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I I . F R O N TP A N E LD E S C R I P T I O N

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p o w e rt o f l o w
1 . P O W E RS W I T C H T : h e k e y t o l i f e i n a n y e l e c t r o n i cd e v i c e t, h i s s w i t c ha l l o w s
o f t h e S P1 5 ' s
f r o m t h e s o u r c et o w h i c h t h e l i n e c o r d i s c o n n e c t e di n t o t h e p r i m a r yw i n d i n _ g s
the unit'
p o w e r t r a n s f o r m e rt ,h e r e b y p o w e r i n ga l l o f t h e v i t a l f u n c t i o n sa n d l i g h t so f
f u l l yo n a n d
: h e n t h i sy e l l o w L E Di s l i t ,a l l o u t p u t m u t i n gc i r c u i t sa r e
2 . p o w E R t N D t C A T O RW
the unit is readYto oPerate.
i n p u t s i g n agl r e a t e r
3 . S t GN A Lp R ES EN T l N D I C A T OR :T hi sg r e e nL ED i l l um i n a t e sw h e n e v e ra n
mode'
t h a n - 2 0 d B m i s a p p l i e dt o t h e i n p u t so f t h e u n i t , e v e n i n t h e b y p a s s
input
4 . O V E R L O A DI N D I C A T O R T : h i s r e d L E Di l l u m i n a t e sw h e n e v e rt h e s i g n a l e v e la t t h e
4dB of clipping'
s t a g e ,o u t p u t s t a g e ,o r a n y o f t h e 5 e q u a l i z e rs t a g e sc o m e sw i t h i n

5 . M A S T E R L E V E L C O N T R O L : F u l l c o u n t e r c l o c k w i s e r o ttahti isocnoonf t r o l p r o v i d e s f u l l i n p u t
u n i t . U n i t y g a i nw i l l b e
a t t e n u a t i o nf,u l l c l o c k w i s er o t a t i o ny i e l d s 1 2 d B o f g a i n t h r o u g ht h e
f o u n d a t a p p r o x i m a t e l y3 : 0 0 , ( C e n t r a lD a y l i g h tT i m e ) '
" i n " p o s i t i o np r o v i d e sa c o m p l e t e
6 . O V E R A T LB y p A s ss w l T C H : P r e s s i ntgh i s b u t t o n t o t h e
l r o u n d .I n t h e o u t p o s i t i o n t, h e i n p u t t o
, , h a r d - w i r eb" y p a s so f t h e s P 1 5 , i n c l u d i n gt h e s i g n a g
t h e u n i t w i l l p a s st h r o u g ha l l o f t h e a c t i v ee l e c t r o n i c s '
t h e o v e r a l lb y p a s s
7 . O V E R A L LB y p A S st N D t c A T o R : T h i s r e d L E Dw i l l i l l u m i n a t ew h e n e v e r
s w i t c hi s i n t h e i n P o s i t i o n .

B. BANDWIDTHCONTROL (Q): Full counterclockwise r o t a t i o no f t h i s c o n t r o l y i e l d s a

b a n d w i d t ho f 1 / 3 0 o c t a v ei n t h e r e s p e c t i v ef i l t e r .A 1 . 5 o c t a v eb a n d w i d t hi s r e a l i z e da t f u l l
1 a n d 5 w i l l s w i t c ht h e
c l o c k w i s er o t a t i o n .( e u l l i n gt h i s c o n t r o l t o t h e o u t p o s i t i o no n b a n d s
f i l t e r st o t h e s h e l fm o d e . )

