Chap 004

Chapter 04
Analytics, Decision Support, and Artificial Intelligence: Brainpower for Your

Business
Multiple Choice Questions
1. During which phase of the decision making process does one find or recognize a
problem, need, or opportunity?
A. Design
B. Choice
C. Implementation
D. Intelligence
2. During which phase of the decision making process do you develop all the
possible solutions you can?
A. Design
B. Intelligence
C. Choice
D. Implementation
3. Which phase of the decision making process involves examining and weighing the
merits of solutions, estimating the consequence of each, and choosing the best
solution?
A. Implementation
B. Choice
C. Intelligence
D. Design
4. Which phase of the decision making process involves carrying out the chosen
solution, monitoring the results, and making adjustments as necessary?
A. Choice
B. Execution
C. Implementation
D. Maintenance
5. Which decision making phase is called the prescriptive phase of decision making?
A. Design
B. Choice
C. Implementation
D. Intelligence
6. If you were fine-tuning your technology solution so that it worked more efficiently
than its original form, what decision making phase would you be in?
A. Implementation
B. Maintenance
C. Choice
D. Continuation
7. When you make a choice that may not necessarily be the best choice but it meets
your needs, you're making a(n) _____ choice.
A. satisficing
B. compromising
C. suitable
D. strategic
8. A(n) _____ decision involves processing a certain kind of information in a specified
way so that you will always get the right answer.
A. recurring
B. ad hoc
C. defined
D. structured
9. In a(n) _____ decision, there may be several "right" answers, and there is no precise
way to get a right answer.
A. recurring
B. ad hoc
C. nonstructured
D. structured
10. In reality, most decisions fall between:
A. recurring and unstructured decisions.
B. recurring and nonrecurring decisions.
C. structured and unstructured decisions.
D. structured and nonrecurring decisions.

11. _____ decisions happen repeatedly, and often periodically, whether weekly,
monthly, quarterly, or yearly.
A. Recurring
B. Ad hoc
C. Defined
D. Structured
12. There are four main types of decisions. Which type of decision is also called an ad
hoc decision?
A. Nonstructured
B. Nonrecurring
C. Structured
D. Defined
13. A DSS typically has three components. The _____ component allows you to
communicate with the DSS.
A. data management
B. user interface management
C. model management
D. query management
14. A decision support system (DSS) typically has three components. Which of the
following performs the functions of storing and maintaining information?
A. user interface management
B. query management
C. model management
D. data management
15. Which of the following is an external source of information one uses in DSS?
A. The company's CRM and SCM
B. The company's databases and data warehouses
C. Employee's insights and experience
D. Dow Jones industrial average
16. The _____ management component consists of a wide variety of statistical and
analytical tools and techniques.
A. data
B. user interface
C. model
D. query
17. Which type of DSS allows you to analyze spatial information?
A. GIS
B. EIS
C. SCM
D. SIS
18. _____ information is any information that can be shown in map form.
A. Cartographic
B. Topographic
C. Spatial
D. Representative
19. If you needed to analyze the bear population in Maine and their interactions with
humans located in towns and cities, what type of computer application should you
use?
A. Model management
B. Expert system
C. Geographic information system
D. Multidimensional information system

20. What is the term used when businesses employ GIS software to generate maps
showing information of interest?
A. Business geography
B. Topography
C. Business mapping
D. Spatial analysis
21. _____ are GIS systems that use GPS technology to gather information regarding
people's location.
A. Enterprise resource planning
B. Enterprise information systems
C. Global information systems
D. Social locationing systems
22. _____ help gather, store, and organize a wealth of information from which business
intelligence can be derived.
A. MDA tools
B. Databases and DBMSs
C. QBE tools
D. Digital dashboards
23. Which of the following data mining tools displays key information gathered from
several sources on a computer screen in a format tailored to the needs and wants
of an individual knowledge worker?
A. Artificial intelligence
B. Digital dashboards
C. QBE tools
D. MDA tools
24. Which of the following data mining tools helps you apply various mathematical
models to information to discover new information?
A. Geographic information systems
B. QBE tools
C. Statistical tools
D. Artificial intelligence
25. Which of the following is the science of making machines imitate human thinking
and behavior?
A. Database management
B. Machine intelligence
C. Artificial intelligence
D. Swarm management
26. _____ refers to discovering groups of customers that are in some way or another
"similar," without using any a priori and known structures.
A. Summarization
B. Clustering
C. Classification
D. Regression
27. Which of the following intelligence-related tasks attempts to evaluate historical,

known data to derive structures and inferences that can be applied to newly
gathered or future data?
A. Summarization
B. Clustering
C. Classification
D. Regression
28. The goal of regression is:
A. to discover clusters with various similarities.
B. compile more data and information to ease decision making.
C. to evaluate historical, known data to derive structures and inferences.
D. to find corollary and causal relationships between sets of data.

29. Which of the following data-mining technologies uses historical information to
predict future events and outcomes?
C. Multidimensional analysis tools
D. Predictive analytics
30. A prediction _____ is a specific measurable value based on an attribute of the entity
under consideration.
A. indicator
B. goal
C. scope
D. index
31. _____ is a process of using statistical, artificial intelligence, and linguistic techniques
to convert information content in surveys, e-mails, blogs, and social media into
structured information.
A. Web analytics
B. Text analytics
C. Endless analytics
32. _____ is the study of word frequency distributions.
A. Lexicography
B. Lexical analysis
C. Verbosity
D. Prolixity
33. The word "Mercury" can refer to an element, a planet, an automobile brand, a
record label, a NASA manned-spaceflight project, a plant, and a Roman god. This
is an example of ____.
A. disambiguation
B. coreference
C. verbosity
D. prolixity
34. _____ is the handling of differing noun phrases that refer to the same object.
A. Verbosity
B. Coreference
C. Lexical analysis
D. Disambiguation
35. Which of the following is an artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning
capabilities to reach a conclusion?
B. Geographic information systems
C. Web analytics
D. Expert system
36. An expert system is usually built for a specific application area called a(n) ____.
A. Web site
B. portal
C. domain
D. database
37. Which of the following artificial intelligence systems is capable of finding and
differentiating patterns?
A. Neural networks
B. Expert systems
C. Geographic information systems
D. Decision support systems

