REPORT TEXT

Purpose To describe the way things are such as a man-made thing, animals, and plants.

Text Organization a. General Classification

introduces the topic of the report such as the class or sub-class

b. Identification

give the shape/form, parts, behavior, habitat, way of survival

Language Features a. The use of general nouns

b. The use of relating verbs

c. The use of present tenses

d. The use of behavior verbs

e. The use of technical terms

More information about REPORT TEXT:

"Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of

systematic observation and analyses."

A report describes the way things are. A report also refers to a range of natural or man-made and
social phenomena in our environment.

It tells us the general classification of something.

e.g. Whales are mammals.

Spiders are arachnids.

Whales are different from fish.

A report also tells us the parts, qualities, behaviors, or the uses.

e.g. Orchids have hard leaves.

Most fish live in a tropical climate.

Fish lay eggs but whales have their babies.

Did you know?

Relating verbs are verbs that link the subject and the rest of the sentence.

e.g. Whales are classified into mammals.

Birds are divided into various kind of genus.

Water, oil, and petrol are grouped into liquid.

These verbs belong to linking verbs:

Is are have

Has get look

Resemble appear belong

e.g. Whales are mammals.

The blue whale is the largest animal ever known.

Spiders belong to arachnids.

A komodo looks like a dragon.

A spider has eight legs.

Behavior verbs refer to physiological and psychological behavior of living things. Pay
attention to the following sentences:

 Deer feed on young leaves.

 Rabbits burrow in the ground.
 Bees suck honey from flowers.
 Birds perch on trees.

Technical terms are nouns which are often used in a report text.

e.g. There are two types of whales in the world. They are toothed and baleen whales.

Computers have many functions that help us a lot in an office.

Do you know how many genus of birds there are in the world?
 These are the other words that you can use to compose your report text:

Characteristics Groups Families Kinds

Features Divisions Members Sorts
Principles Classification Orders Categories
Criteria Types Classes Species
Behavior Structures Forms Genus
Formation Movements Uses Functions
development Evolution Growth Organizations

Paragraph:

A paragraph is a group of sentences dealing with a single topic or idea. Usually, one sentence,
called the topic sentence, states the main idea of the paragraph. All the other sentences are
related to this topic sentence. They further explain or support the main idea.

The topic sentence of a paragraph is like a contract between writer and reader. The writer is
saying, in effect , “I have an idea I want to explain to you.” The reader is answering, ”All right,
explain it to me. For the writer to hold to the contract, he or she must explain the idea stated in
the topic sentence. Therefore, the topic sentence controls the content of the paragraph.

TASKS: Do the following tasks based on each direction.

Chapter 6: What do they look like?

page 74 – 94 Buku Siswa Kelas XII

A. Task 3: Read and Skim. Read and skim each paragraph in the reading text about zebras below.
After you skim each paragraph, write the number of the paragraph next to the question it answers.
(p.79)

1. ______________ What do zebras look like?

2. ______________ How many species of zebras are there?

3. ______________ What are zebras?

4. ______________ What are the functions of the stripes of zebras?

5. ______________ Where do zebras live?

6. ______________ What do zebras eat?

B. COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS (p.81)

Answer the questions briefly.

1. Where are zebras generally found?

2. What are the most obvious characteristics of zebras?

3. How can people domesticate zebras?

4. What do people do to get more-easily-trained animals?

5. Why can zebras adapt to the African land?

6. How do zebras prevent themselves from predators?

7. Why are zebras called social animals?

8. What are the functions of the stripes?

9. What is being debated? What is the fact? Why do you think so?

10. What does the last sentence mean?

C. Find a factual report text about animals. You can go to the library or search in the Internet.
Use the following questions to help you select the text.

1. What is the animal?

2. What does the animal look like?

3. What does the animal eat?

4. Where does the animal live?

5. What other information about the animal is found in the text?

Look through your text. Write down the adjectives and the nouns that they describe in the table
below.

Adjectives Nouns
D. Task 3: Find the relating verbs.

Look through your text again. Rewrite the sentences that have relating verbs (is, are, was, were, has,
have, or had). Compare what you have with other groups. (page 88)

E. Task 1: Vocabulary Exercise As you already know the meaning of the (new) words in the reading
text about zebras, now use the words to fill in the blanks. Consider the context of the sentences in
choosing the right words. (page 88 – 89)

F. Task 2: Grammar Exercise Use the correct relating verbs (is, are, was, were, has, have, or had) to
fill in the blanks. (page 90 – 91)

Task 2: Writing

Rearrange the following sentences to form a good paragraph.

