP ) BQ BQ CP BQ
tan α = = − = −
EP · F Q EP FQ EP FQ
⇒ tan α = cot ∠B − cot ∠C (8)

Solutions 22
hense tan α is constant, thus H1 H2 s are parallel.

Soppuse θ is the angle between AM and BC. we have to show
tan α · tan θ = 1
let AM intersects with BC at X. We have

BX sin ∠A1 sin ∠C BX tan ∠B
= · ⇒ =
CX sin ∠A2 sin ∠B CX tan ∠C
let D be the foot of the altitude drawn from A. We have
AD
BX tan ∠B BD CD
= = AD
= ⇒ BD = CX
CX tan ∠C CD
BD
AD AD AD 1 1
tan θ = = = = CD BD
=
DX CD − CX CD − BD AD
− AD
cot ∠B − cot ∠C
this equality and (8) implies that AM ⊥ H1 H2 .
Problems of 2nd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2015 (Elementary)
1. We have four wooden triangles with sides 3, 4, 5 centimeters. How many convex
polygons can we make by all of these triangles?(Just draw the polygons without any
proof)
A convex polygon is a polygon which all of it’s angles are less than 180◦ and there
isn’t any hole in it. For example:
This polygon isn’t convex This polygon is convex
P roposed by M ahdi Etesami F ard
2. Let ABC be a triangle with ∠A = 60◦ . The points M, N, K lie on BC, AC, AB
respectively such that BK = KM = M N = N C. If AN = 2AK, find the values of
∠B and ∠C.
3. In the figure below, we know that AB = CD and BC = 2AD. Prove that

∠BAD = 30◦ .
P roposed by M orteza Saghaf ian
1
4. In rectangle ABCD, the points M, N, P, Q lie on AB, BC, CD, DA respectively
such that the area of triangles AQM, BM N, CN P, DP Q are equal. Prove that the
quadrilateral M N P Q is parallelogram.
5. Do there exist 6 circles in the plane such that every circle passes through centers
of exactly 3 other circles?
2
Problems of 2nd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2015 (Medium)
1. In the figure below, the points P, A, B lie on a circle. The point Q lies inside the
circle such that ∠P AQ = 90◦ and P Q = BQ. Prove that the value of ∠AQB−∠P QA
is equal to the arc AB.
P roposed by Davood V akili
2. In acute-angled triangle ABC, BH is the altitude of the vertex B. The points D

and E are midpoints of AB and AC respectively. Suppose that F be the reflection of
H with respect to ED. Prove that the line BF passes through circumcenter of ABC.
3. In triangle ABC, the points M, N, K are the midpoints of BC, CA, AB respec-
tively. Let ωB and ωC be two semicircles with diameter AC and AB respectively,
outside the triangle. Suppose that M K and M N intersect ωC and ωB at X and Y
respectively. Let the tangents at X and Y to ωC and ωB respectively, intersect at Z.
prove that AZ⊥BC.
3
4. Let ABC be an equilateral triangle with circumcircle ω and circumcenter O. Let
P be the point on the arc BC( the arc which A doesn’t lie ). Tangent to ω at P in-
tersects extensions of AB and AC at K and L respectively. Show that ∠KOL > 90◦ .
P roposed by Iman M aghsoudi
5. a) Do there exist 5 circles in the plane such that every circle passes through centers
of exactly 3 circles?
b) Do there exist 6 circles in the plane such that every circle passes through centers
4
Problems of 2nd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2015 (Advanced)
1. Two circles ω1 and ω2 (with centers O1 and O2 respectively) intersect at A and B.

The point X lies on ω2 . Let point Y be a point on ω1 such that ∠XBY = 90◦ . Let
X 0 be the second point of intersection of the line O1 X and ω2 and K be the second
point of intersection of X 0 Y and ω2 . Prove that X is the midpoint of arc AK.

P be the point on the arc BC( the arc which A doesn’t lie ). Tangent to ω at P
intersects extensions of AB and AC at K and L respectively. Show that ∠KOL > 90◦ .
3. Let H be the orthocenter of the triangle ABC. Let l1 and l2 be two lines passing
through H and perpendicular to each other. l1 intersects BC and extension of AB
at D and Z respectively, and l2 intersects BC and extension of AC at E and X re-
spectively. Let Y be a point such that Y D k AC and Y E k AB. Prove that X, Y, Z
are collinear.
P roposed by Ali Golmakani
4. In triangle ABC, we draw the circle with center A and radius AB. This circle
intersects AC at two points. Also we draw the circle with center A and radius AC and
this circle intersects AB at two points. Denote these four points by A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 .
Find the points B1 , B2 , B3 , B4 and C1 , C2 , C3 , C4 similarly. Suppose that these 12
points lie on two circles. Prove that the triangle ABC is isosceles.
5. Rectangles ABA1 B2 , BCB1 C2 , CAC1 A2 lie otside triangle ABC. Let C 0 be a

point such that C 0 A1 ⊥ A1 C2 and C 0 B2 ⊥ B2 C1 . Points A0 and B 0 are defined simi-
larly. Prove that lines AA0 , BB 0 , CC 0 concur.
P roposed by Alexey Zaslavsky (Russia)
5
Solutions of 2nd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2015 (Elementary)
1. We have four wooden triangles with sides 3, 4, 5 centimeters. How many convex
polygons can we make by all of these triangles?(Just draw the polygons without any
proof)
A convex polygon is a polygon which all of it’s angles are less than 180◦ and there
isn’t any hole in it. For example:
This polygon isn’t convex This polygon is convex
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
6
7
2. Let ABC be a triangle with ∠A = 60◦ . The points M, N, K lie on BC, AC, AB
respectively such that BK = KM = M N = N C. If AN = 2AK, find the values of
∠B and ∠C.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Suppose the point P be the midpoint of AN . Therefore AK = AP = AN and
so we can say 4AP K is the equilateral triangle. So ∠AN K = ∠KP2
A
= 30◦ Let
∠ACB = ∠N M C = α. Therfore ∠ABC = ∠KM B = 120◦ − α. So ∠KM N = 60◦ .
Therefore 4KM N is the equilateral triangle. Now we know that ∠M N A = 90◦ .
Therefore α = 45◦ . So we have ∠C = 45◦ and ∠B = 75◦ .
8
3. In the figure below, we know that AB = CD and BC = 2AD. Prove that
∠BAD = 30◦ .
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution 1.
Let two points E and F on BC and AB respectively such that DF ⊥BC and
DE⊥AB. We can say DF = DC 2
= AB
2
.(because of ∠BCD = 30◦ and ∠DF C = 90◦ )
Also we know that DF = BE, therfore DE is the perpendicular bisector of AB. So
BD = AD.
Let H be a point on CD such that BH⊥CD. therefore BH = BC

2
= BD, so we
◦ ◦
can say D ≡ H and ∠BDC = 90 . Therefore ∠ABD = ∠BAD = 30 .
9
Solution 2.
Suppose that P is the point such that triangle DCP is Equilateral. We know that
P C⊥BC and P C = CD = AB, therfore quadrilateral ABCP is Rectangular.
⇒ ∠AP D = ∠AP C − ∠DP C = 90◦ − 60◦ = 30◦
In other hand, DP = DC and AP = BC. So 4ADP and 4BDC are congruent.

Therfore AD = BD.
Let the point H on CD such that BH⊥CD. therefore BH = BC

2
= BD, so we
◦ ◦
can say D ≡ H and ∠BDC = 90 . Therefore ∠ABD = ∠BAD = 30 .
10
4. In rectangle ABCD, the points M, N, P, Q lie on AB, BC, CD, DA respectively
such that the area of triangles AQM, BM N, CN P, DP Q are equal. Prove that the
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Let AB = CD = a, AD = BC = b and AM = x, AQ = z, P C = y, N C = t. If
x 6= y, we can assume that x > y. We know that:
y<x ⇒ a−x<a−y (1)
SAQM = SCN P ⇒ zx = yt ⇒ z<t ⇒ b−t<b−z (2)

According to inequality 1, 2:
(a − x)(b − t) < (a − y)(b − z) ⇒ SBM N < SDP Q

it’s a contradiction. Therfore x = y, so z = t Now we can say two triangles AM Q
and CP N are congruent. Therefore M Q = N P and similarly M N = P Q. So the
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Comment.
If quadrilateral ABCD be the parallelogram, similarly we can show that quadri-
lateral M N P Q is parallelogram.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
11
5. Do there exist 6 circles in the plane such that every circle passes through centers
of exactly 3 other circles?
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
In the picture below, we have 6 points in the plane such that for every point there
exists exactly 3 other points on a circle with radius 1 centimeter.
12
Solutions of 2nd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2015 (Medium)
1. In the figure below, the points P, A, B lie on a circle. The point Q lies inside the
circle such that ∠P AQ = 90◦ and P Q = BQ. Prove that the value of ∠AQB−∠P QA
is equal to the arc AB.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution 1.
Let point M be the midpoint of P B. So we can say ∠P M Q = 90◦ and we know
that ∠P AQ = 90◦ , therefore quadrilateral P AM Q is cyclic. Therefore:
∠AP M = ∠AQM
In the other hand:
∠AQB − ∠AQP = ∠P QM + ∠AQM − ∠AQP = 2∠AQM
So we can say that the subtract ∠AQB from ∠P QA is equal to arc AB.
13
Solution 2.
Let the point K be the reflection of P to AQ. We have to show:
2∠AP B = ∠AQB − ∠AQP
Now we know that AQ is the perpendicular bisector of P K. So ∠AQP = ∠AQK

and P Q = KQ = BQ, therefore the point Q is the circumcenter of triangle P KB.
We know that:
2∠AP B = ∠KQB = ∠AQB − ∠AQK = ∠AQB − ∠AQP

