CCTV

CLOSED-CIRCUIT TELEVISION

SUBMITTED BY:
JOAN CRISTY LASTRILLA
X-VOLTA

SUBMITTED TO:
MR. RGY SOCONG
SUBJECT TEACHER
 CCTV or Closed-Circuit Television is a video system in which specifically placed
cameras record video images and transmit these to a monitor/monitors, with only a small number
of people being able to access it. It is a closed-circuit system because the signal is not openly
transmitted as it with broadcast television. The video cameras transmit the footage back to a set
number of monitors. Television in CCTV is the video camera which acts as the
telecommunication medium which
transmits moving images to the
surveillance monitors.

Walter Bruch invented the

first CCTV in 1942 during WW2 in
Germany. The purpose of the
CCTV was to monitor the V-2
rockets. The technology became a
commercial product from 1949
onwards.

CCTV systems are primarily used for security, monitoring and surveillance purposes. In
terms of security CCTV can be used to monitor both public and property security. For
monitoring and surveillance purposes, CCTV can be used to investigate or prevent crime. CCTV
is important because it can deter crime, can be used as evidence, and therefore acts as a force of
law enforcement. It can monitor employers, and encourage greater work productivity. It can
lower cost by preventing burglary, can be used for safety of others; e.g. helping track lost people,
monitoring workers operating in dangerous conditions.

Basic CCTV components:

 Camera
 The eye of the system. Its only
function is to provide a view of the
site under surveillance by sending
an electronic signal along a video
cable. It is passive; it only views
the scene similar to the human eye.
 Monitor
 Receives the signal sent by the
camera and converts the signal into a picture on a television screen. At least one
monitor must be provided to each viewing station in the CCTV system in order to
see the view provided by the camera(s).
 Cable
 Required for a basic system is 75 ohm coax cable. RG59U is the normal coaxial
cable used; this cable must be copper center conductor and 95% shield.
Types of CCTV cameras:

 Dome CCTV Camera

o Most commonly used for indoor and outdoor security
and surveillance. The shape of the camera makes it
difficult for onlookers to tell which way the camera is
facing which is a strong piece of design, deterring
criminals by creating an air of uncertainty.
 Bullet CCTV Camera
o Long and cylindrical in a shape and are ideal for
outdoors use. Their strengths lie specifically in
applications which require long distance viewing.
Installed within protective casings, the cameras are
shielded against dust, dirt and other natural elements.
 PTZ Pan Tilt & Zoom Camera
o Cameras allow the camera to be moved left to right
(panning), up and down (tilting) and even allow the
lens to be zoomed closer or farther. These cameras
are used in situations where a live guard or
surveillance specialist is there operating the security
systems.
 Day/Night Camera
o Capable of operating in both normal and poorly
lit environments, these cameras benefit from not
requiring inbuilt infrared illuminators as they can
capture clear video images in the dark thanks to
their extra sensitive imaging chips. For this
reason, these cameras are ideal for outdoor
surveillance applications.
 C-mount Camera
o Allows for simple lens change to fit different
applications. This can cover distance beyond 40 ft
thanks to the possibility to use special lenses with
these cameras, whereas standard CCTV lenses can
only cover distances of 35-40 ft.