Chemistry The Central Science 10th Edition

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Chemistry The Central Science 10th Edition By brown – Test Bank
chapter 6
Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
1) Which of the following elements has a ground-state electron configuration
different from the
predicted one?
1)
A) Ca B) Xe C) Ti D) Cl E) Cu
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
2) Which one of the following is correct? 2)
A) 􀎑 ÷ 􀎑 = c B) 􀎑 = c 􀎑 C) 􀎑 = c􀎑 D) 􀎑􀎑 = c E) 􀎑 + 􀎑 = c
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
3) In the Bohr model of the atom, __________. 3)
A) electron paths are controlled by probability
B) electrons travel in circular paths called orbitals
C) electrons can have any energy
D) electron energies are quantized
E) both A and C
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
4) An electron cannot have the quantum numbers n = __________, l =
__________, ml = __________. 4)
A) 3, 2, -2 B) 3, 2, 1 C) 1, 0, 0 D) 6, 1, 0 E) 3, 2, 3
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
1
5) Which of the subshells below do not exist due to the constraints upon the
azimuthal quantum
number?
5)
A) 2d
B) 2p
C) 2s
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
6) Which one of the following is not a valid value for the magnetic quantum
number of an electron in
a 5d subshell?
6)
A) 2 B) 3 C) 1 D) -1 E) 0
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
7) In a px orbital, the subscript x denotes the __________ of the electron. 7)
A) axis along which the orbital is aligned
B) probability of the shell
C) energy
D) size of the orbital
E) spin of the electrons
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
8) The __________ orbital is degenerate with 5py in a many-electron atom. 8)
A) 5px B) 5dxy C) 5s D) 4py E) 5d2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
2
9) Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 640 nm appears as orange
light to the human eye.
The energy of one photon of this light is __________ J.
9)
A) 1.272 × 10-22
B) 3.220 × 1018
C) 1.272 × 10-31
D) 3.106 × 10-19
E) 3.106 × 10-28
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
10) Which one of the following is the correct electron configuration for a
ground-state nitrogen atom? 10)
A)
B)
C)
D)
E) None of the above is correct.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
3
11) The condensed electron configuration of krypton, element 36, is
__________. 11)
A) [Kr]4s43d8
B) [Ar]4s43d4
C) [Ar]4s4
D) [Ar]3d104s24p6
E) [Kr]4s23d8
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
12) Which of the following is not a valid set of four quantum numbers? (n, l,
ml, ms) 12)
A) 1, 1, 0, +1/2
B) 1, 0, 0, +1/2
C) 2, 1, 0, -1/2
D) 3, 1, -1, -1/2
E) 2, 0, 0, +1/2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
13) Which one of the quantum numbers does not result from the solution of
the Schroedinger
equation?
13)
A) angular momentum
B) principal
C) spin
D) azimuthal
E) magnetic
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
4
14) Low-frequency electromagnetic fields with potential biological effects have
frequencies of
__________ Hz.
14)
A) 400-700
B) 10-3-10-5
C) 1-1000
D) 10-5-10-9
E) 100-10,000
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
15) The condensed electron configuration of silicon, element 14, is
__________. 15)
A) [Ne]2p10
B) [He]2s4
C) [He]2s42p6
D) [He]2s62p2
E) [Ne]3s23p2
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
16) All of the orbitals in a given subshell have the same value of the
__________ quantum number. 16)
A) magnetic B) azimuthal C) principal D) A and B E) B and C
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
17) Which one of the following is an incorrect orbital notation? 17)
A) 3py B) 4s C) 4dxy D) 3f E) 2s
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
5
18) Which electron configuration denotes an atom in its ground state? 18)
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
19) At maximum, an f-subshell can hold __________ electrons, a d-subshell
can hold __________
electrons, and a p-subshell can hold __________ electrons.
19)
A) 14, 10, 6 B) 14, 8, 2 C) 2, 8, 18 D) 2, 6, 10 E) 2, 12, 21
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
6
20) Which electron configuration represents a violation of the Pauli exclusion
principle? 20)
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
21) Which two elements have the same ground-state electron configuration?
21)
A) Fe and Cu
B) Cu and Ag
C) Pd and Pt
D) Cl and Ar
E) No two elements have the same ground-state electron configuration.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
7
22) Which one of the following configurations depicts an excited oxygen
atom? 22)
A) 1s22s22p2
B) 1s22s22p23s2
C) [He]2s22p4
D) 1s22s22p4
E) 1s22s22p1
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
23) Which electron configuration represents a violation of the Pauli exclusion
principle? 23)
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
8
24) The ground-state electron configuration of the element __________ is
[Kr]5s14d5. 24)
A) Cr B) Tc C) Nb D) Mn E) Mo
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
25) Which one of the following configurations depicts an excited carbon atom?
25)
A) 1s22s22p3
B) 1s22s22p1
C) 1s22s23s1
D) 1s22s22p13s1
E) 1s22s22p2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
26) An electron cannot have the quantum numbers n = __________, l =
__________, ml = __________. 26)
A) 1, 1, 1 B) 2, 0, 0 C) 3, 1, -1 D) 2, 1, -1 E) 3, 2, 1
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
27) Which one of the following represents an acceptable set of quantum
numbers for an electron in an
atom? (arranged as n, l, ml, and ms)
27)
A) 3, 3, 3, -1/2
B) 5, 4,- 5, 1/2
C) 2, 2, -1, -1/2
D) 1, 0, 0, 1/2
E) 3, 3, 3, 1/2
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
9
28) Which one of the following is an incorrect subshell notation? 28)
A) 2d B) 4f C) 2p D) 3s E) 3d
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
29) Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 531 nm appears as green
light to the human eye.
The energy of one photon of this light is 3.74 × 10-19 J. Thus, a laser that
emits 1.3 × 10-2 J of energy
in a pulse of light at this wavelength produces __________ photons in each
pulse.
29)
A) 9.2 × 10-24
B) 2.9 × 10-17
C) 6.5 × 1013
D) 1.8 × 1019
E) 3.5 × 1016
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
30) The complete electron configuration of gallium, element 31, is
__________. 30)
A) 1s42s42p83s43p84s3
B) 1s42s42p63s43p64s43d3
C) 1s22s22p103s23p104s23d3
D) 1s42s42p103s43p9
E) 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p1
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
31) In which orbital does an electron in a phosphorus atom experience the
greatest effective nuclear
charge?
31)
A) 1s B) 2s C) 2p D) 3s E) 3p
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
10
32) The valence shell of the element X contains 2 electrons in a 5s subshell.
Below that shell, element X
has a partially filled 4d subshell. What type of element is X?
32)
A) alkali metal
B) chalcogen
C) transition metal
D) halogen
E) main group element
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
33) Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 525 nm appears as green
light to the human eye.
The frequency of this light is __________ s-1.
33)
A) 5.71 × 105
B) 1.58 × 102
C) 1.58 × 1011
D) 5.71 × 1014
E) 1.75 × 10-15
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
34) Which quantum number determines the energy of an electron in a
hydrogen atom? 34)
A) ml B) n C) E D) l E) n and l
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
35) How many different principal quantum numbers can be found in the
ground state electron
configuration of nickel?
35)
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
11
36) Which of the following is a valid set of four quantum numbers? (n, l, ml,
ms) 36)
A) 1, 0, 1, +1/2
B) 1, 1, 0, -1/2
C) 2, 2, 1, -1/2
D) 2, 1, +2, +1/2
E) 2, 1, 0, +1/2
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
37) Which electron configuration represents a violation of Hund’s rule for an
atom in its ground state? 37)
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
12
38) Which of the subshells below do not exist due to the constraints upon the
azimuthal quantum
number?
38)
A) 4f
B) 4p
C) 4d
D) 4s
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
39) The de Broglie wavelength of a __________ will have the shortest
wavelength when traveling at 30
cm/s.
39)
A) marble
B) uranium atom
C) planet
D) car
E) hydrogen atom
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
40) Which set of three quantum numbers (n, l, ml) corresponds to a 3d
orbital? 40)
A) 2, 3, 3 B) 3, 2, 3 C) 3, 2, 2 D) 2, 1, 0 E) 3, 3, 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
41) All of the orbitals in a given electron shell have the same value of the
__________ quantum number. 41)
A) azimuthal B) psi C) magnetic D) principal E) spin
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
13
42) The complete electron configuration of argon, element 18, is __________.