38. If you were using your PDA and it was analyzing and reacting to every word you
typed on the pad, what type of system would you be using?
A. Handwriting analysis
B. Expert system
C. Neural network
D. Knowledge management system
39. If you were to shop regularly at a clothing store and this store provided you with
regular discounts on clothes because it recognized you as a valuable customer,
this store would be employing which of the following type of systems?
A. Expert systems
B. Neural network
D. Text analytics
40. _____ is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.
A. Decision support system
B. Fuzzy logic
C. Neural network

41. _____ are a set of steps that relate variables representing inexact information or
personal perceptions.
A. Heuristics
B. Fuzzy logic algorithms
C. Metaphors
D. Domains
42. Which type of artificial intelligent system mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-
fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem?
A. Fuzzy logic
B. Genetic algorithm
C. Neural network
D. Expert system
43. Jake needs to analyze the types of career paths he wishes to follow. There are
hundreds of different possibilities based on the geographical area, industry, salary,
etc. What type of artificial intelligence system can Jake employ to find a suitable
career?
A. Artificial intelligence synthesis system
B. Neural network
C. Expert system
D. Genetic algorithm
44. What is the difference between an expert system and a genetic algorithm?
A. An expert system uses a genetic algorithm to assist in understanding the

problem.
B. An expert system provides more accurate solutions that a genetic algorithm.
C. A genetic algorithm provides you with the best solution; an expert system
applies reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion.
D. Expert systems belong in the category of artificial intelligence; genetic

algorithms work with large database and warehouse systems that are not
considered artificially intelligent.
45. A(n) _____ is a small piece of software that acts on your behalf (on behalf of
another piece of software) performing tasks assigned to it.
A. agent-based technology
B. virtual robot
C. vicarious software
D. I-robot
46. Which of the following software agents can adapt and alter the manner in which it
attempts to achieve its assigned task?
A. Mobile agent
B. Distributed agent
C. Intelligent agent
D. Autonomous agent
47. A(n) ______ works on multiple distinct computer systems.
A. autonomous agent
B. distributed agent
C. multi-agent system
D. mobile agent
48. A(n) _____ is a software agent that can relocate itself onto different computer
systems.
A. mobile agent
C. intelligent agent
D. autonomous agent
49. What are the best known information agents?
A. Personal agents
B. User agents
C. Predictive agents
D. Buyer agents
50. If your Internet business helped customers find the right product for their needs
and then suggested other products based on the information you've gathered on
this customer and similar customers, what intelligent agent would you be using?
A. Data-mining agent
B. User agent
C. Predictive agent
D. Shopping agent
51. What type of intelligence agent constantly observes and reports on some entity of
interest, a network, or manufacturing equipment?
A. Shopping agent
B. Data-mining agent
C. Monitoring-and-surveillance agent
D. Personal agent
52. When the aircraft manufacturer, Porco Rosso uses intelligent agents to observe
inventory levels and help identify and solve potential problems, Porco Rosso is
using a(n) _____ agent.
A. user
B. data-mining
C. monitoring-and-surveillance
D. reporting
53. _____ agents are intelligent agents that take action on your behalf.
A. Data-mining
B. User
C. Monitoring-and-surveillance
D. Buyer
54. What type of intelligent agent operates in a data warehouse discovering
information?
B. Information agent
C. Personal agent
D. Monitoring-and-surveillance agent
55. _____ is the concept of learning from ecosystems and adapting their characteristics
to human and organizational situations.
A. Evolution
B. Ecology
C. Biomimicry
D. Sociology
56. _____ is the collective behavior of groups of simple agents that are capable of
devising solutions to problems as they arise, eventually leading to coherent global
patterns.
A. Group intelligence
B. Swarm intelligence
C. Social intelligence
D. Crowd behavior
True / False Questions
57. The intelligence phase is the diagnostic phase of decision making.
True False
58. The design phase of decision making is the stage at which a course of action is
prescribed.
True False
59. In the implementation phase of decision making, analytics takes on the role of
quality control, allowing you to gather information regarding your solution to
ensure that it's staying on target.
True False
60. The four phases of decision making are linear and once one phase is complete it
does not return.
True False
61. A company with "maximum growth" as its goal is using a satisficing strategy while
a company with "high growth" as its goal is using an optimizing strategy.
True False
62. Most decisions fall somewhere between structured and unstructured.
True False
63. Unstructured elements of a decision for choosing a job include consideration of

such things as salary and signing bonus.
True False
64. A recurring decision is one that happens repeatedly, and often periodically,
whether weekly, monthly, quarterly, or yearly.
True False
65. A decision support system (DSS) is a highly flexible and interactive IT system that is
designed to support decision making when the problem is not structured.
True False
66. The user interface management component of a DSS allows you to communicate
with the DSS.
True False
67. You can incorporate your own insights and experience into your DSS.
True False
68. A geographic information system (GIS) is an expert system designed specifically to

analyze spatial information.
True False
69. Query-and-reporting tools are the heart of every organization and any analytics
initiative.
True False
70. MDA tools are slice-and-dice techniques that allow you to view multidimensional
information from different perspectives.
True False
71. Predictive analytics and text analytics have broad application to all industries.
True False
72. Clustering is the most basic, yet the most powerful, form of data mining.
True False
73. Regression is solely executed using regression analysis.
True False
74. If you build a predictive analytics model for a prediction goal that is in some way
wrong, your subsequent activities will be erroneous as well.
True False
75. Text analytics works primarily with nonstructured elements.
True False
76. While text analytics relies mainly on statistical models, predictive analytics makes
use of statistical models and also linguistic models to build predictive models.
True False
77. Disambiguation is the process of determining differing noun phrases that refer to
the same object.
True False
78. SEO improves the visibility of a Web site through the use of tags and key terms
found by search engines.
True False
79. Mobile analytics is the analysis of data related to the use of mobile devices by
customers and employees.
True False
80. AI systems can be independent, stand-alone decision-making systems, or they can

