On Board Diagnostics II PCED http://www.motorcraftservice.com/pubs/content/~WVS2/~MUS~LEN/1...

1995 PCED On Board Diagnostics II SECTION 1: Description and Operation

Ignition System

Overview
The Ignition System is primarily designed to ignite the compressed air/fuel mixture supplied to the engine by the fuel
and air systems. Also, the ignition system provides engine timing information to the Powertrain Control Module
(PCM) for proper vehicle operation.

Electronic Ignition System (EI High Data Rate)

The EI High Data Rate systems consist of an Ignition Control Module (ICM), a Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP), a
PCM and connecting wiring harnesses. Six cylinder applications use a six tower coil pack and eight cylinder
applications use two four tower coil packs.

The vehicles that use an EI system with a stand-alone ICM are the Mustang, Thunderbird, Cougar, Crown Victoria,
Grand Marquis, Town Car and Windstar.

The EI High Data Rate system eliminates the need for a distributor by using multiple coil packs. Each coil within the
pack fires two spark plugs at the same time. The plugs are paired so that as one fires during the compression stroke,
the other fires during the exhaust stroke. The next time the coil is fired, the plug that was on exhaust will be on
compression and the plug that was on compression will be on exhaust.

The CKP is used to indicate crankshaft position and speed information to the ICM. By sensing a missing tooth on a
trigger wheel mounted on the crankshaft damper, the CKP is also able to identify a specific point in the travel of
piston 1. The ICM uses this information from the CKP to generate a Profile Ignition Pickup (PIP) signal that is sent to
the PCM.

Once the PCM recognizes the PIP signal, fuel and spark functions are enabled. The calculated spark target is sent
from the PCM to the ICM as a pulse width modulated digital signal called the Spark Output (SPOUT). The ICM
decodes the SPOUT signal and fires the next spark at the commanded spark target.

Coil firing is initiated by energizing the ICM coils in sequence using the missing tooth as a reference and firing at the
commanded spark target.

By energizing the primary side of the coils on proper sequence and connecting the secondary wires in accordance
with the engine firing order, a power stroke is achieved on each cylinder. In addition, an Ignition Diagnostic Monitor
(IDM) signal is transmitted on each spark firing. This signal communicates information by pulse width modulation and
provides a clean, buffered signal with a frequency proportional to engine speed for tachometer operation.

The ICM also serves as an electric switch for a coil primary circuit. When the switch closes, current flows and a
magnetic field expands around the primary coil. When the switch opens, the field collapses and causes the
secondary coil to fire the spark plugs at high voltage.

For EEC-V Integrated-EI Components and System Description, refer to the EEC-V Hardware and Software in this
section.

Block Diagram

Mustang and Windstar

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Thunderbird/Cougar, Crown Victoria/Grand Marquis and Town Car

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Waveforms

Mustang, Windstar, 3.0L and 4.0L Ranger

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Thunderbird/Cougar, Crown Victoria/Grand Marquis, Continental and Town Car

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2.3L Ranger

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Hardware

Crankshaft Position Sensor

The Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP) is a magnetic transducer mounted on the engine block adjacent to a 36 minus
one tooth trigger wheel located on the crankshaft. By monitoring the crankshaft mounted trigger wheel, the CKP is
the primary sensor for ignition information to the ICM. The trigger wheel has a total of 35 teeth spaced 10 degrees
apart with one empty space for a missing tooth. By monitoring the trigger wheel, the CKP indicates crankshaft
position and speed information to the ICM. By monitoring the missing tooth, the CKP is also able to identify piston
travel in order to synchronize the ignition system and provide a way of tracking the angular position of the crankshaft
relative to a fixed reference. Refer to Figures 1, 2 and 3.

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Figure 1: 3.8L Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP)

Figure 2: 4.6L Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP)

Figure 3: 3.0L Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP)

Ignition Control Module

The primary function of the Ignition Control Module (ICM) is to deliver full energy spark at a crank angle targeted by
the PCM and provide the PCM with crankshaft position information. The ICM also produces an Ignition Diagnostic
Monitor (IDM) signal that is sent to the PCM. Refer to Figure 4.

