TENSE

Tense

Present Past Future

Simple/Indefinite Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous

M.V. 1 / M.V. 2 M.V. 1 +ing M.V. 3 M.V. 3 + M.V. 1 + ing

been + M.V. 1 + ing

Be (is/am/are) Was/Were Been
H.V. & M.V. Have (Has) Had Had
Do (Does) Did Done
 Forms of Verb :-
Present Past Past Participle Present Infinitive
Participle
A) M.V. 1 M.V. 1 + ed M.V. 1 + ed M.V. + ing TO + M.V. 1
Eg. Help Helped Helped Helping To Help
Move Moved Moved Moving To Move

B) M.V. 1 (Con.+Y) M.V. 1 + ied M.V. 1 + ed M.V. + ing TO + M.V. 1

Eg. Bury Buried Buried Burying To Bury
C) M.V. 1 (Vowel+Y) M.V. 1 + ed M.V. 1 + ed M.V. + ing TO + M.V. 1
Eg. Play Played Played Playing To Play
D) Pay Paid Paid Paying To Pay
Slay(कत्ल करना) Slew Slain
Drive Drove Driven
Drink Drank Drunk
Ring Rang Rung
Begin Began Begun
Shoot Shot Shot
 Fight Fought Fought
Seek (खोजना) Sought Sought
Leave Left Left
Sell Sold Sold
Hold Held Held
Grow Grew Grown
Hit Hit Hit
Hurt Hurt Hurt
Hear Heard Heard
Beat Beat Beaten
E) Get (पाना) Got Got
Forget (भल
ू ना) Forgot Forgot
Give Gave Given
Forgive (माफ करना) Forgave Forgiven
Come Came Come
Become (होना/बनना) Became Become
Overcome (उभरना/जीतना) Overcame Overcome
See Saw Seen
 Foresee (अनम
ु ान) Foresaw Foreseen
F) Fall (गिरना) Fell Fallen
Fell (गिराना) Felled Felled
Find Found Found
Found Founded Founded
Hang(टाांिना) Hung Hung
Hang(फाांसी पर लटकाना) Hanged Hanged
Swim(तैरना) Swam Swum
Float(तैरना) Floated Floated
Sink(डूबना) Sank Sunk
Drown(डूबना) Drowned Drowned
Bear (सहन करना) Bore Bore
Bear (जन्म लेना) Bore Born
Lie(लेटना/रखा-होना) Lay Lain
Lie(झूठ बोलना) Lied Lied
Lay(रखना) Laid Laid
Bid(अनम
ु तत दे ना) Bade Bidden
Bid(बोली लिाना) Bid Bid
 Bid(विदा लेना) Bade Bade
Bid (N) बोली - -
Fly Flew Flown
Flee Fled Fled
Flow(बहना) Flowed Flowed
Blow(बहना) Blew Blown
Overflow Overflowed Overflowed
Spell Spelt Spelt
Spill (छलकना) Spilt Spilt
Split Split Split
Spit Spat Spat
Spin Spun/Span Spun
Wind (N) - हिा
Wind (V) (चाबी भरना) Wound Wound
Wound (V)(घायल होना) Wounded Wounded
Wound (N) घाि (चोट से)
Blister (N) घाि ( िमम चीज़ों से)
 A) Present Tense :-
1. Present Indefinite Tense –
Structure – Positive Sub.+ M.V.1 / M.V. 1 +s/es+Obj.+Rest of all
Negative Sub.+do/does+not+M.V.1 +Obj.+Rest of all
Interrogative H.V.से Do/Does + Sub. + M.V. 1 + Obj. + Rest of all ?
not
W.H.से Do/Does + Sub. + M.V.1 + Obj. + Rest of all ?
Not
Eg. Do you not want ?
Don’t you want ?
W Who Sub. (Person)
Whom Object (Person)
Which Sub. / Obj. (Thing/Animal)
Whose Poss. Adj. (+ Noun)
What Obj. (Things)
When Time
Where Place
Why Reason
H How Manner
How Much Quantity (S.V.N.)
How Many Numbers (P.C.N.)
How long Time / Distance
 Rest :- Indefinite
Remaining (शेष) :- Definite