Therefore the subtract ∠AQB from ∠P QA is equal to arc AB.
14
2. In acute-angled triangle ABC, BH is the altitude of the vertex B. The points D
and E are midpoints of AB and AC respectively. Suppose that F be the reflection of
H with respect to ED. Prove that the line BF passes through circumcenter of ABC.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution 1.
The circumcenter of 4ABC denote by O. We know that ∠OBA = 90◦ − ∠C,
therfore we have to show that ∠F BA = 90◦ − ∠C. We know that AD = BD = DH,
also DH = DF .
Therfore quadrilateral AHF B is cyclic (with circumcenter D)
⇒ ∠F BA = ∠F HE = 90◦ − ∠DEH , DE k BC ⇒ ∠DEH = ∠C
⇒ ∠F BA = 90◦ − ∠C
15
Solution 2.
The circumcenter of 4ABC denote by O. We know that quadrilateral ADOE is
cyclic. Also we know that AD = HD = DB, therefore:
∠A = ∠DHA = 180◦ − ∠DHE = 180◦ − ∠DF E ⇒ ADF E : cyclic
So we can say ADF OE is cyclic, therefore quadrilateral DF OE is cyclic.
∠C = ∠DEA = ∠DEF = ∠DOF
In the other hand: ∠C = ∠DOB so ∠DOF = ∠DOB, therefore B, F, O are collinear.
16
3. In triangle ABC, the points M, N, K are the midpoints of BC, CA, AB respec-
tively. Let ωB and ωC be two semicircles with diameter AC and AB respectively,
outside the triangle. Suppose that M K and M N intersect ωC and ωB at X and Y
respectively. Let the tangents at X and Y to ωC and ωB respectively, intersect at Z.
prove that AZ⊥BC.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution 1.
Let point H on BC such that AH⊥BC. Therefore quadrilaterals AXBH and
AY CH are cyclic. We know that KM and M N are parallel to AC and AB respec-
tively. So we can say ∠AKX = ∠AN Y = ∠A, therefore ∠ABX = ∠ACY = ∠A 2
and
∠XAB = ∠Y AC = 90◦ − ∠A 2
. So X, A, Y are collinear.
∠A ∠A
∠AHX = ∠ABX = , ∠AHY = ∠ACY = ⇒ ∠XHY = ∠XM Y = ∠A
2 2
Therefore quadrilateral XHM Y is cyclic. Also we know that ∠M XZ = ∠M Y Z =

◦
90 , therefore quadrilateral M XZY is cyclic. So we can say ZXHM Y is cyclic. ther-
fore quadrilateral HXZY is cyclic.
17
∠A
In the other hand: ∠ZY X = ∠ACY = 2
∠A ∠A
∠ZHX = ∠ZY X = , ∠AHX = ⇒ ∠ZHX = ∠AHX
2 2
So the points Z, A, H are collinear, therefore AZ⊥BC.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution 2.
Let point H on BC such that AH⊥BC. We know that KM and M N are parallel
to AC and AB respectively. So we can say ∠AKX = ∠AN Y = ∠A, therefore
∠ABX = ∠ACY = ∠A 2
and ∠XAB = ∠Y AC = 90◦ − ∠A
2
. So X, A, Y are collinear.
∠A
⇒ ∠ZXY = ∠ZY X = ⇒ ZX = ZY
2
So the point Z lie on the radical axis of two these semicirculars. Also we know that
the line AH is the radical axis of two these semicirculars. Therefore the points Z, A, H
are collinear, therefore AZ⊥BC.
18
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution 1.
Suppose that M and N be the midpoints of AB and AC respectively. We know
that quadrilateral BM N C is cyclic. Also ∠BP C = 120◦ > 90◦ , so we can say
the point P is in the circumcircle of quadrilateral BM N C. Therefore: ∠M P N >
∠M BN = 30◦
In the other hand, quadrilaterals KM OP and N OP L are cyclic. Therefore:
∠M KO = ∠M P O , ∠N LO = ∠N P O ⇒ ∠AKO + ∠ALO = ∠M P N > 30◦
⇒ ∠KOL = ∠A + ∠AKO + ∠ALO > 90◦
19
Solution 2.
Suppose that ∠KOL ≤ 90◦ , therfore KL2 ≤ OK 2 + OL2 . Assume that R is the
radius of a circumcircle 4ABC. Let BK = x and LC = y and AB = AC = BC = a.
According to law of cosines in triangle AKL, we have:
KL2 = AK 2 + AL2 − AK.AL.cos(∠A) ⇒ KL2 = (a + x)2 + (a + y)2 − (a + x)(a + y)
In the other hand:
KB.KA = OK 2 − R2 ⇒ OK 2 = R2 + x(a + x)
LC.LA = OL2 − R2 ⇒OL2 = R2 + y(a + y)

√
We know that KL2 ≤ OK 2 + OL2 and a = R 3, therfore:
(a + x)2 + (a + y)2 − (a + x)(a + y) ≤ 2R2 + x(a + x) + y(a + y)
⇒ R2 ≤ xy (1)
KL is tangent to circumcircle of 4ABC at P . So we have:
KP 2 = KB.KA = x(a + x) > x2 ⇒ KP > x (2)
LP 2 = LC.LA = y(a + y) > y 2 ⇒ LP > y (3)

According to inequality 2, 3 we can say: xy < KP.LP (4)
Now According to inequality 1, 4 we have: R2 < KP.LP (5)
20
We know that ∠KOL ≤ 90◦ , therefore KOL is acute-triangle. Suppose that H is
orthocenter of 4KOL. So the point H lies on OP and we can say HP ≤ OP .
In other hand, ∠HKP = ∠P OL and ∠KHP = ∠OLP , therefore two triangles

T HP and OP L are similar. So we have:
KP OP
= ⇒ KP.LP = HP.OP ≤ OP 2 = R2
HP LP
But according to inequality 5, we have R2 < KP.LP and it’s a contradiction.
Therfore ∠KOL > 90◦ .
21
5. a) Do there exist 5 circles in the plane such that every circle passes through centers
b) Do there exist 6 circles in the plane such that every circle passes through centers
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
a)Solution.
There aren’t such 5 circles. Suppose that these circles exists, therefore their centers
are 5 points that each point has same distance from 3 other points and has diffrent
distance from the remaining point. We draw an arrow from each point to it’s diffrent
distance point.
- lemma 1. We don’t have two points such Oi , Oj that each one is the diffrent
distance point of the other one.
proof. If we have such thing then Oi and Oj both have same distance to the
remaining points, therefore both of them are circumcenter of the remaining points,
which is wrong.
- lemma 2. We don’t have 4 points such Oi , Oj , Ok , Ol that Oi , Oj put their arrow
in Ok and OK puts it’s arrow in Ol .
proof. If we name the remaining point Om then the distances of Oi from Oj , Ol ,
Om are equal and the distances of Oj from Oi , Ol , Om are equal. Therefore each of
Ol , Om is the diffrent distance point of another which is wrong (according to lemma
1).
so each point sends an arrow and recives an arrow. Because of lemma 1 we don’t
have 3 or 4 points cycles. Therefore we only have one 5 points cycle. So each pair of
these 5 points should have equal distance. which is impossible.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
b)Solution.
in the picture below, we have 6 points in the plane such that for every point there
exists exactly 3 other points on a circle with radius 1 centimeter.
22
Solutions of 2nd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2015 (Advanced)
1. Two circles ω1 and ω2 (with centers O1 and O2 respectively) intersect at A and B.

The point X lies on ω2 . Let point Y be a point on ω1 such that ∠XBY = 90◦ . Let
X 0 be the second point of intersection of the line O1 X and ω2 and K be the second
point of intersection of X 0 Y and ω2 . Prove that X is the midpoint of arc AK.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Suppose that the point Z be the intersection of BX and circle ω1 . We know that
∠Y BZ = 90◦ , therefore the points Y, O1 , Z are collinear.
∠O1 Y A = ∠ABX = ∠AX 0 X ⇒ Y AX 0 O1 : cyclic
In the other hand, we know that AO1 = Y O1 so ∠AX 0 X = ∠Y X 0 O1 = ∠XX 0 K.

Therefore the point X lies on the midpoint of arc AK.
23
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution 1.
Suppose that M and N be the midpoints of AB and AC respectively. We know
that quadrilateral BM N C is cyclic. Also ∠BP C = 120◦ > 90◦ , so we can say
the point P is in the circumcircle of quadrilateral BM N C. Therefore: ∠M P N >
∠M BN = 30◦
In the other hand, quadrilaterals KM OP and N OP L are cyclic. Therefore:
∠M KO = ∠M P O , ∠N LO = ∠N P O ⇒ ∠AKO + ∠ALO = ∠M P N > 30◦
⇒ ∠KOL = ∠A + ∠AKO + ∠ALO > 90◦
24
Solution 2.
Suppose that ∠KOL ≤ 90◦ , therfore KL2 ≤ OK 2 + OL2 . Assume that R is the
radius of a circumcircle 4ABC. Let BK = x and LC = y and AB = AC = BC = a.
According to law of cosines in triangle AKL, we have:
KL2 = AK 2 + AL2 − AK.AL.cos(∠A) ⇒ KL2 = (a + x)2 + (a + y)2 − (a + x)(a + y)
In the other hand:
KB.KA = OK 2 − R2 ⇒ OK 2 = R2 + x(a + x)
LC.LA = OL2 − R2 ⇒OL2 = R2 + y(a + y)

√
We know that KL2 ≤ OK 2 + OL2 and a = R 3, therfore:
(a + x)2 + (a + y)2 − (a + x)(a + y) ≤ 2R2 + x(a + x) + y(a + y)
⇒ R2 ≤ xy (1)
KL is tangent to circumcircle of 4ABC at P . So we have:
KP 2 = KB.KA = x(a + x) > x2 ⇒ KP > x (2)
LP 2 = LC.LA = y(a + y) > y 2 ⇒ LP > y (3)

