Literary Analysis

A wife should be submissive to his husband. The Bible also states that “A woman should learn in
quietness and in full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she
must be silent. For Adam was formed first, then Eve. And Adam was not the one deceived and became
a sinner” (II Timothy 2:11-14).And also “Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands as you do to
the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, his body, of which
he is the Savior” (Ephesians 5:22-23). Traditionally, in Philippines, women accept that they are under
by men. But nowadays, women empowerment became a thing. Women want to be equal to men and
sometimes, want to be above them. Women nowadays are becoming more independent. This literary
analysis doesn’t say that women empowerment is a bad thing. What this literary analysis is proving is
that someone must lead in a relationship. As to how a ruler leads its country . The ruler offers the
citizen protection and in return, the citizen must obey the ruler. Men are obliged to take care of his wife
and in return, women must submit herself to their husband. Men should take care of women as for
women are more physically and emotionally fragile than men.

“Women submitting to their man doesn’t mean women should be doormats. But instead women
should support their man like how a column supports a roof” (Costanza Miriano, 2013). What this
analysis meant in women submitting to their husbands is not the same way as Doña Lupeng wants his
husband to worship her but instead, it is like a captain and a first mate. The captain is in charge in
leading the ship, while the first mate is the one who helps the captain manage the ship. They both play
a big role in maintaining the order in the ship. But, there can’t be two captains in a ship and a captain
alone will not be able to manage the ship well.

Another reason for men to lead in a relationship is emotions. Emotions could lead to regretful
decisions. That is the reason why men are chosen to lead. Because most of the time they are more
emotionally stronger than women. Men could handle their emotions better than women. While women
tend to be carried by their emotions easier. In conclusion, a relationship with the leadership of a man
can lead to a happier and stronger bond.
 Summary

A wife should be submissive to his husband. As for the husband must offer his wife love and protection
and in return, her submission to him. A wife should be a citizen who wholeheartedly supports and
trusts his leader and the husband must be the leader who could make the world a better and safer
place for his citizen to live in. But even though there are dominance and submission in a relationship,
each one of them must still be treated equally. Men and women are the same in the eyes of God. We
are all human being. That is why we all should be treated equally, as a human. And that leads us to
another point, women should be respected, not adored. Adore comes from the Latin word adorare
meaning “to worship”. As what we have mentioned earlier, men and women are equal. What the ritual
Tadtarin claims is that women should be adored, as for women are the ones who gave birth of the men.
But the Bible is against to worshiping any other thing than God himself (Exodus 20:3).
 References

Anon, (2020). [online] Available at:

https://www.quora.com/Why-should-we-respect-women-2?no_redirect=1 [Accessed 13 Jan. 2020].

Life, M. and Tips, R. (2020). What Exactly is an Equal Relationship | Marriage.com. [online] Best
Marriage Advice - Get Marriage Tips from Experts. Available at:
https://www.google.com.ph/amp/s/www.marriage.com/advice/relationship/what-exactly-is-an-equal-rel
ationship/amp/ [Accessed 13 Jan. 2020].

Quora.com. (2020). What would a submissive wife do to her husband? - Quora. [online] Available at:
https://www.quora.com/What-would-a-submissive-wife-do-to-her-husband [Accessed 13 Jan. 2020].

All Pro Dad. (2020). All Pro Dad | Advice for Dads on Parenting, Marriage and Relationships. [online]
Available at: https://www.allprodad.com/respect-towards-women/
https://vocal.media/viva/women-should-be-treated-with-more-respect [Accessed 12 Jan. 2020].

Encyclopedia Britannica. (2020). Nick Joaquin | Biography, Books, & Facts. [online] Available at:
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nick-Joaquin [Accessed 12 Jan. 2020].

Gotquestions.org. (2020). Does a wife have to submit to her husband? | GotQuestions.org. [online]
Available at: https://www.gotquestions.org/amp/wives-submit.html [Accessed 12 Jan. 2020].

il blog di Costanza Miriano. (2020). Marry Him and Be Submissive. [online] Available at:
https://www.google.com/amp/s/costanzamiriano.com/2016/08/31/marry-him-and-be-submissive/amp/
[Accessed 12 Jan. 2020].
Ministry, C. (2020). What does it mean for a wife to submit to her husband? | CARM.org. [online]
Carm.org. Available at: https://carm.org/what-does-it-mean-wife-submit-to-her-husband [Accessed 12
Jan. 2020].