Figure 4: Ignition Control Module (ICM)

PIN No. Pinout: 3.8L/3.0L ICM

1 PIP I
2 IDM I
3 SPOUT I
4 IGN GND I
5 CKP -I

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6 CKP +I
7 CKP Shield
8 VPWR I
9 PWR GND I
10 Coil 1 (CYL 1 and 5) I
11 Coil 3 (CYL 2 and 6) I
12 Coil 2 (CYL 3 and 4) I

PIN No. Pinout: 4.6L ICM

1 PIP I
2 IDM I
3 SPOUT I
4 CKP -I
5 CKP +I
6 VPWR I
7 IGN GND I
8 RC1 (CYL 1 and 6) I
9 RC2 (CYL 3 and 5) I
10 PWR GND
11 LC3 (CYL 4 and 7) I
12 LC4 (CYL 2 and 3) I

Powertrain Control Module

The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) (Figure 5) receives IGN GND and PIP signals from the ICM, and generates a
SPOUT signal based upon engine speed, load, temperature and other sensor information. An IDM signal is received
from the ICM to determine if an ignition failure mode should be recorded.

Figure 5: 104 Pin Powertrain Control Module (PCM)

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Coil Pack
The coil is turned on (i.e. coil charging) by the ICM, then turned off, firing two spark plugs at once. The spark plugs
are paired so that as one spark plug fires on the compression stroke, the other spark plug fires on the exhaust stroke.
The next time the coil is fired the situation is reversed. The next pair of spark plugs fire according to the engine firing
order, etc. Refer to Figures 6 and 7.

Figure 6: Six Tower Coil Pack for 3.8L and 3.0L Applications (Stand Alone ICM Only)

Figure 7: Four Tower Coil Packs for 4.6L Applications

Component Location

Mustang

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Figure 8: Mustang Location of Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP)

Figure 9: Mustang Location of Ignition Control Module

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Figure 10: Mustang Location of Six Tower Coil Pack

Figure 11: Mustang Location of Crankshaft Position Sensor

Figure 12: Mustang Location of Damper and Pulley Assembly

Thunderbird/Cougar, Crown Victoria/Grand Marquis, Town Car

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Figure 13: Thunderbird/Cougar, Crown Victoria/Grand Marquis and Town Car: Location of Damper and Pulley
Assembly and Camshaft Position Sensor

Figure 14: Thunderbird/Cougar Location of Ignition Control Module

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Figure 15: Crown Victoria/Grand Marquis and Town Car Location of Ignition Control Module

Figure 16: Thunderbird/Cougar Location of Four Tower Coil Packs

Figure 17: Crown Victoria/Grand Marquis and Town Car Location of Four Tower Coil Packs

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Figure 18: Thunderbird/Cougar, Crown Victoria/Grand Marquis and Town Car Location of Crankshaft Position Sensor

Component Location

3.0L Windstar

Figure 19: 3.0L Windstar Location of Synchronizer Assembly

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Figure 20: 3.0L Windstar Stator and Synchronizer Assembly

Figure 21: 3.0L Windstar Location of Ignition Control Module

Figure 22: 3.0L Windstar Location of Six Tower Coil Pack

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Figure 23: 3.0L Windstar Location of Crankshaft Position Sensor

Figure 24: 3.0L Windstar Location of Damper and Pulley Assembly

Component Location

3.8L Windstar

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Figure 25: 3.8L Windstar Location of Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP)

Figure 26: 3.8L Windstar Location of Ignition Control Module

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Figure 27: 3.8L Windstar Location of Six Tower Coil Pack

Figure 28: 3.8L Windstar Location of Crankshaft Position Sensor

Figure 29: 3.8L Windstar Location of Damper and Pulley Assembly

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