According to inequality 2, 3 we can say: xy < KP.LP (4)
Now According to inequality 1, 4 we have: R2 < KP.LP (5)
25
We know that ∠KOL ≤ 90◦ , therefore KOL is acute-triangle. Suppose that H is
orthocenter of 4KOL. So the point H lies on OP and we can say HP ≤ OP .
In other hand, ∠HKP = ∠P OL and ∠KHP = ∠OLP , therefore two triangles

T HP and OP L are similar. So we have:
KP OP
= ⇒ KP.LP = HP.OP ≤ OP 2 = R2
HP LP
But according to inequality 5, we have R2 < KP.LP and it’s a contradiction.
Therfore ∠KOL > 90◦ .
26
3. Let H be the orthocenter of the triangle ABC. Let l1 and l2 be two lines passing
through H and perpendicular to each other. l1 intersects BC and extension of AB
at D and Z respectively, and l2 intersects BC and extension of AC at E and X re-
spectively. Let Y be a point such that Y D k AC and Y E k AB. Prove that X, Y, Z
are collinear.
P roposed by Ali Golmakani

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Suppose that HZ intersects AC at P and HX intersects AB at Q. According to
Menelaus’s theorem in two triangles AQX and AP Z we can say:
CX AB QE BZ AC P D
. . =1 (1) and . . =1 (2)
AC BQ EX AB P C DZ
In the other hand, H is the orthocenter of 4ABC. So BH⊥AC and we know that
∠DHE = 90◦ , therefore ∠HXA = ∠BHZ = α. Similarly we can say ∠HZA =
∠CHX = θ.
27
According to law of sines in 4HP C, 4HCX and 4HP X:
sin(90 − θ) sin(∠HCP ) sin(θ) sin(∠HCX) HP sin(α)

= , = , =
PC HP CX HX HX sin(90 − α)
PC tan(α)
⇒ =
CX tan(θ)
Similarly, according to law of sines in 4HBQ, 4HBZ and 4HQZ, we can show:
BZ tan(α) BZ PC PC CX
⇒ = ⇒ = ⇒ = (3)
BQ tan(θ) BQ CX BZ BQ
According to equality 1, 2 and 3, we can say:

XE PD
= (4)
EQ ZD
Suppose that the line which passes through E and parallel to AB, intersects ZX at
Y1 and the line which passes through D and parallel to AC, intersects ZX at Y2 .
According to Thales’s theorem we can say:
Y1 X XE Y2 X PD
= , =
ZY1 EQ ZY2 ZD
According to equality 4, we show that Y1 ≡ Y2 , therefore the point Y lies on ZX.
28
4. In triangle ABC, we draw the circle with center A and radius AB. This circle
intersects AC at two points. Also we draw the circle with center A and radius AC and
this circle intersects AB at two points. Denote these four points by A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 .
Find the points B1 , B2 , B3 , B4 and C1 , C2 , C3 , C4 similarly. Suppose that these 12
points lie on two circles. Prove that the triangle ABC is isosceles.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution 1.
Suppose that triangle ABC isn’t isosceles and a > b > c. In this case, there
are four points (from these 12 points) on each side of 4ABC. Suppose that these
12 points lie on two circles ω1 and ω2 . Therefore each one of the circles ω1 and ω2
intersects each side of 4ABC exactly at two points. Suppose that P (A, ω1 ), P (A, ω2 )
are power of the point A with respect to circles ω1 , ω2 respectively. Now we know
that:
P (A, ω1 ).P (A, ω2 ) = b.b.(a − c).(a + c) = c.c.(a − b)(a + b)
⇒ b2 (a2 − c2 ) = c2 (a2 − b2 ) ⇒ a2 (b2 − c2 ) = 0 ⇒ b=c
But we know that b > c and it’s a contradiction. Therefore the triangle ABC is
isosceles.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution 2.
Suppose that triangle ABC isn’t isosceles. In this case, there are four points
(from these 12 points) on each side of 4ABC. Suppose that these 12 points lie on
two circles ω1 and ω2 . Therefore each one of the circles ω1 and ω2 intersects each side
of 4ABC exactly at two points (and each one of the circles ω1 and ω2 doesn’t pass
through A, B, C). We know that the intersections of ω1 and the sides of 4ABC is
even number. Also the intersections of ω2 and the sides of 4ABC is even number.
But Among the these 12 points, just 3 points lie on the sides of 4ABC and this is
odd number. So it’s a contradiction. Therefore the triangle ABC is isosceles.
29
5. Rectangles ABA1 B2 , BCB1 C2 , CAC1 A2 lie otside triangle ABC. Let C 0 be a
point such that C 0 A1 ⊥ A1 C2 and C 0 B2 ⊥ B2 C1 . Points A0 and B 0 are defined simi-
larly. Prove that lines AA0 , BB 0 , CC 0 concur.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Suppose that lA is the line which passes through A and perpendicular to B2 C1 .
Let lB and lC similarly. Suppose that CB1 = BC2 = x and BA1 = AB2 = y and
AC1 = CA2 = z. According to angles equality, we can say:
sin(∠A1 ) y sin(∠B1 ) x sin(∠C1 ) z

= , = , =
sin(∠A2 ) z sin(∠B2 ) y sin(∠C2 ) x
According to sine form of Ceva’s theorem in 4ABC, lA , lB , lC are concur. Suppose

that lA , lB , lC pass through the point P . We know that 4P BC and 4A0 C2 B1 are
equal. ( because of BP k A0 C2 , CP k A0 B1 , BC k B1 C2 and BC = B1 C2 ). So we
have:
P A0 = x , P C 0 = y , P B 0 = z P A0 ⊥BC , P B 0 ⊥AC , P C 0 ⊥AB
30
Suppose that P A0 , P B 0 , P C 0 intersects BC, AC, AB at D, E, F respectively and:
P D = m , P E = n , P F = t. According to before figure, we have:
sin(∠A1 ) n y sin(∠B1 ) t x sin(∠C1 ) m z
= = , = = , = =
sin(∠A2 ) t z sin(∠B2 ) m y sin(∠C2 ) n x
kyz
If n = ky, then: t = kz , m = x
.
Now draw the line from A0 such that be parallel to BC. The intersection of this
line and extension AB and AC denote by B3 and C3 respectively. Let the point A00
be the intersection of AA0 and BC. According to Thales’s theorem, we have:
BA00 B3 A0
=
CA00 C3 A0
31
Let ∠B3 P A0 = α and ∠C3 P A0 = θ. We know that the quadrilaterals P F B3 A0
and P EC3 A0 are cyclic. Therefore ∠B3 F A0 = α and ∠C3 EA0 = θ.
According to law of sines in 4P B3 A0 and 4P C3 A0 and 4P C3 B3 :
B3 A0 tan(α)
0
=
C3 A tan(θ)
Also according to law of sines in 4P F A0 :
t sin(∠B + α − 90) cos(∠B + α)

= = = cos(∠B) − tan(α).sin(∠B)
x cos(α) cos(α)
t
cos(∠B) − x
⇒ tan(α) =
sin(∠B)
Similarly we can say:

n
cos(∠C) − x B3 A0 BA00 x.cos(∠B) − t sin(∠C)
tan(θ) = ⇒ 0
= 00
= .
sin(∠C) C3 A CA x.cos(∠C) − n sin(∠B)
Similarly, two other fractions can be calculated.
32
According to Ceva’s theorem in 4ABC, we have to that:
x.cos(∠B) − t sin(∠C) z.cos(∠C) − m sin(∠A) y.cos(∠A) − n sin(∠B)

. . . . . =1
x.cos(∠C) − n sin(∠B) z.cos(∠A) − t sin(∠C) y.cos(∠B) − m sin(∠A)
x.cos(∠B) − t z.cos(∠C) − m y.cos(∠A) − n

⇐⇒ . . =1
x.cos(∠C) − n z.cos(∠A) − t y.cos(∠B) − m
In other hand, we know that:

kyz
n = ky , t = kz , m=
x
x.cos(∠B) − kz x.cos(∠C) − ky x.cos(∠A) − kx

⇐⇒ . . =1
x.cos(∠C) − ky x.cos(∠A) − kx x.cos(∠B) − kz
Therfore, we show that AA0 , BB 0 , CC 0 are concur.
33
1
Problems of 3rd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2016 (Elementary)
1. Ali wants to move from point A to point B. He cannot walk inside the
black areas but he is free to move in any direction inside the white areas (not
only the grid lines but the whole plane). Help Ali to find the shortest path
between A and B. Only draw the path and write its length.
2. Let ω be the circumcircle of triangle ABC with AC > AB. Let X be a

point on AC and Y be a point on the circle ω, such that CX = CY = AB.
(The points A and Y lie on different sides of the line BC). The line XY inter-
sects ω for the second time in point P . Show that P B = P C.
3. Suppose that ABCD is a convex quadrilateral with no parallel sides. Make

a parallelogram on each two consecutive sides. Show that among these 4 new
points, there is only one point inside the quadrilateral ABCD.

2
4. In a right-angled triangle ABC (∠A = 90◦ ), the perpendicular bisector

of BC intersects the line AC in K and the perpendicular bisector of BK inter-
sects the line AB in L. If the line CL be the internal bisector of angle C, find
all possible values for angles B and C.
5. Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral with these properties: √

∠ADC = 135◦ and ∠ADB−∠ABD = 2∠DAB = 4∠CBD. If BC = 2CD
prove that AB = BC + AD.

