Jherald Gayloa MTH (9:00AM- 2:30PM)

BS Psychology- 1 Psychological Statistics

1.) Within a school district, students were randomly assigned to one of two Math
teachers - Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Jones. After the assignment, Mrs. Smith had 28 students, and
Mrs. Jones had 25 students. At the end of the year, each class took the same standardized test.
Mrs. Smith's students had an average test score of 78, with a standard deviation of 10; and
Mrs. Jones' students had an average test score of 85, with a standard deviation of 15.

Test the hypothesis that Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Jones are equally effective teachers. Use a 0.10
level of significance. (Assume that student performance is approximately normal. Assuming
that the population variances are equal.)

1.) What is the null hypothesis?

𝐻 0 : µ𝑆 − µ 𝐽 = 0

2.) What is the alternative hypothesis?

𝐻1 : µ𝑆 − µ𝐽 ≠ 0

3.) What is the test statistic to be used?

( 𝑥̅𝑆 − 𝑥̅𝐽 ) − 𝑑0
𝑡=
1 1
𝑠𝑝 √𝑛 + 𝑛
𝑆 𝐽

Where

(𝑛𝑆 − 1)𝑠𝑆2 + (𝑛𝐽 − 1)𝑠𝐽2

𝑠𝑝 = √
𝑣

And

𝑣 = 𝑛𝑆 + 𝑛𝐽 − 2 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑜𝑚 (𝑑𝑓)

4.) What is the appropriate critical region?

𝑡 < −𝑡𝑎,𝑣 𝑜𝑟 𝑡 > 𝑡𝑎,𝑣

2 2

𝑡 < −0.05, 51 𝑜𝑟 𝑡 > 0.05, 51

 5.) What is the actual value of the test statistic?
(78−85)−0
𝑡= 1 1
= −1.98
12.60√ +
28 25

(28 − 1)102 + (25 − 1)152

𝑠𝑝 = √ = 12.60
51

𝑣 = 28 + 25 − 2 = 51

6.) What is the statistical decision?

−1.98 < 1.684 𝑜𝑟 − 1.98 > 1.684

𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑟 𝐹𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑒, 𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒, Failed to reject 𝐻0

7.) What is the statistical conclusion?

Therefore, we have sufficient evidences to conclude that they are equally effective
teachers at 𝛼 = 0.10 𝐻1 statement.

2.) The Acme Company has developed a new battery. The engineer in charge claims
that the new battery will operate continuously for at least 7 minutes longer than the old battery.
To test the claim, the company selects a simple random sample of 100 new batteries and 100 old
batteries. The old batteries run continuously for 190 minutes with a standard deviation of 20
minutes; the new batteries, 200 minutes with a standard deviation of 40 minutes. Test the
engineer's claim that the new batteries run at least 7 minutes longer than the old. Use a 0.05
level of significance. (Assume that there are no outliers in either sample.)

1.) What is the null hypothesis?

𝐻0 : µ𝑁 − µ𝑂 = 7
2.) What is the alternative hypothesis?

𝐻0 : µ𝑁 − µ𝑂 > 7
 3.) What is the test statistic to be used?

(𝑥̅1 − 𝑥̅2 ) − 𝑑0
𝑧=
𝜎12 𝜎22
√ +
𝑛1 𝑛2

4.) What is the appropriate critical region?

𝑧 < 𝑧𝑎

𝑧 < 𝑧0.05

𝑧 < 1.645
5.) What is the actual value of the test statistic?

(200−190)− 7
𝑧= 2 2
= 0.67
√40 +20
100 100

6.) What is the statistical decision?

0.67 > 1.645

𝐹𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑒, 𝑅𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝐻0

7.) What is the statistical conclusion?

Therefore, we do not have sufficient evidences to conclude that the new batteries
would run longer than the old batteries at 𝛼 = 0.05 𝐻1 statement.