Tusoy (2020). Summer solstice report.. [online] Slideshare.net. Available at:

https://www.slideshare.net/sergiojoseph21/summer-solstice-report-16301973 [Accessed 12 Jan.
2020].

Unfpa.org. (2020). Frequently asked questions about gender equality. [online] Available at:
https://www.unfpa.org/resources/frequently-asked-questions-about-gender-equality [Accessed 12 Jan.
2020].

Marinduque , P. J. (2017, January 26). THE LOVE-SEEKING RITUAL (A SHORT REFLECTION

ABOUT “SUMMER SOLSTICE”). Retrieved January 12, 2020, from
https://literacybetweenodds.wordpress.com/2017/01/26/the-love-seeking-ritual/?fbclid=IwAR2MH1H1
1GT6UjBwtTO5Gyr-Wbivb3ETj9yxFBK0xPQbNttdLMspnmfCako
 Literary Analysis

Women should be respected, not adored. Because women have the same rights to men as a
human being. Every human being shouldn't be worshipped as men and women are the same in the
eyes of God. Women like to be treated in a certain way; women are people just like us. God calls us
to respect all people, especially women. We should also respect women because God respects
women. We are all made in the image of God; so we are all equal. Also, another reason that women
should be treated with more respect is that without women there would not be anybody on this earth
because they are the ones that have to carry a human in them. They then go through intense pain to
bring that person into the world and men could not do that because they can’t and they would be hurt
and probably cry.

Women should have an equal treatment to men. Women are supposed to be protected and care,
women should be respected not abuse, women should be loved not to trash. We born to have a happy
life so men and women should get along without any violences and discrimination happen.

One of Paganism’s ritual was the Tadtarin which was mentioned in Nick Joaquin’s “The Summer
Solstice”, is a ritual of fertility that is performed by women to invoke the gods to grant the blessing of
fertility by dancing around a century old Balete tree. The Tadtarin also promotes worshiping women.
Pagans was the term used by the Early Christians for the people of the Roman Empire who practiced
polytheism. Pagans have been connoted as the “religion of the peasantry”. When Guido kissed Donya
Lupeng’s feet, she felt that something was missing on her as a woman. After she joining the Tadtarin,
she immediately wants to be adored by her husband. But Don Paeng refused and said that he wants to
respect her. In the perspective of this analysis, Don Paeng was right. Women should be respected. For
the fact that we are all human being. We shouldn’t worship one another. Wives should be respected by
their husband and husbands should respect their wives in return.
 The Summer Solstice

The Summer Solstice is a short story written by Nick Joaquin. The book tells the story of a ritual
performed by women to call upon the gods to grant fertility. The ritual they perform is to dance around
a century-old Balete tree. The ritual was known as Tatarin and lasted for three days during the summer
months. The story starts with The Moretas family enjoying the day of St. John’s Festival. Donya Lupen
woke up by a loud screaming. She followed the noise and found out that it was their cook, Amada who
was screaming. Amada’s husband, Entoy, explained that it was the Tadtarin that made her act that
way. The rising action of the story is when Guido, Don Paeng’s younger cousin, makes suggestive
comments to Donya Lupeng propping up his elbows, dragged himself forward on the ground and
solemnly kiss the tips of Donya Lupeng’s shoes. This made Donya Lupeng leave abruptly. She felt that
there is something missing to her as a woman and became jealous and curious to the Tadtarin ritual.
The climax of the story is when Donya Lupeng decided to join the Tadtarin ritual. Don Peang tried to
stop her but the fellow women ganged up on him. Entoy found Don Paeng bleeding and with bruises
and they immediately went home with Donya Lupeng. The falling action of the story is when they
returned home, Paeng says that he must whip Donya Lupeng because he loves her and feels she
needs to be put in her place. Donya Lupeng shouts and says that she wants to be adored not
respected. The story ends with Donya Lupeng gaining control of his husband. Don Paeng then kisses
her feet.
 Literary Analysis