3
Problems of 3rd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2016 (Medium)
1. In trapezoid ABCD with AB k CD, ω1 and ω2 are two circles with di-
ameters AD and BC, respectively. Let X and Y be two arbitrary points on ω1
and ω2 , respectively. Show that the length of segment XY is not more than
half of the perimeter of ABCD.
2. Let two circles C1 and C2 intersect in points A and B. The tangent to

C1 at A intersects C2 in P and the line P B intersects C1 for the second time
in Q (suppose that Q is outside C2 ). The tangent to C2 from Q intersects C1
and C2 in C and D, respectively (The points A and D lie on different sides of
the line P Q). Show that AD is bisector of the angle CAP .
3. Find all positive integers N such that there exists a triangle which can
be dissected into N similar quadrilaterals.
P roposed by N ikolai Beluhov (Bulgaria) and M orteza Saghaf ian
4. Let ω be the circumcircle of right-angled triangle ABC (∠A = 90◦ ). Tan-

gent to ω at point A intersects the line BC in point P . Suppose that M is the
midpoint of (the smaller) arc AB, and P M intersects ω for the second time in
Q. Tangent to ω at point Q intersects AC in K. Prove that ∠P KC = 90◦ .
5. Let the circles ω and ω 0 intersect in points A and B. Tangent to circle

ω at A intersects ω 0 in C and tangent to circle ω 0 at A intersects ω in D.
Suppose that the internal bisector of ∠CAD intersects ω and ω 0 at E and F ,
respectively, and the external bisector of ∠CAD intersects ω and ω 0 in X and
Y , respectively. Prove that the perpendicular bisector of XY is tangent to the
circumcircle of triangle BEF .

4
Problems of 3rd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2016 (Advanced)
1. Let the circles ω and ω 0 intersect in A and B. Tangent to circle ω at A

intersects ω 0 in C and tangent to circle ω 0 at A intersects ω in D. Suppose that
the segment CD intersects ω and ω 0 in E and F , respectively (assume that E
is between F and C). The perpendicular to AC from E intersects ω 0 in point
P and perpendicular to AD from F intersects ω in point Q (The points A, P
and Q lie on the same side of the line CD). Prove that the points A, P and Q
are collinear.
2. In acute-angled triangle ABC, altitude of A meets BC at D, and M is

midpoint of AC. Suppose that X is a point such that ∠AXB = ∠DXM = 90◦
(assume that X and C lie on opposite sides of the line BM ). Show that
∠XM B = 2∠M BC.
3. Let P be the intersection point of sides AD and BC of a convex qualri-

lateral ABCD. Suppose that I1 and I2 are the incenters of triangles P AB and
P DC, respectively. Let O be the circumcenter of P AB, and H the orthocenter
of P DC. Show that the circumcircles of triangles AI1 B and DHC are tangent
together if and only if the circumcircles of triangles AOB and DI2 C are tangent
together.
P roposed by Hooman F attahimoghaddam
4. In a convex quadrilateral ABCD, the lines AB and CD meet at point

E and the lines AD and BC meet at point F . Let P be the intersection point
of diagonals AC and BD. Suppose that ω1 is a circle passing through D and
tangent to AC at P . Also suppose that ω2 is a circle passing through C and
tangent to BD at P . Let X be the intersection point of ω1 and AD, and Y
be the intersection point of ω2 and BC. Suppose that the circles ω1 and ω2
intersect each other in Q for the second time. Prove that the perpendicular
from P to the line EF passes through the circumcenter of triangle XQY .
5. Do there exist six points X1 , X2 , Y1 , Y2 , Z1 , Z2 in the plane such that all

of the triangles Xi Yj Zk are similar for 1 ≤ i, j, k ≤ 2?

5
Solutions of 3nd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2016 (Elementary)
1. Ali wants to move from point A to point B. He cannot walk inside the
black areas but he is free to move in any direction inside the white areas (not
only the grid lines but the whole plane). Help Ali to find the shortest path
between A and B. Only draw the path and write its length.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
According to Pythagorean theorem, the length of the path AB is equal to:

p p p √
32 + 3 2 + 32 + 4 2 + 1 + 22 + 2 2 + 1 = 7 + 5 2
6
2.Let ω be the circumcircle of triangle ABC with AC > AB. Let X be a point
on AC and Y be a point on the circle ω, such that CX = CY = AB. (The
points A and Y lie on different sides of the line BC). The line XY intersects ω
for the second time in point P . Show that P B = P C.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
We know that CX = CY therefore:
_ _ _
∠Y XC = ∠XY C ⇒AP + CY =P C
_ _ _ _ _
Also we have AB = CY therefore AP + CY =AP + AB=P B, so P B = P C.
7
3. Suppose that ABCD is a convex quadrilateral with no parallel sides. Make

a parallelogram on each two consecutive sides. Show that among these 4 new
points, there is only one point inside the quadrilateral ABCD.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
It’s clear that the ray from B parallel to AD passes through the quadrilateral
if and only if ∠DAB + ∠ABC > 180◦ .
We have to find a parallelogram such that both of it’s rays pass thorough
ABCD. Among A, B and C, D there is exactly one set with sum of angles
greater than 180◦ . Also among A, D and B, D there is exactly one set with sum
of angles greater than 180◦ . These two good sets have a vertex in common, say
A. So both of the rays from B parallel to AD, and from D parallel to AB, are
inside the quadlirateral.
8
4. In a right-angled triangle ABC (∠A = 90◦ ), the perpendicular bisector of

BC intersects the line AC in K and the perpendicular bisector of BK intersects
the line AB in L. If the line CL be the internal bisector of angle C, find all
possible values for angles B and C.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
We have three cases:
Case i. AC > AB. We know that:
∠LBK = ∠LKB = α ⇒ ∠KLA = 2α ⇒ ∠LKA = 90◦ − 2α

∠BKA α
BK = CK ⇒ ∠KBC = ∠KCB = = 45◦ −
2 2
Let T be a point on BC such that LT ⊥BC. We know that the line CL is the
internal bisector of angle C, so LT = LA also we have LB = LK therefore two
triangles BT L and KAL are congruent.
α
⇒ ∠LBT = ∠LKA ⇒ 45◦ + = 90◦ − 2α ⇒ α = 18◦
2
Therefore ∠B = 45◦ + α
2 = 54◦ and ∠C = 36◦
9
Case ii. AC < AB. We know that:
∠LBK = ∠LKB = α ⇒ ∠KLA = 2α ⇒ ∠LKA = 90◦ − 2α
Let T be a point on BC such that LT ⊥BC. We know that the line CL is the
internal bisector of angle C, so LT = LA also we have LB = LK therefore two
triangles BT L and KAL are equal.
⇒ ∠LBT = ∠LKA = 90◦ − 2α ⇒ ∠CBK = ∠BKC = 90◦ − α
On the other hand we have:
BK = CK ⇒ ∠CBK = ∠BKC = 60◦ ⇒ α = 30◦
Therefore ∠B = 90◦ − 2α = 30◦ and ∠C = 60◦
Case iii. AC = AB. In this case, K ≡ A and L is the midpoint of AB. Let T
be a point on BC such that LT ⊥BC. We know that the line CL is the internal
bisector of angle C, so LT = LA = LB which is impossible.
10
5. Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral with these properties: √

∠ADC = 135◦ and ∠ADB−∠ABD = 2∠DAB = 4∠CBD. If BC = 2CD
prove that AB = BC + AD.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Suppose that ∠CBD = α, so ∠DAB = 2α, therefore:
∠ADB − ∠ABD = 4α , ∠ADB + ∠ABD = 180◦ − 2α
⇒ ∠ADB = 90◦ + α , ∠ABD = 90◦ − 3α ⇒ ∠DAB + ∠CBA = 90◦
Let P be intersection point of AD and BC. So we have ∠AP
√
B = 90◦ . On the
other hand we know that ∠P DC = 45◦ , therefore P D = 22 CD = BC
2
Let the point Q be the reflection of point D in point P , Thus QD = 2P D = BC.

We know that two triangles DP B and QP B are congruent. So ∠CBD =
∠CBQ = α, therefore ∠ABQ = 90◦ − α. On the other hand ∠DAB = 2α, so
the triangle ABQ is isosceles.
⇒ AB = AQ ⇒ AB = DQ + AD = BC + AD
.
11
Solutions of 3nd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2016 (Medium)
1. In trapezoid ABCD with AB k CD, ω1 and ω2 are two circles with di-
ameters AD and BC, respectively. Let X and Y be two arbitrary points on ω1
and ω2 , respectively. Show that the length of segment XY is not more than
half of the perimeter of ABCD.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
First solution.
Let O1 and O2 be the centers of circles ω1 and ω2 , respectively. It’s clear that
O1 and O2 are the midpoints of AD and BC, respectively.
AD BC AB + CD
XO1 = , Y O2 = , O 1 O2 =
2 2 2
AB + BC + CD + DA
⇒ XY ≤ XO1 + O1 O2 + Y O2 =
2
12
Second solution.
The farthest points of two circles lie on their center line.
And it’s clear in the figure that:

