English 1 (50 Items with Rationalization)
isn’t getting
1. The editor found the news story not so
entertaining. He found it full of:
A. Adjectives
B. Verbs
C. Pronouns
D. Adverbs
Rationalization: The answer is letter C “pronoun”
because it considered as a “function” word – meaning
it is dependent on the “content words present in the
sentence. In English content words are the following:
prepositions, conjunctions, articles and pronouns.
2. “On the street of this position of God’s world I feel
neighbor to a rat, so brother of a worm; Forever
chasing rainbows a t muddy margins. “ This line on
Quemada’s poem is saying that:
A. Life is fruitful
B. Life is not worth living
C. Life is empty and meaningless
D. Life is full of challenges
Rationalization: One can easily infer that the answer
is letter D primarily because one can visualize that
the persona is facing difficulties in life.
3. “The whale has no famous author and whaling no
famous chronicles.” Based on this line from the novel,
Moby dick is treated as:
A. Whaling is not truly structure.
B. Whales are ordinary creatures
C. Whales is a wild mammal that haunts mariners.
D. Whaling is an Old hobby.
Rationalization: The Phrases “ no famous author” and
“ no famous chronicles” would indicate that the
answer is letter B.
4. Venus is an exemplication of feminine pulchritude.
Pulchritude means:
A. Plain
B. Beauty
C. Ugliness
D. Homeliness
Rationalization: Using context clues, one can easily
infer that the answer is B “beauty” because “Venus” is
the roman goddess of beauty.
5. Samantha’s eyes are blurred and her hands ached.
She _______________ at the computer for 6 long hours.
Finally, she took a break.
A. was seated
B. has seated
C. would have seated
D. had been seated
Rationalization: B – The second sentence is in the
present perfect tense, and so the auxillary verb must
be “ has” plus the “ past participle” from of the verb.
6. After 7 depressing years, mitch finally quit the job.
She ____________________ along with her superior for a
long time before she finally decided to look for a new
position.
A. didn’t
B.
C. hasn’t been getting
D. hadn’t getting
Rationalization: The sentence with missing parts is in
the perfect progressive tense since that there are two
past actions where still happening when the second
transpired. Therefore, the auxiliary verb must be “
had” plus “been” and the -ing form of the verb. The
answer is letter D.
7. Five years of intensive language study are required
for second language learners. Chun – Li
_________________ English for three years, but she will
need more training to be more proficient.
A. has studied
B. will have been studying
C. has been studying
D. hadn’t been getting
Rationalization: The second sentence is in the
present perfect progressive tense because the action
started somewhere in the past, still happening at
present and will continue to happen in the future.
The auxiliary verb must be “has” plus “been” and the -
ing form of the verb. The answer is letter C.
8. The laborers are so happy that ________ now reaping
the fruit ____ efforts.
A. they’re – their
B. they’re – there
C. there – their
D. their – their
Rationalization: “They” is a personal pronoun, “Their”
is a possessive pronoun, while “They’re” is a
combination of “they” and “are”. The correct answer
is letter A.
9. This seatwork is difficult for Paul and _______.
A. Myself
B. I
C. Me
D. Himself
Rationalization: Tough choice would be between B
and C. the answer is C “me” because “I” must only be
used if you are the subject of the sentence of if you
are the doer of the action, while “me” is used is you
are the object of the sentence or if you are the
receiver of the action.
10. The candy care smells ______________.
A. Sweet
B. Sweetly
C. Sweeter
D. More sweet
Rationalization: “ smells “ is a verb of senses –
meaning it could be either function as an action or
linking verb. It is functioning as an action verb if the
subject is capable of movement and if there is direct
object. It functions as a linking verb if the subject is
not capable of movement. Since that “candy” cannot
move, the verb “smells” functions as a linking verb.
The sentence pattern therefore is S-LV-PA (Subject,
Linking Verb, Predicative Adjective) and so, the
answer is “ sweet”.
11. What is the biggest hindrance in learning a assessor. Multiple choice test, sentence structure, and
second language? dictation tests would have exact answers, while it is
A. grammar very difficult to assess oral examination – and so, the
B. structure of language answer is letter B.
C. imagery
D. cross-cultural issues 19. Manuel Arguilla is one of the most important
Rationalization: The answer is letter D because Filipino writers of all time. He wrote the Juan Tamad
second language learning entails learning about series and the short story “ How my brother Leon
culture of the language origin. brought Home a wife.” He is famous in injecting
themes with ________ in his story.
12. Which among these words has [z] end sound? A. Urbanity
A. Maps B. Cosmopolitanism
B. Jokes C. Local Color
C. Laughs D. Ranch life
D. Buys
Rationalization: C is the answer. Manuel Arguilla’s
13. Which among these words has the starting [th] fiction depicts rural life in the Philippines.
sound?
A. Thank 20. Who wrote the novel “ The jungle Book”
B. These A. Victor Hugo
C. Think B. Rudyard Kipling
D. Thing C. William March
D. K.L Mansfield
14. Which among these words has the voiced [th]
sound? Rationalization: Rudyard Kipling wrote “ The Jungle
A. Mouth Book”. His writings are mostly fables and set in the
B. Breath forest in India.
C. Teeth
D. Health 21. This Victor Hugo’s Masterpiece that talks about
the French revolution.
15. Which of the words below has the [zh] sound? A. Les Miserables
A. Ships B. Hunchback of Notre Dame
B. Shore C. Annakarenina
C. She D. Fathers and Sons
D. Leisure
Rationalization: Hugo did not write Annakarenina
16. Which among these words has the [id] end and Fathers and Sons. Hugo wrote Hunchbak of Notre
sound? Dame and les Miserables, the former is about
A. Praised Quasimodo and Esmeralda, while the latter is about
B. Mailed Jeanne Val Jeanne Cossette which is set during the
C. Judged French Revolution.
D. Needed
22. A comma indicates:
Rationalization: A sound is voiced if there are A. Pause
vibrations on the vocal cords, and Voiceless is there is B. Slight pause
none. 12. D, 13. B, 14.B, 15.D, 16. D C. Longer pause
D. No pause
17. Audiolingualism is a new language teaching
approach that mainly focuses on _________ Rationalization: There are three types of juncture, a
A. Syntax comma or “single slash” means slight pause; a period
B. Structure or “double slashes” means longer pause; end of the
C. Reading paragraph or “triple slashes” means longest pause.
D. Pronounciation The answer is B.
Rationalization: The answer is D “pronunciation”
because in Grammar Teaching Approaches, 23. Which word has the C pronounced as /k/?
Audiolingualism focuses on pronunciation. A. Century
B. Cold
18. Rubric as a measuring instrument that is best use C. City
in assessing _______________ D. Censure
A. Sentence structure
B. Oral recitation 24. Which word is accented on the first syllable?
C. Multiple choice test A. Fifteen
D. Dictation test B. Outspeak
Rationalization: Rubrics are often times used when C. Understand
objectivity might be questionable. Often times rubrics D. Heaven
are used to steer away from personal biases of the
25. Which word has the C pronounced as /s/? 31. In Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, Which tale talks
A. Censure about three friends who killed each other for the
B. Connote chest filled with treasures?
C. Comma A. Pardoner’s Tale
D. Collaborate B. Knight’s Tale
C. Merchant’s Tale
Ans: ( 23. B 24. D 25.A) D. The Nun Priest’s Tale

26. Loreto ParasSulit’s Short story that revolves Rationalization: The answer Is letter A. The
around the theme that beauty can be very dangerous Canterbury Tales is a collection of stories told by the
titled ___________ different pilgrims on their way to Canterbury.
A. The Harvest
B. The Beautiful Stranger 32. Rabindarath Tagore’s poem “ Innermost One” is
C. Desire taken from the collection of devotional songs titled
D. Beautiful Liar ________.
A. Gitanjali
Rationalization: The answer is letter A “ The B. Shakuntala
Harvest”. Fidel and Vidal are brothers who both got C. Ramayana
attracted to Miss Francia, and this attraction to Miss D. Mahabharata
Francia led to heartaches of both brothers.
Rationalization: The answer is A. Gitanjali means “
27. She is _______ a plane. Songs of Offering” which is a collection of vespers and
A. in prayers.
B. on
C. at 33. It determines if a sound is voiced of voiceless
D. into A. Uvula
B. Voice Box
Rationalization: The is B “on”. The preposition is used C. Tongue
in vehicles that are huge enough for one to work D. Alveolar Ridge
inside it. Ans: B

28. Robert Frost’s poems are commonly about 34. Family of Consonant sounds where the air is held
______________. back for a moment before it is released abruptly.
A. Beautiful girls A. Fricative
B. Decision making and fate B. Plosive
C. God and Faith C. Affricate
D. End of the World D. Glides
Ans: B
Rationalization: The answer is letter B. His poems “
Fire and Ice”, The Road Not Taken”, and “Stopping by 35. Paz Marquez Benitez wrote a story about a love
the Woods on a Snowy Evening” are mainly about triangle amongst Alfredo, Esperanza, and Julia. What
taking the risk, decision making and the power of is the title of this masterpiece?
choice. A. Wedding Dance
B. Dead Stars
29. F. Scot Fitzgerald’s Story that is about the boy C. Desire
who was born and gets younger every day is titled D. Tatsulok
___________
A. The Curious Case of Benjamin Button Rationalization: B – Dead Star is considered the first
B. The Greatest Gatsby Filipino literary masterpiece written in English. It is
C. The Innocent Boy about Alfredo who loves not love it self but only the
D. Growing Young idea of it.

Rationalization: The answer is letter A. This story
was adapted into film and stars Bard Pitt. Bejamin
was born old and died young as baby.
30. In the ballet presentation “Swan Lake” by
Tchaikovsky, Who seduced the prince?
A. Black Swan
B. Golden Swan
C. Swan Witch
D. Ugly Duckling
Rationalization: The Black Swan seduced the prince
that is why the White Swan committed suicide in the
end. So the answer is letter A.
36. What makes the sentence below erroneous?
“ I have written a letter yesterday.”
A. Yesterday
B. Have
C. A
D. Letter
Rationalization: The answer is letter A “yesterday”
because in the present perfect tense we are not
allowed to put a definite time marker.
37. What is NOT true about the present perfect tense?
A. The action started somewhere in the past and
continued up until present
B. It must bear with it the auxiliary verb has/have
plus the past participle form of the verb
C. The action is still happening at present or just
recently ended
D. The action is happening at present and may still
happen in the future.
Rationalization: The answer is letter D because it
pertains to present perfect progressive.
Ans: B
44. In Carlos Bulosan’s“ My father Goes to Court”
What is the accusation of the rich father?
A. Stealing the Aroma of the food.
B. Stealing the kitchen utensils
C. Stealing the gold bars found under the bed of the
rich family
D. Cheating on his wife

38. He is considered the father of essay. Rationalization: The answer is letter A. In the end of
A. Michel de Montaigne the story, the poor father was able to pay the rich
B. Francis Bacon father by letting him hear the sound of tingling sound
C. William Shakespeare of coins.
D. George Eliot
Ans: A 45. In Paz latorena’s Story “Desire” , the main
character has a sexy body but a _______________
39. Which work of Leo Tolstoy is about the A. Homely Face
Napoleonic invasion in Russia? B. Twisted mind
A. War and Peace C. Scaly Skin
B. Anna karenina D. Low I.Q
C. God Sees the truth but Waits
D. Father and Sons Rationalization: The answer is A. The main character
possesses a beautify body but an ugly face. The word
Ans: A “homely” is a euphemism for ugly.

40. The film “ Tatarin” is based on the short story by 46. The lines below are taken from Shakespearean
Nick Joaquin titled ________ play?
A. May Day Eve “ If you prick us, shall we not bleed?
B. Summer Solstice If you tickle us, shall we not laugh?
C. Three Generations If you poison us, shall we not die?
D. Woman with Two Navels And If you wrong us, shall we not seek revenge?