42)
A) 1s22s22p103s23p2
B) 1s42s42p10
C) 1s62s62p23s4
D) 1s22s22p63s23p6
E) 1s42s42p63s4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
43) Which one of the following represents an impossible set of quantum
numbers for an electron in an
atom? (arranged as n, l, ml, and ms)
43)
A) 5, 4, – 3, 1/2
B) 5, 4, -3, -1/2
C) 3, 3, 3, 1/2
D) 1, 0, 0, 1/2
E) 2, 1, -1, -1/2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
44) The ground-state electron configuration of __________ is [Ar]4s13d5. 44)
A) Fe B) K C) V D) Mn E) Cr
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
45) Which one of the following orbitals can hold two electrons? 45)
A) 3s
B) 4dxy
C) 2px
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
14
46) The uncertainty principle states that __________. 46)
A) it is impossible to know how many electrons there are in an atom
B) it is impossible to know the exact position and momentum of an electron
C) it is impossible to know anything with certainty
D) matter and energy are really the same thing
E) there can only be one uncertain digit in a reported number
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
47) Which electron configuration represents a violation of Hund’s rule for an
atom in its ground state? 47)
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
15
48) Which one of the following represents an acceptable possible set of
quantum numbers (in the order
n, l, ml, ms) for an electron in an atom?
48)
A) 2, 0, 1, -1/2
B) 2, 1, -1, 1/2
C) 2, 2, 0, 1/2
D) 2, 1, 0, 0
E) 2, 0, 2, +1/2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
49) The wavelength of an electron with a velocity of 6.00 × 106 m/s is
__________ m. The mass of the
electron is 9.11 × 10-28 g.
49)
A) 8.25 × 1012
B) 8.25 × 109
C) 1.21 × 10-13
D) 1.21 × 10-16
E) 1.21 × 10-10
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
50) According to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, it is impossible to know
precisely both the
position and the __________ of an electron.
50)
A) velocity
B) color
C) mass
D) shape
E) momentum
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
16
51) An FM radio station broadcasts electromagnetic radiation at a frequency
of 100.6 MHz. The
wavelength of this radiation is __________ m.
51)
A) 3.018 × 1016
B) 2.982 × 106
C) 2.982
D) 0.3353
E) 3.018 × 1010
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
52) The ground state electron configuration of Fe is __________. 52)
A) 1s22s23s23p10
B) 1s22s22p63s23p64s2
C) 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2
D) 1s22s23s23p63d6
E) 1s22s22p63s23p64s24d6
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
53) Which quantum numbers must be the same for the orbitals that they
designate to be degenerate in
a many-electron system?
53)
A) n, l, and ml
B) n only
C) n, l, ml, and ms
D) n and l only
E) ms only
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
17
54) The ground state electron configuration of Ga is __________. 54)
A) 1s22s23s23p63d104s24p1
B) 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24d1
C) 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p1
D) [Ar]4s23d11
E) 1s22s22p63s23p64s24d104p1
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
55) Which electron configuration represents a violation of the Pauli exclusion
principle? 55)
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
18
56) Which electron configuration represents a violation of Hund’s rule for an
atom in its ground state? 56)
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
57) The element that corresponds to the electron configuration 1s22s22p6 is
__________. 57)
A) beryllium
B) neon
C) magnesium
D) sodium
E) lithium
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
19
58) The photoelectric effect is __________. 58)
A) the darkening of photographic film when exposed to an electric field
B) the total reflection of light by metals giving them their typical luster
C) the ejection of electrons by a metal when struck with light of sufficient
energy
D) the production of current by silicon solar cells when exposed to sunlight
E) a relativistic effect
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
59) Which quantum numbers must be the same for the orbitals that they
designate to be degenerate in
a one-electron system (such as hydrogen)?
59)
A) n, l, and ml
B) l and ml
C) n only
D) ml only
E) n and l only
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each
statement or answers the question.
60) The ground state electron configuration of scandium is __________. 60)
Answer: [Ar] 4s23d1
Explanation:
61) The ground state electron configuration of copper is __________. 61)
Answer: [Ar]3d104s1
Explanation:
62) “The largest principal quantum number in the ground state electron
configuration of
francium is __________ ?
62)
Answer: 7
Explanation:
63) Elements in group __________ have a np5electron configuration in the
outer shell. 63)
Answer: 7A
Explanation:
64) What wavelengths correspond to the visible region of the electromagnetic
spectrum? 64)
Answer: About 400 to 700 nm.
Explanation:
20
65) The shape of an orbital is defined by the azimuthal quantum number
which is represented
as letter __________
65)
Answer: l
Explanation:
66) The electron configuration of the valence electrons of an atom in its
ground state is ns2n
p3.` This atom is a group __________ element.
66)
Answer: 5A
Explanation:
67) All of the subshells in a given shell have the same energy in the hydrogen
atom. In a
many-electron atom, the subshells in a given shell do not have the same
energy. Why?
67)
Answer: Hydrogen atoms have only one electron. Therefore, in a hydrogen
atom, the energy
of orbitals depends only on n. In many-electron atoms, electron-electron
repulsion
causes the energies of subshells in a given shell to differ.
Explanation:
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
68) The ground state electron configuration for Zn is __________. 68)
A) [Kr]4s23d10
B) [Kr]3s23d10
C) [Ar]4s23d10
D) [Ar]4s13d10
E) [Ar]3s23d10
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
69) Which one of the following is considered to be ionizing radiation
__________? 69)
A) radio waves
B) X-rays
C) infrared radiation
D) microwaves
E) visible light
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
21
70) The largest principal quantum number in the ground state electron
configuration of cobalt is
__________.
70)
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 7 E) 9
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
71) The frequency of electromagnetic radiation required to promote an
electron from n = 2 to n = 4 in a
Bohr hydrogen atom is __________ Hz.
71)
A) 6.2 × 1014
B) 4.1 × 10-19
C) 8.2 × 1014
D) 4.1 × 1019
E) 5.4 × 10-19
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
72) The energy (J) required for an electronic transition in a Bohr hydrogen
atom from n = 2 to n = 3 is
__________ J.
72)
A) 3.0 × 10-19
B) -3.0 × 10-19
C) -7.9 × 10-19
D) 4.6 × 1014
E) 4.0 × 10-19
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
22
73) Electromagnetic radiation travels through vacuum at a speed of
__________ m/s. 73)
A) 186,000
B) 3.00 × 108
C) 10,000
D) 125
E) It depends on wavelength.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
74) Of the following, __________ radiation has the shortest wavelength and
__________ radiation has
the greatest energy.
gamma ultraviolet visible
74)
A) visible, gamma
B) visible, ultraviolet
C) gamma, gamma
D) ultraviolet, gamma
E) gamma, visible
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
75) The n = 8 to n = 4 transition in the Bohr hydrogen atom occurs in the
__________ region of the
electromagnetic spectrum.
75)
A) infrared
B) X-ray
C) ultraviolet
D) visible
E) microwave
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
23
76) What is the frequency of light (s-1) that has a wavelength of 3.12 × 10-3
cm __________? 76)
A) 1.04 × 10-13
B) 4.10 × 10-17
C) 9.62 × 1012
D) 2.44 × 1016
E) 3.69
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
77) The frequency of a photon that has an energy of 3.7 × 10-18 J is
__________ s-1. 77)
A) 5.6 × 1015
B) 1.8 × 10-16
C) 2.5 × 1015
D) 5.4 × 10-8
E) 2.5 × 10-15
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
78) The de Broglie wavelength of a bullet (7.5g) traveling at 700 m/s is
__________ m. 78)
A) 7.7 × 1033
B) 1.3 × 10-23
C) 1.3 × 10-34
D) 6.2 × 10-29
E) 1.3 × 10-27
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
24
79) The energy of a photon that has a wavelength of 9.0 m is __________ J.