AD AB + CD BC
XO1 = , O1 O2 = , Y O2 =
2 2 2
13
2. Let two circles C1 and C2 intersect in points A and B. The tangent to C1

at A intersects C2 in P and the line P B intersects C1 for the second time in Q
(suppose that Q is outside C2 ). The tangent to C2 from Q intersects C1 and
C2 in C and D, respectively (The points A and D lie on different sides of the
line P Q). Show that AD is bisector of the angle CAP .
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
We know that:
∠CAB = ∠CQB , ∠DAB = ∠BDQ
⇒ ∠CAD = ∠CAB + ∠DAB = ∠CQB + ∠BDQ = ∠P BD = ∠P AD
Therefore AD is the bisector of ∠CAP .
14
3. Find all positive integers N such that there exists a triangle which can be
dissected into N similar quadrilaterals.
P roposed by N ikolai Beluhov (Bulgaria) and M orteza Saghaf ian
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
For N = 1 it’s clear that this is impossible. Also for N = 2 this dissection is
impossible too, because one of the two quadrilaterals is convex and the other is
concave. For N ≥ 3 we can do this kind of dissection in equilateral triangle.
15
4. Let ω be the circumcircle of right-angled triangle ABC (∠A = 90◦ ). Tangent

to ω at point A intersects the line BC in point P . Suppose that M is the
midpoint of (the smaller) arc AB, and P M intersects ω for the second time in
Q. Tangent to ω at point Q intersects AC in K. Prove that ∠P KC = 90◦ .
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Suppose that AB < AC. It’s enough to show that P K k AB.
AQ PQ MB PB
4P M A ∼ 4P AQ ⇒ = , 4P M B ∼ 4P CQ ⇒ =
MA PA QC PQ
AC PA
4P BA ∼ 4P AC ⇒ =
BA PB
We know that M A = M B, so according to above three equations we can say
that:
AQ BA
= (1)
QC AC
KA KQ AQ KA AQ 2
4KAQ ∼ 4KQC ⇒ = = ⇒ =( ) (2)
KQ KC QC KC QC
PB PA BA PB BA 2
4P BA ∼ 4P AC ⇒ = = ⇒ =( ) (3)
PA PC AC PC AC
KA PB
(1), (2), (3) ⇒ = ⇒ P K k AB
KC PC
16
The solution is the same in case of AB > AC.

17
5. Let the circles ω and ω 0 intersect in points A and B. Tangent to circle ω at A

the internal bisector of ∠CAD intersects ω and ω 0 at E and F , respectively, and
the external bisector of ∠CAD intersects ω and ω 0 in X and Y , respectively.
Prove that the perpendicular bisector of XY is tangent to the circumcircle of
triangle BEF .
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Suppose that P is the intersection point of XE and Y F . We know that:
∠EXA = ∠EAC = ∠EAD = ∠F Y A = α ⇒ P X = P Y
∠ABE = ∠EXA = α , ∠ABF = 180◦ − ∠F Y A = 180◦ − α
⇒ ∠EBF = ∠XP Y = 180◦ − 2α ⇒ P EBF : cyclic
EF ⊥XY ⇒ ∠P EF = ∠AEX = ∠AF Y ⇒ PE = PF
We proved that P E = P F and the quadrilateral P EBF is cyclic. Therefore, P
is the midpoint of arc EF in the circumcircle of triangle BEF . Also we know
that the perpendicular bisector of XY is parallel to EF and passes through P .
So the perpendicular bisector of XY is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle
BEF at P .
18
Solutions of 3nd Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2016 (Advanced)
1. Let the circles ω and ω 0 intersect in A and B. Tangent to circle ω at A

CD intersects ω and ω 0 in E and F , respectively (assume that E is between F
and C). The perpendicular to AC from E intersects ω 0 in point P and perpen-
dicular to AD from F intersects ω in point Q (The points A, P and Q lie on
the same side of the line CD). Prove that the points A, P and Q are collinear.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
We know that:
∠AF C = ∠AED = 180◦ − ∠CAD , ∠AEF = 180◦ − ∠AQD
⇒ ∠AF D = ∠AQD
So the point Q is the reflection of the point F in the line AD. Similarly we can
say the point P is the reflection of the point E in the line AC. Therefore:
∠DAQ = ∠DAF = ∠ACD , ∠CAP = ∠CAE = ∠CDA
⇒ ∠DAQ + ∠CAD + ∠CAP = ∠ACD + ∠CAD + ∠CDA = 180◦
So the points A, P and Q are collinear.
19
2. In acute-angled triangle ABC, altitude of A meets BC at D, and M is

midpoint of AC. Suppose that X is a point such that ∠AXB = ∠DXM =
90◦ (assume that X and C lie on opposite sides of the line BM ). Show that
∠XM B = 2∠M BC.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
First solution.
Let N be the midpoint of side AB. So M N k BC and ∠M BC = ∠N M B.
Therefore it’s enough to show that the line M N is the bisector of ∠XM B.
∠ADB = ∠AXB = 90◦ ⇒ AXDB : cyclic
⇒ ∠BXD = ∠BAD = 90◦ −∠ABC ⇒ ∠BXM = 180◦ −∠ABC = ∠BN M

⇒ BN XM ; cyclic , AN = N X = BN ⇒ ∠BM N = ∠XM N
20
Second solution.
Let P be the intersection point of XM and BC. Suppose that Q is the point
such that the quadrilateral ADBQ be a rectangle. We know that:
∠DXP = ∠ADP = 90◦ ⇒ ∠ADX = ∠XP D
Also we know that AXDBQ is cyclic, so:
∠ADX = ∠AQX ⇒ ∠AQX = ∠XP D
So Q, X and P are collinear because AQ k BP .
AM = M C and AQ k BP ⇒ QM = M P
Now we know that ∠QBC = 90◦ , thus:
QM = BM = M P ⇒ ∠XM B = 2∠M BC
21
3. In a convex qualrilateral ABCD, let P be the intersection point of AC and

BD. Suppose that I1 and I2 are the incenters of triangles P AB and P DC
respectively. Let O be the circumcenter of P AB, and H the orthocenter of
P DC. Show that the circumcircles of triangles AI1 B and DHC are tangent
together if and only if the circumcircles of triangles AOB and DI2 C are tangent
together.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Suppose that the circumcircles of triangles AI1 B and DHC is tangent together
at point K. Let Q be the second intersection point of circumcircles of triangles
AKD and BKC. we know that:
∠DHC = ∠DKC = 180◦ − ∠P
∠P + ∠P DK + ∠P CK = ∠DKC ⇒ ∠P DK + ∠P CK = 180◦ − 2∠P

AQKD : cyclic ⇒ ∠AQK = 180◦ − ∠P DK
BQKC : cyclic ⇒ ∠BQK = 180◦ − ∠P CK
⇒ ∠AQB = ∠P DK+∠P CK = 180◦ −2∠P = 180◦ −∠AOB ⇒ AOBQ : cyclic
Also we have ∠AKD = ∠AQD , ∠BKC = ∠BQC and ∠AQB = ∠DKC −∠P .
So ∠CQD = ∠AKB + ∠P = 180◦ − ∠AI1 B + ∠P = 90◦ + ∠P
2 = ∠CI2 D.
22
So the qudrilateral CDQI2 is cyclic. So we have to show that circumcircles of

triangles AOB and DI2 C is tangent together at the point Q. It’s enough to
show that:
∠ABQ + ∠DCQ = ∠AQD
We know that the circumcircles of triangles AI1 B and DHC are tangent to-
gether at the point K, so we have:
∠ABK + ∠DCK = ∠AKD
⇒ (∠ABQ + ∠KBQ) + (∠DCQ − ∠KCQ) = ∠AKD

We know that ∠KBQ = ∠KCQ and ∠AKD = ∠AQD, So:
∠ABQ + ∠DCQ = ∠AQD
Therefore the circumcircles of triangles AOB and DI2 C are tangent together
at point Q.
On the other side of the problem, Suppose that the circumcircles of triangles
CI2 D and AOB are tangent together at point Q. Let the point K be the second
intersection of circumcircles of triangles AQD and BQC. Similarly we can show
that the circumcircles of triangles AI1 B and DHC are tangent together at the
point K.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Comment.
Also there is another solution using inversion with respect to a circle with
Michel’s point of the quadrilateral as its center.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
23
4. In a convex quadrilateral ABCD, the lines AB and CD meet at point E

and the lines AD and BC meet at point F . Let P be the intersection point
of diagonals AC and BD. Suppose that ω1 is a circle passing through D and
tangent to AC at P . Also suppose that ω2 is a circle passing through C and
tangent to BD at P . Let X be the intersection point of ω1 and AD, and Y
be the intersection point of ω2 and BC. Suppose that the circles ω1 and ω2
intersect each other in Q for the second time. Prove that the perpendicular
from P to the line EF passes through the circumcenter of triangle XQY .
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
First solution.
Lemma 1. In the convex quadrilateral ABCD, the lines AB and CD meet

at point E and the lines AD and BC meet at point F . Let point P be the
intersection of AC and BD. Suppose that X and Y be two arbitrary points on
AD and BC, respectively. If BC ∩ P X = U and AD ∩ P Y = V , then the lines
XY , U V and EF are concurrent.
proof.
Let point Z be the intersection of XY and U V . Suppose that P F ∩ U V = L
and P F ∩ CD = K. We know that:
(Z, L, V, U ) = −1 , (E, K, D, C) = −1
If ZF intersects CD in E 0 , so we can say that (E 0 , K, D, C) = −1. Therefore

E ≡ E 0 , so the lines XY , U V and EF are concurrent.
24
Lemma 2. In the cyclic quadrilateral ABCD with circumcenter O, the lines