We believe that enable to make the relationship stronger,one person should be dominant.We
found a study that in relationships where either partner is more dominant may be more effective but
also the equality of treating each other should still be there as we believed that equality is one of the
most important elements of a successful relationship.The bible states in Galatians 3:28 “There is
neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one
in Christ Jesus.” It simply means that the right of a men should be the same right of every women. In a
relationship there should be the one who takes the lead but that doesn’t mean we dont value equality
even though there is someone who is more dominant,we think that relationships is based on
cooperation and teamwork.It shouldn’t be a competition because you’re not competing against your
partner,you’re supposed to be in the same team and support each other.

In reality,in leading a relationship the man is the one who takes the role as the breadwinner and
the head of the family while the women is the preserver of the heart which means women should the
one who will create peace and comfort in the house.As a man you need to be the pillar of strength in a
relationship that’s why the men have the majority of taking the lead as women tend to be more
emotional and sensitive.Having a dominant in a relationship has nothing to do in equality,it doesn’t
mean that men and women can’t be equal and you can’t have partnership and that you can’t work
together or you cant have a strong and dynamic relationship but part of what it makes dynamic is the
opposites.The thing that causes attraction and what makes it something greater is the opposites.To
understand it more deeply,let’s make being in a relationship and being the president of the country an
example of it.There’s a lot of similarities between the two,just like working as a team and not just on
your own.You need to hear each and every person’s voice and opinion to make a country better.As the
president you are the dominant of the relationship while your partner is the people in your country.You
can’t just make a decision without listening to their voices because a nation that doesn’t have unity
won’t create a better country.
 Biography

Nicomedes “Nick” Joaquín y Márquez, who is fondly called “Onching” by his family and friends. He
was born on May 4, 1917 in Paco,Manila. Joaquín was the fifth out of the ten children of Don Leocadio
Joaquín and Salomé Márquez.In his early life,Nick Joaquin lived a handsome life until Don Leocadio
lost the family fortune in a failed investment on an oil exploration project in the late 1920 where his
family has force to moved out and transfer into a rented and small house In Pasay. Nick Joaquín
attended Pacó Elementary School and went to Mapa High School for secondary education. However,
in his third year he informed his mother that he wanted to drop out. After leaving school, Joaquín
worked as an apprentice in a bakery in Pasay and later on in the publishing company TVT
(Tribune-Vanguardia-Taliba) which he used this time to pursue his passion as an avid reader as he
was described as having a rabid and insane love for book by his sister-in-law Sarah K. Joaquín. His
parents had encouraged his interest in books while he still young and was very supportive on his
dream and passion on it. In beginning of his career at the age of 17, he published his first English
poem about Don Quixote, in the literary section of the pre-World War II Tribune, where he worked as a
proofreader and it was accepted by the famous writer and editor Serafín Lanot. A little later in 1937,he
published his first short story in the Sunday Tribune Magazine, “The Sorrows of Vaudeville” telling the
story of the vaudevilles in Manila where a city he was endlessly enamored by. After Joaquín won a
nationwide essay competition to honor La Naval de Manila, sponsored by the Dominican Order, the
University of Santo Tomas awarded him an honorary Associate in Arts (A.A.) and a scholarship to St.
Albert's Convent, the Dominican monastery in Hong Kong. There he was once again close to his
family's original goal for him to enter the seminary but Joaquin returned to manila afterstaying in Hong
Kong for two years.After returning to the Philippines, Joaquín joined the Philippines Free Press,
starting as a proofreader and he soon attracted notice for his poems, stories and plays, as well as his
journalism under the pen name Quijano de Manila. His journalism was both intellectual and
provocative, an unknown genre in the Philippines at that time and raised the country's level of
reportage. Joaquín deeply admired José Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines, paying him tribute
in such books as The Storyteller's New Medium – Rizal in Saga, The Complete Poems and Plays of
Jose Rizal, and A Question of Heroes: Essays in Criticism on Ten Key Figures of Philippine History.
He translated the hero's valedictory poem, in the original Spanish Mi Ultimo Adios, as "Land That I
Love, Farewell!". After being honored as National Artist, Joaquín used his position to work for
intellectual freedom in society. He secured the release of imprisoned writer José F. Lacaba.The literary
ability of Nick Joaquín allowed him to earn multiple distinction and honors in the field of Philippine
literature. On June 1, 1973, he won in the Seato Literary Award Contest for his submitted collection of
short stories and poem. While on May 27, 1976, he was a recipient of one the nation's most prestigious
awards which carried material emoluments besides honors and privileges. He was conferred the title of
“National Artist for Literature” by the former president and Mrs. Marcos during the special rites at the
Cultural Center of the Philippines in 1976, on the condition that the Regime release Pete Lacaba, the
author of the poem "Prometheus Unbound" from detention.On April 29,2004, Joaquín died of cardiac
arrest at his home in San Juan, Metro Manila.
 Introduction

