Forefront Journal of Engineering &Technology

Volume 2, Issue 1, Jan 2020, 19-32

©Scientific Forefront Journals

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF STYRENE BUTADIENE

RUBBERIN PLAIN CONCRETE
M.S Ashok Kumar
Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering & Technology, GKM College, Perungalathur, India

ABSTRACT

In this project we have discussed about experimental investigation of SBR in plain cement concrete, SBR agents
adding to concrete at the ratio of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% SBR is the water reduction agent to increase the
compressive strength of concrete by reducing the water cement ratio.

Preliminary tests are conducted for done the mix design. The Preliminary test done for cement coarse aggregate
and fine aggregate. Then done the mix design by IS 10262-2009

Slump cone test, done in fresh concrete. The water cement ratio for M20 is 0.49. Then prepared the cubes for
7days, 14days and 28days. The standard cube size is 150x150x150mm. There are 45nos of cubes are casted.

The compressive strength of cubes is done for 7.14 and 28days and compares the results to normal conventional
concrete. Use M20 grade of concrete and OPC 53 grade of cement.

KEYWORDS: Bond strength, Styrene Butadiene Rubberin, SBR mix concrete, Polymer Concrete, Coarse Aggregate.

INTRODUCTION

To find the compressive strength of the polymer concrete. The percentage of SBR adding in concrete as 0%, 5%,
10%, 15% and 20%.

Problem Identification

➢ Resistance to alkalis is very poor.

➢ Resistance to acid is very poor.
➢ Resistance to oil/petroleum is very poor.

Objective

➢ To obtain the compressive strength by adding SBR agent in normal concrete by 0% , 5% , 10% , 15% , 20%.
➢ To increase the durability of concrete.

General

Some popular polymers are listed below

➢ Urethanes
➢ Acrylics
➢ Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR)
➢ Vinyl
➢ Epoxies

In SBR polymer the Flexibility, Compressive strength, Abrasion resistance, Resistance to UV rays is more

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20 M.S Ashok Kumar

compare to other polymers.

Advantages

➢ High adhesion - provides excellent bond to concrete plaster, masonry, stone work etc.
➢ Improve durability – gives weather resistant mortar with improved impermeability to chlorides and other harmful
agents
➢ Reduces – provides waterproof screeds, plasters permeability and slurries.
➢ Increases – improved tensile and flexural properties strength allow thin applications.
➢ Cost effective – Nitobond SBR is economical to use
Raw Materials
Cement

Cement is the material that has cohesive and adhesive properties in the presence of water. Such cements are called
hydraulic cements. These consist primarily of silicates and aluminates of lime obtained from limestone and clay. There are
different types of cement, out of that I have used two types i.e.,

Ordinary Portland cement

Portland slag cement

Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is the basic Portland cement and is best suited for use in general concrete
construction. It is of three type 33grade, 43grade, and 53grade. One of the important benefits is the faster rate of
development of strength.

Portland slag cement is obtained b mixing Portland cement clinker, gypsum and granulated blast furnace slag in
suitable proportion and grinding the mixture to get a thorough and intimate mixture between the constituents. This type of
cement can be used for all purposes just like OPC. It has lower heat of evolution and is more durable and can be used in
mass concrete production.

Aggregate

Aggregate properties greatly influence the behavior of concrete, since they occupy abot 80% of the total volume
of concrete. The aggregate are classified as

Fine aggregate

Coarse aggregate

Fine aggregate are the material passing through as IS sieve that is less than 4.75mm gauge beyond which they are
known as coarse aggregate. Coarse aggregate form the main matrix of the concrete, where as fine aggregate form the filler
matrix between the coarse aggregate. The most important function of the fine aggregate is to provide workability and
uniformity in the mixture. The fine aggregate also helps the cement paste to hold the coarse aggregate particle in
suspension. According to IS 383:1970 the fine aggregate is being classified in to four different zone, that is zone-I, zone-II,
zone-III, and zone-IV.

Also in case of coarse aggregate maximum 20mm coarse aggregate is suitable for concrete work. But where
there is no restriction 38mm or large size may be permitted. In case os close reinforcement 10mm size also used.