79)
A) 6.0 × 10-23
B) 2.2 × 10-26
C) 4.5 × 10-25
D) 2.7 × 109
E) 4.5 × 1025
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
80) The __________ subshell contains only one orbital. 80)
A) 3d B) 5d C) 4s D) 1p E) 6f
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
81) The elements in the __________ period of the periodic table have a core-
electron configuration that
is the same as the electron configuration of neon.
81)
A) first B) second C) third D) fourth E) fifth
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
82) The wavelength of an electron whose velocity is 1.7 × 104 m/s and whose
mass is 9.1 × 10-28 g is
__________ m.
82)
A) 4.3 × 10-8
B) 12
C) 2.3 × 107
D) 4.3 × 10-11
E) 2.3 × 10-7
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
25
83) What is the wavelength of light (nm) that has a frequency 4.62 × 1014 s-1
__________? 83)
A) 1.39 × 1023
B) 932
C) 649
D) 1.07 × 106
E) 1.54 × 10-3
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
84) In which orbital does an electron in a phosphorus atom experience the
greatest shielding
__________ ?
84)
A) 3p B) 2p C) 1s D) 2s E) 3s
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
85) The energy of a photon that has a wavelength of 13.2 nm is __________
J. 85)
A) 1.51 × 10-17
B) 4.42 × 10-23
C) 9.55 × 10-25
D) 1.62 × 10-17
E) 1.99 × 10-25
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
86) The second shell in the ground state of atomic argon contains
__________ electrons. 86)
A) 2 B) 6 C) 8 D) 18 E) 36
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
26
87) There are __________ orbitals in the second shell. 87)
A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 8 E) 9
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
88) The n = 1 shell contains __________ p orbitals. All the other shells
contain __________ p orbitals. 88)
A) 6, 2 B) 3, 3 C) 0, 6 D) 0, 3 E) 3, 6
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
89) The n = 5 to n = 3 transition in the Bohr hydrogen atom corresponds to the
__________ of a photon
with a wavelength of __________ nm.
89)
A) emission, 657
B) emission, 389
C) emission, 1280
D) absorption, 1280
E) absorption, 657
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
90) The n = 2 to n = 6 transition in the Bohr hydrogen atom corresponds to the
__________ of a photon
with a wavelength of __________ nm.
90)
A) emission, 411
B) absorption, 657
C) absorption, 411
D) emission, 93.8
E) emission, 389
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
27
91) When the electron in a hydrogen atom moves from n = 6 to n = 2, light
with a wavelength of
__________ nm is emitted.
91)
A) 487 B) 434 C) 657 D) 93.8 E) 411
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
92) There are __________ unpaired electrons in a ground state fluorine atom.
92)
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
93) The total number of orbitals in a shell is given by __________. 93)
A) n2 B) 2l + 1 C) I2 D) 2n + 1 E) 2n
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
94) Each p-subshell can accommodate a maximum of __________ electrons.
94)
A) 2 B) 10 C) 5 D) 6 E) 3
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
28
95) Of the following, __________ radiation has the longest wavelength and
__________ radiation has
the greatest energy.
gamma ultraviolet visible
95)
A) gamma, gamma
B) visible, ultraviolet
C) ultraviolet, gamma
D) gamma, visible
E) visible, gamma
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
96) The 4d subshell in the ground state of atomic xenon contains __________
electrons. 96)
A) 2 B) 6 C) 8 D) 10 E) 36
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
97) A tin atom has 50 electrons. Electrons in the __________ subshell
experience the lowest effective
nuclear charge.
97)
A) 3d B) 3p C) 5p D) 1s E) 5s
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
98) At what speed (m/s) must a 3.0 mg object be moving in order to have a de
Broglie wavelength of 5.4
× 10-29 m?
98)
A) 4.1
B) 3.9 × 10-4
C) 1.6 × 10-28
D) 2.0 × 1012
E) 6.3
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
29
99) The energy of a photon that has a frequency of 18.21 × 1015 s-1 is
__________ J. 99)
A) 3.49 × 10-48
B) 1.99 × 10-25
C) 5.44 × 10-18
D) 1.21 × 10-17
E) 5.44 × 10-18
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
100) The de Broglie wavelength of an electron is 8.7 × 10-11 m. The mass of
an electron is 9.1 × 10-31 kg.
The velocity of this electron is __________ m/s.
100)
A) 8.4 × 106 B) 8.4 × 103 C) 6.9 × 10-5 D) 1.2 × 10-7 E) 8.4 × 10-3
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
101) How many quantum numbers are necessary to designate a particular
electron in an atom
__________?
101)
A) 3 B) 1 C) 4 D) 5 E) 2
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
102) The principal quantum number of the first d subshell is __________.
102)
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 0
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
30
103) A mole of yellow photons of wavelength 527 nm has __________ kJ of
energy. 103)
A) 165
B) 227
C) 2.74 × 10-19
D) 6.05 × 10-3
E) 4.56 × 10-46
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
104) It takes 254 kJ/mol to eject electrons from a certain metal surface. What
is the longest wavelength of
light (nm) that can be used to eject electrons from the surface of this metal via
the photoelectric
effect __________ ?
104)
A) 233 B) 472 C) 165 D) 552 E) 725
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
105) Of the following transitions in the Bohr hydrogen atom, the __________
transition results in the
emission of the highest-energy photon.
105)
A) n = 6 􀎑 n = 3
B) n = 1 􀎑 n = 6
C) n = 3 􀎑 n = 6
D) n = 6 􀎑 n = 1
E) n = 1 􀎑 n = 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
106) When the electron in a hydrogen atom moves from n = 8 to n = 2 light
with a wavelength of
__________ nm is emitted.
106)
A) 657 B) 389 C) 487 D) 93.8 E) 411
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
31
107) [Ar]4s23d104p3 is the electron configuration of a(n) __________ atom.
107)
A) Sn B) Sb C) P D) V E) As
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
108) The 3p subshell in the ground state of atomic xenon contains
__________ electrons. 108)
A) 2 B) 6 C) 8 D) 10 E) 36
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
109) What is the frequency (s-1) of electromagnetic radiation that has a
wavelength of 0.53 m
__________?
109)
A) 1.6 × 108
B) 1.3 × 1033
C) 5.7 × 108
D) 1.8 × 10-9
E) 1.3 × 10-33
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
110) The deBroglie wavelength of a particle is given by __________. 110)
A) h/mv B) h + mv C) mv D) mv/c E) hmv
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
111) An electron in a(n) __________ subshell experiences the greatest
effective nuclear charge in a
many-electron atom.
111)
A) 4s B) 3p C) 3f D) 3s E) 3d
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
32
112) The largest principal quantum number in the ground state electron
configuration of iodine is
__________.
112)
A) 1 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
113) The de Broglie wavelength of a car (1.0 × 103 kg) traveling at 75 km/hr is
__________ m. 113)
A) 8.8 × 10-39
B) 3.2 × 10-35
C) 1.4 × 10-35
D) 1.4 × 1035
E) 3.2 × 10-38
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
114) What color of visible light has the highest energy? 114)
A) violet B) yellow C) blue D) red E) green
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
115) The energy of a photon that has a frequency of 8.21 × 1015 s-1 is
__________ J. 115)
A) 1.99 × 10-25
B) 1.26 × 10-19
C) 8.08 × 10-50
D) 5.44 × 10-18
E) 1.24 × 1049
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
33
116) The __________ quantum number defines the shape of an orbital. 116)
A) principal B) azimuthal C) psi D) magnetic E) spin
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
117) All of the __________ have a valence shell electron configuration ns1.
117)
A) alkali metals
B) noble gases
C) halogens
D) chalcogens
E) alkaline earth metals
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
118) Using Bohr’s equation for the energy levels of the electron in the
hydrogen atom, determine the
energy (J) of an electron in the n = 4 level. __________ .
118)
A) +1.84 × 10-29
B) -7.34 × 1018
C) -1.36 × 10-19
D) -5.45 × 10-19
E) -1.84 × 10-29
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
119) What is the frequency (s-1) of a photon that has an energy of 4.38 × 10-
18J? 119)
A) 1.45 × 10-16
B) 2.30 × 107
C) 1.31 × 10-9
D) 6.61 × 1015
E) 436
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
34
120) What color of visible light has the longest wavelength __________ ?