be embedded into a larger analytics system, carrying out and executing specific
functions.
True False
81. Diagnostic problems correspond to the choice phase of decision making.
True False
82. A neural network simulates the human ability to classify things without taking
prescribed steps leading to the solution.
True False
83. The basic approach of fuzzy logic is to assign values between 1 and 2 to vague or
ambiguous information.
True False
84. The lower the value assigned through fuzzy logic, the closer it is to 1.
True False
85. A genetic algorithm finds the combination of inputs that gives the best outputs.
True False
86. A multi-agent system is a software agent that works on multiple distinct computer
systems.
True False
87. A data-mining agent can detect the presence of new information and alert you.
True False
88. Swarm intelligence gives us a way to examine collective systems where groups of
individuals have certain goals, solve problems, and make decisions without
centralized control or a common plan.
True False
89. Swarm intelligence can be implemented for scheduling, resource allocation, and
routing.
True False
Fill in the Blank Questions
90. The _____ phase of decision making involves detecting and interpreting signs that
indicate a situation which needs one's attention.
________________________________________
91. The _____ phase of decision making involves considering possible ways of solving a
problem.
________________________________________
92. The _____ phase of decision making involves examining and weighing the merits of
each solution.
________________________________________
93. The _____ phase of decision making carries out the chosen solutions, monitors the
results, and makes adjustments as necessary.
________________________________________
94. _____ is making a choice that meets your needs and is satisfactory without
necessarily being the best possible choice available.
________________________________________
95. A(n) _____ decision involves processing a certain kind of information in a specified
way so that you will always get the right answer.
________________________________________
96. A(n) _____ decision is one for which there may be several "right" answers and there
is no precise way to get a right answer.
________________________________________
97. A(n) _____ decision is one that happens repeatedly, and often periodically, whether
weekly, monthly, quarterly, or yearly.
________________________________________
98. A(n) _____ decision is one that you make infrequently (perhaps only once) and you
may even have different criteria for determining the best solution each time.
________________________________________
99. A(n) _____ is a highly flexible and interactive IT system that is designed to support
decision making when the problem is not structured.
________________________________________
100.The _____ is the part of the system you see; through it you enter information,
commands, and models.
________________________________________
101.The _____ component performs the function of storing and maintaining

information that you want your DSS to use.
________________________________________
102.A(n) _____ is a decision support system designed specifically to analyze spatial

information.
________________________________________
103._____ information is any information that can be shown in map form.
________________________________________
104._____ help gather, store, and organize a wealth of information from which business
intelligence can be derived.
________________________________________
105._____ help you apply various mathematical models to information to discover new
information.
________________________________________
106._____ is the most basic, yet often the most powerful, form of data mining.
________________________________________
107.A(n) _____ is a specific measurable value based on an attribute of the entity under
consideration.
________________________________________
108._____ is a process of using statistical, artificial intelligence, and linguistic techniques
to convert information content in surveys, e-mails, blogs, and social media into
structured information.
________________________________________
109._____ is the study of word frequency distributions.
________________________________________
110._____ refers to discerning subjective business intelligence such as mood, opinion,

and emotion.
________________________________________
111. _____ is the science of making machines imitate human thinking and behavior.
________________________________________
112.A(n) _____ is an artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning capabilities to

reach a conclusion.
________________________________________
113.A(n) _____ is an artificial intelligence system that is capable of finding and
differentiating patterns.
________________________________________
114._____ is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.
________________________________________
115.A(n) _____ is an artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary, survival-
of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem.
________________________________________
116.A(n) ____, is a small piece of software that acts on your behalf (on behalf of another
piece of software) performing tasks assigned to it.
________________________________________
117.A(n) _____ is a software agent that can adapt and alter the manner in which it
attempts to achieve its assigned task.
________________________________________
118.A(n) _____ is a software agent that works on multiple distinct computer systems.
________________________________________
119.A(n) _____ is a software agent that incorporates artificial intelligence capabilities
such as learning and reasoning.
________________________________________
120.A(n) _____ is a group of intelligent agents that have the ability to work
independently but must also work with each other in order to achieve their
assigned task.
________________________________________
121._____ are intelligent agents that constantly observe and report on some entity of
interest, a network, or manufacturing equipment.
________________________________________
122.A(n) _____ agent operates in a data warehouse discovering information.
________________________________________
123._____ is the concept of learning from ecosystems and adapting their characteristics
to human and organizational situations.
________________________________________
124._____ is the collective behavior of groups of simple agents that are capable of
devising solutions to problems as they arise, eventually leading to coherent global
patterns.
________________________________________
Chapter 04 Analytics, Decision Support, and Artificial Intelligence:
Brainpower for Your Business Answer Key
Multiple Choice Questions
1. During which phase of the decision making process does one find or recognize
a problem, need, or opportunity?
A. Design
B. Choice
C. Implementation
D. Intelligence
The intelligence phase involves detecting and interpreting signs that indicate a
situation which needs your attention.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 04-01 Compare and contrast decision support systems and geographic information systems.
Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Decisions and Decision Support
2. During which phase of the decision making process do you develop all the
possible solutions you can?
A. Design
B. Intelligence
C. Choice
D. Implementation
In the design phase, you must consider possible ways of solving the problem,
filling the need, or taking advantage of the opportunity. In this phase, you
develop all the possible solutions you can.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
3. Which phase of the decision making process involves examining and weighing
the merits of solutions, estimating the consequence of each, and choosing the
best solution?
A. Implementation
B. Choice
C. Intelligence
D. Design
In the choice phase, you must examine and weigh the merits of each solution,
estimate the consequences of each, and choose the best one.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
4. Which phase of the decision making process involves carrying out the chosen
solution, monitoring the results, and making adjustments as necessary?
A. Choice
B. Execution
C. Implementation
D. Maintenance
In the implementation stage, you must carry out the chosen solution, monitor
the results, and make adjustments as necessary.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
5. Which decision making phase is called the prescriptive phase of decision
making?
A. Design
B. Choice
C. Implementation
D. Intelligence
The choice phase is called the prescriptive phase of decision making as it's the
stage at which a course of action is prescribed.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
6. If you were fine-tuning your technology solution so that it worked more
efficiently than its original form, what decision making phase would you be in?
A. Implementation
B. Maintenance
C. Choice
D. Continuation
In the implementation stage, you must carry out the chosen solution, monitor
the results, and make adjustments as necessary. Simply implementing a solution
is seldom enough. Your chosen solution will always need fine-tuning, especially
for complex problems or changing environments.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Apply
Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard
7. When you make a choice that may not necessarily be the best choice but it
meets your needs, you're making a(n) _____ choice.
A. satisficing
B. compromising
C. suitable
D. strategic
Satisficing is making a choice that meets your needs and is satisfactory without
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Understand
Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium
8. A(n) _____ decision involves processing a certain kind of information in a
specified way so that you will always get the right answer.
A. recurring
B. ad hoc
C. defined
D. structured
A structured decision involves processing a certain kind of information in a