Ans: B A. Romeo and Juliet

41. Read the poem below: B. Merchant of Venice
“ That the wind seraphs of heaven C. Hamlet
Coveted here and me D. Macbeth
That is the reason, not so long ago
In a kingdom by the sea Rationalization: The lines above are taken from
A wind blew out of a cloud Shylock Speech. The answer is letter B.
Chillin and Killin my Annabel Lee”
47. What is TRUE about the Past Perfect Tense?
What is the cause of death of Annabel Lee? A. There must be two past actions
A. Consumption B. The auxiliary verb must be “has”
B. Dengue C. The main verb must be in the present participial
C. HIV form
D. Hepatitis D. The auxiliary verb “had” must not be used
Rationalization: Letter A is the answer as can be
inferred from the last two lines of the excerpt. Rationalization: The answer is A. In the past perfect
Consumption is also known as TB. tense there must be two past actions, the first one
happened before the second one transpired.
42. Who is considered as the father of detective
stories? 48. Dante Aligieri’s Divine Comedy is Originally titled
A. Edgar Allan Poe _____________
B. William Shakespeare A. Comedia
C. Robert Frost B. DivinaComedia
D. Shoguna C. Comedia de Divina
Rationalization: The answer is A Edgar Allan Poe. His D. Divina de CovalandiaComedia
story the Cask of Amontillado is one of the examples
of his detective stories.
Rationalization: The answer is A. DivinaComedia is
43. The velum is also known as the _____________ just an Italian translation. It was originally titled
A. Hard Palate “Comedia” But the Pope and the King added “Divine”
B. Soft Palate to it because people who have read the novel
C. Uvula immediately repented on their sins.
D. Alveolar Ridge
49. Divine Comedy is a trilogy, which among the B. Teresa Subido
three is the most widely read? C. Aida Rivera Ford
A. Purgatory D. Angela Manalang Gloria
B. Heaven Ans: A
C. Paradise
D. Inferno 6. Leo Tolstoy’s short Story about a man falsely judge
and accused of murder is titled _________.
Rationalization: The answer is D Inferno because A. Murder
many became interested in reading it because they B. God Sees The Truth but Waits
want to know the punishment of their sins. C. The Killer and the Victim
D. The misjudged
50. Who is considered as the master of short story Ans: B
writing?
A. Edgar Allan Poe 7. The underline word in the sentence below is an
B. Leo Tolstoy ___________?
C. Jose Rizal “She took the early train.”
D. Rudyard Kipling
A. Adjective
Ans: A B. Adverb
English 2 (50 Items) C. Apostrophe
1. The novel Crime Punishment was Written by D. Appositive
____________ Rationalization: The answer is A. The underlined
A. Fyodor Dostoyevsky word is an adjective because it modifies the word
B. Leo Tolstoy “train” which is a noun.
C. Anton Checkov
D. IvanTurgenev 8. Who wrote the short story “ Magnificence” Which
is about the girl abused by an older man.
Ans: A A. EstrellaAlfon
B. KerimaTuvera
2. This tense connotes actions that are happening at C. Nick Joaquin
present time, meaning right now. D. Appositive
A. Present Tense Ans: A
B. Past Tense
C. Progressive Tense For numbers 59 – 63 read the sonnet below:
D. Present Perfect
SONNET 29
Rationalization: The answer is letter C. If the Action is By William Shakespeare
happening right now, it must be in the progressive
tense. Example: She is singing right now. When, in disgrace with fortune and men’s eyes,
I alone beweep my outcast state
3. Filipino as a language Blossomed during the And trouble heaven with my bootless cries
Japanese occupation ___________ And look upon myself and curse my fate
A. Japanese Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,
B. American Featured like him, like him with friends possess’d,
C. Spanish Desiring this man’s art and that man’s scope,
D. Commonwealth With what I most enjoy contented least;
Yet in these thought myself most despising,
Rationalization: The answer is A because during the Haply I think on thee, and then my state,
Japanese occupation, they prohibit the use of English Like to the lark at break of day arising
and Spanish and required everyone to use the From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven’s gate;
vernacular language. For they sweet love remember’d such wealth brings
That then Iscom to change my state with kings.
4. The Thomasites are ______________________
9. What us the rhyme scheme of the sonnet above/
A. teachers from UST A. ABABCDCDEFEFGG
B. teachers from America B. ABBCDDEFFGGHHI
C. American Soldiers C. AAABBBCCCDDDDEE
D. Followers of St. Thomas D. ABBCDDEFFGGHIJ

Rationalization: The answer is B. They are called
Thomasites because they arrived in the Philippine
shores in board the ship USS Thomas.
5. Who is Considered the goddess of Philippine
poetry?
A. OpeliaAlcantaraDimalanta
Rationalization: A Shakespearean sonnet has 14 lines
with ten syllables per line, the answer is A.
10. A sonnet has 14 iambic pentameter lines and that
means:
A. There are 10 syllables in a line
B. There are 5 syllables in a line
C. There are 8 syllables in a line it is a non count noun, then it takes a singular noun.
D. There are 11 syllables in a line
17. Neither Jordan nor his brothers _____________
Rationalization: A Shakespearean sonnet has 14 lines leaving the company
with ten syllables per line, the answer is A. A. is
B. are
11. What do we call the last two lines of the sonnet? C. was
A. Heroic couplet D. were
B. Couplet
C. Coupled Rationalization: The answer is B. In sentences with
D. Couply Neither… nor the verb agrees with the noun closest
to it.
Rationalization: The last two lines is called the Heroic
Couplet and it serves as the synthesis of the entire 18. What is considered the oldest epic in England?
sonnet. The answer is A. A. Beowulf
B. Neibulgid
12. Jose Rizal’s novel Noli Me Tangere is inspired by C. Song of Roland
the novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe titled D. El Cid
____________
A. Uncle Tom’s Cabin Ans: A
B. Les Miserables 19. What is the name of the very first library in the
C. Tom Sawyer world?
D. War of the Roses A. Beijing Imperial Library
Rationalization: The answer is A. It is about the B. Ashurbannipal Library
liberation of the African American Slaves. C. UST Libray
D. Alexandria Library
13. The film “ Gone with the Wind” is about the
American ___________________ Rationalization: The answer is B. It was founded by
A. Civil War King Ashurbannipal in Niniveh.
B. Revolution
C. Cold War 20. Who wrote the novel “ The little Prince”?
D. War and Peace A. Niccolo Machiavelli
B. Antoine De Saint Exupery
Rationalization: The answer is A, Civil War is C. Martin Luther King
pioneered by Abraham Lincoln in an attempt to D. Rober Frost
liberates the slaves. Ans: B

14. The reality TV show Big Brother is based on the 21. Which sound is a voiced bilabial stop?
novel by George Orwell titled ______________ A. /b/
A. Big Brother B. /p/
B. 1984 C. /k/
C. Brother D. /t/
D. Brother and Sons
Rationalization: All of the sounds are stops/plosives,
Rationalization: The answer is B. George Orwell but only /b/ and /p/ are bilabial, and only /b/ is
wrote this novel on the year 1948 but he change it to voiced, and so the answer is A.
1984 to make it seem futuristic.
22. The teacher was asked to speak for her students
15. The Family _____ together, ___________ together. when they won the speech choir competition, and so
A. prays – stays she says “ _________of my student, I want to thank you.”
B. pray – stay A. On behalf
C. prayed – stayed B. In behalf
D. praying – staying C. Because
D. For
Rationalization: The answer is A. most collective
nouns if taken as a single entity must take a singular Rationalization: The answer is A because “ in behalf”
verb. must only be used if the speaker is part of the group
he/she is representing.
16. One third of the population ______________ poor.
A. is 23. Which of the following inspired Rizal’s El
B. are Filibusterismo?
C. was A. The execution of GOMBURZA
D. were B. The death of Andres Bonifacio
C.The death of his father
Rationalization: The answer is B. In fractions, if the D. The imprisonment of his mother
subject is a count noun then it takes a plural noun. If
Rationalization: The answer is A. Rizal’s Family is Rationalization: The answer is C. It is a process where
closely attached to the Filipino priest, that is why the in the teacher would read parts of the story and then
death of Gomez, Burgos and Zamora inspired Rizal to they would let the students guess what is going
write his Novels. happen next.

24. What is the First American School in the 31. In developmental reading, this pertains to the
Philippines that is aims in teaching the Filipinos how familiarity of the students toward the sounds of the
to use the English Language. language.
A. Philippine Normal University A. Phonemic Awareness
B. Far Eastern University B. Phonology
C. University of Santo Tomas C. Syntax
D. University of the Philippines D. Semantics

Rationalization: The answer is A . PNU (PNS) is the Rationalization: The answer is A. This skill attained if
first school stablished by the Thomasites in the the learner can distinguish a feature of a particular
Philippines. language upon hearing it.