AB and CD meet at point E and the lines AD and BC meet at point F . If
point P be the intersection of AC and BD, then P O⊥EF .
proof.
Let ω be the circumcircle of quadrilateral ABCD. Suppose that point R is the
intersection of tangents to circle ω at A and C, and point S is the intersection
of tangents to circle ω at B and D.
According to Pascal’s theorem in Hexagonal AABCCD and ABBCDD, we can
say that points R and S lie on line EF .
We know that polar of the point R with respect to circle ω passes through P .
So polar of the point P with respect to circle ω passes through R. Similarly,
we can say that polar of the point P with respect to circle ω passes through S.
Therefore polar of the point P with respect to circle ω is EF . So P O⊥EF .
25
Suppose that P X intersects BC in point U , and P Y intersects AD in point V .
∠XQP = α ⇒ ∠XDP = ∠XP A = ∠U P C = α
∠Y QP = θ ⇒ ∠Y CP = ∠Y P B = ∠V P D = θ
⇒ ∠XV Y = ∠XQY = ∠XU Y = α + θ ⇒ QV XY U : cyclic
Let point O be the circumcenter of QV XY U . According to lemma 1, we can

say that XY , U V and EF are concurrent at point Z. Now according to lamme
2, we can say that P O⊥EF . So the perpendicular from P to EF passes through
the circumcircle of triangle XQY .
26
Second solution.
Suppose that point O is the circumcenter of triangle XQY . The inversion with
respect to a circle with center P trasnforms the problem into this figure. Suppose
that X 0 is the inversion of point X wrt P . We have to show that the line P O0
is the diameter of circumcircle of triangle E 0 P F 0 . Let O00 be the circumcenter
of triangle X 0 Q0 Y 0 . We know that the points P , O0 and O00 are collinear. So
we have to show that he line P O00 passes through the circumcenter of triangle
E0P F 0.
Suppose that O1 , O2 , O3 and O4 are the centers of circles in the above figure
and K be the intersection point of O1 O3 and O2 O4 . We know that point K
lies on perpendicular bisector of P E 0 and P F 0 , thus K is the circumcenter of
triangle P E 0 F 0 . So we have to show that P , K and O00 are collinear. On the
other hand, we know that the quadrilateral D0 B 0 Y 0 Q0 is isosceles trapezoid. So
the point O00 lies on perpendicular bisector of B 0 D0 . Similarly, the point O00 lies
on perpendicular bisector of A0 C 0 . Therefore, the point O00 is the intersection
of A0 C 0 and B 0 D0 .
27
Suppose that:
A0 C 0 ∩ O1 O2 = M , A0 C 0 ∩ O3 O4 = T
B 0 D0 ∩ O2 O3 = N , B 0 D0 ∩ O1 O4 = L
Let points U and V be on A0 C 0 such that KU ⊥A0 C 0 and O00 V ⊥A0 C 0 . Also let
points R and S be on B 0 D0 such that KR⊥B 0 D0 and O00 S⊥B 0 D0 .
We know that O1 O2 and O3 O4 are perpendicular to A0 C 0 . So O1 O2 k O3 O4

Similarly O2 O3 k O1 O4 , therefore the quadrilateral O1 O2 O3 O4 is a parallelo-
gram. It means that the point K lies on the midpoint of the segments O1 O3
and O2 O4 . So U M = U T . Also we have A0 M = P M and C 0 T = P T
⇒ P V = A0 V − A0 P = (P M + P T ) − 2P M = P T − P M
⇒ TV = PT − PV = PM ⇒ UP = UV
Similarly, we can show that RP = RS, so point K lies on the perpendicular
bisector of P V and P S. It means that K is the citcumcenter of triangle P SV .
Therefore the points P , K and O00 are collinear.
28
5. Do there exist six points X1 , X2 , Y1 , Y2 , Z1 , Z2 in the plane such that all of

the triangles Xi Yj Zk are similar for 1 ≤ i, j, k ≤ 2.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution. (by Ilya Bogdanov f rom Russia)
Suppose a triangle XY Z, in such a way that XY = 1, Y Z = t2 , ZX = t3 and
∠Z = ∠X + 2∠Y .
Such a triangle exists, because for the minimum possible value of t, we have
∠Z > ∠X + 2∠Y and for t = 1 we have ∠Z < ∠X + 2∠Y . So there exists a
triangle with the above properties. Now consider the following 6 points, these
points have the properties of the problem.
29
So there exist the points X1 , X2 , Y1 , Y2 , Z1 , Z2 in the plane such that Xi Yj Zk

be the similar triangles for all of 1 ≤ i, j, k ≤ 2
4th Iranian Geometry Olympiad
Problems and Solutions - 2017

This booklet is prepared by Hirad Aalipanah, Iman Maghsoudi.
With special thanks to Morteza Saghafian, Mahdi Etesami Fard,
Davood Vakili, Hooman Fattahimoghaddam.
Copyright Young
c Scholars Club 2017. All rights reserved.
Ministry of education, Islamic Republic of Iran.
www.ysc.ac.ir - www.igo-official.ir
1
Problems of 4th Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2017 (Elementary)
1. Each side of square ABCD with side length of 4 is divided into equal parts
by three points. Choose one of the three points from each side, and connect the
points consecutively to obtain a quadrilateral. Which numbers can be the area of
this quadrilateral? Just write the numbers without proof.
P roposed by Hirad Aalipanah
2. Find the angles of triangle ABC.
3. In the regular pentagon ABCDE, the perpendicular at C to CD meets AB

at F . Prove that AE + AF = BE.
P roposed by Alireza Cheraghi
2
4. P1 , P2 ,..., P100 are 100 points on the plane, no three of them are collinear. For
each three points, call their triangle clockwise if the increasing order of them is in
clockwise order. Can the number of clockwise triangles be exactly 2017?
5. In the isosceles triangle ABC (AB = AC), let l be a line parallel to BC through
A. Let D be an arbitrary point on l. Let E, F be the feet of perpendiculars through
A to BD, CD respectively. Suppose that P , Q are the images of E, F on l. Prove
that AP + AQ ≤ AB.
3
Problems of 4th Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2017 (Intermediate)
1. Let ABC be an acute-angled triangle with A = 60◦ . Let E, F be the feet of

altitudes through B, C respectively. Prove that CE − BF = 23 (AC − AB).
P roposed by F atemeh Sajadi
2. Two circles ω1 , ω2 intersect at A, B. An arbitrary line through B meets ω1 ,

ω2 at C, D respectively. The points E, F are chosen on ω1 , ω2 respectively so that
CE = CB, BD = DF . Suppose that BF meets ω1 at P , and BE meets ω2 at Q.
Prove that A, P , Q are collinear.
3. On the plane, n points are given (n > 2). No three of them are collinear. Through
each two of them the line is drawn, and among the other given points, the one nearest
to this line is marked (in each case this point occurred to be unique). What is the
maximal possible number of marked points for each given n?
P roposed by Boris F renkin (Russia)
5. Let X, Y be two points on the side BC of triangle ABC such that 2XY = BC.
(X is between B, Y ) Let AA0 be the diameter of the circumcircle of triangle AXY .
Let P be the point where AX meets the perpendicular from B to BC, and Q be
the point where AY meets the perpendicular from C to BC. Prove that the tangent
line from A0 to the circumcircle of AXY passes through the circumcenter of triangle
AP Q.
4
Problems of 4th Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2017 (Advanced)
1. In triangle ABC, the incircle, with center I, touches the side BC at point D.
Line DI meets AC at X. The tangent line from X to the incircle (different from AC)
intersects AB at Y . If Y I and BC intersect at point Z, prove that AB = BZ.
2. We have six pairwise non-intersecting circles that the radius of each is at least
one. Prove that the radius of any circle intersecting all the six circles, is at least one.
P roposed by M ohammad Ali Abam− M orteza Saghaf ian
3. Let O be the circumcenter of triangle ABC. Line CO intersects the altitude

through A at point K. Let P , M be the midpoints of AK, AC respectively. If P O
intersects BC at Y , and the circumcircle of triangle BCM meets AB at X, prove
that BXOY is cyclic.
P roposed by Ali Daeinabi − Hamid P ardazi
4. Three circles ω1 , ω2 , ω3 are tangent to line l at points A, B, C (B lies between

A, C) and ω2 is externally tangent to the other two. Let X, Y be the intersection
points of ω2 with the other common external tangent of ω1 , ω3 . The perpendicular
line through B to l meets ω2 again at Z. Prove that the circle with diameter AC
touches ZX, ZY .
P roposed by Iman M aghsoudi − Siamak Ahmadpour
5. Sphere S touches a plane. Let A, B, C, D be four points on this plane such

that no three of them are collinear. Consider the point A0 such that S is tangent to
the faces of tetrahedron A0 BCD. Points B 0 , C 0 , D0 are defined similarly. Prove that
A0 , B 0 , C 0 , D0 are coplanar and the plane A0 B 0 C 0 D0 touches S.
5
Solutions of 4th Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2017 (Elementary)
1. Each side of square ABCD with side length of 4 is divided into equal parts
by three points. Choose one of the three points from each side, and connect the
points consecutively to obtain a quadrilateral. Which numbers can be the area of
this quadrilateral? Just write the numbers without proof.
P roposed by Hirad Aalipanah

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
To find the area of the quadrilaterals, it’s enough to find sum of the areas of four
right triangles and subtract it from area of the square. Finally, these numberes will
be found:
6, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 10
6
2. Find the angles of triangle ABC.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Let ∠ACB = x. The quadrilateral with equal sides in triangle ABC is a rhom-
bus so it has parallel sides.
According to the angles shown in the figure, we can say that sum of the angles of
triangle ABC is equal to 180◦ .
x
(90◦ − ) + 2x + x = 180◦ ⇒ x = 36◦
2
⇒ ∠A = 72◦ , ∠B = 72◦ , ∠C = 36◦
7
3. In the regular pentagon ABCDE, the perpendicular at C to CD meets AB at F .
Prove that AE + AF = BE.
P roposed by Alireza Cheraghi

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Suppose that P is the intersection of AE and F C. We know that:
∠ECD = 36◦ ⇒ ∠ECP = 54◦ , ∠AEC = 72◦ ⇒ ∠EP C = 54◦
Therefore, CE = P E. On the other hand, we know that ∠ECB = ∠EBC = 72◦ .