specified way so that you will always get the right answer. No "feel" or intuition
is necessary. These are the kinds of decisions you can program.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
9. In a(n) _____ decision, there may be several "right" answers, and there is no
precise way to get a right answer.
A. recurring
B. ad hoc
C. nonstructured
D. structured
A nonstructured decision is one for which there may be several "right" answers,
and there is no precise way to get a right answer. No rules or criteria exist that
guarantee you a good solution.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
10. In reality, most decisions fall between:
A. recurring and unstructured decisions.
B. recurring and nonrecurring decisions.
C. structured and unstructured decisions.
D. structured and nonrecurring decisions.
In reality, most decisions fall somewhere between structured and unstructured,

for example, choosing a job.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Understand
11. _____ decisions happen repeatedly, and often periodically, whether weekly,
monthly, quarterly, or yearly.
A. Recurring
B. Ad hoc
C. Defined
D. Structured
A recurring decision is one that happens repeatedly, and often periodically,

AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
12. There are four main types of decisions. Which type of decision is also called an
ad hoc decision?
A. Nonstructured
B. Nonrecurring
C. Structured
D. Defined
A nonrecurring, or ad hoc, decision is one that you make infrequently (perhaps

only once), and you may even have different criteria for determining the best
solution each time.
AACSB: Analytic
Blooms: Remember
13. A DSS typically has three components. The _____ component allows you to
A. data management
B. user interface management
C. model management
D. query management
The user interface management component allows you to communicate with

the DSS. The user interface is the part of the system you see; through it you
enter information, commands, and models.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
14. A decision support system (DSS) typically has three components. Which of the
following performs the functions of storing and maintaining information?
A. user interface management
B. query management
C. model management
D. data management
The data management component of a DSS performs the functions of storing

and maintaining information and also that of giving you access to information
you want your DSS to use.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
15. Which of the following is an external source of information one uses in DSS?
A. The company's CRM and SCM
B. The company's databases and data warehouses
C. Employee's insights and experience
D. Dow Jones industrial average
Some decisions require input from external sources of information. Various

branches of the federal government, Dow Jones, and the Internet, to mention
just a few, can provide additional information for use with a DSS.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
16. The _____ management component consists of a wide variety of statistical and
analytical tools and techniques.
A. data
B. user interface
C. model
D. query
The model management component consists of a wide variety of statistical and

analytical tools, techniques, and models. The tools, techniques, and models you
choose to you use will vary greatly depending on the decision-making task at
hand.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
17. Which type of DSS allows you to analyze spatial information?
A. GIS
B. EIS
C. SCM
D. SIS
A geographic information system (GIS) is a decision support system designed

specifically to analyze spatial information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Geographic Information Systems
A. Cartographic
B. Topographic
C. Spatial
D. Representative
Spatial information is any information that can be shown in map form, such as
roads, the distribution of bald eagle population, sewer systems, the path of a
hurricane, and even the shortest driving route from beginning location to
destination.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
19. If you needed to analyze the bear population in Maine and their interactions
with humans located in towns and cities, what type of computer application
should you use?
A. Model management
B. Expert system
D. Multidimensional information system

specifically to analyze spatial information. Spatial information is any information
that can be shown in map form, such as roads, the distribution of bald eagle
population, sewer systems, the path of a hurricane, and even the shortest
driving route from beginning location to destination.

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Apply
20. What is the term used when businesses employ GIS software to generate maps
showing information of interest?
A. Business geography
B. Topography
C. Business mapping
D. Spatial analysis
When businesses use GIS software to generate maps showing information of

interest, we call it business geography.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
21. _____ are GIS systems that use GPS technology to gather information regarding
people's location.
A. Enterprise resource planning
B. Enterprise information systems
C. Global information systems
D. Social locationing systems
Social locationing systems are GIS systems that use GPS technology to gather
information regarding people's location.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
22. _____ help gather, store, and organize a wealth of information from which
business intelligence can be derived.
A. MDA tools
B. Databases and DBMSs
C. QBE tools
D. Digital dashboards
Databases and DBMSs are the heart of every organization and any analytics
initiative. These help gather, store, and organize a wealth of information from
which business intelligence can be derived.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
Topic: Data-Mining Tools and Models
23. Which of the following data mining tools displays key information gathered
from several sources on a computer screen in a format tailored to the needs
and wants of an individual knowledge worker?
C. QBE tools
D. MDA tools
Digital dashboards display key information gathered from several sources on a

computer screen in a format tailored to the needs and wants of an individual
knowledge worker.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
24. Which of the following data mining tools helps you apply various mathematical
models to information to discover new information?
A. Geographic information systems
B. QBE tools
C. Statistical tools
D. Artificial intelligence
Statistical tools help you apply various mathematical models to information to

discover new information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
25. Which of the following is the science of making machines imitate human
thinking and behavior?
B. Machine intelligence
C. Artificial intelligence
D. Swarm management
Artificial intelligence is the science of making machines imitate human thinking

and behavior.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
26. _____ refers to discovering groups of customers that are in some way or another
"similar," without using any a priori and known structures.
A. Summarization
B. Clustering
C. Classification
D. Regression
Clustering refers to discovering groups of entities (like customers) that are in