25. He is the advocate of Art for Art’s sake in the 32. In development reading, this pertains to the
Philippines. ability of the learner to relate the written symbols to
A. Jose Garcia Villa its corresponding sound.
B. Jose Salvador A. Phonemic Awareness
C. Manuel Arguilla B. Phonics
D. Arturo Rotor C. Syntax
Ans: A D. Semantics
26. Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing are
collectively known as ______________ Rationalization: The answer is B. Phonics pertain to
A. Marco Skills the sound and symbols correspondence
B. Cueing Skills graphophonemic.
C. Communicative Competence
D. Micro Skills 33. Who wrote the short story “ A Rose for Emily”?
Rationalization: The answer is A. In English language A. William Faulkner
teaching, the words listed above are called the B. Emily Dickinson
MACRO skills. C. Virginia Woolf
D. Mary Shelley
27. In the epic lliad, who is the most trusted friend of Ans.A
Archilles?
A. Hector 34. Who is the Indian counterpart of William
B. Patroclus Shakespeare?
C. Agamemnon A. Tagore
D. Paris B. Kalidasa
C. Valmiki
Rationalization: The answer is B. In the epic, the D. Vyasa
death of Patroclus caused the greatest heart ache of
Achilles. Rationalization: The answer is letter B. Kalidasa, like
Shakespeare is a writer of dramas. His famous work
28. Who wrote the epic lliad and Odyssey? is Shakuntala.
A. Vigil
B. Homer 35. English Sonnet: Shakespeare , Italian Sonnet:
C. Chaucer A. Alighieri
D. Valmiki B. Petrarch
Ans: B C. Boccaccio
29. Who is the Roman goddess of wisdom? D. Dante
A. Athena
B. Minerva Rationalization: Francisco Petrarch is the most
C. Hera famous sonnet writer in Italy
D. Venus
36. Who wrote the essay “ Self Reliance” Which
Rationalization: Minerva is the Roman goddess of mentions that “ envy is ignorance while imitation is
wisdom because Athena belongs to Greek Mythology. suicide”?
The answer is B. A. Hendy David Thoreau
B. Ralph Waldo Emersion
30. DRTA in reading means: C. Walt Whiteman
A. Directional Reading Toward Attention D. Gertrude Stein
B. Direction on Reading To Attain Information
C. Directed Reading and Thinking Activity Rationalization: The answer is B. Emerson,
D. Direct Reading and Teaching Activity Whiteman, and Thoreau are friends and they all
agree on the power of the individual. Emerson wrote Ans: A
Self Reliance, Thoreau wrote Walden, And Whiteman 44. This is considered the Golden Age of Literacy
wrote Leaves of Grass. Production in England.
A. the reign of Queen Elizabeth
37. In reading, IRI means: B. the reign of Charles II
A. Informal Reading Intervention C. the reign of Victoria
B. Informal Reading Inventory D. the reign of Henry VII
C. Informal Reading Innovation
D. Informal Reading Integration Rationalization: The answer is A. During the rime of
Queen Elizabeth, writer of different genres surfaced.
Rationalization: The answer is B. IRI is a system that We have Shakespeare, Jonson, and Marlowe to
labels a reader based on his/her capacity to voice out mention a few.
written symbols in a given text.
45. Who wrote the novel Pride and Prejudice
38. In the cueing system, this pertains to the A. Jane Austen
structure of grammar. B. Charlotte Bronte
A. Phonology C. Ann Bradsheet
B. Semantics D. Edith Wharton
C. Morphology Ans: A
D. Syntax
Ans: D 46. What is the pen name of Samuel Clemens?
A. Mark Twain
39. In cueing system, this entails to the formation of B. George Orwell
words. C. D.H Lawrence
A. Phonology D. T.S Eliot
B. Semantics Ans: A
C. Morphology
D. Syntax 47. The pen name of Mary Ann Evans is _____________
Ans: C A. George Eliot
B. Emily Watts
40. In the cueing system, this is about vocabulary and C. Jane Seymour
coming up with the meanings in a context. D. Anne Bradsheet
A. Phonology
B. Semantics Rationalization: The answer is A. She used a male pen
C. Morphology name because Queen Victoria prohibits women to
D. Syntax write.
Ans: B 48. “ She is a star in the heavens above. “What figure
41. In the cueing system, this pertains to the of speech is used?
formation of sounds of the language. A. Simile
A. Phonology B. Metaphor
B. Semantics C. Personification
C. Morphology D. Hyperbole
D. Syntax
Rationalization: The answer is B because “she” is
Ans: A directly compared to the stars. Direct comparison is
Rationalization: for number 38 – 41: Phonology called metaphor.
concerns sound; syntax concern structure/grammar,
morphology concerns word formation; and semantics 49. What figure of speech is used in the sentenced
concerns meanings. below?
“I can eat a whole cow!”
42. The poem “The Road Not Taken” which road did A. Simile
not travelertake? B. Metaphor
A. Clear road C. Personification
B. Road less travelled D. Hyperbole
C. High way
D. Streets Rationalization: The answer is D. Hyperbole is
Rationalization: The traveler chose the road less exaggeration.
travelled and for the persona his/her choice made all 50. Mark Twain’s novel Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry
the difference. Finn are set in the ___________ river.
A. Nile
43. Who wrote the novel “A Christmas Carol” which is B. Mississippi
about a man who hates Christmas? C. Amazon
A. Charles Dickens D. Rio Grande
B. Oscar Wilde Rationalization: The answer is B. Mark Twain’s
C. H.G Wells novels are set on the Mississippi river which is the
D. D.H Lawrence longest river in America.
LET REVIEWER FOR ENGLISH MAJOR communication strategies as information sharing,
1. Which hypothesis of Krashen’s Monitor Model negotiation of meaning, and interaction are used.
proposes that when learners are exposed to A. Structuralism
grammatical features a little beyond their current B. Behaviorism
(i.e., I + 1), those features are “acquired”. Acquisition C. Cognitivism
results from comprehensible input, which is made D. Functionalism
understandable with the help provided by the
context. RATIO
A. acquisition/learning hypothesis The functional view of language has resulted in
B. natural order hypothesis communication-based methods such as
C. input hypothesis Communicative Language Teaching/Communicative
D. affective filter hypothesis Approach, Notional/Functional Approach, Task-
Based Language Teaching.
RATIO:
Input hypothesis proposes that when 6. It is a branch of linguistics that deals with how
learners are exposed to grammatical features a little words combine to form phrases, phrases combine to
beyond their current (i.e., I + 1), those features are form clauses, and clauses conjoin to make sentences.
“acquired”. A. morphology
B. syntax
2. All of the following are implications of Krashen’s C. semantics
Monitor Model EXCEPT _____. D. pragmatics
A. Teachers should correct errors during the time
they are committed as error correction is valuable. RATIO
B. Teachers should not insist on learners conversing Syntax is a branch of linguistics that deals with how
before they feel comfortable in doing so. words combine to form phrases, phrases combine to
C. Teachers should not expect learners to learn “late form clauses, and clauses conjoin to make sentences.
structures” such as third person singular early.
D. Teachers consider grammatical teaching is of 7. What is shown in the systematic variation of /t/
limited value. such as /t/ in top is aspirated, /t/ is stop is released,
and /t/ in pot is unreleased?
RATIO: A. phoneme
On the spot error-correction may have negative B. consonant
effects in terms of anxiety and inhibitions. C. variation
D. allophone
3. They view the language as a system of related RATIO
elements or “building blocks” for the encoding of Allophones are variants or other ways of producing a
meaning, the elements being phonemes (sounds), phoneme.
morphemes (words), tagmemes
(phrases/sentences/clauses). 8. Which of the following sounds are produced by
A. structuralists bringing the articulators near each other such that
B. transformationalists the flow of air is impeded but not completely blocked.
C. functionalists The air flow through the narrow opening creates
D. interactionalists friction.
A. p,b,t,d,k,g
RATIO B. f,v,Ɵ,ð,s,z,š,ẑ,h
Structuralists believe that language is primarily C. m,n,ŋ
vocal; language is system of systems, and language is D. l,r
arbitrary.
RATIO
4. Which of the following is a view of an These sounds are called fricatives which are
interactionalist? produced by bringing the articulators near each other
A. Language is primarily vocal. such that the flow of air is impeded but not
B. Language is creative. completely blocked.
C. Language emphasizes the meaning and functions
rather than the structures 9. What is illustrated in following example? In
D. Language is a vehicle for establishing English, the statement “Marian is a linguist” ends
interpersonal relationship. with a fall in pitch, while as a question, “Marian is a
linguist?” the pitch goes up.
RATIO A. stress
Interactionalists believe that language is a vehicle for B. juncture
establishing interpersonal relations. C. intonation
D. suprasegmentals
5. Which theory on language teaching has given birth
to the methods that are learner-centered, allowing RATIO
learners to work in pairs or groups in information Intonation is the rise and fall of pitch which may
gap tasks and problem-solving activities where such contrast meanings of sentences
10. Which of the following is an example derivational A. representative
morpheme? B. commissive
A. helpful C. directive
B. stays D. expressive
C. eaten
D. longest RATIO:
A representative is an utterance used to describe
RATIO some state of affairs: acts of stating, asserting,
Ful in helpful is a derivational morpheme which denying, confessing, admitting, notifying, concluding,
usually changes the form class of the words to which predicting, and so on.
they are attached.
16. What conversation maxim seems to have been
11. The words “gym, mike, and TV” are formed violated in the following example?
through _____. A: How was the LET?
A. clipping B: Well, the proctor is my former college
B. back formation professor.
C. root creation A. maxim of quantity
D. compounding B. maxim of quality
C. maxim of relation
RATIO D. maxim of manner
Clipping or clipped form is a shortened form of a pre-
existing forms ) e.g. gym < gymnasium; mike < RATIO:
microphone, TV < television. Maxim of relation – a participant’s contribution
should be related to the subject of the conversation –
12. What morphophonemic process is involved in “Be relevant.”
which units that occur in some contexts are “lost” in
others such as “l i b a r y” instead of “l i b r a r y”? 17. This view emphasizes that native language
A. assimilation comprises habits that a second language learner must
B. dissimilation overcome. This is accomplished by forging new
C. epenthesis habits through repetition of pattern drills with
D. metathesis accompanying positive reinforcement.
A. Behaviorist learning theory
RATIO B. Cognitive learning theory
Dissimilation is a process that results in two sounds C. Functional learning theory
becoming less alike in articulatory or acoustic terms; D. Holistic learning theory
a process in which units which occur in some
contexts are “lost” in others; e.g. “l i b a r y” instead of RATIO:
“l i b r a r y” Behaviorism is a systematic approach to the
understanding of human and animal behavior. It
13. Which syntactic structure is shown in the assumes that the behavior of a human or animal is a
following examples?responsible officers, trusted friend consequence of that individual's history, including
A. predication especially reinforcement and punishment, and the
B. complementation individual's current motivational state and
C. modification controlling stimuli.
D. coordination
18. Overgeneralization errors such as “goed” and
RATIO “keeped” are common in children’s speech. Such
Structure of modification has two components; a errors suggest that children _____.
head word and a modifier. A. are repeating what was said to them, and should
take note of them
14. What is made use in this example “I told Paul to B. do not know the past tense forms of those verbs,
close the door and he did so”? and experience difficulty
A. homonymy C. induce the rules for the past tense from the
B. anaphora language to which they are exposed
C. deixis D. repeat the teacher’s mistakes, and those errors are
D. hyponymy very hard to undo