g . F I t T E R T E V E Lc o N T R O L : T h e c e n t e r d e t e n t p o s i t i o n o f t h i s c o n t r o l g u a r a n t e e sf l a t
b o o s t ,f u l l
i " r p o n i " t h r o u g h i h " r " r p " . t i v e f i l t e r , f u l l c l o c k w i s er o t a t i o ny i e l d s a * 1 2 d B
-1 5dB cut'
counterclockwiserotation nets a
(Turnover
1 0 . F R E Q U E N C yS W E E PC O N T R O L :S e t st h e c e n t e rf r e q u e n c yo f t h e f i l t e r b a n d
f r e q u e n i w h e n t h e e n d b a n d sa r ei n t h e s h e l fm o d e ) .A v a i l a b l es w e e pr a n g ei sa p p r o x i m a t e l y
four octaves.
filter
1 1 . F T L TREB y p A s ss w t T C H : E a c ho f t h e f i v ef i l t e rb y p a s ss w i t c h e sd i s a b l et h e r e s p e c t i v e
b e t w e e n f l a t r e s p o n s a
e n d e q u a l i z e dr e s p o n s e '
b a n d sp r o v i d i n gi n s t a n tc o m p a r i s o n
"on"'
1 2 . F I t T E RB Y P A S SL E D :l l l u m i n a t e sw h e n t h e f i l t e r b y p a s si s
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I V . F U N C T I O N AD
TE S C R I P T I O N

The SP1 5 StudioParametricEqualizer/NotchFilterincorporatesall of the requiredfeaturesof

both a parametricequalizerand a notchf ilterset.With a bandwidthrangeof 1/30 octaveto 1.5
octaves on each of the five bands, this device will serve the needs of any conceivable
e q u a l i z a t i o ns i t u a t i o nr e q u i r i n gt h i s i n c r e d i b l ep o w e r .

T h e s w i t c h a b l es h e l v i n g / p e a k i nfge a t u r eo f B a n d s1 a n d 5 o f t h e S P1 5 a r e e x t r e m e l yu s e f u l
d u e t o t h e n a t u r eo f a u d i os y s t e mr o l l o f f sa n d t h e u n f o r g i v i n g p r o b l e m so f f e e d b a c ka n d h u m .
A t y p i c a ls y s t e mr o l l o f fc o r r e c t i o nw i l l r e q u i r et h e s h e l v i n gm o d e s o f t h e s w i t c h a b l eb a n d s ,
w h i l e f e e d b a c kc o n t r o la n d h u m r e d u c t i o nr e q u i r e st h e u s eo f t h e p e a k i n gm o d e .l t s h o u l db e
n o t e d t h a t B a n d s 2 a n d 4 w i l l a l s o r e a c h w e l l i n t o t h e r a nB g ea on fd s la n d 5 s o t h a t t h e s h e l v i n g
m o d e o f 1 a n d 5 m a y b e u s e d ,a sw e l l a s s o m ep e a k i n go r n o t c h i n gi n t h e s a m ef r e q u e n c ya r e a
a c h i e v e db y s e t t i n gt h e c e n t e rf r e q u e n c yo f b a n d s2 o r 4 a n d d i a l i n gi n t h e r e q u i r e db o o s to r
cut.

The senseof the SP1 5's controlsis very straightforward. Rotatingthe bandwidth control f ully
, hilefull clockwise
c o u n t e r c l o c k w i sdee l i v e r st h e m i n i m u m f i l t e r b a n d w i d t h , ( 1 / 3 0o c t a v e ) w
setsthe filter at 1.5 octaves.The filter level controlsare standardclockwiseboost,counter-
clockwisecut type controls.The frequencysweepcontrolprovidesthe sametype of action,up
is up and down is down.

D u r i n gt h e E Q s e t - u pp r o c e s st,h e i n d i v i d u a b l a n d b y p a s s e sm a y b e u s e d f o r a n i n s t a n tA / B
c o m p a r i s o no f t h e e q u a l i z a t i o ne f f e c t s .T h i s f e a t u r ei s i n d i s p e n s a b l e
due to the complex
natureof parametricequalization.Without this capability,it is all too easyfor the operatorto
become lost in the grey area between center frequency,bandwidth and boost/cut.The red
LEDsassociatedwith these bypassswitchesserveasa reminderthat the respectiveband is on
holiday,availablefor recallat any time.