some way or another "similar," without using any a priori and known structures.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
27. Which of the following intelligence-related tasks attempts to evaluate historical,
known data to derive structures and inferences that can be applied to newly
gathered or future data?
A. Summarization
B. Clustering
C. Classification
D. Regression
Classification is also known as prediction (although the two are not the same).
Here, you attempt to evaluate historical, known data to derive structures and
inferences that can be applied to newly gathered or perhaps future data.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
28. The goal of regression is:
A. to discover clusters with various similarities.
B. compile more data and information to ease decision making.
C. to evaluate historical, known data to derive structures and inferences.
D. to find corollary and causal relationships between sets of data.
Regression, although it is a statistical term, is not solely executed using

regression analysis. The goal here is to find corollary and often causal
relationships between sets of data.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
29. Which of the following data-mining technologies uses historical information to
predict future events and outcomes?
C. Multidimensional analysis tools
Predictive analytics is a highly computational data-mining technology that uses

information and business intelligence to build a predictive model for a given
business application. So, predictive analytics is all about using historical
information to predict future events and outcomes.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 04-02 Describe the decision support role of specialized analytics like predictive analytics and text analytics.
30. A prediction _____ is a specific measurable value based on an attribute of the
entity under consideration.
A. indicator
B. goal
C. scope
D. index
A prediction indicator is a specific measurable value based on an attribute of the

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
31. _____ is a process of using statistical, artificial intelligence, and linguistic
techniques to convert information content in surveys, e-mails, blogs, and social
media into structured information.
A. Web analytics
B. Text analytics
C. Endless analytics
Text analytics is a process of using statistical, artificial intelligence, and linguistic

techniques to convert information content in textual sources—like surveys, e-
mails, blogs, and social media—into structured information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
A. Lexicography
B. Lexical analysis
C. Verbosity
D. Prolixity
Lexical analysis is the study of word frequency distributions.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
33. The word "Mercury" can refer to an element, a planet, an automobile brand, a
record label, a NASA manned-spaceflight project, a plant, and a Roman god.
This is an example of ____.
A. disambiguation
B. coreference
C. verbosity
D. prolixity
Disambiguation is the process of determining the specific meaning of a named

entity recognition. For example here, "Mercury" may refer to many things.

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Apply
34. _____ is the handling of differing noun phrases that refer to the same object.
A. Verbosity
B. Coreference
C. Lexical analysis
D. Disambiguation
Coreference refers to the handling of differing noun phrases that refer to the
same object.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
35. Which of the following is an artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning
capabilities to reach a conclusion?
B. Geographic information systems
C. Web analytics
D. Expert system
An expert system, also called a knowledge-based system, is an artificial

intelligence system that applies reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 04-03 Describe the role and function of an expert system in analytics.
Topic: Artificial Intelligence
36. An expert system is usually built for a specific application area called a(n) ____.
A. Web site
B. portal
C. domain
D. database
An expert system is usually built for a specific application area called a domain.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
37. Which of the following artificial intelligence systems is capable of finding and
differentiating patterns?
A. Neural networks
B. Expert systems
C. Geographic information systems
D. Decision support systems
A neural network simulates the human ability to classify things without taking
prescribed steps leading to the solution. A neural network (often called an
artificial neural network or ANN) is an artificial intelligence system that is capable
of finding and differentiating patterns.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 04-04 Explain why neural networks are effective decision support tools.
38. If you were using your PDA and it was analyzing and reacting to every word you
typed on the pad, what type of system would you be using?
A. Handwriting analysis
B. Expert system
C. Neural network
Neural networks are widely used for visual pattern and speech recognition
systems. If you've used a tablet PC that deciphered your handwriting, it was
probably a neural network that analyzed the characters you wrote.

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Apply
39. If you were to shop regularly at a clothing store and this store provided you with
regular discounts on clothes because it recognized you as a valuable customer,
this store would be employing which of the following type of systems?
A. Expert systems
B. Neural network
D. Text analytics
Neural networks are most useful for identification, classification, and prediction
when a vast amount of information is available. By examining hundreds, or even
thousands of examples, a neural network detects important relationships and
patterns in the information.

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Apply
A. Decision support system
B. Fuzzy logic
C. Neural network
Fuzzy logic is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective

information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
41. _____ are a set of steps that relate variables representing inexact information or
personal perceptions.
A. Heuristics
B. Fuzzy logic algorithms
C. Metaphors
D. Domains
A fuzzy logic algorithm is a set of steps that relate variables representing inexact
information or personal perceptions.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
42. Which type of artificial intelligent system mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-
the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem?
A. Fuzzy logic
B. Genetic algorithm
C. Neural network
D. Expert system
A genetic algorithm is an artificial intelligence system that mimics the

evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better
solutions to a problem. In other words, a genetic algorithm is an optimizing
system: It finds the combination of inputs that gives the best outputs.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 04-05 Define genetic algorithms and the types of problems they help solve.
43. Jake needs to analyze the types of career paths he wishes to follow. There are
hundreds of different possibilities based on the geographical area, industry,
salary, etc. What type of artificial intelligence system can Jake employ to find a
suitable career?
A. Artificial intelligence synthesis system
B. Neural network
C. Expert system
D. Genetic algorithm
A genetic algorithm is an optimizing system. It finds the combination of inputs

that gives the best outputs.

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Apply
44. What is the difference between an expert system and a genetic algorithm?
A. An expert system uses a genetic algorithm to assist in understanding the

problem.
B. An expert system provides more accurate solutions that a genetic algorithm.
C. A genetic algorithm provides you with the best solution; an expert system
applies reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion.
D. Expert systems belong in the category of artificial intelligence; genetic

algorithms work with large database and warehouse systems that are not
considered artificially intelligent.

Expert systems are excellent for diagnostic and prescriptive problems. A genetic
algorithm is an artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary,
survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a
problem. In other words, a genetic algorithm is an optimizing system: It finds
the combination of inputs that gives the best outputs.