RATIO:
Anaphora is a linguistic expression that refers to
another linguistic expression (point backwards). The
pronoun refers back to its antecedent.
15. What category of illocutionary act is
demonstrated in the following example?Recession
will worsen in Europe in
the next five years.
RATIO:
The term “overgeneralization” is most often used in
connection with language acquisition by children. For
example, a young child may say "foots" instead of
"feet," overgeneralizing the morphological rule for
making plural nouns.
19. This type of language is used to describe the kind
of language a learner uses at a given time, that is, his
version of a given language, which deviates in certain
ways from the language of a mature speaker.
A. dialect
B. native language
C. holophrastic speech
D. interlanguage
RATIO:
Interlanguage is a type of language (or linguistic
system) used by second- and foreign-language
learners who are in the process of learning a target
language.
20. According to cognitivists, errors in second
language learning is considered _____.
A. basis for testing
B. part of learning process
C. as proofs of unsystematic way of learning
D. not part of natural progression in acquisition of
English
RATIO:
Error and error correction can be valuable when it
places the errors into the students’ focal awareness.
21. What aptly describes “universal grammar”?
A. language used for communication by people who
speak different first languages
B. rules applicable to all human languages
C. language with the same vocabulary, grammar, and
pronunciation
D. rules of grammar that distinguish one language
from the others
RATIO:
The concept of universal grammarstates that all
languages are built upon a common grammar.
22. At the border of two countries there is a port
where fishermen work. The fishermen do not speak
the same language, so they communicate using one
that has been invented but only for the purpose of
trade. This scenario most accurately describes which
of the following types of language?
A. a dialect
B. a creole
C. a pidgin
D. a regionalism
RATIO:
A pidgin is a simplified language that is
developed as a means of communication between
two or more groups who do not have a language in
common.
23. If the second language learner “assimilates”, then
he _____.
A. maintains its own life style and values and rejects
those of the target language group
B. adapts to the life style and values of the target
language group but maintains its own life style and
values for the intragroup use.
C. gives up his own life style and values and adopts
those of the target language group
D. maximizes the use of his first language and the
target language
RATIO:
When a language learner assimilates, he
considers the target language as his own language.
24. The following are the areas of knowledge and
skills of communicative competence EXCEPT _____
A. grammatical competence
B. sociolinguistic competence
C. discourse competence
D. structural competence
RATIO:
The following are the areas of communicative
competence: grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse,
and sociolinguistic.
25. Speaker A’s final remark functions as _____.
Speaker A: That’s the telephone.
Speaker B: I’m in the bath.
Speaker A: OK.
A. a request to answer the phone
B. an excuse for not complying
C. acceptance of an excuse
D. sarcasm
26. What is strategy is used by the second language
learner in the following situation”
“The student forgot the English term “train
station”. He used the phrase “the place for trains”
instead.
A. inference
B. paraphrase
C. generalization
D. adaptation
RATIO:
Paraphrasing is a restatement of a text or passage
giving the meaning in another form.
27. What is the message of the short story, “The
Centipede” by Rony V. Diaz?
A. Childhood memories are treasures.
B. Teasing or Taunting should only be done by adults.
C. Children should be responsible with what trick
they do with their siblings.
D. Childhood relationships between siblings were
sometimes painful.
SUMMARY:
When Eddie saw his sister beating his dog with a
stick, he felt hate like a caged, angry beast in his
chest. He could not cry to his sister because she had a
weak heart. He recalled the things his sister did to
him. For Eddie, his sister, Delia was the meanest
creature he knew. He remembered when he was
furiously hit by his sister when she learned that the
leg of her doll was accidentally torn by him.
Nothing Eddie did ever pleased her. Destroying
willfully anything he liked had become a habit for
her. She even told Berto to kill his monkey because it
snickered at her one morning, while she was
brushing her teeth.
Eddie did not tell anything when she told Father that
she did not like Eddie's pigeon house because it stank
and he had to give away his pigeons and Berto had to
chop the house into kindling wood. He learned how
to hold himself because he knew they had to put up
with her whims to keep her calm and quiet. But when
she dumped his butterflies into a waste can and
burned them in the backyard, he realized that she
was spiting him.
Eddie got a big centipede that Berto found
under the stack he chopped. He made sure that it was
dead and placed it in a white cloth. He unwrapped
and threw it on the lap of his sister whom he hated so
much. His sister collapsed. Her voice dragged off into
a painstaking moan.Eddie was engulfed by a sudden
feeling of pity and guilt. He cried kneeling before her,
telling her that the centipede was dead..
28. What problem is pointed out by the author in the
story “How My Brother Brought Home a Wife” by
Manuel Arguilla?
A. How Filipinos live in the province
B. How Filipinos solve family problems
C. How Filipinos are affected by new technology
D. How Filipinos accept or treat a new family member
SUMMARY:
Baldo waited Maria and Leon in a station so that he
would bring the two in their house. Maria met Baldo
at the first time. Leon and Maria rode in the cart with
Baldo and Labang.
While they were in their journey, Leon asked Baldo
on who told him to meet Maria and Leon in the
station. In their journey, Leon and Maria sang a song
“Sky Sown with Stars”. When they reached to their
home, Leon saw his mother and asked on where was
his Father
Baldo went upstairs to go to his father’s room and
told the story to their journey. And when Leon and
Maria came into the father’s room, his father changed
the topic to Labang.
29. What is the problem or conflict in the story “The
Mats” by Francisco Arcellana?
A. Emilia’s indifference
B. siblings’ rivalry
C. Mr. Angeles’ emotionality
D. Hunger in the family
SUMMARY:
Mr. Angeles travelled to southern Philippines and
bought mats for his wife and children. Each mat had
the corresponding name of all his living offspring,
even those who already died. When he arrived home
from his trip, he presented the mats to his family. As
he unfolded one mat after another, he narrated the
emotions, longings and beautiful memories they had
had as a family. The sorrow heightened when the last
two mats he opened were for his dead children which
made his wife reacted with grief, and told Mr.Angeles
that there was no need for him to open those mats for
the two were already dead.
At that point, Mr. Angeles cried with pain while
telling his wife that his children must always be in
their memory no matter where they were.
30. What truth about life was presented in the story
“The Wedding Dance” by Amador Daguio?
A. Some men are not contented with one partner.
B. Women and men are born equal.
C. Culture goes beyond love.
D. Love conquers all.
SUMMARY:
"The Wedding Dance" by Amador Daguio, is a short
story about a husband and wife, Awiyao and Lumnay,
who had been married for seven years. In spite of
being in love with his wife, Awiyao felt the need to
marry again in order to have a son. At his second
marriage celebration, Awiyao went to check on
Lumnay, knowing she was upset. Awiyao thought the
answer to Lumnay's sorrow would be to have her
join the other women during the wedding dance.
Lumnay went out to join the wedding dance, but
decided not to and left. She could not stand the idea
of her husband marrying another woman because
she could not give him children.
31. The “Dead Stars” by Paz Marquez Benitez
symbolizes ___________.
A. the love of Esperanza for Alfredo
B. the love of Alfredo for Julia
C. the love of Julia for Alfredo
D. the love of Alfredo for Esperanza
SUMMARY:
TO A LOST ONE
Angela Manalang-Gloria
I shall haunt you O my lost one, as the twilight
Haunts a re-entangled trail,
And your dreams will linger strangely with the music
Of a phantom lover’s tale,
You shall not forget, for I am past forgetting,
I shall come to you again
With the starlight and the scent of white champacas,
And the melody of rain.
You shall not forget. Dust will peer into your
Window, tragic-eyed and still,
And unbidden, startle you into remembrance
With its hand upon the still.
32. What is the poem “To a Lost One” about?
A. An appeal to be remembered by a lover
B. A threat to a lover
C. Beautiful memories of a dead person
D. A ghost that haunts a fastidious lover
33. What virtue of the writer is depicted in the poem?
A. forgiving
B. honest
C. romantic
D. faithful
34. What does this line “I shall come to you again
with the starlight, and the scent of champacas’?
A. The speaker with champacas will visit his lover at
night.
B. The speaker wants his lover to keep and cherish
their memories in her heart.
C. The speaker will rise from death to remind his
lover of their sweet moments.
D. The speaker wants to give his lover fresh (C) Listening comprises more than one-half of all
champacas. communication.
(D) The ability to be a good listener comes naturally,
35. This line “You shall not forget, for I am past and no training is necessary.
forgetting” means __________. (E) Being an effective communicator means that one
A. The speaker wants to be left unforgotten. must listen to oneself.
B. The speaker wants his lover to forget her past.
C. The speaker wants his past not to be discussed. RATIO:
D. The speaker wants his past not to be forgotten. Effective listening requires study and
practice.
36. The line “I shall haunt you” has a/an __________
tone. 42. When a group is faced with a problem requiring
A. begging immediate action, the most effective leadership style
B. appealing is _____.
C. romantic (A) authoritarian
D. commanding (B) democratic
(C) laissez-faire
37. “Lost One” may be pertained to _________. (D) charismatic
A. lost feeling (E) permissive
B. past lover RATIO:
C. abandoned person Authoritarian style is most often considered
D. ghost appropriate and is in fact frequently welcomed by
38. It is a generally accepted first principle of oral group members due to its ability to get work done
interpretation that the reader must be true to more quickly.
(A) the performance space
(B) the author 43. Schema activation is important to make sense of
(C) the method new information in light of what students already
(D) the audience know, and to make the necessary connection
(E) his or her training between the two. The following are good activities
RATIO: for schema activation EXCEPT _____.
The interpreter must care about the author’s material A. constructing graphic organizer
and must want to share it with others. B. previewing a passage
C. brainstorming ideas
39. Within the communication process, the area that D. evaluating or assessing ideas
causes the most breakdowns is _____.
(A) interference RATIO:
(B) feedback It is NOT a good activity for schema activation.
(C) the situation Evaluation and assessment of idea can come after
(D) the channel schema activation.
(E) the message
44. The following are concerns of teaching reading
RATIO: EXCEPT _____.
Only interference is a problem in and of itself. A. vocabulary development
B. comprehension development
40. David is preparing a speech about why Hollywood C. output development
became the center of the motion picture industry and D. application
the impact that its development as the center had on
filmmaking. David’s speech should be organized RATIO:
using which of the following methods? C is correct. It is not a concern of teaching reading.
(A) Spatial
(B) Chronological 45. The following are principles for designing
(C) Cause-effect effective and interesting reading lessons EXCEPT
(D) Problem-solution _____.
(E) Topical A. For reading lessons to be interesting and
motivating they must focus on simple themes.
RATIO: B. Instructional activities have a teaching rather than
The speech answering this question could a testing focus.
only use the cause-effect method of organization. C. Lessons should be divided into pre-reading, during
reading, and post-reading.
41. All of the following are correct descriptions of D. The major activity of the reading lesson is students
listening behavior EXCEPT: reading texts.
(A) Careful listening can lead to anticipation of a
speaker’s actions. RATIO:
(B) People who learn to listen selectively can shut out Effective reading lesson should require students to
what is undesirable. do tasks that are complex.
46. Content-Based Instruction (CBI) is based on the
common underlying principle that successful
language learning occurs when students are
presented with target language material in a
meaningful, contextualized form, with the primary
focus on _____.
A. understanding the lessons
B. acquiring information and knowledge
C. making connections between what they learn at
school and what they learn outside the school
D. making meaning from what they learn
RATIO:
CBI is designed to provide second-language learners
instruction in content and language.
47. It is a vocabulary strategy which involves the
process of breaking up of a word into its meaningful
components: the root words, affixes, and suffixes.
A. contextual clues
B. structural analysis
C. summarizing
D. groupings
RATIO:
Structural analysis is the process of breaking up parts
of a word into its meaningful components: the root
words, affixes, and suffixes.
48. Which of the following questions is best for
activating students’ prior knowledge to feel that they
somehow connected to the topic “snakes” being
studied?
A. What do you know about snakes? What snakes are
common in your area?
B. What according to the selection are the types of
snakes?
C. What did the writer suggest to the person who was
bitten by snakes to do?
D. What is the importance of animals such as snakes
in ecosystem?
RATIO:
Before discussing a text, discuss the topic that will be
covered. Have the students share what they already
know about the topic.
49. If the students think about the knowledge of their
own thoughts and the factors that influence their
thinking, they are engaged in the process of _____.
A. artistic thinking
B. metacognition
C. higher-order thinking
D. critical thinking
RATIO:
Metacognition is "thinking about one’s thinking."
50. Mrs. Torres wants to find out her students’
schema about storm surge. On the board she writes
the words “storm surge” and encircles them. She,
then, asks her students what they know about storm
surge, and helps them cluster the information. What
technique does Mrs. Torres use?
A. demonstration
B. vocabulary building
C. semantic mapping
D. deductive reasoning
RATIO:
Semantic mapping provides a visual guide for
students to clarify textual information.
51. The underlined verbs in the following sentences
are classified as _____.
The time is now.
The world became flesh.
We remain silent.
A. intransitive
B. reflexive
C. transitive
D. ascriptive
RATIO
The verbs are called ascriptive verbs because they
are followed by a noun phrase, adjective phrase, or
adverb of place or time (which may be a
prepositional phrase). T
52. Which of the following is the true description of
an auxiliary verb?
A. It is used to complete the verb phrase in certain
constructions such as the emphatic, thenegative, the
passive, or the perfect and progressive aspects.
B. It occurs before the main verb, and denotes
modification of the basic meaning of the main verb.
C. It belongs to several classifications of verbs. It may
take an impersonal it as a subject.
D. It is followed by noun or noun phrase functioning
as its direct object.
RATIO:
Auxiliary (or Helping) verbs are used together with a
main verb to show the verb’s tense or to form a
negative or question.
53. What preferred tense is used for “stage directions
and synopses?
A. present
B. past
C. future
D. present perfect
54. The word “just” in the sentence below indicates
_____.
“She has just eaten.”
A. an action that was true in the past and is still
relevant to the present
B. a recently completed action
C. an action which was completed before another
past action
D. an action continuing at a given point in time
RATIO:
One of the ideas expressed in a present
perfect tense verb is a recently completed action.
55. All of the following contains verbal EXCEPT _____.
A. Satisfied, the producer began paying the artists.
B. Having recovered her voice, the soprano hit her
top notes well.
C. Your mom arrived after you had gone.
D. To see is to believe.
RATIO: C. What did they give us?
Choice C does not use verbal (gerund, D. Who gave us badges?
infinitive, participle).
RATIO:
56. What type of mood is indicated in this sentence: Direct Object answers the question "What?"
“How did you come to know about that tragic event?” or "Whom?" after an action verb.
A. indicative
B. subjunctive 63. All of the following contain operator verbs
C. imperative EXCEPT ____.
D. directive A. My father approves your marriage proposal.
B. Will your father approve my marriage proposal?
RATIO C. My father won’t approve your marriage proposal.
Indicative mood states the fact or supposition; asks a D. Your father will approve my marriage proposal,
question. won’t he?

57. The sentence “The child cried when his toy car RATIO:
got broken” follows ____ pattern. An operator verb has 3 main functions:
A. N InV It precedes the negative;
B. N LV Adj. It is the verb of yes-no question.
C. N TrV N It is also the verb of tag questions.
D. N InV Adv.
58. “Mario, my older brother, fathers there good 64. Each person’s vocabulary is a continuum. On the
looking and smart children.” The underlined word one end of the continuum are words the person
functions as _____. knows very well and for which he has a full rich
A. a noun understanding of their various meanings. On the
B. a verb other end of the continuum are _____.
C. an adjective A. words he enjoys using regularly
D. a possessive B. new words that he has learned both the spelling
59. Which of the following adjective phrases is and meaning for
syntactically correct? C. words he doesn’t recognize
A. the most unique D. words he can recognize and figure out the meaning
B. nearly unique of based on context
C. the very much unique
D. less unique RATIO
Words at the opposite of the continuum are words a
RATIO: person can understand with the help of context clues.
“Unique” is an example of an absolute adjective that
do not admit comparative degree. 65. Which of the following does NOT function as a
pronoun?
60. Which of the following is a gradable adjective? A. I B. we
A. absolute C. you D. my
B. clear
C. complete 66. The President himself promised to stop the war.
D. impossible The underlined word is ______ pronoun.
A. an interrogative B. an intensive
RATIO: C. a reflexive D. a reciprocal
Gradable adjective is an adjective that can be
compared. RATIO:
We use a reflexive pronoun when we want to refer
61. Which sentence has ditransitive verb? back to the subject of the sentence or clause.
A. Those guys are highly intelligent group of
engineers. 67. The question “Is he coming?” has a _____
B. Those mean boys tried to throw a rock through our intonation.
windows. A. falling B. sustained
C. Nobody will believe a ruffian like you. C. rising D. melodic
D. My mother gave me this cardigan for Christmas.
RATIO:
RATIO: Rising Intonation /2, 3/ or 
A ditransitive verb requires both direct and an An intonation pattern that begins at /2/, rises to /3/
indirect object. at the primary sentence stress, and stays there to the
end of the utterance is a rising intonation pattern.
62. “When we arrived, they gave us badges.” Which of
the following questions should be asked to find the 68. Which of the following sentences does NOT
direct object? observe correct subject-verb agreement?
A. What did we do? A. The mayor as well as his brothers is going to
B. When did we arrive? prison.
B. Neither of the two traffic lights is working. 74. The author uses imagery in this section to
C. My assets were wiped out in the depression. illustrate Huck’s _____.
D. Neither the plates nor the serving bowl go on that A. fear and loneliness
shelf. B. awareness of his environment
C. loss of his father
RATIO: D. moral dilemma
The verb in an “or, either/or, or neither/nor-sentence”
agrees with the noun or pronoun closest to it. RATIO:
The imagery in this selection helps to
69. The pronoun in this sentence is _____. illustrate Huck’s isolation and fear.
“When she arrived, Suad was surprised to find
her apartment door open. 75. When doing research on the life of an important
A. cataphoric B. anaphoric figure, you would probably give more credence to a
C. deitic D. coreferential biography than you would to an autobiography, due
RATIO: to memoirist’s _____.
A cataphoric reference unit refers to another unit A. verbosity
that is introduced later on in the text/speech. B. creativity
C. subjectivity
70. The underlined word in this sentence functions as D. experiences
______.
“We elected him chairman.” The subjectivity of the author in writing his
A. direct object B. indirect object own life-story can be a problem.
C. objective complementD. predicate nominative
RATIO: 76. Which type of logical fallacy is demonstrated by
An objective complement is a noun, adjective, or this argument?
pronoun used in the predicate as complement to a It is essential that we reject the proposed
verb and as qualifier of its direct object. changes to the company’s insurance plan. If we don’t
71). Which of the following words is derived from a protest against these changes now, we’ll soon end up
French word? with no health coverage at all.
A. Armadillo A. slippery slope
B. Geography B. red herring
C. Poultry C. strawman
D. Laser D. circular reasoning