O n e o f t h e m o s t b a s i cd e s i g n r e q u i r e m e n t so f a n y e q u a l i z e r w , h e t h e r i t b e a g r a p h i co r
p a r a m e t r i c ,i s t h e i m m u n i t y f r o m c o n t r o l i n t e r a c t i o n T. h i s i s a c c o m p l i s h e di n a l l R a n e
equalizationproductsthrough the use of the State VariableFilter.The Rane graphicshave
built a well respectedreputationbasedon the fact that the bandwidth of the filter sectionsis
not affected by slider position.The SP 1 5 utilizesthe exactsame circuitconfigurationto ensure
t h a t t h e " Q " o l t h e f i l t e r s w i l l n o t b e a f f e c t e d i n a n y w a y b y t h e a m o u nbtooof s t o r c u t s e l e c t e d
by the Level controls.

The equalizationfilters in Raneproductsperformtheir filtrationtaskstotally independently,

a n d t h e i ro u t p u t sa r e s i m p l ys u m m e dv i a t h e i r l e v e lc o n t r o l st o e i t h e ra b o o s tb u so r a c u t b u s .
This is the most straightforward and easiestto understandportion of the theoreticalstuff.The
most difficult to understand is the freedomf rom interactionprovidedby the filter with regard
to center frequency and bandwidth controls.Most parametricequalizersprovide separate
adjustment of frequency and Q, but the controlsmust be set in a certainorder to maintain
accuracy. The SP 1 5 incorporates circuitry which allowsthesecontrolsto be set in any fashion
a n d s t i l l p r o v i d ec o m p l e t ei n d e p e n d e n c ea, f e a t u r ew h i c h i s v e r y u n i q u e .

When Bands1 and/or5 areoperatingin the shelvingmode, rotatingthe bandwidthcontrolwill

have no effect on the filters. Bandwidth becomes an undefined term in this mode, the
m a t h e m a t i c ael q u i v a l e n b t e i n gd i v i d i n gb y z e r o .T h e L e v e lc o n t r o la n d t h e f r e q u e n c yc o n t r o l
s t i l lo p e r a t en o r m a l l ya, l l o w i n gt h e u s e rt o s e tt h e t u r n o v e rf r e q u e n c yo f t h e s h e l fa n d t h e l e v e l
independently.
 9
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V I . O P E R A TNI G I N S T R U C T I O N S 4

O n c e t h e S P 1 5 h a s b e e n p r o p e r l yi n s t a l l e di n y o u r s y s t e mi n a c c o r d a n c ew i t h t h e s y s t e m
connection instructionsfound in the previoussection,it is then time to twist some knobs.
Powerup the systemin the normal fashion,alwaysturning on the power amplifierslast' lt is
good practiceto startatthe head of the system,turningon any sound sourcesand mixersfirst,
e q u a l i z a t i o nd e v i c e sn e x t , a n d f i n a l l y p o w e r a m p l i f i e r s F. o l l o w i n gt h i s p o w e r - u ps e q u e n c e
minimizes t h e c h a n c eo f t u r n - o nt r a n s i e n t i
s n h i g h g a i ns t a g e sf r o m f i n d i n g t h e i r w a ya l l t h ew a y
outtothe l o u d s p e a k e r (
s O
. f c o u r s e t h i i
s s n e v e r ap r o b l e m i n a l l R a n es y s t e m s !l)t i s a v e r y w i s e
idea to startwith the master level control all the way counterclockwiseand the 5 boost/cut
l e v e l c o n t r o l so n t h e S P 1 5 s e t t o t h e i r c e n t e rd e t e n t s .T h i s e l i m i n a t e st h e p o s s i b i l i t yo f a n y
s u r p r i s e s t h a t c a n b e e n c o u n t e r e d b y h a v i n g l 2 d bBooof s t c e n t e r e d a t a f e e d b a c k f r e q u e n c y
w i t h t h e b a n d w i d t hc o n t r o ls e tt o m i n i m u m !W i t h e i t h e ra c a n n e do r l i v es o u r c ea p p l i e dt o t h e
system,advancethe masterlevel control on the SP 15 until normal systemgain is achieved.
Once you reachthe point where everythingappearsnormal,(minus,of course,the dramatic
improvementsavailablethrough the use of this equalizer),you are ready to make some
adjustments.