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Experimental Investigation of Styrene Butadiene 21
Rubberin Plain Concrete

Experimental Investigation
Cement
Specific Gravity Test for Cement
Formula

Specific gravity of cement = (w2 – w1) / ((w2 – w1) – (w3 – w4) x 0.79)

Table: 1
S.No Observation Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
1 Weight of empty flask (w1)g 51 51 51
2 Weight of flask + cement (w2)g 68 68 68
Weight of flask + cement + kerosene
3 95 94 95
(w3)g
4 Weight of flask + kerosene (w4)g 80 81 80

Result

Specific gravity cement = 3.15 g / cc

Fine Aggregate
Specific Gravity of Fine Aggregate

FORMULAE: G = (W2 –W1) / ((W2 – W1) – (W3 - W4))

Table: 2
S.No Observation Trial-1 Trial-2 Trial-3
1 wt of pycnometer (w1)g 580 580 580
2 Wt of pycnometer + dry soil (w2)g 1250 1245 1250
3 Wt of pcnometer+soil+water(w3)g 1905 1905 1910
4 Wt of pycnometer+water(w4)g 1490 1495 1490

Figure 1: Specific Gravity of Fine Aggregate

Result

Specific gravity of fine aggregate G= 2.63.

WATER OBSORPTION FOR FINE AGGREGATE

Formula Used

Water obsorption = W1 – W2 / W2 X 100

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22 M.S Ashok Kumar

Table: 3
S.No Determination Trial-1 Trial-2 Trial-3
1 Wt of saturated surface dried sample(w1)g 980 990 980
2 Wt of oven dried sample (w2)g 490 490 490
3 Water obsorption (w1 – w2 / w2 x100) 100 102 100

Figure 2: Water obsorption for fine aggregate

Result

Water obsorption for fine aggregate = 1.0%.

SIEVE ANALYSIS FOR FINE AGGREGATE

Formula

Total weight of soil= 1kg

Finess modulus= cumulative % retained / 100

Table: 4
Weight Of Cumulative
Sieve Weight Weight Of Retained
Aggregate %Retained
Size(Mm) Of Sieve Sieve Of Aggregate %
Retained (N)
4.75 430 530 100 10 10
2.36 350 520 170 17 27
1.18 380 610 230 23 50
0.6 370 550 160 16 66
0.425 320 420 100 10 76
0.3 360 470 110 11 87
0.15 330 385 75 7.5 94.5
0.075 350 375 45 4.5 99
Pan 300 310 10 1 100
1000g 609.5

Figure 3: Seive Analysis for Fine Aggregate

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Experimental Investigation of Styrene Butadiene 23
Rubberin Plain Concrete

Result

Finess modulus = 6.095%

Gravel (4.5 – 80)mm = 10%

Sand (0.075 – 4.75)mm = 89%

Slit and clay (upto 0.075)mm = 1%

Coarse Aggregate
Specifc Gravity Test for Coarse Aggregate
Formulae

G = ((W2 – W1) / (W2 –W1) – (W3 – W4))

Table: 5
S.No Observation Trial-1 Trial-2 Trial-3
1 Wt of pycnometer(w1)g 610 610 610
2 Wt of pycnometer + coarse aggregate (w2)g 1010 1020 1010
3 Wt of pycnometer + coarse aggregate + water (w3)g 1770 1780 1770
4 Wt of pycnometer + water (w4)g 1520 1530 1530

Figure 4: Specific Gravity of Coarse Aggregate

Result

Specific gravity of coarse aggregate G = 2.63.