Q.1 He wants to / spend remaining of his life / in his

village. / No Error
Time Adverbs :-
Always , Never , Seldom , Often , Usually ,
Generally , Occasionally
Every + time word (day / week / month…) ,
daily , habitual action , routine action , universal
truth , mathematical fact , news headlines ,
sports commentary , nearest future plan .
Eg.
1. He goes to the office at 9’o clock daily.
2. He goes for a walk every morning.
Go + To Destination Leave + for Destination
Go + For Purpose
Eg.
sets
1. The sun rises / in the East and set / in the
west. / No Error
Set - अस्त होना / स्थावपत होना Set Set
Sit – बैठना Sat Sat
Set in (Phrasal Verb) To Commence (शरू ु होना)
Eg.
Two and two makes four.
make
made
is making
Eg.
1. The Prime Minister signs the deal with Russia.
Sign (V)- हस्ताक्षर करना Deal in - व्यापार करना
Signature (N) - हस्ताक्षर Deal with - तनपटना
Deal (N) - समझौता
Eg.
1. Rohit Sharma hits the first six of this innings.
studies
2. He goes / to the USA for / further study next
month. / No Error
Study (N) – Particular
Studies (N) – Academic
Study (V) - अध्ययन करना

Q.1 The university helds / the entrance exam to get admission

/ in m.sc in August every year. / No Error
does he work
Q.2 What / he works / in this organisation ? / No Error
what he works
Q.3 I know / What does he work / in this organisation. / No
Error
 Present Continuous Tense :-
1 Sub. + is/am/are + M.V.1 + ing + obj. + rest of all.
2 Sub. + is/am/are + not + M.V.1 + ing + obj. + rest of all
3 Is/am/are + Sub + M.V.1 + ing + obj. + rest of all ?
Not
Time Adverbs :- Now , Now-a-days , These days , At
Present , At Movement , Today , Tonight , Temporary ,
Actions , Nearest future plan .
Eg.
are you
1. Why / you are making so many / mistakes in the
project now-a-days ? / No Error
 Permanent (Routine Action) :- Present
indefinite
(Temporary Action) :- Present
continuous
Eg.
1. He usually wears a black cap but today , he is wearing a
white one .
is teaching
Q.1 Now-a-days , a new teacher / teaches us English because /
our teacher of English is on leave . / No Error
discuss
Q.2 In India , People are discussing / cricket matches
whenever / they meet one another. / No Error

Q.3 Newspapers told us what happens around us.

A) tell B) tells
C) are telling D) No improvement
 Some verbs which are not used in continuous tense .
They will be used in the former tense .
Indefinite Continuous

Perfect Perf. Continuous

Know , Remember , Believe , Smell , Taste , Belong ,

Love , Hate , Like , Dislike , Have , Appear = Seem
See Hear Feel

Seeing (दे खना) Hearing (सन

ु ना) feeling
(छूकर महसूस करना)
Watching(दे खना) Listening (To)

Seeing :- (ममलना) Hearing – सुनिाई

Eg.
know
1. I / am knowing him / very well. / No Error
knows
2. He / is knowing her / very well. / No Error
knew
3. She / was knowing her / very well. / No Error
known
4. I have / been knowing him / since my
childhood. / No Error
Q.1 The villagers are hearing / the speech of the leader / at
the rally. / No Error