RATIO: RATIO:
The word “poultry” is derived from the The slippery slope argument involves
French word “poulet”. reasoning that because of an initial event, a second
event, more extreme event must inevitable follow.
72. The style of writing employed in this passage can
be best described as _____. 77. Which of the following works of literature was
A. standard English C. jargon originally written in Modern English?
B. formal English D. dialect A. The Decameron
B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
The stars were shining, and the leaves rustled C. War and Peace
in the woods ever so mournful; and I heard an owl, D. Paradise Lost
away off, who-whooing about somebody that was
dead, and a whippowill and a dog crying about RATIO:
somebody that was going to die; and the wind was Milton’s Paradise Lostwhich was published in
trying to whisper something to me, and I couldn’t 1667 in Modern English.through elimination.
make out what it was, and so it made the cold shivers
run over me. -The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by 78. The line is an example of ____.
Mark Twain I. apostrophe
II. personification
RATIO: III. hyperbole
“The passage use words in a regional dialect IV. metonymy
of English.
a. II only
73. The author’s use of language in this passage helps b. I and II only
to demonstrate the speaker’s ____ c. I, II, and IV only
A. lack of intelligence C. good-heartedness d. II and IV only
B. lack of education D. confusion
“They tell me you are wicked and I believe
RATIO: them, for I have seen your painted women
Huck is uneducated.. under the gas lamps luring the farm boys.
Chicago by Carl Sandburg
RATIO:
The “You” in this line is Chicago itself. This is
a form of apostrophe and personification.
79. This poem is most likely influenced by which of
the following?
A. Industrialization
B. Increased immigration
C. Western expansion
D. World War II patriotism
Hog Butcher for the World
Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat,
Player with Railroads and the Nation’s
Freight Handler;
Stormy, husky, brawling,
City of the Big Shoulders:
Chicago by Carl Sandburg
RATIO:
This poem is written during the early 1990s,
a time Chicago experienced increased
industrialization.
80. The poetry of Walt Whitman is significant in the
development of American literature primarily
because he _____.
A. used the epic form to tell distinctly American tales
B. developed his own poetic form and style instead of
adhering to the traditional poetic forms
C. commemorated in verse the lives of public leaders
like Abraham Lincoln.
D. was heavily influenced by Emerson’s call for a new
national poet.
RATIO:
Walt Whitman’s “Leaves of the Grass” departs
from the metered, traditional poetic forms.
81. The following words: edit from editor, and beg
from beggar are formed through _____.
A. blending B. back formation
C. derivation D. clipping
RATIO:
Back-formationis the process of forming a
new word (a neologism) by extracting actual or
supposed affixes from another word.
(1) The themes of liberty and freedom are central to
much of American literature, particularly the
literature produced during the American
Renaissance. (2) As the issues of women’s rights and
abolition came to the forefront of the American
consciousness, writers delved deep into an
exploration of the meaning of freedom for the
country and for individuals. (3) Three such writers
from this time period who focus on issues of freedom
are Margaret Fuller, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and
Harriet Jacobs. (4) Each of these writers develop an
answer to the question posed by Stowe in Uncle
Tom’s Cabin: “Liberty! – electric world! What is it?”
82 . Which of the following sentences should be
revised in order to correct an error?
A. Sentence 1, to correct an error in comma use
B. Sentence 2, to correct an error in apostrophe use
C. Sentence 3, to correct an error in comma use
D. Sentence 4, to correct an error in agreement
RATIO:
The subject “each” which is an indefinite
pronoun singular in meaning should take the singular
verb “develops”.
83. Which of the following English words is most
commonly pronounced with the vowel sound /ə/
(i.e., schwa)?
A. where B. who
C. what D. why
RATIO:
“What” has the schwa sound which is
identified as central, neutral and relaxed.
84. Why do most fathers prefer a son _____ a daughter
for his first-born child?
A. to B. than
C. from D. over
RATIO:
“Prefer to” means to like or want somebody
or something more than somebody or something
else.
85. I am going to sit and rest _______.
A. a little bit B. a while
C. a little more D. awhile
RATIO:
Awhile (written as one word) is an adverb.
86. Which sentence has error in punctuation?
A. “You’re a great friend,” Jose said.
B. Judith, my best friend went to a concert last Friday.
C. I have a lot of work to do; as such, I left for work a
few minutes early.
D. According to the radio, surface streets were the
best alternative to the congested freeways.
RATIO:
An appositive phrase should be separated
from the noun it renames and other words in the
sentence with a comma before and after it.
87. Unprepared for such a strong rebuttal, _____.
A. the lawyer’s attempt at winning the case failed
B. the lawyer’s attempt failed to win the case
C. the lawyer failed to win the case
D. the lawyer failed in his attempt to win the case
RATIO:
Both C and D use active voice, but it is only C
that is not redundant.
88. ______ on the MTRCB to take action.
A. Whenever television is denounced by viewers for
its violence, they call
B. Whenever television is denounced for its violence,
viewers call
C. Whenever viewers denounce television for its
violence, they call
D. Whenever a denunciation of television is voiced,
they call
RATIO: RATIO:
OnlyC uses active voice. Regular English The two broadest categories, labelled I, II,
sentences mostly use active voice. should be plays and poems.

89. Arthur Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman, has But how was I direct myself? I knew that I
been called a “tragedy of the common man” because must travel in a southwesterly direction to reach my
it _____. destination, but the sun was only guide. I did not
A. depicts the fall from grace of an important person know the names of the towns that I was to pass
B. fits Aristotle formal definition of tragedy through, nor could I ask information from a single
C. gives an ordinary salesman’s life weight and human being; but I did not despair. From you only
meaning could I hope for succor, although towards you I felt
D. is written in a poetic and serious style no sentiment but that of hatred. Unfeeling, heartless
creator! You had endowed me with perceptions and
RATIO: passions and then cast me abroad an object for the
Miller’s play gave the importance to an scorn and horror of mankind. But on you only had I
ordinary salesman who was opposite to the character any claim for pity and redress, and from you I
in a traditional play. determined to seek that justice which I vainly
attempted to gain from any other being that wore the
90. He holds the distinction of being the first Asian to human form.-from Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley
receive the Nobel Prize for literature. 92. The narrator of this passage is _____.
A. Wole Soyinka A. Victor C. the monster
B. Yasunari Kawabata B. Elizabeth D. the author
C. Po Chu-I
D. Rabindranath Tagore RATIO:
The clues “you were my father, my creator,” and
RATIO: “then cast me abroad an object for the scorn and
Tagore won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1913. horror of mankind”indicate that wasthe monster who
91. Which outline correctly organizes and categorizes was speaking.
information pertaining to the work of William
Shakespeare? 93. “A part of its orb was at length hid, and I waved
my brand; it sank, and with a loud scream I fired the
A. I. Plays straw, and heath, and bushes, which I had collected.”-
a. Tragedies from Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley
1. King Lear… Which of the following is a correct restatement of the
b. Histories above?
1. Richard III… A. When my branding iron sank, I screamed and shot
c. Comedies at the bushes.
1. Twelfth Night… B. When the moon set, I screamed and burned the
II. Poems cottage.
C. When I could not find the orb, I screamed and
B. I. Plays kicked at the straw and the bushes.
a. Tragedies D. I waited until the sun set, then I screamed and set
1. Hamlet… fire to the forest.
b. Poems
1. My Mistress’ Eyes… RATIO:
c. Comedies The orb described here is the moon.
1. All’s Well That Ends Well…
II. Histories 94. A Marxist interpretation of “Waiting for Godot”
would probably focus on _____.
C. I. Plays A. the poverty and despair of its working-class
a. Tragedies characters
1. Comedies B. the use of archetypes in the portrayals of the
b. Histories characters
1. Henry V… C. the power imbalances in the relationships of the
c. Poems characters
1. Not Marble Nor the Gilded Monuments… D. the reliance of the two main characters on the
II. The Tempest eventual arrival of a “savior”

