Volcano a mountain that has an

opening at the top where it emits lava

pyrocloastics materials ( hot rocks,ashes etc…)
from magma chamber under the grounds.

2 main process on how volcano

was formed
1.it was made by 2 tectonic plates come
together the 2 plastics meet the oceanic plates
goes under the continental plates. it will
subduction process.
2.tectonic plates move to the hotspots

CLASSIFICATIONS:
1.ACTIVE VOLCANO that have a record of eruption w/n the last 600-
10,000 yrs.

2.INACTIVE VOLCANO that don’t have records eruption for the past 10,000
yrs but they have the tendency to erupt.

3.DORMANT sleeping volcano

4.EXTINCT dead volcano
Parts of the volcano
WHAT CAUSES THE
VOLCANO TO ERUPT
1.Magma inside the volcano has a very high temperature.

2.As the magma is continuously heat up it goes up.

3.As it rises gas bubbles are formed.

4.Gas bubbles are trapped and expanded causing the molten material
to swell resulting in gradual increase in pressure.

5.When the pressure exceeds the strength of the rock fracturing

occurs.

6.This will result to breaking that leads to further drop in pressure and
tend.

7.Explotion of pyroclastic materials/lava, hot rocks, lava bombs ,ashes

etc.

NATURE OF ERUPTION/FACTOR
AFFECTING THE
ERUPTION/VISCOSITY OF
MAGMA
1.MAGMA’S TEMPERATURE.
2.CHEMICAL COMPOSITION.
3.AMOUNT OF GASES IT
CONTAIN.
VISCOSITY the ppty. of material
resistant to flow
.liquid thickness and stickness.
.the more viscous and thicker the
material is the greater the resistance to
flow.

General classification of eruption

1.Wet 2.dry
Type of volcanic eruption
1.Phreatric/hydrothermal
.stream driven eruption as hot rocks come in contact with water
.short lived characterized by ash columns but may be an onset
of a larger eruption
1.pheatomagmatic
.violent reaction/eruption due to contact between water and magma

.As a result a large column of very fine ash and High speed and sideway
emission of pyroclastic called surges

3.strombolian
.a periodic weak to violent eruption characterized by fountain lava.

5.plinian
.excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastic ex.
Mt.pinatubo (zambales)

4.vulcanian
.characterized by tal;l eruption columns that reach up to
2okm high with pyroclastic flow and ash fall tephra

Types of volcanoes according to

shapes and cone
1.shield volcanoes/cones
.formed by the accumulation of land that oozes out fron the volcano

.since non viscous lava can flow freely a broad slightly domed
structure that resembles a warriors shield form d

Ex. Mauna lao volcano (Hawaii)

2.cinder cones
.are built from ejected lava fragments

.they have steep a lope wide crater and most abundant

Ex. Paricutin volcano (mexico)

3.composite cone/stratovolcanoes
.are large nearly perfect sloped structure formed from alternate
solidification of both and pyroclastic deposit

Ex. Mt.mayon (albay)

Energy from the volcano

.geothermal energy\.heat from the earth interior
2 ways to generate harness
1.geothermal power plants
.the heat from deep is used to produced steam togenerate electricity
Ex.bacon (sorsogon tiwi albay)

2.geothrmal heat plant

. used the heat coming from close to the earth surface to heat vwater
provide heat for building.