120)
A) blue B) yellow C) violet D) red E) green
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
121) There are __________ orbitals in the third shell. 121)
A) 9 B) 16 C) 25 D) 4 E) 1
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
122) The wavelength of a photon that has an energy of 5.25 × 10-19 J is
__________ m. 122)
A) 3.79 × 107
B) 2.38 × 1023
C) 2.64 × 106
D) 3.79 × 10-7
E) 4.21 × 10-24
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
123) When the electron in a hydrogen atom moves from n = 6 to n = 1, light
with a wavelength of
__________ nm is emitted.
123)
A) 93.8 B) 657 C) 487 D) 411 E) 434
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
124) The azimuthal quantum number for the outermost electrons in a nitrogen
atom in the ground state
is __________.
124)
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) -1
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
35
125) Of the following, __________ radiation has the shortest wavelength.
125)
A) infrared
B) ultraviolet
C) microwave
D) X-ray
E) radio
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
126) The energy of a photon of light is __________ proportional to its
frequency and __________
proportional to its wavelength.
126)
A) indirectly, not
B) inversely, directly
C) directly, inversely
D) inversely, inversely
E) directly, directly
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
127) In a hydrogen atom, an electron in a __________ orbital can absorb a
photon, but cannot emit a
photon.
127)
A) 3f B) 3p C) 1s D) 2s E) 3s
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
128) What is the frequency of light (s-1) that has a wavelength of 1.23 × 10-6
cm __________? 128)
A) 2.44 × 1016
B) 3.69
C) 9.62 × 1012
D) 1.04 × 10-13
E) 4.10 × 10-17
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
36
129) The electron configuration of a ground-state Ag atom is __________.
129)
A) [Kr]5s23d9
B) [Kr]5s14d10
C) [Ar]4s24d9
D) [Ar]4s14d10
E) [Kr]5s24d10
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
130) A __________ orbital is degenerate with a 5dz2 in a many-electron
atom. 130)
A) 4dzz B) 5dxy C) 5pz D) 5s E) 4dz2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
131) The wavelength of light that has a frequency of 1.20 × 1013s-1 is
__________ m. 131)
A) 2.5
B) 2.50 × 10-5
C) 0.0400
D) 25.0
E) 12.0
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
132) The largest principal quantum number in the ground state electron
configuration of barium is
__________.
132)
A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
37
133) There are __________ unpaired electrons in a ground state phosphorus
atom. 133)
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
134) What is the wavelength (angstroms) of a photon that has an energy of
4.38 × 10-18J __________ ? 134)
A) 454
B) 6.89 × 1015
C) 2.30 × 107
D) 1.45 × 10-16
E) 1.31 × 10-9
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
135) What is the de Broglie wavelength (m) of a 25 g object moving at a
speed of 5.0 m/s? 135)
A) 6.6 × 10-36
B) 3.32 × 10-36
C) 5.3 × 10-33
D) 1.9 × 1032
E) 3.02 × 1045
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
136) Ham radio operators often broadcast on the 6-meter band. The
frequency of this electromagnetic
radiation is __________ MHz.
136)
A) 50 B) 20 C) 2.0 D) 200 E) 500
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
38
137) A spectrum containing only specific wavelengths is called a __________
spectrum. 137)
A) Rydberg
B) invariant
C) continuous
D) line
E) visible
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
138) Elements in group __________ have a np6 electron configuration in the
outer shell. 138)
A) 7A B) 6A C) 5A D) 4A E) 8A
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
139) The energy of a photon that has a wavelength of 12.3 nm is __________
J. 139)
A) 1.51 × 10-17
B) 4.42 × 10-23
C) 2.72 × 10-50
D) 1.99 × 10-25
E) 1.62 × 10-17
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
140) The azimuthal quantum number is 3 in __________ orbitals. 140)
A) s B) f C) d D) p E) a
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
39
141) An electron in a Bohr hydrogen atom has an energy of -1.362 × 10-19 J.
The value of n for this
electron is __________.
141)
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
142) At what speed (m/s) must a 10 mg object be moving to have a de Broglie
wavelength of 3.3 × 10-41
m __________ ?
142)
A) 4.1
B) 2.0 × 1012
C) 3.3 × 10-42
D) 1.9 × 10-11
E) 1.9 × 1013
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
143) __________-orbitals are spherically symmetrical. 143)
A) d B) g C) f D) s E) p
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
144) A mole of red photons of wavelength 725 nm has __________ kJ of
energy. 144)
A) 4.56 × 10-46
B) 2.74 × 10-19
C) 6.05 × 10-3
D) 165
E) 227
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
40
145) What is the de Broglie wavelength (m) of a 2.0 kg object moving at a
speed of 50 m/s __________? 145)
A) 3.8 × 1034
B) 5.3 × 10-33
C) 2.6 × 10-35
D) 6.6 × 10-36
E) 1.5 × 1035
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
146) The principal quantum number for the outermost electrons in a Br atom
in the ground state is
__________.
146)
A) 4 B) 5 C) 3 D) 1 E) 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
147) What is the correct ground-state electron configuration for molybdenum
__________? 147)
A) [Kr]5s24d9
B) [Kr]5s24d5
C) [Kr]5s14d10
D) [Kr]5s24d4
E) [Kr]5s14d5
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
41
148) Calculate the energy (J) change associated with an electron transition
from n = 2 to n = 5 in a Bohr
hydrogen atom __________.
148)
A) 6.5 × 10-19
B) 8.7 × 10-20
C) 4.6 × 10-19
D) 5.5 × 10-19
E) 5.8 × 10-53
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
149) What is the wavelength of light (nm) that has a frequency of 3.22 × 1014
s-1 __________? 149)
A) 649
B) 9.32 × 10-7
C) 9.66 × 1022
D) 932
E) 1.07 × 106
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
150) The n = 8 to n = 2 transition in the Bohr hydrogen atom occurs in the
__________ region of the
electromagnetic spectrum.
150)
A) X-ray
B) infrared
C) ultraviolet
D) microwave
E) radio
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
42
151) Which is the correct ground-state electron configuration for silver
__________ ? 151)
A) [Xe]5s14d10
B) [Kr]5s24d10
C) [Kr]5s24d9
D) [Kr]5s14d10
E) [Xe]5s24d9
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
152) How many p-orbitals are occupied in a Ne atom __________ ? 152)
A) 3 B) 1 C) 6 D) 5 E) 2
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
153) The lowest energy shell that contains f orbitals is the shell with n =
__________. 153)
A) 5 B) 4 C) 1 D) 3 E) 2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
154) How many p-orbitals are occupied in a Ne atom __________? 154)
A) 1 B) 3 C) 0 D) 2 E) 6
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
155) Which group in the periodic table contains elements with the valence
electron configuration of ns2
np1 __________?
155)
A) 1A B) 2A C) 3A D) 4A E) 8A
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
43
156) In a ground-state manganese atoms, the __________ subshell is
partially filled. 156)
A) 4s B) 4d C) 3d D) 3s E) 4p
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
TRUE/FALSE. Write ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if the statement is false.
157) If a hydrogen atom electron jumps from the n=6 orbit to the n=2 orbit,
energy is released. 157)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
158) The square of Schrodinger’s wave equation is called an orbital. 158)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
159) The electron density of the 2s orbital is asymmetric. 159)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
160) Black body radiation is the emission of light from metal surfaces. 160)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
161) The wavelength of radio waves can be longer than a football field. 161)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
44
Answer Key
Testname: C6
1) E
2) D
3) D
4) E
5) A
6) B
7) A
8) A
9) D
10) A
11) D
12) A
13) C
14) C
15) E
16) D
17) D
18) D
19) A
20) C
21) E
22) B
23) A
24) E
25) D
26) A
27) D
28) A
29) E
30) E
31) A
32) C
33) D
34) B
35) C
36) E
37) D
38) E
39) C
40) C
41) D
42) D
43) C
44) E
45) D
46) B
47) A
48) B
49) E
50) E
45
Answer Key
Testname: C6
51) C
52) C
53) D
54) C
55) A
56) B
57) B
58) C
59) C
60) [Ar] 4s23d1
61) [Ar]3d104s1
62) 7
63) 7A
64) About 400 to 700 nm.