D. I. Plays RATIO:
a. Tragedies Marxist theory is that all relationships are
1. Hamlet… power relationships, based on economic class
b. Histories standing.
1. King Lear…
c. Comedies 95. In paragraph below, the characters, Mandy Ringer
1. Titus Adronicus… and Dr. Clevenger, are mentioned in order to
II. Poems
emphasize which point about “Sapphira and the Slave
Girl”?
A. A number of the characters in the novel are based
on people Cather knew in her childhood.
B. The novel displays Cather’s mixed feelings about
slavery.
C. Cather took four years to complete the novel
because she carefully researched her characters.
D. One of Cather’s purposes in writing the novel was
to paint a full portrait of life in rural Virginia in the
years
before the Civil War.
E. The characters in the novel are portrayed in a
positive light since Cather was a great admirer of the
old South.
The following passage analyzes one of Willa Cather’s
(1873-1947) novels.
Sapphira and the Slave Girl was the last novel
of Willa Cather’s illustrious literary career. Begun in
the late summer of 1937 and finally completed in
1941, it is often regarded by critics as one of her most
personal works. Although the story takes place in
1856, well before her birth, she drew heavily on vivid
childhood memories and tales handed down by older
relatives to describe life in rural northern Virginia in
the middle of the 19th century. She even went on an
extended journey to the area to give the story a
further ring of authenticity.
Of all Cather’s many novels, Sapphira and the
Slave Girl is the one most concerned with providing
an overall picture of day-to-day life in a specific era. A
number of the novel’s characters, it would seem, are
included in the story only because they are
representative of the types of people to be found in
19th-century rural Virginia; indeed, a few of them play
no part whatsoever in the unfolding of the plot. For
instance, we are introduced to a poor white woman,
Mandy Ringer, who is portrayed as intelligent and
content, despite the fact that she has no formal
education and must toil constantly in the fields. And
we meet Dr. Clevenger, a country doctor who, with
his patrician manners, evokes a strong image of the
pre-Civil War South.
The title, however, accurately suggests that
the novel is mainly about slavery. Cather’s attitude
toward this institution may best be summed up as
somewhat ambiguous. On the one hand, she displays
almost total indifference to the legal and political
aspects of slavery when she misidentifies certain
crucial dates in its growth and development. Nor
does she ever really offer a direct condemnation, of
slavery. Yet, on the other hand, the evil that was
slavery gets through to us, albeit in typically subtle
ways. Those characters, like Mrs. Blake, who oppose
the institution are portrayed in a sympathetic light.
Furthermore, the suffering of the slaves themselves
and the pretty, nasty, often cruel, behavior of the
slaveowners are painted in stark terms.
Although Sapphira and the Slave Girl was
certainly not meant to be a political tract, the novel is
sometimes considered to be a denunciation of bygone
days. Nothing could be further from the truth. In spite
of her willingness to acknowledge that particular
aspects of the past were far from ideal, Willa Cather
was, if anything, a bit of a romantic. Especially in the
final years of her life, an increasing note of anger
about the emptiness of the present crept into her
writings. Earlier generations, she concluded, had
been the real heroes, the real creators of all that was
good in America.
RATIO:
The author mentions two characters who are
included mainly to help complete Cather’s portrait of
rural Virginia. D is a good match and is the correct
answer.
96. In context, “a bit of a romantic” suggests that
Willa Cather ____.
A. condemned the evils of slavery
B. favored the past over the present
C. disliked writing about life in the 1030s
D. denounced certain aspects of the 19th-century life
E. exaggerated the evils of earlier generations
RATIO:
The last paragraph refers to Cather as “a bit of
a romantic” who cherished past creativity over the
present emptiness.
97. The works of Charles Dickens, Harriet Beecher
Stowe, and Upton Sinclair _______.
A. examined 19th-century cultural values
B. broke with the literary traditions of the past
C. fought against the mistreatment of the working
class
D. awakened readers to social wrongs
RATIO:
D is the only choice general enough to apply to all
three authors.
98. The writing style used by Salman Rushdie and
Gabriel Garcia Marquez is most often referred to as
_______.
A. Stream of Consciousness C. Social Realism
B. Magical Realism D. Minimalism
RATIO:
Marquez and Rushdie share a writing style which is
“Magical Realism
99. At the border of two countries there is a port
where fishermen work. The fishermen do not speak
the same language, so they communicate using one
that has been invented by them for the purpose of
trade. This scenario above most accurately describes
which of the following types of language?
A. dialect B. creole
C. pidgin D. regionalism
RATIO:
A pidgin is a simplified language that
develops as a means of communication between two
or more groups that do not have a language in
common.
100. He is known as the sky and thunder god in
ancient Greek religion, who ruled as king of the gods
and goddesses of Mt. Olympus
A. Hephaestus B. Zeus
C. Poseidon D. Hades
RATIO:
In Greek mythology, Zeus is the God of the sky, the
ruler of the Olympian gods, and spiritual father of
gods and mortals. The Roman equivalent is Jupiter.
101. The Titanomachy was a ten-year series of
battles fought in Thessaly, also known as the War of
the Titans, Battle of the Titans, Battle of the Gods, or
just the Titan War. Zeus freed his brothers and sisters
from their father, Cronus. This shows that the Greeks
value _____.
I. bravery
II. respect
III. persistence
IV. change
A. 1 and II only B. II and III only
C. 1 and IV only D. II and IV only
RATIO:
Zeus rescued his brothers and sisters, and
then started a war against his father, and the Titans.
Their winning was greatly attributed to Zeus. As a
sign of respect for Zeus bravery he was considered as
the ruler of Mt. Olympus.
102. In the Middle Ages and Renaissance, it was
commonly described asa symbol of purity and grace,
which could only be captured by a virgin.
A. Troll B. Dragon
C. Kappa D. Unicorns
RATIO:
In the Middle Ages and Renaissance, unicorn was
commonly described as an extremely wild woodland
creature, a symbol of purity and grace, which could
only be captured by a virgin.
103. He was a fearless warrior &and king who one
day saw the emptiness of his life and turned his back
on it, becoming a wanderer and sadhu. He refused to
return to the world that is why he is often alluded to
as having refused the responsibility.
A. King Minos B. King Muchukunda
C. King Rama D. Jason
RATIO:
Muchukunda (cited in Mahabarata&Parunas)
saw the emptiness of his life and turned his back on
it, becoming a wanderer and sadhu. He refused to
return to the world.
104. The story of Cupid and Psyche depicts undying
and devotion. What was Psyche’s mistake that
according to Cupid was a betrayal?
A. Psyche got infatuated with Zues.
B. Psyche believed her sisters persuasion that her
lover was an ugly beast and would kill her.
C. Psyche disobeyed her husband when she
enlightened his face in the middle of the night.
D. Psyche left the house without her husband
permission.
PART of the STORY:
Psyche had not yet seen her destined husband, Cupid.
He came only in the hours of darkness and fled before
the dawn of morning, but his accents were full of
love, and inspired a like passion in her. She often
begged him to stay and let her behold him, but he
would not consent. Her sisters who also were curious
told her that her husband was a monster that was
why he would not allow reveal himself. So, one night
when her husband had fallen into his first sleep, she
silently rose and uncovering her lamp beheld not a
hideous monster, but the most beautiful and
charming of the gods, with his golden ringlets
wandering over his snowy neck and crimson cheek,
with two dewy wings on his shoulders, whiter than
snow, and with shining feathers like the tender
blossoms of spring.
105. Anthropomorphism is the attribution of a
human form, human characteristics, or human
behaviour to nonhuman things, e.g. deities in
mythology and animals in children’s stories. What
trait is this?
A. Anthropomorphic B. Ethereal
C. God-like D. Anthropocentrism
RATIO:
Anthropomorphism is the showing or treating of
animals, gods, and objects as if they are human in
appearance, character, or behaviour:
106. Philippine mythology and superstitions are very
diverse. It includes a collection of tales and
superstitions about magical creatures and entities
like _____
A. kapre, aswang, matruculan, duwende, tiyanak, etc.
B. sirena, syokoy, dugong, etc.
C. cherubs, Seraphims, Cherubims, thrones, guardian
angels, etc.
D. Malakas at Maganda, Maria Makiling, etc.
RATIO:
To this day, Philippine myths still have an active role
in the lives of rural Filipinos. The countless myths
circulating throughout the Filipino countryside
contain a large variety of mythical creatures.
107. In Greek mythology, she was the most beautiful
woman in the world. A daughter of the god Zeus*, she
is best known for the part she played in causing the
Trojan War.Some scholars suggest that she was also a
very ancient goddess associated with trees and birds.
A. Penelope, queen of Ithaca
B. Persephone, queen of the underworld
C. Helen of Troy
D. Hera, queen of Olympus
RATIO:
The mythological background of the Trojan
war,Helen wasthe most beautiful mortal woman in
the world.
108. When Paris abducted Helen to Troy, all the
Greek princes were bound by the oath to help
Menelaus recover Helen. Athena and Hera who were
not chosen by Paris sided with the Greeks who sent
one thousand ships to Troy to. What does this
indicate?
A. Serious decisions have serious consequences.
B. Paris was wrong in choosing Aphrodite as winner.
C. Hera and Athena harboured ill feelings.
D. Zeus ordered the goddesses to take side in the war.
109. He was the son of Zeus and Leto, twin brother of
Artemis. He was the god of music, and he is often
depicted playing a golden lyre. He was also known as
the Archer, far shooting with a silver bow; the god of
healing, giving the science of medicine to man; the
god of light; and the god of truth.
A. Mars B. Neptune
C. Jupiter D. Apollo
RATIO:
Apollo, in Greek and Roman mythology, is the god of
prophecy, sunlight, music, and healing. He was the
son of Zeus and Leto, and Artemis was his twin sister.
110. Which of the following is the best description of
traditional phonics instruction?
A. Students study lists of high-frequency words in
order to increase reading speed and comprehension.
B. Students are taught individual letter sounds and
the rules of combining the sounds together to make
words
C. Students are immersed in written language, and is
encourage to decode entire words using context
clues.
D. Students analyze patterns of organization and
syntax as a way of learning to recognize common
structures.
RATIO:
B is a typical definition of traditional phonics
instruction.
111. A student is conducting a research project and
has learned of a website that may have useful
information. The domain extension for the site is .org.
Which of the following assumptions about the
website is correct?
A. All of the information on the site is current.
B. The site has been evaluated for bias and might
belong to a profit agency..
C. The site might belong to a nonprofit agency.
D. The author of the site is well respected in his or
field.
RATIO:
The .org extension means that the site may belong to
a nonprofit organization.
112. In preparation for a writing unit on short stories,
a teacher presents students with several examples of
short stories and works with them to identify
defining characteristics of the genre. Which of the
following best describes this instructional strategy?
A. conferencing
B. discipline-based inquiry
C. self-regulated strategy development
D. introduction-body-conclusion strategy
RATIO:
Discipline-based inquiry is the practice of learning
about a writing form by dissecting it and
investigating its parts.
113. In a holistic evaluation of student essays,
evaluations are made on the basis of the _____
A. overall quality of number and variety of errors
made by each student
B. overall quality of number of sentences, length and
complexity demonstrated in each essay
C. overall ability of each student to communicate in a
variety of discourse modes
D. overall quality of each student’s essay in relation
to the topic
RATIO
Holistic evaluation is based on the integration of
different elements of writing.
114. What literary theory or approach is shown in the
following passage?
A. Feminist Criticism
B. Psychoanalytic Theory
C. Reader-Response Criticism
D. Romantic Theory
The difficulties involved in the governess’s effort to
create a space for herself outside of patriarchal
boundaries are metaphorically represented in her
struggle for the children. While she believes she is
engaged in a battle with the ghosts for the children’s
souls, she is also, symbolically, involved in
overcoming patriarchal definitions of womanhood.
Rejecting the ineffectual role played by Mrs. Grose,
the respectable matron character, the governess
attempts to define herself against the sexualized
whose figure, Miss Jessel, as she tries, to supplant the
male-authority figure, Peter Quint. Neitherof these
roles can help her in her struggle for a subject
position, however, as is made clear when the
governess cannot replace Miss Jessel for Flora, or
Quint for Miles.
RATIO:
Feminist Literary Criticism as shown in the
paragraph focuses on the representation of women in
literature.
115. What literary theory or approach is shown in the
following passage?
A. Marxist Literary theory
B. Psychoanalytic Theory
C. Postmodern Literary Theory
D. Deconstruction
Not only James’s governess fit the classic
profile of the female sexual hysteric, she also
experiences the “hysterical fit” observed by turn-of-
the-century clinicians. That her first hallucination
precipitates a “nervous explosion” of some intensity
is clear from her own account. Like that of the classic
hysteric, her “mental activity...is split up, and only a
part of it is conscious.” Her initial fantasy of her
handsome employer is conscious, but his
transformation into a figure embodying her fear of
sexuality is generated by deep-rooted unconscious
inhibitions.
RATIO:
Psychoanalytic Theory focuses more about
the author’s life than the reader’s life.
116. What literary theory or approach is shown in the
following passage?
A. Deconstruction
B. Psychoanalytic Theory
C. Reader-Response Criticism
D. Marxist Literary Theory
What is even more troublesome is
disagreement among critics about just what
standards are to be applied. Two “straight” readers,
seeing the ghosts as real and the story as an attempt
to “turn the screws” of horror as thrillingly as
possible, might flatly disagree with each other about
whether the literary experience of thrilling horror is
good or bad for “us,” or for a given immature reader,
or for a former governess now incarcerated in a
mental institution.
Because of all this variety, we have to ask our
questions as if we were dealing not with one The
Turn of the Screw but many different ones.
RATIO:
In Reader-Response Criticism,literature has no fixed-
single meaning.
117 (60 something). If a teacher uses only basal
readers for teachings her students to read, she is
most likely believes in _____.
Primarily a whole language approach
Primarily a phonics approach
A mixture of a whole language and phonics
Individualized reading instruction
RATIO:
Most of basal readers are phonics-based.
118.A parent walks into a classroom and sees the
children in groups, each gathered around a poster
board. The children are writing ideas on the poster
board in what looks like graffiti (writing on walls) to
the parent. When the parent asks the teacher what
the children are doing, the teacher is likely to explain
that ___.
A. this is playtime, and the children need playtime
because recess has been taken out of the program
B. the children are involved in brainstorming, which
is part of the prewriting stage of the writing process
C. invented spelling and graffiti type expression is
important to the child’s development
D. the children are creating final versions of posters
to be displayed in the school fair.
RATIO:
The scenario describes the prewriting activity of
brainstorming.
119. Each of the following is an effective strategy for
a teacher who is facilitating a whole-class discussion
EXCEPT _____.
A. having the students sit in a circle instead of
traditional rows
B. breaking the class into smaller discussion groups
before concluding the whole-class discussion
C. pausing and allowing silence to promote student
participation
D. ensuring that all questions require simple-
sentence answers
RATIO:
D is the only option that does NOT help a
teacher facilitate a whole class discussion.
120. Which of the following activities will best help a
teacher collect data that will inform instruction to
meet the individual needs of students?
A. concentric circles
B. K-W-L chart
C. book pass
D. reciprocal teaching
RATIO:
The K-W-L chart can be used to document
what students know, what they want to know, and
what they learned.
121. When doing a cloze (fill-in-the-blank) activity,
the teacher should _____.
A. leave the first and the last sentence intact
B. give students the freedom to make up the first and
last sentences
C. spell words wrong to see if the students can catch
them
D. always use the first paragraph of the book
RATIO:
A is correct as it is the first rule of using an
interactive cloze activity.
122. The main reason for doing a cloze (fill-in-the-
blank) activity with the children before reading a
book is for the purpose of providing a/an _____.
A. familiarity and identification of the characters in
the book for comprehension
B. setting for the book to serve for the students to
want to read the book
C. anticipatory set that will make the children be
curious enough to want to read the book
D. worksheet to grade that shows the students’
vocabulary development
RATIO:
The purpose of a cloze-activity is to get the students
interested in the story and thus want to read.
123. Which of the following best expresses the
author’s attitude toward Lord Russell’s definition of a
proverb?
A. dismissive
B. sceptical
C. exuberant
D. favorable
E. Loyal
Proverbs are hard to define, but one could do worse
than the pithy definition offered by an 18th-century
British statesman, Lord John Russell. A proverb,
Russell is said to have remarked at breakfast, is “one
man’s wit and all men’s wisdom.” Proverbs have been
identified in all the world’s spoken languages, and –
unlike Lord Russell’s adage – they are almost always
anonymous. Interestingly, similar sayings seem to
have developed independently in many parts of the
world. For example, the English saying, “A bird in the
hand is worth two in the bush,” has counterparts in
Romania, Spain, and Iceland.
RATIO:
The author cites Russell’s definition because
he considers it a good one.
124. What type of sonnet is illustrated Milton’s poem
“When I Consider How My Light Is Spent?
When I Consider How My Light Is Spent
When I consider how my light is spent,
Ere half my days in this dark world and wide,
And that one talent which is death to hide
Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent
To serve therewith my Maker, and present
My true account, lest He returning chide;
“Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?”
I fondly ask. But Patience, to prevent
That murmur, soon replies, “God doth not need
Either man’s work or His own gifts. Who best
Bear His mild yoke, they serve Him best. His state
Is kingly: thousands at His bidding speed,
And post o’er land and ocean without rest;
They also serve who only stand and wait.”
A. Elizabethan
B. Petrarchan
C. English
D. Spenserian
RATIO:
Petrarchan sonnet is form of poetry that has an 8-line
stanza with the rhyme scheme abbaabba followed by
6 lines with various rhyme schemes, usually cdcdcd
or cdede.
125. He is the pioneer in serial literature which is a
printed format by which a single larger work, often a
work of narrative fiction is published in sequential
installments.
A. Ernest Hemingway
B. Arthur Miller
C. Charles Dickens
D. Rudyard Kipling
RATIO:
Charles Dickens pioneered the serial publication.
126. Using the Romantic Theory, the similitude and
dissimilitude in this poem is _____.
A. beauty in isolation
B. humility in pride
C. abundance in poverty
D. enjoyment in despair
She Dwelt Among TheUntrodden Ways
William Wordsworth
She dwelt among the untrodden ways
Beside the springs of Dove,
A maid whom there were none to praise
And very few to love:
A violet by a mossy stone
Half hidden from the eye!
Fair as a star, when only one
Is shining in the sky.
She lived unknown, and few could know
When Lucy ceased to be;
But she is in her grave, and oh,
The difference to me!
RATIO:
Lucy was not well-known, she had few friends, but
she made a difference in the life of the speaker.
Themetaphor portrays Lucy’s beauty that only a few
saw.
127. The use of the imagination is evident in the
poem through the employment simply of _____.
A. synecdoche and metonymy
B. personification and hyperbole
C. allusion and litotes
D. simile and metaphor
RATIO:
The second stanza uses simile and metaphor.
128.The romantic theorists will like the poem
because _____.
A. the subject matter is relatively simple,
straightforward language
B. it emphasizes the importance of nature as a whole
C. it illustrates the important lesson in life
D. the use of literary devices in the poem is very
interesting
RATIO:
For Romantic theorist, the subject matter and
the language of a poem should be simple.
129. Based from the poem, a reader can infer that
Romantic poets such Wordsworth sees
A. the city is more romantic than the country
B. the city is a place of vice and other worldly things
C. the country is a place of virtue
D. the country is the most ideal since it is near the
nature
RATIO:
The surroundings described in the poem are rural.
130. Which stanza implies that Lucy is an interesting
woman?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. None of the above
RATIO:
The word “springs” is associated with life and purity.
ANSWER KEY a. Emily Dickinson c. Thomas Stearns Elliot
1C 2A 3A 4D 5D 6B 7D 8B 9C 10A 11A 12B Lowell
13C 14B 15A 16C 17A 18C 19D 20B 21B 22 C b. John Steinbeck d. James Rusell
23C 24D 25C 26B 27C 28D 29C 30C 31B 32A 33D
34B 35D 36B 37B 38B 39A 40C 41D 42A 43D 44C 10. Which of the following is an incorrect
45A 46B 47B 48A 49B 50C 51D 52A 53A 54B 55C representation of the Scarlet Letter throughout the
56A 57D 58C 59B 60B 61D 62C 63A 64D 65D 66B course of the
67C 68D 69A 70C 71C 72D 73B 74A 75C 76A 77D novel?
78B 79A 80B 81B 82D 83C 84A 85D 86B 87C 88C a. Able c. Angel
89C 90D 91A 92C 93B 94C 95D 96B 97D 98B 99C b. Avowal d. Adulteress
100B 101A 102D 103B 104C 105A 106A 107C 108C
109D 110B 111C 112B 113D 114A 115B 116C 117B 11. This one is made from ersatz coloring. ERZATS
118B 119D 120B 121A 122C 123D 124B 125C means:
126A 127D 128A 129C 130A a. Genuine c. Artificial
b. Authentic d. Real
GENERAL ENGLISH
12. Spot the correct word to complete the analogy.
1. “Of man’s first disobedience , and the fruit/Of that Donkey & Horse:Mule::Lion & Tiger:
forbidden tree” is the opening to: a. Panther c. Thrag
a. Paradise Lost by John Milton b. Leopard d. Liger
b. The Vision of Delight by Ben Jonson
c. The Fairie Quenne by Edmund Spenser 13. Which is NOT synonym for ‘sleepy’?
d. The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan a. Soporific c. Hyperbolic
b. Somnolent d. Lethargic
2. The Picture of Dorian Gray is a novel by whose
author? 14. Guest house rooms must be _________ by noon.
a. Oscar Wilde c. John Steinbeck a. Vacated c. Abandoned
b. Edgar Allan Poe d. Rudyard Kipling b. Evacuated d. Left