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
45. A(n) _____ is a small piece of software that acts on your behalf (on behalf of
A. agent-based technology
B. virtual robot
C. vicarious software
D. I-robot
An agent-based technology, or a software agent, is a small piece of software

that acts on your behalf (on behalf of another piece of software) performing
tasks assigned to it.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe data-mining agents and multi-agent systems as subsets of intelligent agents and agent-based
technologies.
Topic: Agent-Based Technologies
46. Which of the following software agents can adapt and alter the manner in which
it attempts to achieve its assigned task?
A. Mobile agent
B. Distributed agent
C. Intelligent agent
D. Autonomous agent
An autonomous agent is a software agent that can adapt and alter the manner
in which it attempts to achieve its assigned task.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
47. A(n) ______ works on multiple distinct computer systems.
A. autonomous agent
C. multi-agent system
D. mobile agent
A distributed agent is a software agent that works on multiple distinct computer

systems.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
48. A(n) _____ is a software agent that can relocate itself onto different computer
systems.
A. mobile agent
C. intelligent agent
D. autonomous agent
A mobile agent is a software agent that can relocate itself onto different
computer systems.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
49. What are the best known information agents?
A. Personal agents
B. User agents
C. Predictive agents
D. Buyer agents
Information agents are intelligent agents that search for information of some
kind and bring it back. The best known of these are buyer agents (also known as
shopping agents), agents on a Web site that help you, the customer, find
products and services you need.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
50. If your Internet business helped customers find the right product for their needs
and then suggested other products based on the information you've gathered
on this customer and similar customers, what intelligent agent would you be
using?
B. User agent
C. Predictive agent
D. Shopping agent
Buyer or shopping agents are intelligence agents on a Web site that help you,
the customer, find products and services you need.

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Apply
technologies.
51. What type of intelligence agent constantly observes and reports on some entity
of interest, a network, or manufacturing equipment?
A. Shopping agent
B. Data-mining agent
C. Monitoring-and-surveillance agent
D. Personal agent
Monitoring-and-surveillance agents are intelligent agents that constantly

observe and report on some entity of interest, a network, or manufacturing
equipment.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
52. When the aircraft manufacturer, Porco Rosso uses intelligent agents to observe
inventory levels and help identify and solve potential problems, Porco Rosso is
using a(n) _____ agent.
A. user
B. data-mining
C. monitoring-and-surveillance
D. reporting

equipment.

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Apply
technologies.
53. _____ agents are intelligent agents that take action on your behalf.
A. Data-mining
B. User
C. Monitoring-and-surveillance
D. Buyer
User agents (personal agents) are intelligent agents that take action on your
behalf, such as sorting your e-mail by priority, dumping unsolicited e-mail into
your spam folder, and playing computer games as your opponent.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
54. What type of intelligent agent operates in a data warehouse discovering
information?
B. Information agent
C. Personal agent
D. Monitoring-and-surveillance agent
A data-mining agent operates in a data warehouse discovering information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
55. _____ is the concept of learning from ecosystems and adapting their
characteristics to human and organizational situations.
A. Evolution
B. Ecology
C. Biomimicry
D. Sociology
The concept of learning from ecosystems and adapting their characteristics to

human and organizational situations is called biomimicry.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
devising solutions to problems as they arise, eventually leading to coherent
global patterns.
A. Group intelligence
B. Swarm intelligence
C. Social intelligence
D. Crowd behavior
Swarm (collective) intelligence is the collective behavior of groups of simple

agents that are capable of devising solutions to problems as they arise,
eventually leading to coherent global patterns.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
True / False Questions

57. The intelligence phase is the diagnostic phase of decision making.
TRUE
In the intelligence, you must find or recognize a problem, need, or opportunity

(also called the diagnostic phase of decision making). The intelligence phase
involves detecting and interpreting signs that indicate a situation which needs
your attention.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
58. The design phase of decision making is the stage at which a course of action is
prescribed.
FALSE
The choice phase is the prescriptive phase of decision making as it's the stage at
which a course of action is prescribed.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
59. In the implementation phase of decision making, analytics takes on the role of
TRUE
In the implementation phase of decision making, analytics takes on the role of

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
60. The four phases of decision making are linear and once one phase is complete it
does not return.
FALSE
The four-phase process is not necessarily linear: You'll often find it useful or
necessary to cycle back to an earlier phase.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
61. A company with "maximum growth" as its goal is using a satisficing strategy
while a company with "high growth" as its goal is using an optimizing strategy.
FALSE
There's a fundamental difference between setting a goal of "high growth" and

one of "maximum growth." A company with "maximum growth" as its goal is
using an optimizing strategy while a company with "high growth" as its goal is
using a satisficing strategy.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
62. Most decisions fall somewhere between structured and unstructured.
TRUE
In reality, most decisions fall somewhere between structured and unstructured.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
63. Unstructured elements of a decision for choosing a job include consideration of
such things as salary and signing bonus.
FALSE
Structured elements of choosing a job include consideration of such things as

salary and signing bonus. Unstructured elements of such a decision include
things like the potential for advancement.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
64. A recurring decision is one that happens repeatedly, and often periodically,
TRUE

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
65. A decision support system (DSS) is a highly flexible and interactive IT system that
is designed to support decision making when the problem is not structured.
TRUE
A decision support system (DSS) is a highly flexible and interactive IT system that
is designed to support decision making when the situation includes
nonstructured elements.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
66. The user interface management component of a DSS allows you to

TRUE

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
67. You can incorporate your own insights and experience into your DSS.
TRUE
You can incorporate your own insights and experience— your personal
information—into your DSS.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
68. A geographic information system (GIS) is an expert system designed specifically

to analyze spatial information.
FALSE

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
69. Query-and-reporting tools are the heart of every organization and any analytics
initiative.
FALSE
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
70. MDA tools are slice-and-dice techniques that allow you to view
multidimensional information from different perspectives.
TRUE
Multidimensional analysis (MDA) tools are slice-and-dice techniques that allow

you to view multidimensional information from different perspectives.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
71. Predictive analytics and text analytics have broad application to all industries.
TRUE
Specialized analytics like predictive analytics and text analytics have broad
application to all industries and a variety of business domains.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
72. Clustering is the most basic, yet the most powerful, form of data mining.
FALSE
Summarization is the most basic, yet the most powerful, form of data mining.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
73. Regression is solely executed using regression analysis.
FALSE
Although regression is a statistical term, it is not solely executed using