65) l
66) 5A
67) Hydrogen atoms have only one electron. Therefore, in a hydrogen atom,
the energy of orbitals depends only on n. In
many-electron atoms, electron-electron repulsion causes the energies of
subshells in a given shell to differ.
68) C
69) B
70) C
71) A
72) A
73) B
74) C
75) A
76) C
77) A
78) C
79) B
80) C
81) C
82) A
83) C
84) A
85) A
86) C
87) C
88) D
89) C
90) C
91) E
92) B
93) A
94) D
95) E
96) D
97) C
98) A
46
Answer Key
Testname: C6
99) D
100) A
101) C
102) C
103) B
104) B
105) D
106) B
107) E
108) B
109) C
110) A
111) D
112) C
113) E
114) A
115) D
116) B
117) A
118) C
119) D
120) D
121) A
122) D
123) A
124) B
125) D
126) C
127) C
128) A
129) B
130) B
131) B
132) E
133) D
134) A
135) C
136) A
137) D
138) E
139) E
140) B
141) D
142) B
143) D
144) D
145) D
146) A
147) E
148) C
47
Answer Key
Testname: C6
149) D
150) C
151) D
152) E
153) B
154) B
155) C
156) C
157) TRUE
158) TRUE
159) FALSE
160) FALSE
161) TRUE
48
chapter 7
Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
1) Which one of the following elements has an allotrope that is produced in
the upper atmosphere by
lightning?
1)
A) He B) N C) S D) Cl E) O
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
2) Which element would be expected to have chemical and physical
properties closest to those of
fluorine?
2)
A) Cl B) S C) Fe D) O E) Ne
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
3) Which of the following correctly lists the five atoms in order of increasing
size (smallest to largest)? 3)
A) F < Br < Ge < Rb < K
B) F < K < Ge < Br < Rb
C) F < Ge < Br < K < Rb
D) F < K < Br < Ge < Rb
E) F < Br < Ge < K < Rb
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
4) Alkali metals tend to be more reactive than alkaline earth metals because
__________. 4)
A) alkali metals have lower densities
B) alkali metals have lower melting points
C) alkali metals have lower ionization energies
D) alkali metals have greater electron affinities
E) alkali metals are not more reactive than alkaline earth metals
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
1
5) Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? 5)
A) Sr B) Ca C) Rb D) Ba E) K
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
6) This element is more reactive than lithium and magnesium but less reactive
than potassium. This
element is __________.
6)
A) Na B) Fr C) Rb D) Be E) Ca
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
7) Hydrogen is unique among the elements because __________.
1. It has only one valence electron.
2. It is the only element that can emit an atomic spectrum.
3. Its electron is not at all shielded from its nucleus.
4. It is the lightest element.
5. It is the only element to exist at room temperature as a diatomic gas.
7)
A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 1, 3, 4 C) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 D) 3, 4 E) 2, 3, 4
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
8) Alkaline earth metals __________. 8)
A) exist as triatomic molecules
B) form halides with the formula MX
C) form basic oxides
D) form monoanions
E) have the smallest atomic radius in a given period
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
2
9) Screening by the valence electrons in atoms is __________. 9)
A) more efficient than that by core electrons
B) less efficient than that by core electrons
C) responsible for a general increase in atomic radius going across a period
D) essentially identical to that by core electrons
E) both more efficient than that by core electrons and responsible for a
general increase in atomic
radius going across a period
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
10) Which of the following correctly represents the electron affinity of
bromine? 10)
A) Br (g) + e- 􀎑Br- (g)
B) Br+ (g) + e- 􀎑 Br (g)
C) Br2 (g) + 2 e- 􀎑 2 Br- (g)
D) Br (g) 􀎑Br+ (g) + e-
E) Br2 (g) + e- 􀎑Br- (g)
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
11) Which one of the following is not true about the alkali metals? 11)
A) They all readily form ions with a +1 charge.
B) They are very reactive elements.
C) They have the lowest first ionization energies of the elements.
D) They are low density solids at room temperature.
E) They all have 2 electrons in their valence shells.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
12) Which one of the following is a metalloid? 12)
A) Ge B) S C) C D) Br E) Pb
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
3
13) Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy?
13)
A) C B) Si C) N D) B E) P
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
14) Screening by core electrons in atoms is __________. 14)
A) essentially identical to that by valence electrons
B) less efficient than that by valence electrons
C) more efficient than that by valence electrons
D) responsible for a general decrease in atomic radius going down a group
E) both essentially identical to that by valence electrons and responsible for a
general decrease in
atomic radius going down a group
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
15) This element reacts with hydrogen to produce a gas with the formula HX.
When dissolved in
water, HX forms an acidic solution. X is __________,
15)
A) Br B) H C) C D) Na E) O
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
16) Of the compounds below, __________ has the smallest ionic separation.
16)
A) SrBr2 B) RbF C) K2S D) RbCl E) KF
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
4
17) Nonmetals can be __________ at room temperature. 17)
A) solid only
B) liquid only
C) solid, liquid, or gas
D) liquid or gas
E) solid or liquid
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
18) Which of these oxides is most basic? 18)
A) CO2 B) K2O C) Al2O3 D) MgO E) Na2O
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
19) Element M reacts with oxygen to form an oxide with the formula MO.
When MO is dissolved in
water, the resulting solution is basic. Element M could be __________.
19)
A) Na B) S C) N D) Ba E) C
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
20) Of the following elements, which have been shown to form compounds?
helium neon argon krypton xenon
20)
A) xenon, krypton, and argon
B) xenon and krypton
C) xenon and argon
D) xenon only
E) None of the above can form compounds.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
5
21) Which of the following traits characterizes the alkali metals? 21)
A) very high melting point
B) formation of dianions
C) existence as diatomic molecules
D) the lowest first ionization energies in a period
E) the smallest atomic radius in a period
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
22) Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius? 22)
A) I B) Ca C) Co D) Ba E) Sr
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
23) Electrons in the 1s subshell are much closer to the nucleus in Ar than in
He due to the larger
__________ in Ar.
23)
A) Hund’s rule
B) paramagnetism
C) nuclear charge
D) azimuthal quantum number
E) diamagnetism
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
24) Of the elements below, __________ has the highest melting point. 24)
A) Ca B) Ba C) K D) Na E) Fe
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
6
25) In which of the following atoms is the 2s orbital closest to the nucleus? 25)
A) Si
B) S
C) P
D) Cl
E) The 2s orbitals are the same distance from the nucleus in all of these
atoms.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
26) __________ is a unique element and does not truly belong to any family.
26)
A) Uranium B) Helium C) Nitrogen D) Hydrogen E) Radium
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
27) Of the elements below, __________ has the largest first ionization energy.
27)
A) Na B) H C) Rb D) K E) Li
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
28) Of the following atoms, which has the largest first ionization energy? 28)
A) P B) Br C) O D) I E) C
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
7
29) All of the halogens __________. 29)
A) exhibit metallic character
B) tend to form positive ions of several different charges
C) tend to form negative ions of several different charges
D) form salts with alkali metals with the formula MX
E) exist under ambient conditions as diatomic gases
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Consider the following electron configurations to answer the questions that
follow:
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
(iii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
(iv) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
(v) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
30) The electron configuration of the atom with the most negative electron
affinity is __________. 30)
A) (i) B) (ii) C) (iii) D) (iv) E) (v)
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
31) Of the following statements, __________ is not true for oxygen. 31)
A) Dry air is about 79% oxygen.
B) The chemical formula of ozone is O3.
C) The most stable allotrope of oxygen is O2.
D) Oxygen forms peroxide and superoxide anions.
E) Oxygen is a colorless gas at room temperature.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
8
32) Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of calcium? 32)
A) Ca- (g) 􀎑 Ca (g) + e-
B) Ca (g) + e- 􀎑Ca- (g)
C) Ca+ (g) + e- 􀎑 Ca (g)
D) Ca (g) 􀎑Ca+ (g) + e-
E) Ca (g) 􀎑Ca- (g) + e-
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
33) Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy?
33)
A) Cl B) Br C) Na D) Al E) Se
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
34) Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy?