1. Zoologists, the people who study animals, classify them according to the structure of their body.

2. This is known as classification.

3. Animals are often grouped together according to their similarities.

4. The simplest scientific grouping is the species, animals that are basically alike and breed among
themselves.

5. For example, some animals live in water, some on land; some are meat-eaters, some eat plants,
and some eat both.

Chapter 7: Read the Nature, page 96 – 110

Task 2: Comprehension questions (page 99 – 100)

A. Read the text about Tornado carefully, and then answer these questions briefly.

1. What does the word tornado mean?

2. What is a tornado?

3. How do tornadoes usually turn?

4. What do tornadoes look like?

5. What are the other names of tornadoes?

6. Why is it technically not correct to refer tornadoes as funnel clouds?

7. Why is a tornado described as a twister?

8. What usually precedes a tornado?

9. What usually accompanies a tornado?

10. What does the word some in the last line refer to?

B. Rewrite present verbs in the text! (p.99)

Task 2: Observe the present verbs. Look through the text again. Underline all the verbs in the
present forms like in the following example. (page 102 – 103)

D. ASSOCIATING

Task 1: Vocabulary Exercise

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words. Consider the contexts of the sentences in choosing the
right words. (page 105 – 106)

Task 2: Grammar Exercise Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct present form. (page 106 –
107)

Task 3: Speaking

Some natural phenomena include flood, earthquakes, landslides, or rainy season. In groups,
find some information about one natural phenomenon as assigned by your teacher. You can go to
the library or search in the Internet. Use the following questions to help you.

1. What is the natural phenomenon?

2. What does the phenomenon look like?

3. What features does the phenomenon have?

4. What other features does the phenomenon have?

Present what your group has found in front of the class. Use pictures or other necessary media to
help clarify your presentation.

Task 2: Writing

Rearrange the following sentences to form a good paragraph.

1. Nest building is an instinct.

2. Cardinals and thrushes make this kind of nest.

3. Birds do not learn to build nests.

4. Some swallows make their nests in a hole in a tree or rock.

5. They line the bottom of the hole with grass, feathers, fur, and moss.

6. Many birds make a cup-shaped nest out of twigs and grass.

Chapter 8: Students Don't Bully(page 111 – 131)

Task 2: Read and skim. (page 113 – 115)

Read and skim each paragraph in the reading text about bullying below. After you skim each
paragraph, write the number of the paragraph next to the question it answers.

1. _______________What is physical bullying?

2. _______________ What is verbal bullying?

3. _______________What is bullying?

4. _______________ What are the effects of bullying?

5. _______________What is cyber bullying?

6. _______________ What is another effect of bullying?

7. _______________What is emotional bullying?

Task 3: Comprehension questions Read again the text above and then answer these questions
briefly. (page 115 – 116)

1. What is bullying?

2. What do bullies usually do to other people?

3. What is the purpose of bullying?

4. How many types of bullying are there?

5. What differentiates one type of bullying from another?

6. What are the effects of bullying?

7. Which do you think is the most damaging kind of bullying?

8. Why do the bullied teens fantasize of attacking the bullies?

9. Why do the bullied teens seek for support to their classmates in retaliating the bullying instead
of doing it themselves?
10. How can retaliation cause heartbreak?

11. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?

Vocabulary Builder (page 116 – 117)

Task 4: Identify the meaning of words. Match the words in the left column to their meanings on the
right column. See the example.

D. ASSOCIATING Task 1: Vocabulary Exercise Choose the appropriate words to fill in the blanks.
Consider the contexts. (page 123 – 127)

Task 2: Grammar Exercise (page 126 – 127)

Put the verbs into the –ing form (gerund).

1. (fish) in this lake is forbidden.

2. Fishing in this lake is forbidden.

Task 3: Grammar Exercise Put the verbs in the brackets, which are in the object position of
preposition, into the -ing form. (page 127 – 128)

FINAL TASK: Create your own factual report about the disaster of smoke in Riau. Write on a piece of
HVS paper with size A4.

Do you know how to create a factual report? Respond to these questions to check whether you
understand how to create a factual report about natural phenomena.

1. Do you use general information to introduce your topic as a classification?

2. Do you give necessary description (specific features) using subheadings?

3. Do you use present verbs?

4. Do you use -ing forms for verbs used as subjects or objects?

5. Do you pay attention to spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and formatting?

6. Do you use references?