Water Obsorption Test for Coarse Aggregate

Formula

Water obsorption = ((W1 – W2) / W2) X100)

Table: 6
S.No Determination Trial-1 Trial-2 Trial-3
Wt of saturated surface
1 1510 1500 1490
dried sample(w1)g
2 Wt of oven dried sample(w2)g 1000 1000 1000
3 Water obsorption w1 –w2 / w2 x100 51 50 49

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24 M.S Ashok Kumar

Figure 5: Water obsorption for Coarse Aggregate

Result:

Water obsorption for coarse aggregate = 0.5%

IMPACT TEST ON COARSE AGGREGATE

Formula Used

Aggregate impact value = (W2/W1) X 100

Table: 7
S.No Details of Sample I Ii Iii Mean
1 Total weight of aggregate sample filling the cylinder measure (W 1)g 540 535 540 538.33
2 Weight of aggregate passing 2.36mm sieve after test (W2)g 100 100 100 100
3 Weight of the aggregate retained 2.36mm sieve after test (W3) 440 435 440 438.33
4 W1-(W2+W3)g 0 0 0 0
5 Aggregate impact value (w2/w1) 18.51% 18.69% 18.51% 18.57%

Figure 6: Impact Test

Result

The mean aggregate impact value = 18.57%

Sieve Analysis for Coars Aggregate

Formula Used

SAMPLES USED = 10kg of coars aggregate

FINESS MODULUS = Cumulative retained / 100

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Experimental Investigation of Styrene Butadiene 25
Rubberin Plain Concrete

Table: 8
Sieve Weight Of Sieve Weight Of Sieve Weight Of Retained Retained Cumulative
Size(Mm) (G) Aggregate(G) Aggregate(G) % Retained
80 730 730 0 0 0
38 890 890 0 0 0
22.4 760 2490 1730 17.3 17.3
16 7309 6070 5338 53.38 76.7
13.2 738 2370 1630 16.3 86
11.2 738 1310 570 5.7 92.7
4.75 760 1020 260 2.6 95.3
2.36 330 460 130 1.3 96.6
1.18 380 470 90 0.9 97.5
0.6 370 490 100 1 98.5
Pan 720 870 150 1.5 99
10000g 754.6

Workability Test of Concrete

100
Slump value in mm

80
60
40 SLUMP
20 VALUE
0
0 5 10 15 20 25
SBR IN %

Figure 7: Workability Test of Concrete

Figure 8: Slump Cone Test

Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR)

Form = White Liquid

Density = 1 kg/l at 25

Solid content = 45%

cholide content = 55%

Experimental Program

This investigation was carried out on concrete cubes (150mm X 150mm X 150mm) for finding compressive
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26 M.S Ashok Kumar

strength. Each specimen is cased as per IS procedure. After casting the test M-20 concrete specimen was demoulded and
specimens were kept for the period of 7days, 14days, and 28days in the curing tank until the time of test.

Selection of Raw Materials

Cement

Depending on the strength of cement at 28 days when tested as per IS3831-1988. If 28 days strength is not less
than 43 N/mm2, it is called 53 grade cement. In this paper M20 grade concrete is selected for the study, JAPEE 53 grade
(OPC) cement has been used for this research.

Fine Aggregate

Natural river sand with fraction passing through 4.75mm sieve and retained on 60 micron sieve is used and will be
tested as per IS 2386. The fineness modulus of sand is 6.095% with specific gravity around 2.64.

Coarse Aggregate

Coarse aggregate of maximum sizes 20mm, 16mm, 12.5mm and the compressive strength were obtained for
maximum size of coarse aggregate. From that it was concluded that compressive strength using 20mm aggregate gave the
best result and useful for our study. The physical properties will be tested as per IS 2386-1963.

Water
Portable water available in the laboratory with pH value of 7.0 and conforming to the requirement of IS 456-2000
is used for concrete and curing the specimen as well.

Material used for making concrete

Cement -OPC 53 grade

Sand - passing on 4.75mm and retaining on 150 microns

Gravel -passing on 22.4mm and retained on 16mm

Water - portable (drinking) water

SBR is added to concrete in 0%,5%,10%,15% and 20% to the water.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Compressive Test Result for Concrete Cube
Compressive strength of cement concrete for 7days (0% of SBR)

Table: 9
Ultimate
Area (150x150)
S.No % of Sbr Compressive Load Ultimate Compressive Strength(N/Mm2 )
Mm2
Kn N
1 0% 22500 265 265X103 11.78
2 0% 22500 260 260X103 11.82
3 0% 22500 265 265X103 11.78

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Experimental Investigation of Styrene Butadiene 27
Rubberin Plain Concrete

ultimate compressive strength

12

11.5 ultimate
compressive
strength

11
0%(1) 0%(2) 0%(3)