Q.2 I am hearing / that you have / won the contest. / No

Error
Q.3 Today , I / am seeing / a dermatologist. / No Error

Q.4 I / was seeing / a movie with my colleagues. / No Error

Q.5 The doctor / was feeling / her pulse. / No Error

Q.6 He smiled wherever / he was remembering / his hard

early days to get success. / No Error

Q.7 My boss likes / sincere persons but he / is hating lazy

ones . / No Error
 Present Perfect Tense :-
- Sub. + has/have + M.V.3 + Obj. + Rest of all
- Sub. + has/have + not + M.V.3 + Obj. + Rest of all
- Has/have + sub. + M.V.3 + Obj. + Rest of all ?
- W.H. + has/have + Sub. + M.V.3 + Obj. + rest of all ?
Not
Time Adverbs :-
Already , Just , Recently , Lately , Yet (अभी तक / अब तक)
So far , Till now , Upto Now , Upto Present (अभी तक /
अब तक)
Already / Just – H.V. के बाद मे और M.V. से पहले
Yet – Negative / Interrogative Sentence मे
Eg.
1. Rohit has just went to the movie with his friends.
A) has just going B) just has gone
C) has just gone D) No Improvement
2. The matter between India and Australia / has began
/ at Wankhede Stadium a few minutes Begun
before. / No Error
taken
3. The thieves has / entered the bank and / took away
lots of money. / No Error
overflowed
4. The river has overflown / its bank because it / is in
spate. / No Error
 This is the first time + Present perfect Tense
Second
Third…..
Since – Simply बात कहने के मलए
Ever Since - बात पर जोर दे ने के मलए (Priority)
Present Perfect + Since/Ever since + Past Indefinite
Since/Ever since + Past Indefinite , Present Indefinite
Eg. Have met
1. I met him twice / since he returned from his vacation . / No
Error
2. Since he returned from his vacation , I have met him twice .
/ No Error
3. I haven’t talked to him since we quarrelled with with each
other.
A) When B) While C) Ever since D) No Improvement
 Use of ‘For / Since / From / All / Whose –
A) Use of ‘for’ :- Period of time
Indefinite time
Eg. For two days
For five years
For a long time / period
For a moment
For a while
For decades / countries / ages
For + the + last / past + cardinal adj. + time word
Eg. For the last two weeks.
B) Use of ‘since’ :- Point of time
Definite time
Since + name of day / month / year / part of the day /
season / festival / event / stage of one’s life.
Eg. Since Monday
Since January
Since 2007
Since morning
Since summer
Since Diwali
Since his marriage / arrival / departure / quarrel
Since its inception
Since his childhood
Since + last / past + cardinal adj. + time word
Ex. Since last two weeks
C) Since + period of time + ago
Ex. For three months ago.
Since
D) For / since + all / whole + time word
(day , week)
E) From time immemorial
From immemorial time
 4) Present Perfect Continuous Tense :-
Sub. + has / have + been + M.V.1 + ing + obj. + since / for + time
Sub. + has/have + not + been + M.V.1+ ing + obj.+since/for + time
has/have + Sub. + been + M.V.1 + ing + obj. + since / for + time ?
Not
WH.+ has/have + Sub.+ been + M.V.1 + ing + obj.+since/for+time ?
Not
1. यदद sentence for / since + time ददया हो तो Perfect Continuous
Tense का use होता है ।
Eg. since
1. He has / been watching T.V. / for morning. / No Error
2. He is studying English for five hours.
A) has been studying B) had been studying
C) have been studying D) No Improvement
2. यदद sentence मे for / since + time ददया हो और Main verb ना हो
तो Has been / Have been का use होता है ।
Eg.
1. For ages , / India has been a champion / of peace and non-
violence. / No Error
3. यदद sentence मे for / since + time हो और Main verb की
continuous form ना बने तो उसे Perfect Tense मे बनाया जाता
है ।
Eg.
1. I have been knowing him since my childhood .
A) have knew B) have knowing
C) have known D) No Improvement
Q.1) My cousin has been illing for two moments .
A) has been ill / has been illing B) has illed
C) is illing D) No Improvement
ill
Q.2) My cousin / has been sick / for two months. / No Error
 B) Past Tense
1. Past Indefinite Tense :-
Sub. + M.V. 2 + Obj. + rest of all.
Sub. + did + not + M.V.1 + Obj. + rest of all.
Did + Sub. + M.V.1 + Obj. + Rest of all ?
Not
WH. + Did + Sub. + M.V.1 + Obj. + Rest of all ?
Not
Time Adverbs : - Yesterday , Ago , Last + time word ,
Past time.
Q.1) Why did you not submitted the report to the
department yesterday ?
A) Did you not submitting B) not did you submit
C) Did you not submit D) No Improvement
 telecast
Q.2) Doordarshan / telecasted / all the matches of /
the world cup in 2015. / No Error
Used to + M.V.1 Past habit / routine action.
Would
Eg.
1. He used to sleep late night in the college days.
2. Gandhi ji would spin in the afternoon.
It is time / about time / high time + Past indefinite time
Eg. :- It is about time you ____ working at this project.
A) will start B) are starting
C) start D) started
took
Q.1) It is high time / when you should take / your
responsibilities on this post. / No Error
• Phrase – It is high time It is high time