The Summer Solstice is about the celebration of Tatarin (or Tadtarin). Tadtarin is a three-day
festival that celebrates a ritual of fertility done by women but it frowned upon by men. Summer Solstice
is set during the three days of the St. John's festival. There is a Filipino woman who feels closed to her
womanhood, is married to Paeng, who is no doubt loyal to her. She has garnered a lot of debate and
attention considering the setting is in a time where women must be submissive. All she want is to be
adored or worship by his husband.

A wife should be submissive to her husband because a submissive wife is a blessing. she gives
him ultimate respect and obeys all his command. She is also a host to his guest, a mother to his
children, and a wife to him. She is a manager of his property, and stands by him come rain or shine.

Each person's interests and desires are respected and met to a reasonable degree as opposed to
just one partner's needs dominating the relationship. Inequality in a relationship refers to an imbalance
of power between partners.Thats why Don lupeng should respect her husband's decision for not
worshipping or adoring her. And just appreciate all the respect that her husband have given to her.

Men should respect women because they're the glue of civilization. They are the
daughters,sister,wives,mothers and nurturers of mankind. They provide the basis for all the negative
and positive feelings we experience like love,lust,joy,happiness,hope,affection,jealousy,sadness and
even hatred.Throughout the story of "The summer Solstice" Instead of adoring or worshipping his wife,
he showed his love and the respect that his wife deserved.
 Republic of the Philippines

Holy Child College of Davao

Opus Duo Dignum

Jacinto Campus

In partial fulfillment in Reading and Writing Skills

Literary Analysis

Nick Joaquin: The Summer Solstice

Submitted by:

Busano, E.

Crausos, A.

Gonzaga, C.

Aguilar, P.

Cabahit, K.

Delos Santos, S.

Salazar, X.

Ylanan, S.
 Submitted to:

Sir Jayson Pedere

 Conclusion

Empowering women. Men and women equality. Conflicts between instincts and refined culture.
Respect and adoration. The Summer Solstice, written by Nick Joaquin is indeed, a profound one. At
first, Doña Lupeng (the main character) rejected the belief of the “Tadtarin fertility rites”, an all-woman
ritual set during the three days of the St. John’s festival. On the other hand afterward , she was swayed
and she gradually discovered women’s power over men. Ladies nowadays became more sentient
about the stereotypes we have about masculinity and female traits. Moreover, we have noticed a lot of
things as we thoroughly analyzed the story. The connection between Doña Lupeng and Don Paeng
signify those couples who are somehow losing their adoration for each other. From the story, we have
come to a conclusion that loyalty isn’t enough to possess a stronger relationship, all should feel the
love, affection and respect, regardless of how long it's been. Dona Lupeng victoriously made Don
Paeng kiss her feet and undergo her. There are lot of ‘Doña Lupengs’ existing today so we
recommend that everyone, especially ladies, to read this work of art of Nick Joaquin so that they’ll get
inspired to empower another woman and have the courage to fight for equality with men. There are still
a lot of men or husbands that have these mentality that ladies or wives are assumed to just take care
of them and their children, the assumption that men is usually superior to women should be shattered,
mainly that we are already within the new generation. As the saying goes “Women are meant to be
loved revered, not just to be understood”. This should be an inspiration and admiration to anyone who
read it because of how this story emphasized the importance of adoration and respect for a lady. Also
appreciating rituals as a neighborhood of our culture until now.
DECEMBER 2019