3. Who was the captain of the Nautilus in “20 000 15. Which is NOT synonym for ‘gathering’?
Leagues Under the Sea”? a. Contesseration c. Collocation
a. Nemo c. Ahab b. Conjuration d. Colligation
b. Boneville d. Smith
16. Complete the analogy. Obese : Fat :: Polydactyl:
4. What canon of religious literature was finally, a. Wives/husbands c. Arms/legs
firmly fixed at the end of 4th century AD? b. Fingers/toes d. Brothers/sisters
a. The Hebrew Bible c. The New Testament
b. The Mishnah d. The Koran 17. The President is a loquacious speaker.
LOQUACIOUS means:
5. Who wrote the novel “The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll a. Reserved c. Taciturn
and Mr Hyde”? b. Reticent d. Verbose
a. William Golding c. D.H. Lawrence
b. Robert Louis Stevenson d. Herman Hesse 18. Which word is defined by: A great fire, as of many
buildings, a forest, or the like?
6. “No smoking during the cigarette break.” What a. Consanguineous c. Blizzard
kind of figure of speech was used? b. Conflagration d. Chaos
a. Irony c. asyndeton
b. Oxymoron d. synecdoche 19. You eat like a horse when
________________________________.
7. The Greek dramatist authored “Alcestis” and a. Get used to something new c. Have a healthy
“Andromache.” apetite
a. Homer c. Virgil b. Drink large quantities of alcohol d. Run fast
b. Euripides d. Sophocles
20. Unless we find a witness to corroborate your
8. In the 23rd century BC, Sargon of Akkad conquered evidence, it will not stand courts. CORROBORATE
Mesopotamia, and became the subject of legends. It means:
is from a Sumerian legend that we learn how Sargon a. Negate c. Collaborate
established himself as the cupbearer of the king of b. Confirm d. Interpret
Kish in Sumer. What aerly form of writing did the
Sumerians invent? 21. Which word sound different?
a. Cuneiform c. Oracle Bone Inscriptions a. Fret c. Sweat
b. Hieroglyphics d. Native Signs b. Depth d. Treat

9. “Memory” is the standard song of Cats musical by 22. “Cat” is written in phonemic IPA transcription as:
Andrew Lloyd Weber. He based his play on Old a. /kæt/ c. /kait/
Possum’s Book of Practical Cats by whose author? b. /kot/ d. /k^t/
23. The IPA transcription “/dz^mt/” means: 34. Homophones are:
a. Waited c. Kissed a. Two or more words that share the same meaning
b. Jumped d. Wished but have different pronunciations
b. Two or more words that share the same
24. Which of the following job has the stress on the pronunciation but have different spellings
first syllable? c. Two or more words that share the same
a. Photographer c. Biologist pronunciation but have different meanings
b. Psychiatrist d. Secretary d. Two or more words that share the same spelling
but have different meanings
25. Which word has a different vowel sound?
a. Melt c. Breathe 35. If the world on January 1, 2010 _______________,
b. Wealth d. Health some people wouldn’t have been surprised.
a. was ending c. had ended
26. Which of the following words DOES NOT contain b. ended d. have ended
(voiceless th)?
a. Teeth c. Health 36. I’ll _____________ their cat while they are away in
b. Mouth d. Breathe holiday.
a. be looking over c. be looking into
27. Which word DOES NOT rhyme with the others? b. be looking at d. be looking after
a. Sew c. Due
b. Through d. Do 37. Which of the following sentences is preferable?
a. The project lasted only three months.
28. Which of these capitalized words do NOT rhyme? b. The project lasted three months only.
a. I know it CLEAR. c. It shows, it’s a SHEER truth. c. The only project lasted three months.
b. That’s not easy to BEAR. d. Let’s give a CHEER. d. The project only lasted three months.

29. Which of the following does NOT belong?
a. Worked c. Walled
b. Watched d. Walked
30. The movie was ________ the book.
a. as c. good as
b. as good as d. as good
31. Which of the following sentences is punctuated
correctly?
a. He worked all night; therefore, he was able to finish
the report in time.
b. He worked all night, therefore, he was able to finish
the report in time.
c. He worked all night therefore he was able to finish
the report in time.
d. He worked all night, therefore he was able to finish
the report in time.
32. Select the sentence with the most appropriate
order of adverbs and adverbial phrases.
a. Ramonita prays at St. Matthew’s Church fervently
for her grandmother’s recovery.
b. Ramonita prays fervently at St. Matthew’s Church
for her grandmother’s recovery.
c. Ramonita prays fervently for her grandmother’s
recovery at St. Matthew’s Church.
d. Any one of the choices is fine.
33. Select the sentence with the most appropriate
order of modifiers.
a. My father was in Cebu born in the backroom of a
bakery.
b. My father was born in Cebu in the bakery of a
backroom.
c. My father was born in the backroom in a bakery of
Cebu.
d. My father was born in the backroom of a bakery in
Cebu.
38. The PAGASA officials often talk about ____________
because it’s so changeable.
a. some c. the weather
b. a weather d. some weather
39. Martha is one of the few people who ______ how to
operate the equipment.
a. known c. know
b. knows d. knew
40. Madonna’s agent __________ change her name at the
start of her career.
a. made her to c. made her
b. made d. have made her to
41. Researchers suggest that there are creatures that
do not know what light means at the bottom of the
sea. They don’t have either eyes or ears; they can
only feel. There is no day or night for them. There are
no winters, no summers, no sun, no moon, and no
stars. It is as if a child spent its life in darkness in bed,
with nothing to see or hear. How different our own
life is! Sight shows us the ground beneath our feet
and the heavens above us – the sun, the moon, and
stars, shooting stars, lightning, and the sunset. It
shows us day and night. We are able to hear voices,
the sound of the sea, and music. We feel, we taste,
we smell. How fortunate we are! Judging from this
passage, we can say that this story is mainly about
______________________.
a. How changes in the seasons are perceived by the
deep-sea creatures
b. The superiority of human beings over some
creatures in terms of senses
c. Life of sea creatures at the bottom of the sea
d. The differences among creatures of the earth and
those of the sea
42. (Refer to no. 41) We discover that the sea
creatures in the story _______________.
a. Live in darkness because no light reaches to the
bottom
b. Hear the sounds of the ocean
c. Do not hear the sound of sea as they are
accustomed to it
d. Have no sense of hearing as well as sight do not
hear the sound of sea as they are accustomed to it
43. (Refer to no. 41) In the passage a child in
darkness is likened to _______________.
a. A deaf child unaffected by the environment
b. A sea creature with no seeing or hearing ability
c. A perfect sleeper, for there is no sound around to
hear
d. Someone who lives where there are no reasons
44. Any criminal justice system is an apparatus that
society uses to enforce the standards of conduct
necessary to protect individuals and the community.
It operates by apprehending, prosecuting,
convicting, sentencing these members of the
community who violate the basic rules of group
existence.
The action taken against law breakers is designed to
serve three purposes beyond the immediately
punitive one. It removes dangerous people from the
community; it deters others from criminal behavior
and it gives society an opportunity to attempt to
transform lawbreakers into law -abiding citizens. We
understand from the passage that the basic aim of
criminal justice is ___________________.
a. Educate lawbreakers
b. To define socially accepted behavior
c. To renew, as necessary, the traditions and customs
of society
d. The protection of society and its individuals
45. (Refer to no. 45) According to the passage,
prosecution is ________________.
a. Actually the removal of lawbreakers from the
community
b. Not to be considered the vital part of the criminal
justice system
c. One of the stages in the operation of criminal
justice
d. Considered with the transformation of criminal
justice
46. (Refer to no. 45) It is pointed out in the passage
that one of the effects of the criminal justice system is
to _________________.
a. Investigate the reasons behind criminal behavior
b. Take immediate action against the community
c. Prevent the enforcement of capital punishment
d. Give guidelines for group existence
47. The poetic expressiveness and creativity of
Japanese women poets of the Manyoshu era is
generally regarded as a manifestation of the freedom
and relatively high political and economic status
women of that era enjoyed. During the Heian Period
(A.D. 794 – 1185) which followed, Japanese women
became increasingly relegated to domestic roles
under the influence of Buddhism and Confucianism,
which excluded women from the political and
economic arenas. Yet, since poetry of the period came
to be defined solely as short lyrical poetry, known as
waka, and became the prevailing means of expressing
love, women continued to excel in and play a central
role in the development of classical Japanese
poetry. Moreover, while official Japanese documents
were written in Chinese, the phonetic alphabet
kana was used for poetry. Also referred to as onna
moji (women’s letter), kana was not deemed
sufficiently sophisticated for use by Japanese men,
who continued to write Chinese poetry, increasingly
for expressing religious ideas and as an intellectual
pastime. Chinese poetry ultimately yielded, then, to
waka as the mainstream of Japanese poetry. Based on
the passage, mainstream Japanese poetry of the
Heian period can best be described as
___________________.
a. More refined than the poetry of the Manyoshu era
b. Sentimental in nature and lyrical in style
c. Written primarily for a female audience
d. An outgrowth of Buddhism and Confucianism
48. (refer to no. 47) Which of the following
statements about kana finds the LEAST support in
the passage?
a. It was used in Japan after A.D. 793
b. It was considered inappropriate for austere subject
matter
c. It was used primarily by Japanese women
d. It was for Japanese poetry but not for Japanese
prose
49. (refer to no. 47) The author’s primary purpose in
the passage is to ______________.
a. Trace the influence of religion on the development
of Japanese poetry
b. Refute a common explanation for the role of
women in the development of Japanese poetry
c. Provide an explanation for the role of women in the
development of Japanese poetry
d. Identify the reasons for the popularity of a distinct
form of literary expression in Japan
50. The song “No Man is an Island” mirrors:
a. Individualization c. Independence
b. Solitude d. Brotherhood
51. “Have a good bank account, a good cook, and a
good digestion”, Rousseau is pertaining to:
a. Security c. Duty
b. Family d. investment
52. In the “Fall of the House of Usher” what is the
name of the woman who is entomed alive?
a. Natalia Doggis c. Lady Madeline
b. Arwen d. Mary Usher
53. On the street of this position of God’s world I feel
neighbor to a rat, so brother of a worm; forever
chasing rainbows at muddy margins.” This line on
Quemada’s poem is saying that:
a. Life is fruitful c. Life is empty and meaningless
b. Life is not worth living d. Life is full of challenges
54. “Life is but a walking shadow, a pun player that She is smiling alone In the lamp light the withered
struts and frets… And is heard no more.” In this line, leaves Collect at my feet And the wind begins to
life is portrayed as: moan.
a. Passing c. Eternal This lines mean:
b. Goes by stages d. Has its end a. Confusion c. Loneliness
b. Optimism d. Eagerness
55. Read the passage below: Life, so they say is just a
game And they let it slip away Don’t let life slip away 66. Rizal gave the time of his death in this quotation:
Grasp it while you can We may never pass this way “I die when the dawn breaks to herald the day.” What
again. The passage implicates that: is the time of his death?
a. Grab the opportunity if it comes a. Sometime sunset c. Sometime in midnight
b. There is still a second life b. Sometime at dawn d. Sometime at noon
c. In the second, life will be gone
d. We will all die 67. This line is taken from one of the psalms in the
Bible: “The Lord is my shepherd: I shall not want…”
56. In which country does the story “The Pied Piper This line shows:
of Hamelin” take place? a. Poverty c. Total submission to God
a. France c. Germany b. Blind ignorance d. Love to self
b. England d. Russia
68. Which among the lines below has the same
57. “Nothing that happen in this world ever happens meaning as this statement: “Our commitments can
by chance; it is all part of a grand design.” This line is develop us or destroy us, but either way, they will
about a person’s _________________. define us.”
a. Dream c. Luck a. Flexible commitment is what we need today.
b. Destiny d. Ambition b. We must make full commitment to wordly goals.
c. Our lives are shaped by what we are committed to.
58. A light dramatic composition that uses highly d. Our commitments need not to be planned way
improbable situations, stereotyped characters, ahead.
extravagant exaggeration, and violent horseplay.
a. Comedy c. Satire 69. The space shuttle is as fast as the wind. This is an
b. Farce d. Parody example of:
a. Simile c. Personification
59. Into how many languages has “The Diary of Anne b. Metaphor d. Antithesis
Frank” been translated?
a. 53 c. 55 70. Which Russian novelist wrote “Anna Karenina”
b. 54 d. 56 and “War and Peace”?
a. Leo Tolstoy c. Vladimir Nabokov
60. Three of these books are written by the same b. Vladimir Mayakovsky d. Isaac Babel
person. Which one is NOT?
a. “The Fountainhead” c. “Animal Farm” 71. Analyze the given passage by Anatole France:
b. “We the Living” d. “Atlas Shrugged “Fish, which are put upon dry land, die, in the same
way, monks who leave their cells and mix with the
61. Which of the following sixteenth -century works world deviate from their holy purpose.” This passage
of English literature was translated into the English means:
language after its first publication in Latin? a. A man should stay only in his habitat.
a. Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus b. Death means living another life.
c. Thomas More’s Utopia c. Monks living out of the monastery violate their
b. William Shakespeare’s King Lear holiness.
d. William Shakespeare’s Sonnets d. Monks must always stay inside the monastery.