Auspicious time Already late

यदद कोई action past मे हो िया तो उसके Past
Indefinite का use होता है । यदद कोई Action past मे
Start हुआ लेककन उसका effect , Present तक हो तो
उसके मलए Present Perfect Tense का use होता है ।
Ex.
1. He ate nothing yesterday. / He did not eat anything
yesterday.
2. He ate nothing since yesterday.
A) has ate B) has eaten
C) Has eating D) No improvement
 Past Continuous Tense :-
- Sub. + was/were + M.V.1 + ing + Obj. + rest of all
- Sub. + was/were + not + M.V.1 + ing + Obj. + rest of all
- Was/were + Sub. + M.V.1 + ing + Obj. + rest of all ?
Rule : 1
यदद Past मे दो action जारी थे तो दोनों के मलए Past
Continuous Tense का use होता है ।
When - जब दो काये एक के बाद एक हो । एक
कायम जारी हो और दस ू रा काये उसके बीच
मे हो।
While - जब दो काये एक साथ हो।
Eg.
While
1. When he / was watching T.V. , She / was cooking food. /
No Error
 Rule : 2
यदद Past मे एक काये जारी तथा दस ू रा काये
बीच मे हो(Sudden action) तो जारी काये के मलए
Past Continuous तथा बीच िाले काये के मलए
Past Indefinite का होता है ।
Eg.
When
1. While he came / to my house , I was sleeping
soundly in my room. / No Error
 Past Perfect Tense :-
- Sub. + had + M.V.3 + Obj. + Rest of all
- Sub. + had + Not + M.V.3 + Obj. + Rest of all
- Had + Sub. + M.V.3 + Obj. + rest of all ?
Rule : 1
यदद Past मे दो action एक के बाद एक हो तो पहले काये
के Past Perfect मलए तथा बाद िाले काये के मलए
Past Indefinite का use होता है ।
1. Past Perfect + before + Past Indefinite
2. Past Indefinite + after + Past Perfect
3. When + Past Indefinite + Past Perfect
Eg.
1. The patient had died of / heart attack before / the doctor came. / No
Error
• Before the doctor came , the patient had died of heart attack.
2. I reached / the collage after / the first bell has rang up. / No Error
rung
3. When I knew about / my friends poor condition he had gone away
from me. / No Error
Q.1 When the magistrate reached the jail , the executiones had already
hang the culprit on Gallour.
A) already hanged B) had already hanging
C) had already hanged D) had already hung
• Hang (Things) - िस्तु लटकाना Hung Hung
• Hang (Person) - फाांसी दे ना Hanged Hanged
• Hanger - िस्तु लटकाने िाला
• Hanger – विमानशाला
• Hangman / Executioner – जल्लाद
• Culprit = Accused = Criminal
• Gallows - फाांसी का तख़्त
• Noose - फाांसी का फांदा
 Past Perfect Continuous Tense :-
- Sub. + Had + Been + M.V.1 + ing + Obj. + since/for + time word
- Sub. + Had + not been + M.V.1 + ing + Obj. + since/for + time word
- Had + Sub. + been + M.V.1 + ing + Obj. + since/for + time word ?
had been
Q.1) He was residing in Jaipur / since 2011. / No Error
Q.2) He was knowing her for five years.
A) was known B) has known
C) had knew D) had known
since
Q.3) He had / been watching T.V. / for two hours ago. / No
Error

Q.4) It had been / raining cats and dogs for all day. / No Error
Q.5) Indian farmers had been / reeling under the weight of
poverty / since time immemorial. / No Error
for
 Future Tense
1. Future Indefinite Tense :-
• Positive : Sub. + shall/will + M.V.1 + Obj. + rest of all
• Negative : Sub. + shall/will + not + M.V.1 + Obj. + rest of all
• Interrogative : Will/shall + Sub. + M.V.1 + Obj. + rest of all ?
Not
Time Adverbs : Tomorrow , Next + Time Word , Future Plan
Eg.
1. He will go to the USA for further studies next month .
2. He goes to the USA for further studies next month .
3. He is going to the USA for further studies next month .
sell
Q.1 The company will sale / its waste materials to the supplies / through
auction tomorrow. / No Error
Sell (V) Affect (V)
Sale (N) Effect (N)
2. Future Indefinite Tense :-
- Sub. + will/shall + have been + M.V. + ing + Obj. +
for/from + time
- Sub. + will/shall + Not + have been + M.V. + ing +
Obj. + for/from + time
- Will/shall + sub. + have been + M.V. + ing + obj. +
Not for/from + time ?
Q.1 This institute will have been providing / the
scholarship to the meritorious students / since
January 2020. / No Error from
H.V. Be(is/am/are) was/were Been
& Have (has) had had
M.V. Do (does) did done
 Be :- has been
Q.1 It is a / long time since I / met him in Jaipur. /
No Error
Q.2 He is writing / novels since he / became
has been graduate. / No Error
P.C. – P. Indefinite
Single has , have – M.V.
Have :- होना/रखना (can use ing)
Possession

ing
Eg.
has
1. She / is having / a pet dog. / No Error
have
2. They / are having / lots of money. / No Error
had
3. He / was having / two cars. / No Error