34)
A) S B) Ge C) Sb D) Se E) As
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
35) Chlorine is much more apt to exist as an anion than is sodium. This is
because __________. 35)
A) chlorine is more metallic than sodium
B) chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid
C) chlorine is bigger than sodium
D) chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium does
E) chlorine has a greater electron affinity than sodium does
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
9
36) Which one of the following compounds would produce an acidic solution
when dissolved in
water?
36)
A) CO2 B) Na2O C) MgO D) SrO E) CaO
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
37) Of the following elements, __________ has the most negative electron
affinity. 37)
A) S B) Na C) K D) O E) B
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
38) Which equation correctly represents the electron affinity of calcium? 38)
A) Ca (g) 􀎑Ca+ (g) + e-
B) Ca (g) 􀎑Ca- (g) + e-
C) Ca+ (g) + e- 􀎑 Ca (g)
D) Ca- (g) 􀎑 Ca (g) + e-
E) Ca (g) + e- 􀎑Ca- (g)
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
39) Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of
phosphorus? 39)
A) P+ (g) + e- 􀎑 P (g)
B) P (g) 􀎑P+ (g) + e-
C) P+ (g) + e- 􀎑P2+ (g)
D) P- (g) + e- 􀎑P2- (g)
E) P+ (g) 􀎑P2+ (g) + e-
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
10
40) Which one of the following compounds produces a basic solution when
dissolved in water? 40)
A) CO2 B) Na2O C) OF2 D) SO2 E) O2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Consider the following electron configurations to answer the questions that
follow:
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
(iii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
(iv) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
(v) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
41) The electron configuration of the atom that is expected to have a positive
electron affinity is
__________.
41)
A) (i) B) (ii) C) (iii) D) (iv) E) (v)
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
42) Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of
aluminum? 42)
A) Al- (g) + e- 􀎑Al2- (g)
B) Al+ (g) + e- 􀎑Al2+ (g)
C) Al+ (g) + e- 􀎑 Al (g)
D) Al (g) 􀎑Al+ (g) + e-
E) Al+ (g) 􀎑 Al2+ (g) + e-
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
43) Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius? 43)
A) Cl B) O C) Ne D) F E) S
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
11
44) Of the following elements, __________ has the most negative electron
affinity. 44)
A) Cl B) P C) B D) Al E) Si
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
45) Which of the following is an isoelectronic series? 45)
A) B5-, Si4-, As3-, Te2-
B) S, Cl, Ar, K
C) O2-, P-, Ne, Na+
D) F-, Cl-, Br-, IE)
Si2-, P2-, S2-, Cl2-
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
46) Of the following metals, __________ exhibits multiple oxidation states. 46)
A) Al B) Cs C) Ca D) Na E) V
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
47) Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of aluminum? 47)
A) Al (g) 􀎑Al- (g) + e-
B) Al+ (g) + e- 􀎑 Al (g)
C) Al (g) + e- 􀎑Al- (g)
D) Al- (g) 􀎑 Al (g) + e-
E) Al (g) 􀎑Al+ (g) + e-
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
12
48) Of the following oxides, __________ is the most acidic. 48)
A) CO2 B) Al2O3 C) Na2O D) Li2O E) CaO
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
49) __________ have the lowest first ionization energies of the groups listed.
49)
A) Halogens
B) Alkali metals
C) Transition elements
D) Noble gases
E) Alkaline earth metals
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
50) When two elements combine to form a compound, the greater the
difference in metallic character
between the two elements, the greater the likelihood that the compound will
be __________.
50)
A) metallic
B) a liquid at room temperature
C) a gas at room temperature
D) a solid at room temperature
E) nonmetallic
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
51) In which of the following atoms is the 3s orbital closest to the nucleus? 51)
A) At
B) I
C) Br
D) Cl
E) The 3s orbitals are the same distance from the nucleus in all of these
atoms.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
13
52) Of the elements below, __________ is the most metallic. 52)
A) Na B) Mg C) K D) Ar E) Al
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
53) Of the following species, __________ has the largest radius. 53)
A) Kr B) Br- C) Sr2+ D) Rb+ E) Ar
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
54) Sodium is much more apt to exist as a cation than is chlorine. This is
because __________. 54)
A) chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium does
B) chlorine has a greater electron affinity than sodium does
C) chlorine is bigger than sodium
D) chlorine is more metallic than sodium
E) chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
55) Hydrogen is unique among the elements because __________.
1. It is not really a member of any particular group.
2. Its electron is not at all shielded from its nucleus.
3. It is the lightest element.
4. It is the only element to exist at room temperature as a diatomic gas.
5. It exhibits some chemical properties similar to those of groups 1A and 7A.
55)
A) 1, 4, 5 B) 1, 2, 3, 5 C) 2, 3, 4, 5 D) 3, 4 E) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
14
56) Which of the following is not a characteristic of metals? 56)
A) low ionization energies
B) ductility
C) acidic oxides
D) malleability
E) These are all characteristics of metals.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
57) Which isoelectronic series is correctly arranged in order of increasing
radius? 57)
A) Cl- < Ar < K+ < Ca2+
B) Ca2+ < Ar < K+ < Cl-
C) K+ < Ca2+ < Ar < Cl-
D) Ca2+ < K+ < Cl- < Ar
E) Ca2+ < K+ < Ar < Cl-
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
58) The list that correctly indicates the order of metallic character is
__________. 58)
A) Na > K > Rb
B) P > S > Se
C) Si > P > S
D) F > Cl > S
E) B > N > C
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
59) Which of the following has the largest second ionization energy? 59)
A) Ca B) K C) Ge D) Se E) Ga
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
15
60) Atomic radius generally increases as we move __________. 60)
A) down a group; the period position has no effect
B) up a group and from right to left across a period
C) up a group and from left to right across a period
D) down a group and from right to left across a period
E) down a group and from left to right across a period
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
61) Which of the following has the largest second ionization energy? 61)
A) Al B) Na C) Mg D) Si E) P
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
62) Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of
calcium? 62)
A) Ca+ (g) + e- 􀎑 Ca (g)
B) Ca+ (g) + e- 􀎑Ca2+ (g)
C) Ca- (g) + e- 􀎑Ca2- (g)
D) Ca (g) 􀎑Ca+ (g) + e-
E) Ca+ (g) 􀎑Ca2+ (g) + e-
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
16
Consider the following electron configurations to answer the questions that
follow:
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
(iii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
(iv) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
(v) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
63) The electron configuration that belongs to the atom with the lowest second
ionization energy is
__________.
63)
A) (i) B) (ii) C) (iii) D) (iv) E) (v)
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
64) In nature, the noble gases exist as 64)
A) alkali metal salts
B) solids in rocks and in minerals
C) monatomic gaseous atoms
D) the sulfides
E) the gaseous fluorides
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
65) Of the elements below, __________ is the most metallic. 65)
A) magnesium
B) cesium
C) calcium
D) sodium
E) barium
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
17
66) __________ is isoelectronic with argon and __________ is isoelectronic
with neon. 66)
A) Ne-, Ar+ B) F+, F- C) Ne-, Kr+ D) Cl-, F- E) Cl-, Cl+
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
67) Of the following elements, __________ has the most negative electron
affinity. 67)
A) Li B) F C) N D) Na E) Be
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
68) Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius? 68)
A) Y B) Ca C) Sr D) K E) Rb
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
69) Between which two elements is the difference in metallic character the
greatest? 69)
A) Rb and O B) Li and Rb C) O and I D) Rb and I E) Li and O
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
70) Of the following elements, __________ has the most negative electron
affinity. 70)
A) Se B) Cl C) Br D) S E) I
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
18
71) The ion with the smallest diameter is __________. 71)
A) I- B) O2- C) Cl- D) F- E) Br-
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
72) Which one of the following elements has the largest atomic radius? 72)
A) P B) B C) F D) Al E) O
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
73) Which element is solid at room temperature? 73)
A) I2 B) Br2 C) H2 D) F2 E) Cl2
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
74) In nature, sulfur is most commonly found in __________. 74)
A) sulfuric acid
B) metal sulfides
C) sulfur oxides
D) pure elemental sulfur
E) H2S
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
19
75) Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of phosphorus? 75)
A) P- (g) 􀎑 P (g) + e-
B) P (g) + e- 􀎑P- (g)
C) P (g) 􀎑P+ (g) + e-
D) P+ (g) + e- 􀎑 P (g)
E) P (g) 􀎑 P- (g) + e-
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
76) In which set of elements would all members be expected to have very
similar chemical properties? 76)
A) S, Se, Si
B) Na, Mg, K
C) Ne, Na, Mg
D) O, S, Se
E) N, O, F
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
77) All of the following are ionic compounds except __________. 77)
A) NaCl B) Li3N C) Na2SO4 D) SiO2 E) K2O
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
78) Of the following, which gives the correct order for atomic radius for Mg,
Na, P, Si and Ar? 78)
A) Ar > Si > P > Na > Mg
B) Ar > P > Si > Mg > Na
C) Na > Mg > Si > P > Ar
D) Si > P > Ar > Na > Mg
E) Mg > Na > P > Si > Ar
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
20
79) Consider the general valence electron configuration of ns2np5 and the
following statements:
(i) Elements with this electron configuration are expected to form -1 anions.
