COAL OPERATING CONTRACT (COC) AREA 188

MEGA PHILIPPINES, INC.

SANDSTONE DESCRIPTION GUIDELINES

Use the following order of description:

1 . COLOR: This is the overall color of the cutting. May give a breakdown of odd grains
e.g. predominantly colorless, occasional green grains. Some grains (zircon or
glauconite) may affect the gamma ray log and may be important for correlation.

2 . OPTICS: Clear / transparent - allows passage of light regardless of color

Translucent - allows the diffuse passage of light
Opaque - does not allow the passage of light

May also give a breakdown, combined with color, e.g. predominantly clear colorless,
occasionally translucent yellow, rarely black opaque.

3. GRAIN SIZE: Use the grain size cards. Put card under microscope with grains on it. Will
be very fine, fine, medium, coarse, very coarse.

4. ROUNDNESS: Use the cards. Will be angular, sub angular, sub rounded, rounded, well
rounded.

5. SPHERICITY: Use the cards. Will be elongate, sub elongate, sub spherical, spherical.

6. SORTING: Very well sorted - nearly 100% of grains in 1 size class

Well sorted - 90% of grains in 1 or 2 size classes
Moderately sorted - 90% of grains in 3 or 4 size classes
Poorly sorted - 90% of grains in 5 or more size classes
May also use cards as guideline.

7. CEMENT: Loose - no cement

Weak/poorly - grains easily parted
Moderately well - pressure on probe required to part grains
Well cemented - much pressure required to part grains
Very well/strongly - cuttings fracture through sand grains

Also identify cement, e.g. calcite, dolomite, silica, pyrite etc.

8. VISIBLE POROSITY: Turn magnification up and look at grain contacts. This is related to
sorting and cement. A poorly sorted sand will have low porosity since small grains will fill
in the space between larger grains, whereas a well sorted sand will be more porous with
spaces not filled in. A well cemented sand is not going to have a good porosity and a
loose sand won’t be tight (no porosity). Choose from no visible porosity, poor vis por, fair
vis por and good vis por.

9. ACCESSORIES: e.g. Glauconite, pyrite, mica, chlorite, coal frags, carb specks etc.
Use qualifiers: abundant, common, good trace, trace, rare.