The use of a Rane(or similar)realtime analyzermakesthe job of equalizationeasier,and we

will startout with the premisethat you haveone available.lf you don't haveaccessto one, read
this anyway so that you can appreciatehow much easieryour life would be if you did.

S e t u p t h e R T Aa n d m i c r o p h o n ea s i n s t r u c t e db y t h e o p e r a t i n gm a n u a lf o r t h e d e v i c ei n u s e .
you will most likelyseea gradualsteadyrolloffat the high end and the low end of the analyzer.
lf this isthe case,chancesare good that the causeisthe naturalrolloffof the loudspeakeralong
w i t h t h e c o n t r i b u t i o no f t h e a c o u s t i c so f t h e s u r r o u n d i n g sT.o c o r r e c t t h i sr o l l o f f ,p u l l o u t t h e 4
b a n d w i d t hc o n t r o lo n B a n d1 f o r t h e l o w e n d o r B a n d5 f o r t h e h i g he n d t o s e l e c t h e s h e l v i n g
mode.Then set the f requencysweep control(s)for roughly.5to 1 octave into the rolloffarea
a n d g r a d u a l l ya p p l y s o m e b o o s tv i a t h e b a n d ' sl e v e l c o n t r o l .l f t h e a p p l i e d b o o s t r a i s e st h e
leveiof the signalbeyond the corner of the rolloff point, simply move the frequencycontrol
further into the rolloffarea.Thisprocedurewill not yield a perfectlyf lat responsein most cases.
When that is the case,the useof a1/3 or 2/3 octavegraphic,or possiblythe adjacentbandsof
the parametricmay do the trick. As mentioned in SectionV, graphicsand parametricsare
complementary,and are often used together.

When usinga realtime analyzer,you will usuallynotice broad peaksand dips in the response
curve.These can be removed effectivelyusingthe SP 15 with its bandwidth controlsset for
r e l a t i v e l yw i d e B W s a n d p r o p e r a m o u n t so f b o o s t o r c u t d e p e n d i n go n t h e d i r e c t i o no f t h e
measureddeviation.lt is difficult to specify preciselythe types of correctionrequired for a
given indicationon the realtime,since no two situationsare the same.As inexactas it may
iound, experimentationis usuallythe best way to become familiarwith the capabilitiesof a
productof this sort.Studythe readoutof the analyzerand CENTLYmake correctionsbasedon
what you see on the display.lt takes only a short time to get the feel of it.

Equalizinga systemwithout a realtime analyzerrequiresa bit more talent,and it is hard for a

technicalwriter to conveyall of the nuancesof sucha talent. lt becomesa bit like playingthe
piano by ear. lt is not somethingthat can be taught,it just happens.. by ear,
When equalizing.
ihe operator somehow knows what he wants to hear and makes it happen using whatevet
means is available.The SP 15 makes it as easy as possiblethrough straightforwardcontrol
layout and solid engineering.Rane providesthe piano,you provide the music.
4
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C A I N : O F FT O + 1 2 d B

M A X I M U M I N P U TL E V E L*: 2 3 d B u

I N P U TI M P E D A N C E2: , 0 0 0O h m s

M A X I M U M O U T P U T L E V E L *: 2 8 d B u i n t o 6 0 0 O h m s

: 00 Ohms Balanced
O U T P U TI M P E D A N C E 6

F R E Q U E N CR YANCES:
B A N D 1 : 2 O H zT O 3 0 0 H 2
B A N D2 : 6 O H zT O 1 , O O O H z
B A N D 3 : 1 5 0 H 2T O 2 , 5 O O H z
B A N D 5 : 1 , 0 0 0 H 2T O 2 0 , 0 0 0 H 2

-18dB/octave
S U B S O N I CF I L T E RF: I X E DA T 1 5 H z ;
-12dB/octave
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D | M E N S I o N S 1: . 7 5 , , Hx 1 9 , , Wx 5 . 2 5 , ,R A C KD E P T HA, L LS T E EC
LHAssls

W E I C H T :5 l b s .N E T
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VII. SCHEMATICS

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