(ii) Elements with this electron configuration are expected to have large
positive electron affinities.
(iii) Elements with this electron configuration are nonmetals.
(iv) Elements with this electron configuration form acidic oxides.
Which statements are true?
79)
A) (i), (ii), and (iii)
B) (i) and (ii)
C) (i), (iii,) and (iv)
D) (ii) and (iii)
E) All statements are true.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
80) Which ion below has the largest radius? 80)
A) K+ B) F- C) Cl- D) Br- E) Na+
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
81) The atomic radius of main-group elements generally increases down a
group because __________. 81)
A) the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals increases
B) effective nuclear charge decreases down a group
C) effective nuclear charge increases down a group
D) effective nuclear charge zigzags down a group
E) both effective nuclear charge increases down a group and the principal
quantum number of
the valence orbitals increases
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
21
82) Which of the following generalizations cannot be made with regard to
reactions of alkali metals?
(The symbol M represents any one of the alkali metals.)
82)
A) M (s) + O2 (g) 􀎑 MO2 (s)
B) 2M (s) + S (s) 􀎑M2S (s)
C) 2M (s) + Cl2 (g) 􀎑 2MCl (s)
D) 2M (s) + 2H2O (l) 􀎑 2MOH (aq) + H2 (g)
E) 2M (s) + H2 (g) 􀎑 2MH (s)
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
83) Of the choices below, which gives the order for first ionization energies?
83)
A) Ar > Cl > S > Si > Al
B) Al > Si > S > Cl > Ar
C) S > Si > Cl > Al > Ar
D) Cl > S > Al > Ar > Si
E) Cl > S > Al > Si > Ar
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
84) Which of the following correctly lists the five atoms in order of increasing
size (smallest to largest)? 84)
A)O < F < S < Mg < Ba
B)O < F < S < Ba < Mg
C) F < S < O < Mg < Ba
D) F < O < S < Ba < Mg
E) F < O < S < Mg < Ba
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
85) Which one of the following has the smallest radius? 85)
A) Cl B) Br C) Fe D) P E) Na
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
22
86) Which one of the following elements has the largest atomic radius? 86)
A) Sb B) As C) Se D) S E) Te
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
87) Xenon has been shown to form compounds only when it is combined with
__________. 87)
A) something with a tremendous ability to remove electrons from other
substances
B) an alkali metal
C) an alkaline earth metal
D) something with a tremendous ability to donate electrons to other
substances
E) another noble gas
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
88) Which one of the following beverages originally contained lithium salts?
88)
A) Koolaid®
B) Seven-Up®
C) Pepsi-Cola®
D) Coca-Cola®
E) Gatorade®
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
89) Consider the following properties of an element:
(i) It is solid at room temperature.
(ii) It easily forms an oxide when exposed to air.
(iii) When it reacts with water, hydrogen gas evolves.
(iv) It must be stored submerged in oil.
Which element fits the above description the best?
89)
A) magnesium
B) sodium
C) sulfur
D) mercury
E) copper
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
23
Consider the following electron configurations to answer the questions that
follow:
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
(iii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
(iv) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
(v) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
90) The electron configuration belonging to the atom with the highest second
ionization energy is
__________.
90)
A) (i) B) (ii) C) (iii) D) (iv) E) (v)
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
91) The noble gases were, until relatively recently, thought to be entirely
unreactive. Experiments in
the early 1960s showed that Xe could, in fact, form compounds with fluorine.
The formation of
compounds consisting of Xe is made possible by __________.
91)
A) the stability of xenon atoms
B) the availability of xenon atoms
C) xenon’s relatively low ionization energy
D) xenon’s noble gas electron configuration
E) xenon’s relatively low electron affinity
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each
statement or answers the question.
92) In their compounds, the charges on the alkali metals and the alkaline
earth metals are
__________ and __________, respectively.
92)
Answer: +1, +2
Explanation:
93) As successive electrons are removed from an element , the ionization
energy __________. 93)
Answer: increases
Explanation:
94) What are the elements called that are located between the metals and
non-metalsa ? 94)
Answer: Metalloids
Explanation:
24
95) Complete the following : P4O6 + 6H2O 95)
Answer: 4H3PO4
Explanation:
96) Write the balanced equation for the reaction of elemental chlorine with
liquid water. 96)
Answer: Cl2 (g) + H2O (l) 􀎑 HCl (aq) + HOCl (aq)
Explanation:
97) Which alkali metals can react with oxygen to form either the peroxide or
the superoxide? 97)
Answer: K, Rb, and Cs
Explanation:
98) Write the balanced reaction between zinc oxide and sulfuric acid. 98)
Answer: ZnO + H2SO4 􀎑 ZnSO4 + H2O
Explanation:
99) Which metal is a liquid at room temperature ? 99)
Answer: Mercury (Hg)
Explanation:
100) An added electron to the element bromine goes into which orbital
__________ ? 100)
Answer: 4p
Explanation:
101) [Xe]6s2 is the electron configuration for __________ ? 101)
Answer: barium
Explanation:
102) All of the group VIA elements are solids except __________ ? 102)
Answer: oxygen
Explanation:
103) Write the balanced equation for the reaction of elemental fluorine with
liquid water. 103)
Answer: 2H2O (l) + 2F2 (g) 􀎑 4HF (aq) + O2 (g)
Explanation:
104) Of the alkaline earth metals, which two elements are the least reactive?
104)
Answer: Be and Mg
Explanation:
105) When electrons are removed from a lithium atom they are removed first
from which
orbital __________?
105)
Answer: 2s1
Explanation:
106) List seven nonmetals that exist as diatomic molecules in their elemental
forms. 106)
Answer: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
Explanation:
25
107) Which noble gas has the highest first ionization energy ? 107)
Answer: helium
Explanation:
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
108) Metals can be __________ at room temperature. 108)
A) liquid only
B) solid or liquid
C) solid only
D) solid, liquid, or gas
E) liquid or gas
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
109) The __________ have the most negative electron affinities. 109)
A) chalcogens
B) transition metals
C) alkali metals
D) halogens
E) alkaline earth metals
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
110) The most common sulfur ion has a charge of __________. 110)
A) +6
B) +4
C) -1
D) -2
E) Sulfur does not form ions.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
26
111) Which alkaline earth metal will not react with liquid water or with steam
__________? 111)
A) Mg
B) Ba
C) Be
D) Ca
E) They all react with liquid water and with steam.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
112) What is the coefficient of M when the following equation is completed
and balanced if M is an
alkali metal?
M (s) + H2O (l) 􀎑
112)
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 0
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
113) The first noble gas to be incorporated into a compound was
__________. 113)
A) Xe B) He C) Kr D) Ar E) Ne
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
114) The only noble gas that does not have the ns2np6 valence electron
configuration is __________. 114)
A) krypton
B) helium
C) neon
D) radon
E) All noble gases have the ns2np6 valence electron configuration.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
27
115) The oxide of which element below can react with hydrochloric acid? 115)
A) selenium B) nitrogen C) sodium D) sulfur E) carbon
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
116) The element phosphorus exists in two forms in nature called white
phosphorus and red
phosphorus. These two forms are examples of __________.
116)
A) oxidation
B) noble gases
C) allotropes
D) isotopes
E) metalloids
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
117) An alkali metal forms a compound with chlorine with the formula
__________.
(The symbol M represents any one of the alkali metals.)