regression analysis. The goal here is to find corollary and often causal
relationships between sets of data.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
74. If you build a predictive analytics model for a prediction goal that is in some way
wrong, your subsequent activities will be erroneous as well.
TRUE
Defining the right prediction goal is key. If you build a predictive analytics model
for a prediction goal that is in some way wrong, you can expect your
subsequent activities to be erroneous (i.e., a failure) as well.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
75. Text analytics works primarily with nonstructured elements.
TRUE
Text analytics most definitely falls within the categories of analytics in general
and more specifically decision support systems because it works primarily with
nonstructured elements, that is, natural language.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
76. While text analytics relies mainly on statistical models, predictive analytics makes
use of statistical models and also linguistic models to build predictive models.
FALSE
Text analytics is even more complicated and technical than predictive analytics.
While predictive analytics relies mainly on statistical models to build predictive
models, text analytics makes use of statistical models and also linguistic models.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
77. Disambiguation is the process of determining differing noun phrases that refer
to the same object.
FALSE
Disambiguation is the process of determining the specific meaning of a named

entity recognition. Coreference is the handling of differing noun phrases that
refer to the same object.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
78. SEO improves the visibility of a Web site through the use of tags and key terms
TRUE
An important subset of Web analytics is search engine optimization (SEO),

improving the visibility of a Web site through the use of tags and key terms
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
79. Mobile analytics is the analysis of data related to the use of mobile devices by
TRUE
Mobile analytics is the analysis of data related to the use of mobile devices by
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
80. AI systems can be independent, stand-alone decision-making systems, or they

can be embedded into a larger analytics system, carrying out and executing
specific functions.
TRUE
AI systems can be independent, stand-alone decision-making systems, or they

can be embedded into a larger analytics system, carrying out and executing
specific functions.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
81. Diagnostic problems correspond to the choice phase of decision making.
FALSE
Diagnostic problems are those requiring an answer to the question, "What's

wrong?" and correspond to the intelligence phase of decision making.
Prescriptive problems are those that require an answer to the question, "What
to do?" and correspond to the choice phase of decision making.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
82. A neural network simulates the human ability to classify things without taking
TRUE
A neural network simulates the human ability to classify things without taking
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
83. The basic approach of fuzzy logic is to assign values between 1 and 2 to vague
or ambiguous information.
FALSE
The basic approach is to assign values between 0 and 1 to vague or ambiguous

information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
84. The lower the value assigned through fuzzy logic, the closer it is to 1.
FALSE
The higher the value, the closer it is to 1.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
85. A genetic algorithm finds the combination of inputs that gives the best outputs.
TRUE

solutions to a problem. In other words, a genetic algorithm is an optimizing
system: It finds the combination of inputs that gives the best outputs.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
86. A multi-agent system is a software agent that works on multiple distinct

computer systems.
FALSE
Distributed agent is a software agent that works on multiple distinct computer

systems. Multi-agent system is a group of intelligent agents that have the ability
to work independently but must also work with each other in order to achieve
their assigned task.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
87. A data-mining agent can detect the presence of new information and alert you.
TRUE
A data-mining agent may detect a major shift in a trend or a key indicator. It can
also detect the presence of new information and alert you.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
88. Swarm intelligence gives us a way to examine collective systems where groups
of individuals have certain goals, solve problems, and make decisions without
centralized control or a common plan.
TRUE

eventually leading to coherent global patterns. It gives us a way to examine
collective systems where groups of individuals have certain goals, solve
problems, and make decisions without centralized control or a common plan.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
technologies.
89. Swarm intelligence can be implemented for scheduling, resource allocation, and
routing.
TRUE
Swarm intelligence is being implemented widely for scheduling, resource

allocation, and routing.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Understand
technologies.
Fill in the Blank Questions

90. The _____ phase of decision making involves detecting and interpreting signs
that indicate a situation which needs one's attention.
intelligence
The intelligence phase involves detecting and interpreting signs that indicate a
situation which needs one's attention.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
91. The _____ phase of decision making involves considering possible ways of
solving a problem.
design
The design phase involves considering possible ways of solving a problem, filling
the need, or taking advantage of the opportunity.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
92. The _____ phase of decision making involves examining and weighing the merits
of each solution.
choice
The choice phase involves examining and weighing the merits of each solution,
estimating the consequences of each, and choosing the best one.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
93. The _____ phase of decision making carries out the chosen solutions, monitors
the results, and makes adjustments as necessary.
implementation
The implementation phase of decision making carries out the chosen solutions,
monitors the results, and makes adjustments as necessary.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
94. _____ is making a choice that meets your needs and is satisfactory without
Satisficing
Satisficing is making a choice that meets your needs and is satisfactory without
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
95. A(n) _____ decision involves processing a certain kind of information in a

structured
A structured decision involves processing a certain kind of information in a

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
96. A(n) _____ decision is one for which there may be several "right" answers and
there is no precise way to get a right answer.
nonstructured
A nonstructured decision is one for which there may be several "right" answers,
and there is no precise way to get a right answer.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
97. A(n) _____ decision is one that happens repeatedly, and often periodically,
recurring

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
98. A(n) _____ decision is one that you make infrequently (perhaps only once) and
you may even have different criteria for determining the best solution each
time.
nonrecurring
A nonrecurring, or ad hoc, decision is one that you make infrequently (perhaps

only once), and you may even have different criteria for determining the best
solution each time.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
99. A(n) _____ is a highly flexible and interactive IT system that is designed to
support decision making when the problem is not structured.
decision support system (DSS)
A decision support system (DSS) is a highly flexible and interactive IT system that
is designed to support decision making when the situation includes
nonstructured elements.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
100. The _____ is the part of the system you see; through it you enter information,
commands, and models.
user interface

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
101. The _____ component performs the function of storing and maintaining
information that you want your DSS to use.
data management
The data management component of a DSS performs the functions of storing

and maintaining information and also that of giving you access to information
you want your DSS to use.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
102. A(n) _____ is a decision support system designed specifically to analyze spatial
information.
geographic information system (GIS)