Therefore, BE = CE = P E. Also we have ∠EAB = 108◦ so ∠AF P = ∠AP F = 54◦ .
It means that AF = AP .
⇒ AE + AF = AE + AP = P E = CE = BE
8
4. P1 , P2 ,..., P100 are 100 points on the plane, no three of them are collinear. For
each three points, call their triangle clockwise if the increasing order of them is in
clockwise order. Can the number of clockwise triangles be exactly 2017?

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
First, suppose that P1 , P2 ,..., P100 are located on a circle in a counter-clockwise order.
In this case, the number of clockwise triangles is zero. Now, start to move the points,
when a point Pi passes through a line Pj Pk , the state of triangle Pi Pj Pk (clockwise
or counter-clockwise) changes and the state of the other triangles does not change
(assume that the points move in such a way that no point passes through two lines
at the same time). So the number of clockwise triangles changes by one. Suppose
that the points P1 , P2 ,..., P100 move to obtain their
clockwise order on a circle. In this
100
case, the number of clockwise triangles is 3 which is greater than 2017. In this
process, the number of clockwise triangles changes one by one. So there is a moment
in which the number of clockwise triangles is exactly 2017.
9

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution1.
Suppose that M , N are the midpoints of AB , AC respectively. We have:

AB AC
∠AEB = ∠AF C = 90◦ ⇒ ME = NF = =
2 2
Let X, Y be the feet of perpendiculars through M , N to line l respectively. We know
that two triangles AM A and AN Y are equal so AX = AY .
AB AC
XP = AX + AP ≤ M E = , AQ − AY = Y Q ≤ N F =
2 2
⇒ AP + AQ ≤ AB
10
Solution2.
Let P 0 , E 0 , be the reflection of P , E with respect to the perpendicular bisector

of BC. Therefore, we have ∠AE 0 C = ∠AP 0 E = 90◦ and AP 0 = AP . We have:
AP + AQ = AP 0 + AQ = QP 0 ≤ F E 0 ≤ AC = AB
11
Solutions of 4th Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2017 (Intermediate)
1. Let ABC be an acute-angled triangle with A = 60◦ . Let E, F be the feet of

altitudes through B, C respectively. Prove that CE − BF = 23 (AC − AB).
P roposed by F atemeh Sajadi

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
AB AC
∠A = 60◦ ⇒ ∠ABF = ACF = 30◦ ⇒ AE = , AF =
2 2
⇒ CE − BF = (AC − AE) − (AB − AF )
3
= (AC − AB) + (AF − AE) = (AC − AB)
2
12
2. Two circles ω1 , ω2 intersect at A, B. An arbitrary line through B meets ω1 , ω2
at C, D respectively. The points E, F are chosen on ω1 , ω2 respectively so that
CE = CB, BD = DF . Suppose that BF meets ω1 at P , and BE meets ω2 at Q.
Prove that A, P , Q are collinear.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
We know that:
∠BF D = ∠DBF = 180◦ − ∠CBP = ∠CEP
⇒ ∠CEB + ∠BEP = ∠BF Q + ∠QF D
∠CEB = ∠CBE = ∠QBD = ∠QF D
⇒ ∠BEP = ∠BF Q ⇒ ∠BAP = ∠BEP = ∠BF Q = ∠BAQ
So A, P , Q are collinear.
13
3. On the plane, n points are given (n > 2). No three of them are collinear. Through
each two of them the line is drawn, and among the other given points, the one nearest
to this line is marked (in each case this point occurred to be unique). What is the
maximal possible number of marked points for each given n?
P roposed by Boris F renkin (Russia)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
The case n = 3 is obvious. For n > 4, take a regular n-gon and slightly deform
it to make the assumptions of the problem valid. Each vertex is the nearest to the
line connecting two adjacent vertices (this is directly proved by computing angles).
If n = 4 then two cases are possible.
1) The given points form a convex quadrilateral (say ABCD). Since for each side
the nearest vertex is unique, no two sides are parallel. Let lines AD and BC meet
beyond A and B, and lines AB and CD meet beyond B and C respectively. Then
points A, B and C are marked. Suppose D is marked as well. Then it is the nearest
vertex to AC, and the area of 4 ACD is less than that of 4 ACB. On the other
hand, draw the line through C parallel to AD. Let it meet AB at point E. Then
CE < AD, so S4 ACD > S4 ACE > S4 ACB , a contradiction.
2) One of the given points (say O) is inside the triangle ABC formed by the re-
maining points. Obviously O is nearest of the given points to lines AB, BC and AC.
Without loss of generality, the nearest point to line AO is B. If the nearest point
to line BO is A then C cannot be marked. Suppose the nearest point to line BO is
C. If the remaining point A is also marked then it is nearest to line CO. Let line
AO intersect BC at point A1 , and let points B1 , C1 be defined similarly. We have
S4 AA1 B < S4 AA1 C , hence A1 B < A1 C. Similarly B1 C < B1 A, C1 A < C1 B. Then
A1 B · B1 C · C1 A < A1 C · B1 A · C1 B, a contradiction with Ceva theorem.
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Comment.
In fact, it is not necessary to apply Ceva theorem. Let MA , MB , MC be the bases

of the corresponding medians, and M be the centroid. Then O must belong to the
interior of each of triangles M MA B, M MB C, M MC A which is impossible.
14

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution1.
Suppose that M , N are the midpoints of AB , AC respectively. We have:

AB AC
∠AEB = ∠AF C = 90◦ ⇒ ME = NF = =
2 2
Let X, Y be the feet of perpendiculars through M , N to line l respectively. We know
that two triangles AM A and AN Y are equal so AX = AY .
AB AC
XP = AX + AP ≤ M E = , AQ − AY = Y Q ≤ N F =
2 2
⇒ AP + AQ ≤ AB
15
Solution2.
Let P 0 , E 0 , be the reflection of P , E respect to the perpendicular bisector of BC.

Therefore, we have ∠AE 0 C = ∠AP 0 E = 90◦ and AP 0 = AP . We have:
AP + AQ = AP 0 + AQ = QP 0 ≤ F E 0 ≤ AC = AB
16
5. Let X, Y be two points on the side BC of triangle ABC such that 2XY = BC.
(X is between B, Y ) Let AA0 be the diameter of the circumcircle of triangle AXY .
Let P be the point where AX meets the perpendicular from B to BC, and Q be
the point where AY meets the perpendicular from C to BC. Prove that the tangent
line from A0 to the circumcircle of AXY passes through the circumcenter of triangle
AP Q.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Let O, M , N be the circumcenter of triangle AP Q, midpoint of AP , midpoint of AQ

respectively. We know that ∠OM A = ∠ON A = 90◦ so the quadrilateral AM ON is
cyclic. We have to prove ∠OA0 A = 90◦ . Therefore, we have to show that AM OA0 N
is cyclic. It’s enought to show that the quadrilateral AM A0 N is cyclic. We should
prove ∠A0 XM = ∠A0 N Y . We will show that 4A0 N Y ∼ 4A0 XM .
We know that the quadrilateral AXA0 Y is cyclic so ∠A0 XM = ∠A0 Y N . Therefore,

it’s enough to show that:
A0 X A0 Y
= (1)
MX NY
17
Let H, K, M 0 , N 0 be the feet of perpendiculars through A, A0 , M , N to BC respec-
tively. We know that M , N are the midpoints of AP , AQ so we have:
BH
BM 0 = HM 0 ⇒ XM 0 = HM 0 − XH = − XH (2)
2
CH BC − BH
CN 0 = HN 0 ⇒ Y N 0 = HY − HN 0 = HY − = (XY − XH) −
2 2
BC BH BH
⇒ Y N 0 = (XY − )+( − XH) = − XH (3)
2 2 2
According to the equations (2), (3) we can say that XM 0 = Y N 0 . On the other hand,
we have AA0 is the diameter of the circumcircle of triangle AXY . Therefore:
∠A0 Y A = ∠A0 XA = 90◦ ⇒ ∠KA0 Y = ∠N Y N 0 , ∠KA0 X = ∠M XM 0
⇒ 4A0 KX ∼ 4XM 0 M , 4A0 KY ∼ 4Y N 0 N

A0 X A0 K A0 K A0 Y A0 X A0 Y
⇒ = , = ⇒ =
MX XM 0 NY 0 NY MX NY
So equation (1) is proved.
18
Solutions of 4th Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2017 (Advanced)
1. In triangle ABC, the incircle, with center I, touches the side BC at point D.
Line DI meets AC at X. The tangent line from X to the incircle (different from AC)
intersects AB at Y . If Y I and BC intersect at point Z, prove that AB = BZ.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
In triangle AXY , the point I is excenter so ∠XIY = 90◦ − A2 .
A A
⇒ ∠DIZ = 90◦ − ⇒ ∠IZB = = ∠BAI
2 2
Also we know that ∠IBZ = ∠IBA and BI = BI so two triangles ABI and ZBI are
equal. Thus, AB = BZ.
19
2. We have six pairwise non-intersecting circles that the radius of each is at least one.
Prove that the radius of any circle intersecting all the six circles, is at least one.
P roposed by M ohammad Ali Abam− M orteza Saghaf ian
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Call the centers of these six circles O1 , O2 ,..., O6 , and their radii R1 , R2 ,..., R6 . Sup-
pose that a circle with center O and radius R intersects these six circles. Obviously
there exist i, j such that Oi OOj < 60◦ . The length of Oi Oj is at least Ri + Rj and the
lengths of OOi , OOj are less than or equal to Ri + R, Rj + R, respectively. If R < 1
then considering Ri , Rj > 1 we conclude that in triangle Oi OOj the longest side is
Oi Oj , so Oi OOj ≥ 60◦ which yields a contradiction. So we must have R ≥ 1.
20
3. Let O be the circumcenter of triangle ABC. Line CO intersects the altitude
through A at point K. Let P , M be the midpoints of AK, AC respectively. If P O
intersects BC at Y , and the circumcircle of triangle BCM meets AB at X, prove
that BXOY is cyclic.
P roposed by Ali Daeinabi − Hamid P ardazi