117)
A) M2Cl2 B) MCl C) M2Cl D) MCl2 E) MCl3
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
118) Na reacts with element X to form an ionic compound with the formula
Na3X. Ca will react with X
to form __________.
118)
A) Ca3X B) CaX2 C) Ca2X3 D) Ca3X2 E) CaX
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
28
119) __________ is credited with developing the concept of atomic numbers.
119)
A) Dmitri Mendeleev
B) Henry Moseley
C) Michael Faraday
D) Ernest Rutherford
E) Lothar Meyer
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
120) The reaction of potassium metal with elemental hydrogen produces
__________. 120)
A) KH2
B) K2H
C) KH
D) None of the above; potassium will not react directly with hydrogen.
E) KOH
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
121) Of the hydrogen halides, only __________ is a weak acid. 121)
A) HI (aq)
B) HCl (aq)
C) HF (aq)
D) HBr (aq)
E) They are all weak acids.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
122) Element X reacts with chlorine to form a compound with the formula
XCl2. The oxide of element X
is basic. Element X is __________.
122)
A) Rb B) Ca C) H D) Al E) P
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
29
123) Of the halogens, which are gases at room temperature and atmospheric
pressure? 123)
A) fluorine, chlorine, and iodine
B) fluorine and chlorine
C) fluorine, chlorine, and bromine
D) fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine
E) fluorine, bromine, and iodine
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
124) Most of the elements on the periodic table are __________. 124)
A) metalloids B) nonmetals C) liquids D) gases E) metals
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
125) The reaction of a metal with a nonmetal produces a(n) __________. 125)
A) salt B) oxide C) acid D) base E) hydroxide
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
126) What is the coefficient of H2O when the following equation is completed
and balanced?
Ba (s) + H2O (l) 􀎑
126)
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) Ba(s) does not react with H2O (l).
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
30
127) 2 F2 (g) + 2 H2O (l) 􀎑 __________. 127)
A) 4 HF (aq) + O2 (g)
B) 2 HF2 (aq) + 2 OH- (aq)
C) 2 HF (aq) + 2 HFO (aq)
D) 2 F- (aq) + 2 H+ (aq) + H2O2 (aq)
E) 4 HF (aq) + 2 O2- (aq)
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
128) In general, as you go across a period in the periodic table from left to
right:
(1) the atomic radius __________;
(2) the electron affinity becomes __________ negative; and
(3) the first ionization energy __________.
128)
A) decreases, increasingly, increases
B) decreases, decreasingly, increases
C) increases, increasingly, decreases
D) decreases, increasingly, decreases
E) increases, increasingly, increases
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
129) The substance, __________ is always produced when an active metal
reacts with water. 129)
A) O2 B) H2 C) CO2 D) H2O E) NaOH
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
31
130) Elements in the modern version of the periodic table are arranged in
order of increasing
__________.
130)
A) atomic number
B) oxidation number
C) average atomic mass
D) atomic mass
E) number of isotopes
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
131) Oxides of most nonmetals combine with water to form __________. 131)
A) a base
B) water
C) water and a salt
D) hydrogen gas
E) an acid
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
132) Element M reacts with chlorine to form a compound with the formula
MCl2. Element M is more
reactive than magnesium and has a smaller radius than barium. This element
is __________.
132)
A) Sr B) Be C) K D) Ra E) Na
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
133) The most common and stable allotrope of sulfur is __________. 133)
A) S2
B) S4
C) S8
D) S
E) Sulfur does not form allotropes.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
32
134) The first ionization energies of the elements __________ as you go from
left to right across a period
of the periodic table, and __________ as you go from the bottom to the top of
a group in the table.
134)
A) increase, increase
B) increase, decrease
C) decrease, increase
D) decrease, decrease
E) are completely unpredictable
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
135) All the elements in group 8A are gases at room temperature. Of all the
groups in the periodic table,
only group __________ contains examples of elements that are gas, liquid,
and solid at room
temperature.
135)
A) 5A B) 6A C) 7A D) 1A E) 2A
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
136) Cl2 (g) + H2O (l) 􀎑 __________ 136)
A) Cl2 (aq) + H2O (l)
B) 2 HCl (aq) + O2 (g)
C) 2 HCl (aq) + O2- (g)
D) HCl (aq) + HOCl (aq)
E) 2 Cl- (aq) + H2O (l)
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
137) Oxides of most nonmetals combine with base to form __________. 137)
A) water
B) a base
C) an acid
D) hydrogen gas
E) water and a salt
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
33
138) Which group 6A element is a metal? 138)
A) tellurium
B) selenium
C) polonium
D) tellurium and polonium
E) sulfur
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
139) An alkaline earth metal forms a compound with oxygen with the formula
__________.
(The symbol M represents any one of the alkaline earth metals.)
139)
A) MO3 B) MO2 C) MO D) M2O2 E) M2O
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
140) Oxides of the active metals combine with acid to form __________. 140)
A) oxygen gas
B) hydrogen gas
C) water and a salt
D) metal hydroxides
E) metal hydrides
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
141) Oxides of the active metals combine with water to form __________.
141)
A) metal hydroxides
B) water and a salt
C) oxygen gas
D) hydrogen gas
E) metal hydrides
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
34
142) Which periodic table group contains only nonmetals __________? 142)
A) 7A B) 2A C) 8A D) 6A E) 5A
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
143) Which nonmetal exists as a diatomic solid? 143)
A) phosphorus
B) bromine
C) iodine
D) boron
E) antimony
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
144) The element(s) __________ could be used to produce a red or crimson
color in fireworks. 144)
A) Mg or Ba
B) Ba
C) Ca, Sr, or Li
D) Sr
E) Na or K
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
TRUE/FALSE. Write ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if the statement is false.
145) Cadmium preferentially binds to carbonic anhydrase, displacing zinc.
145)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
146) Electron affinity measures how easy an atom gains an electron. 146)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
147) The atomic radius of iodine is one-half the distance separating the iodine
nuclei. 147)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
35
148) The effective nuclear charge acting on an electron is larger than the
actual nuclear charge. 148)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
149) A group of ions all containing the same number of electrons constitute an
isoelectronic series. 149)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
36
Answer Key
Testname: C7
1) E
2) A
3) E
4) C
5) B
6) A
7) D
8) C
9) B
10) A
11) E
12) A
13) C
14) C
15) A
16) E
17) C
18) B
19) D
20) A
21) D
22) D
23) C
24) E
25) D
26) D
27) B
28) C
29) D
30) E
31) A
32) D
33) A
34) A
35) E
36) A
37) A
38) E
39) E
40) B
41) B
42) E
43) E
44) A
45) C
46) E
47) E
48) A
49) B
50) D
37
Answer Key
Testname: C7
51) A
52) C
53) B
54) A
55) B
56) C
57) E
58) C
59) B
60) D
61) B
62) E
63) B
64) C
65) B
66) D
67) B
68) E
69) A
70) B
71) D
72) D
73) A
74) B
75) C
76) D
77) D
78) C
79) C
80) D
81) A
82) A
83) A
84) E
85) A
86) A
87) A
88) B
89) B
90) A
91) C
92) +1, +2
93) increases
94) Metalloids
95) 4H3PO4
96) Cl2 (g) + H2O (l) 􀎑 HCl (aq) + HOCl (aq)
97) K, Rb, and Cs
98) ZnO + H2SO4 􀎑 ZnSO4 + H2O
99) Mercury (Hg)
38
Answer Key
Testname: C7
100) 4p
101) barium
102) oxygen
103) 2H2O (l) + 2F2 (g) 􀎑 4HF (aq) + O2 (g)
104) Be and Mg
105) 2s1
106) hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
107) helium
108) B
109) D
110) D
111) C
112) B
113) A
114) B
115) C
116) C
117) B
118) D
119) B
120) C
121) C
122) B
123) B
124) E
125) A
126) B
127) A
128) A
129) B
130) A
131) E
132) A
133) C
134) A
135) C
136) D
137) E
138) C
139) C
140) C
141) A
142) C
143) C
144) D
145) TRUE
146) TRUE
147) TRUE
148) FALSE
39
Answer Key
Testname: C7
149) TRUE
40