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
Spatial
Spatial information is any information that can be shown in map form.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
104. _____ help gather, store, and organize a wealth of information from which
business intelligence can be derived.
Databases and DBMSs
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
105. _____ help you apply various mathematical models to information to discover
new information.
Statistical tools
Statistical tools help you apply various mathematical models to information to

discover new information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
106. _____ is the most basic, yet often the most powerful, form of data mining.
Summarization
Summarization is the most basic, yet often the most powerful, form of data
mining.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
107. A(n) _____ is a specific measurable value based on an attribute of the entity
under consideration.
prediction indicator
A prediction indicator is a specific measurable value based on an attribute of the

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
108. _____ is a process of using statistical, artificial intelligence, and linguistic
techniques to convert information content in surveys, e-mails, blogs, and social
media into structured information.
Text analytics
Text analytics is a process of using statistical, artificial intelligence, and linguistic

techniques to convert information content in textual sources—like surveys, e-
mails, blogs, and social media—into structured information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
Lexical analysis
Lexical analysis is the study of word frequency distributions.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
110. _____ refers to discerning subjective business intelligence such as mood, opinion,
and emotion.
Sentiment analysis
Sentiment analysis is discerning subjective business intelligence such as mood,

opinion, and emotion.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
111. _____ is the science of making machines imitate human thinking and behavior.
Artificial intelligence (AI)
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the science of making machines imitate human

thinking and behavior.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
112. A(n) _____ is an artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning capabilities to
reach a conclusion.
expert system

AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
113. A(n) _____ is an artificial intelligence system that is capable of finding and
differentiating patterns.
neural network
A neural network (often called an artificial neural network or ANN) is an artificial

intelligence system that is capable of finding and differentiating patterns.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
Fuzzy logic
Fuzzy logic is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective

information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
115. A(n) _____ is an artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary,
survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a
problem.
genetic algorithm

solutions to a problem.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
116. A(n) ____, is a small piece of software that acts on your behalf (on behalf of
software agent
An agent-based technology, or a software agent, is a small piece of software

that acts on your behalf (on behalf of another piece of software) performing
tasks assigned to it.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
117. A(n) _____ is a software agent that can adapt and alter the manner in which it
attempts to achieve its assigned task.
autonomous agent
An autonomous agent can adapt and alter the manner in which it attempts to
achieve its assigned task.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
118. A(n) _____ is a software agent that works on multiple distinct computer systems.
distributed agent
A distributed agent is a software agent that works on multiple distinct computer

systems.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
119. A(n) _____ is a software agent that incorporates artificial intelligence capabilities
such as learning and reasoning.
intelligent agent
An intelligent agent is a software agent that incorporates artificial intelligence

capabilities such as learning and reasoning.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
120. A(n) _____ is a group of intelligent agents that have the ability to work
independently but must also work with each other in order to achieve their
assigned task.
multi-agent system
A multi-agent system is a group of intelligent agents that have the ability to

work independently but must also work with each other in order to achieve their
assigned task.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
121. _____ are intelligent agents that constantly observe and report on some entity of
interest, a network, or manufacturing equipment.
Monitoring-and-surveillance agents

equipment.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
122. A(n) _____ agent operates in a data warehouse discovering information.
data-mining
A data-mining agent operates in a data warehouse discovering information.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
123. _____ is the concept of learning from ecosystems and adapting their
characteristics to human and organizational situations.
Biomimicry
The concept of learning from ecosystems and adapting their characteristics to

human and organizational situations is called biomimicry.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.
devising solutions to problems as they arise, eventually leading to coherent
global patterns.
Swarm (collective) intelligence

eventually leading to coherent global patterns.
AACSB: Technology
Blooms: Remember
technologies.

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Chapter 04

Analytics, Decision Support, and Artificial Intelligence: Brainpower for Your

Multiple Choice Questions

10. In reality, most decisions fall between:

A. recurring and unstructured decisions.

B. recurring and nonrecurring decisions.

C. structured and unstructured decisions.

D. structured and nonrecurring decisions.

B. user interface management

A. user interface management

A. The company's CRM and SCM

B. The company's databases and data warehouses

C. Employee's insights and experience

D. Dow Jones industrial average

C. Geographic information system

D. Multidimensional information system

A. Enterprise resource planning

B. Enterprise information systems

C. Global information systems

D. Social locationing systems

B. Databases and DBMSs

A. Geographic information systems

27. Which of the following intelligence-related tasks attempts to evaluate historical,

28. The goal of regression is:

A. to discover clusters with various similarities.

B. compile more data and information to ease decision making.

C. to evaluate historical, known data to derive structures and inferences.

D. to find corollary and causal relationships between sets of data.

C. Multidimensional analysis tools

B. Geographic information systems

C. Geographic information systems

D. Decision support systems

D. Knowledge management system

C. Geographic information system

40. _____ is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.

A. Decision support system

D. Knowledge management system

B. Fuzzy logic algorithms

A. Artificial intelligence synthesis system

A. An expert system uses a genetic algorithm to assist in understanding the

B. An expert system provides more accurate solutions that a genetic algorithm.

D. Expert systems belong in the category of artificial intelligence; genetic

47. A(n) ______ works on multiple distinct computer systems.

49. What are the best known information agents?

57. The intelligence phase is the diagnostic phase of decision making.

62. Most decisions fall somewhere between structured and unstructured.

63. Unstructured elements of a decision for choosing a job include consideration of

68. A geographic information system (GIS) is an expert system designed specifically to

73. Regression is solely executed using regression analysis.

75. Text analytics works primarily with nonstructured elements.

80. AI systems can be independent, stand-alone decision-making systems, or they can

81. Diagnostic problems correspond to the choice phase of decision making.

Fill in the Blank Questions

101.The _____ component performs the function of storing and maintaining

102.A(n) _____ is a decision support system designed specifically to analyze spatial

109._____ is the study of word frequency distributions.

110._____ refers to discerning subjective business intelligence such as mood, opinion,

112.A(n) _____ is an artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning capabilities to

114._____ is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.

122.A(n) _____ agent operates in a data warehouse discovering information.

Multiple Choice Questions

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

A structured decision involves processing a certain kind of information in a