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
We want to show that ∠XOP = ∠B. We know that:
∠B = ∠XM A ⇒ ∠XM O = 90◦ − ∠B = ∠XAK
We will prove that two triangles XOP and XM A are similar. It’s enough to show
that two triangles XP A and XOM are similar. We have ∠XM O = ∠XAK so it’s
enough to prove:
AX AP
=
XM OM
21
The quadrilateral BXM C is cyclic. Therefore 4AXM ∼ 4ACB.
AX AC
⇒ = (1)
XM BC
The point O is the circumcenter of triangle ABC. Thus, ∠OCA = 90◦ − ∠B and
∠AKC = 180◦ − ∠A. According to law of sines in triangles AKC, OM C and ABC
we can say that:
AC AK OM
= ◦
, OC =
sin∠A sin(90 − ∠B) sin(90◦ − ∠B)
AK AC AP AC AC
⇒ = ⇒ = = (2)
OM OC.sin∠A OM 2OC.sin∠A BC
According to equations (1) and (2), we can conclude that two triangles XP A and
XOM are similar. Therefore two triangles XOP and XM A are similar so:
∠XBP = ∠XM A = ∠B
22
4. Three circles ω1 , ω2 , ω3 are tangent to line l at points A, B, C (B lies between
A, C) and ω2 is externally tangent to the other two. Let X, Y be the intersection
points of ω2 with the other common external tangent of ω1 , ω3 . The perpendicular
line through B to l meets ω2 again at Z. Prove that the circle with diameter AC
touches ZX, ZY .
P roposed by Iman M aghsoudi − Siamak Ahmadpour

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Let S be the intersection of XY and l. Suppose that ω1 , ω2 are tangent to each

other at point E and ω2 , ω3 are tangent to each other at point F . We know that S is
the external homothetic center for ω1 , ω3 and E, F are antihomologous points so E,
F , S are collinear. Suppose that XY meets ω1 , ω2 at P , Q respectively so we have:
SE · SF = SP · SQ = SA · SC
Therefore, the quadrilaterals P EF Q and AEF C are cyclic. Let T be the midpoint
of arc XY in circle ω2 (the arc which has not Z).We know that the line tangent to
ω2 at T is parallel to XY so T , E, P are collinear. Similarly T , Q, F are collinear.
TE · TP = TF · TQ ⇒ Pω1 (T ) = Pω3 (T ) (1)

On the other hand, the line which is tangent to ω2 at Z is parallel to l so Z, E, A
are collinear. Similarly Z, F , C are collinear.
ZE · ZA = ZF · ZC ⇒ Pω1 (Z) = Pω3 (Z) (2)
23
According to the equations (1), (2) we can say that ZT is the radical axis of ω1 , ω3 .
Therefore, if M is the midpoint of AC then Z, T , M are collinear because M lies on
radical axis of ω1 , ω3 too. Let D be the intersection of ZM , P Q and H be the feet
of perpendiculars through Z to P Q. We know that:
|∠ZXY − ∠ZY X|
∠HZD = ∠M ZB = =α
2
Let x = ZY , y = ZX, t = XY . We can say that:
ZB ZB ZB ZB 2xy (∠XZY )
AM = = ZH = · ZD = · · cos
cos α ZD
ZH ZH x + y 2
To prove the problem, it’s enough to show that the distances of M from two lines
ZX, ZY are equal to AC2
. Thus, we have to show that:
∠XZY AC
AM · sin =
2 2
(∠XZY ) ZB 2xy
⇐⇒ 2AM · sin = · · sin (∠XZY ) = AC
2 ZH x + y
On the other hand, we have:
1 1 xy sin (∠XZY )
S4XY Z = t · ZH = xy sin (∠XZY ) ⇒ t=
2 2 ZH
So it’s enough to show that:
2t · ZB
AC =
x+y
24
We know that:
∠BF Z = ∠BEZ = 90◦ ⇒ ZB 2 = ZE · ZA = ZF · ZC
Therefore, lenghts of tangents from Z to ω1 , ω3 are equal to ZB. Now, According

to Casey’s theorem (generalization of Ptolemy’s theorem) in two cyclic quadrilaterals
ZY ω1 X and ZXω3 Y we can say that:
ZY ω1 X : x · P X + y · (t + P X) = t · ZB ⇒ (x + y)P X + yt = t · ZB
ZXω3 Y : y · Y Q + x · (t + Y Q) = t · ZB ⇒ (x + y)Y Q + xt = t · ZB
2t · ZB 2t · ZB
⇒ PX + Y Q + t = ⇒ AC =
x+y x+y
25
5. Sphere S touches a plane. Let A, B, C, D be four points on this plane such that
no three of them are collinear. Consider the point A0 such that S is tangent to the
faces of tetrahedron A0 BCD. Points B 0 , C 0 , D0 are defined similarly. Prove that A0 ,
B 0 , C 0 , D0 are coplanar and the plane A0 B 0 C 0 D0 touches S.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
Solution.
Let S touch the plane at point P . D is the point of concurrency of the planes
passing through AB, BC, CA and touching S (similarly for A0 , B 0 , C 0 ). Suppose
that the plane passing through X, Y and touching S, touches it at Pxy . The points
P , Pab , Pac , Pad are on a circle Wa , because when we connect them to P , the resulted
line touches S. Similarly we can find other triples which are concyclic with P , name
the circles with Wb , Wc , Wd . Now use inversion with center P and arbitrary radius,
we get 4 lines with three points on each line. Considering the concurrency of four
circles at Michels Point we conclude that the circles Pab Pbc Pca , Pab Pbd Pda , Pac Pcd Pda ,
Pbc Pcd Pdb (call them Wd0 , Wc0 , Wb0 , Wa0 ) are concurrent on S at a point P 0 . Wd0 is
the locus of feet of tangencies from D0 to S, so D0 P 0 is tangent to S and D0 is on
the tangent plane at P 0 to S. Similarly we conclude that A0 , B 0 , C 0 are also on the
tangent plane at P 0 to S. So A0 , B 0 , C 0 , D0 are coplanar and this plane is tangent to
S.
26

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Iran’s Geometry Problems

Problems and Solutions from Contests

Iranian Geometry Olympiads website: www.igo-official.ir

1.(Geometry Olympiad(Junior and Senior level)) In a right triangle ABC

Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard

2.(Geometry Olympiad(Junior Level)) The inscribed circle of 4ABC touches

Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard

3.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) Each of Mahdi and Morteza has

Proposed by Morteza Saghafian

4.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) In a triangle ABC we have ∠C =

Proposed by Morteza Saghafian

5.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) Two points X, Y lie on the arc BC of

Proposed by Mahan Tajrobekar

6.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) In a quadrilateral ABCD we have

Proposed by Davood Vakili

7.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) An acute-angled triangle ABC is given.

Proposed by Ali Zooelm

8.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) The tangent line to circumcircle of the

Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard

9.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) Two points P , Q lie on the side BC

Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard

10.(IGO Short list)Suppose that I is incenter of 4ABC and CI inresects AB

Proposed by Ali Zooelm

1.(Geometry Olympiad(Junior and Senior Level)) In a right triangle ABC

Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard

∠AN K = ∠N KC + ∠ACB = 60◦

∠KAN = ∠KM N = 30◦ , ∠AM K = 60◦

We know that K is the circumcenter of 4ABC. So we can say KM = KC = AK.

∠KM N = 30◦ ⇒ M N ⊥BC

2.(Geometry Olympiad(Junior Level)) The inscribed circle of 4ABC touches

Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard

3.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) Each of Mahdi and Morteza has

Proposed by Morteza Saghafian

4.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) In a triangle ABC we have ∠C =

Proposed by Morteza Saghafian

∠CED = ∠CEP = ∠CQP = ∠CQA = ∠CBA = ∠B.

5.(Geometry Olympiad (Junior Level)) Two points X, Y lie on the arc BC of

Proposed by Mahan Tajrobekar

Hense BM + CM > AY.

6.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) In a quadrilateral ABCD we have

Proposed by Davood Vakili

We want to prove that if AB = BP then ∠M XB = 60◦ .

∠X 0 P M = 360◦ − ∠M P B − ∠BP X 0 = 360◦ − ∠DCB − ∠BAM 0 = 120◦

M P k DC, so we can say ∠P M D = 120◦ . If we draw the line passing through

Now we prove if ∠M XB = 60◦ then AB = BP .

∠XP 0 M 0 = 360◦ − ∠M 0 P 0 B − ∠BP 0 X = 360◦ − ∠DCA − ∠BAM = 120◦

Also ∠P 0 M 0 D = 120◦ . Therefore quadrilateral XP 0 M 0 D is isosceles trapezoid and

7.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) An acute-angled triangle ABC is given.

Proposed by Ali Zooelm

Also AP.P K = P E.P F = P X.P Y therefore AXKY is(...??) .Therefore

∠XAY = ∠XY K (2)

According to equation 1 and 2 we can say ∠XAY = ∠XY M .

8.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) The tangent line to circumcircle of the

Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard

Let M and N on continuation of XF and XE such that M, L, X, N, K lie on

We know that XF.F M = F L.F K = AF.F C. Therefore AM CX is cyclic and

= ∠A + 180◦ − ∠BXC + ∠ABX + ∠ACX

= ∠A + 180◦ − ∠BXC + ∠BXC − ∠A = 180◦

9.(Geometry Olympiad(Senior level)) Two points P , Q lie on the side BC

Proposed by Mahdi Etesami Fard

sin ∠A1 sin ∠F1 F M

also, for 4F BP and 4CEQ we have

from (3) and (4) we have