Figure 9: Compressive strength of cement

Concrete for 7days (0% of SBR)

Compressive strength of cement concrete for 7days (5% of SBR)

Table: 10
Area (150x150) Ultimate Compressive Load
S.No % of Sbr Ultimate Compressive Strength(N/Mm2 )
Mm2 Kn N
1 5% 22500 350 350X103 15.56
2 5% 22500 345 345X103 15.33
3 5% 22500 355 355X103 15.78

ultimate compressive strength

16

15.5 ultimate
compressive
strength
15
5%(1) 5%(2) 5%(3)

Figure 10: Compressive strength of cement

Concrete for 7days (5% of SBR)

Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete for 7days (10% of SBR)

Table: 11
Ultimate
Area (150x150)
S.No % of Sbr Compressive Load Ultimate Compressive Strength(N/Mm2 )
Mm2
Kn N
1 10 % 22500 450 450x103 20
2 10 % 22500 490 490x103 21.78
3 10 % 22500 470 470x103 20.89

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28 M.S Ashok Kumar

ultimate compressive strength

22

21

ultimat…
20
10 % (1) 10 % (2) 10 % (3)
Figure 11: Compressive strength of Cement
Concrete for 7days (10% of SBR)

Compressive strength of Cement Concrete for 7days (15% of SBR)

Table: 12
Ultimate
Area (150x150)
S.No % of Sbr Compressive Load Ultimate Compressive Strength(N/Mm2 )
Mm2
Kn N
1 15 % 22500 560 560x103 24.89
2 15 % 22500 570 570x103 25.33
3 15 % 22500 565 565x103 24.89

ultimate compressive strength

25.5

25 ultimate
compressiv
e strength
24.5
15%(1)15%(2)15%(3)

Figure 12: Compressive strength of Cement

Concrete for 7days (15% of SBR)

Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete for 7days (20% of SBR)

Table: 13
Ultimate
Area (150x150) Ultimate Compressive
S.No % of Sbr Compressive Load
Mm2 Strength(N/Mm2 )
Kn N
1 20% 22500 605 605X103 26.89
2 20% 22500 605 605X103 26.89
3 20% 22500 610 610X103 27.11

ultimate compressive strength

27.5

27 ultimate
compressive
strength
26.5
20%(1) 20%(2) 20%(3)

Figure 13: Compressive Strength of Cement

Concrete for 7days (20% of SBR)
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Experimental Investigation of Styrene Butadiene 29
Rubberin Plain Concrete

Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete for 7days

40

Compressive
30

Strength
20
10 compressive
strength
0
0 5 10 15 20
SBR IN %

Figure 14: Compressive strength of Cement

Concrete for 7days

Compressive Test Result for Concrete Cube

Compressive strength of cement concrete for 14days (0% of SBR)

Table: 14
Ultimate
Area (150x150)
S.No % of Sbr Compressive Load Ultimate Compressive Strength(N/Mm2 )
Mm2
Kn N
1 0% 22500 280 280X103 12.44
2 0% 22500 285 285X103 12.67
3 0% 22500 280 280X103 12.89

ultimate compressive strength

13

12.5 ultimate
compressive
strength
12
0%(1) 0%(2) 0%(3)

Figure 15: Compressive strength of Cement

Concrete for 14days (0% of SBR)

Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete for 14 days (5% of SBR)

Table: 15
Area (150x150) Ultimate Compressive Load
S.No % of Sbr Ultimate Compressive Strength(N/Mm2 )
Mm2 Kn N
1 5% 22500 370 370X103 16.44
2 5% 22500 370 370X103 16.44
3 5% 22500 375 375X103 16.67

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30 M.S Ashok Kumar

ultimate compressive strength

17

16.5 ultimate
compressive
strength
16
5%(1) 5%(2) 5%(3)

Figure 16: Compressive strength of Cement

Concrete for 14days (5% of SBR)

Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete for 14days (10% of SBR)

Table: 16
Ultimate
Area (150x150)
S.No % of Sbr Compressive Load Ultimate Compressive Strength(N/Mm2 )
Mm2
Kn N
1 10 % 22500 480 480X103 21.33
2 10 % 22500 485 485X103 21.56
3 10 % 22500 480480X103 21.33

22 ultimate compressive strength

21.5

ultimate…
21
10 % (1) 10 % (2) 10 % (3)

Figure 17: Compressive strength of Cement

Concrete for 14days (10% of SBR)

Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete for 14days (15% of SBR)

Table: 17
Ultimate
Area (150x150)
S.No % of Sbr Compressive Load Ultimate Compressive Strength(N/Mm2 )
Mm2
Kn N
1 15 % 22500 650 650X103 28.89
2 15 % 22500 650 650X103 28.89
3 15 % 22500 645645X103 28.67

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Experimental Investigation of Styrene Butadiene 31
Rubberin Plain Concrete

ultimate compressive strength

29

28.5 ultimate
compressive
strength
28
15%(1) 15%(2) 15%(3)

Figure 18: Compressive Strength of Cement

Concrete for 14days (15% of SBR)

Compressive strength of cement concrete for 14days (20% of SBR)

Table: 18
Ultimate
Area (150x150) Ultimate Compressive
S.No % of Sbr Compressive Load
Mm2 Strength(N/Mm2 )
Kn N
1 20% 22500 610 610X103 27.11
2 20% 22500 615 615X103 27.33
3 20% 22500 615 615X103 327.33

ultimate compressive strength

27.5

27 ultimate
compressive
strength
26.5
20%(1) 20%(2) 20%(3)

Figure 19: Compressive Strength of Cement

Concrete for 14days (20% of SBR)

Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete for 14days

40
Compressive

30
Strength

20
10 compressive
strength
0
0 5 10 15 20
SBR IN %

Figure 20: Compressive Strength of Cement Concrete for 14days

CONCLUSION

Based on the results and observations made in this experimental research study,the following conclusion are
drawn,

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32 M.S Ashok Kumar

➢ By the addition of SBR , there is an increase in the workability of concrete as the polymer content increased

➢ There is an improvement in the strength of concrete as the polymer content increased in the mix of various
percentage of SBR of concrete tested in this investigation.

➢ The maximum increase in compressive strength at 15% SBR content for concrete is 30.37N/mm 2

➢ It has been observed from the test results that the optimum content of SBR latex for cement concrete mix is 15%
by partial replacing of water

➢ Due to the increase in compressive strength by mixing SBR, the thickness requirement of pavement should be
comparatively less as compared to normal mix in same traffic conditions. Hence the construction by SBR mix
concrete can be more economical.

REFERENCE

1. “I.S:10262-198”.Recomended guidelines for concrete mix design, bureau of Indian standards , reaffirmed, new Delhi 1999
and IS:456-2000 Indian standard recommended guidelines for concrete mix design.

2. “I.S:8112-1989”.specifications for 53-grade porland cement bureau o Indian standards, and new delhi,india.

3. “I.S:516-1959”.method of test for strength of concrete .bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi 1959.

4. “I.S:2386 (Part 1,4 ,6 ) -1988”.indian standard method of test for aggregate for concrete , bureau of Indian standards
rea”ffirmed, new delhi,2000.

5. “I.S:1199-1959”.indian standards methods of sampling and analysis of concrete, bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi,
India.

6. Sakai E. and J.Sugita. “Composite mechanism of polymer modified cement “.cement and concrete.

7. Chandra S.and Ohama y.(1994). “Polymer in concrete”. CRC Press, Boca ration, Florida.

8. Ohama Y.(1998). “Polymer – based admixture. Cement and concrete composites” newyork: Elsevier science Ltd. 189-212.

9. V.Bhikshma, K.Jaganadha Rao and B.Balaji, “An Experimental study on Behavior of polymer cement concrete”. Asian
journals of civil engineering (Building and Housing).Vol 11, no, 5 (2010) pages, 563-573.

10. Chandra s and P.Flodin . “Interaction of polymer and organic admixtures on porland cement hydraction”.cement and
concrete.

11. Kardon , J.B.(1997). “Polymer-modified concrete : review”, journals of materials in civil engineering. page no;85-92.

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