62. Who was the author of the famous storybook 72. The following taboo phrases were used by which
‘Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland’? writer? “I fart at thee”, “shit on your head”, “dirty
a. Rudyard Kipling c. Lewis Caroll bastard”
b. John Keats d. H.G. Wells a. Ben Johnson c. Ernest Hemmingway
b. William Shakespeare d. Henry James
63. Who was the 1st century BC poet and author of
“The Aeneid” serves as a guide in Dante’s “Inferno”? 73. Which abbreviation is a regular acronym?
a. Homer c. David a. enthuse c. econ (as in economics)
b. Virgil d. Rumi b. polysc d. AIDS

64. Which playwright introduced blank verse to the
stage with “Tamburlaine”?
a. Christopher Marlowe c. William Shakespeare
b. Ben Johnson d. Sir Thomas Malory
65. Read the following lines: Midnight, not a sound
from the pavement. Has the moon lost its memory
74. You have two business partners. You make
reference to one of them, Mark Louie Argosino, in an
e-mail to an associate. Which of the following
sentences is correctly punctuated?
a. My partner Mark Louie likes to read political
biographies.
b. My partner, Mark Louie, likes to read political 87. Which among these words has the [z] end sound?
biographies. a. Maps c. Buys
c. My partner, Mark Louie; likes to read political b. Laughs d. Jokes
biographies.
d. My partner; Mark Louie, likes to read political 88. Which is a compound word?
biographies. a. Salamander c. Enchilada
b. Eardrum d. Escapism
75. Which among these words has the [id] end
sound? 89. Which of the following words has the initial
a. mailed c. praised sound of the voiced post-alveolar affricate /
b. judged d. needed dʒ/?
a. Use c. Yet
76. Which among these words has the [sh] sound? b. Goose d. Gesture
a. measure c. usually
b. usury d. push 90. Which is a back formation?
77. Which acronym is an alphabetism? a. Goodness c. Enthuse
a. UN c. scuba b. Unknown d. Prof
b. NOW d. NATO
91. The smallest unit of sound that can be altered to
78. Which among these words has [zh] sound? change the meaning of a word is called a:
a. fish c. she a. Morpheme c. Phoneme
b. excursion d. chips b. Morphine d. Bound morpheme

79. __________ is the study of the structure and form of 92. Which word contains a bound root?
words in language or a language, including inflection, a. Rewrite c. Remit
derivation, and the formation of compounds. b. Rest d. Redo
a. Phonology c. Semantics
b. Phonetics d. Morphology 93. Whether |U| is pronounced as front or back and
whether rounded or unrounded depends on ______.
80. The English word “fig” is a: a. Vowel harmony c. Tone (Linguistics)
a. phoneme c. bound morpheme b. Epenthesis d. Palatalization
b. morpheme d. none of the above
94. The term “phoneme” as an __________ was
81. Which ED end sound is different? developed by the Polish linguist Jan Niecislaw
a. Signed c. wanted Baudouin de Courtenay and his student Mikolaj
b. Granted d. needed Kruszewski during 1875 – 1895.
a. Perception c. Concept
82. Because of the typhoon, a number of local b. Ontology d. Abstraction
businesses ________ closed yesterday.
a. were c. are 95. Which of the following is a complex word?
b. was d. is a. Teacher c. Salamander
b. Blackboard d. Tiger
83. Which among these words has the ending [d]
sound? 96. Which among these words has the [ae] sound?
a. Walked c. laughed a. Castle c. Carriage
b. Joked d. played b. Cabin d. Can

84. Which word contains a cranberry morph? 97. Which is a clipped word?
a. Apple c. Lukewarm a. Eggs c. Prof
b. Tiger d. Hunter b. Smog d. Scissor

85. The transcription [buké] is written in normal text 98. Which is an agglutination?
as: a. Triskaidekaphobia c. Irregardless
a. banquet c. bouquet b. Ward d. Antidisestablishmentarianism
b. book d. bulk
99. The earliest recorded syllables are on tablets
86. Which of the following is TRUE about languages? around 2800 BC in the Sumerian city of __________.
a. All languages use essentially the same number of a. Mesopotamia c. Babylon
sounds. b. Ur d. Babylonia
b. All native speakers of a language learn the basic
rules of grammar in school. 100. Which is a blend (portmanteau morpheme)?
c. While different languages may use different a. Scissors c. Trashcan
phonemes, they all essentially share the same syntax. b. Smog d. Polysci
d. None of the above
ANSWER KEY (GENERAL ENGLISH) b. Franz Kafka
c. Thomas Hardy
1A 2A 3A 4C 5B 6A 7B 8A 9C 10B 11C 12D d. Fyodor Dostoevsky
13D 14A 15A 16B 17A 18C 19C 20C 21D 22A 23B
24D 25C 26D 27A 28B 29C 30B 31A 32C 33D 34C 9. THE GREAT GATSBY
35C 36D 37A 38C 39C 40A 41B 42D 43B 44D 45B a. Ford MadoxFod
46A 47B 48D 49C 50D 51A 52C 53D 54D 55A 56C b. F. Scott Fitzgerald
57B 58B 59C 60C 61C 62C 63B 64A 65C 66B 67C 68C c. D.H. Lawrence
69A 70A 71A 72A 73D 74A 75D 76D 77A 78B 79D d. Joseph Condrad
80B 81A 82A 83D 84C 85C 86D 87C 88B 89D 90C
91C 92C 93A 94D 95A 96D 97C 98D 99B 100B 10. A PASSAGE TO INDIA is about the racial tensions
and prejudices between indigenous Indians and the
British colonists who rule India. Who wrote this
English LET REVIEWER (Literature) novel?
1. Identify the author of this literary work: MEN a. Virginia Woolf
WITHOUT WOMEN b. Oscar Wilde
a. Ernest Hemingway c. Jack London
b. Benjamin Disraeli d. E. M. Forster
c. Louis-Ferdinand Celine
d. E.M. Forster 11. MRS. DALLOWAY is a novel that details a day in
the life of Clarissa Dalloway in post-World War I
2. PILGRIMS PROGRESS was written by: England. Who is its author?
a. John Bunyan a. Virginia Woolf
b. Jack London b. Charlotte Bronte
c. Henry Fielding c. Mary Shelley
d. Stendhal d. Emily Bronte

3. DON QUIXOTE 12. ULYSSES chronicles the passage of Leopold Bloom

a. Gustave Flaubert through Dublin during an ordinary day, 16 June
b. Joseph Condrad 1904.The title alludes to Odysseus, the hero of
c. Miguel de Cervantes Homer’s Odyssey. Name the author of Ulysses.
d. D.H. Lawrence a. Anthony Trollope
b. Kenneth Grahame
4. Which of the following works by DANIEL DEFOE c. Laurence Strene
features a castaway who spends 28 years on a remote d. James Joyce
tropical island near Venezuela, encountering Native
Americans, captives, and mutineers before being 13. THE THIRTY-NINE STEPS features the adventures
rescued? of Richard Hannay, an all-action hero with a stiff
a. Memoirs of a Cavalier upper lip. Who wrote this novel?
b. Robinson Crusoe a. Honore De Balzac
c. Moll Flanders b. Samuel Richardson
d. Captain Singleton c. John Buchan
d. Thomas Love Peacock
5. VANITY FAIR is a novel satirizing society in early
19th-century Britain. Who wrote this classic? 14. THE GOOD SOLDIER’s original title was The
a. Daniel Defoe Saddest Story, but after the onset of World War I, the
b. Wikie Collins publishers asked its author for a new title. What is
c. Herman Melville the name of its author?
d. William Makepeace Thackeray a. Gustave Flaubert
b. Henry Fielding
6. JOURNEY TO THE END OF THE NIGHT c. Ford Madox Ford
a. Wikie Collins d. Samuel Richardson
b. Herman Melville 15. THE RAINBOW is a novel with a frank treatment
c. Louis-Ferdinand Celine of sexual desire and the power it plays within
d. Franz Kafka relationships as a natural and even spiritual force of
7. AS I LAY DYING life. Who is its author?
a. William Faulkner a. D. H. Lawrence
b. Jerome K. Jerome b. Jonathan Swift
c. Erskine Childers c. Alexandre Dumas
d. George Grosmith d. Daniel Defoe
8. THE TRIAL is a novel which tells the story of a man 16. IN THE SEARCH OF LOST TIME
arrested and prosecuted by a remote, inaccessible a. Laurence Sterne
authority, with the nature of his crime never revealed b. Marcel Proust
either to him or the reader. Who is the writer of this c. Jack London
novel? d. Thomas Hardy
a. Henry James
17. THE WIND IN THE WILLOWS is a classic of b. Jerome K. Jerome
children’s literature which was adapted partly on c. Laurence Stern
stage as Toad of Toad Hall in 1929. Name its author. d. Marcel Proust
a. Kenneth Grahame
b. E.M. Foster 25. DR. JEKYLL AND MR. HYDE is about a London
c. Thomas Hardy lawyer named Gabriel John Utterson who
d. Erskine Childers investigates strange occurrences between his old
friend, Dr Henry Jekyll, and the misanthropic Edward
18. NOSTROMO features Señor Gould, a native Hyde. Who is its author?
Costaguanero of English descent who owns the a. James Joyce
silver-mining concession in Sulaco. Name the author b. Jack London
of this novel. c. Robert Louis Stevenson
a. Joseph Condrad d. Stendhal
b. Samuel Richardson
c. George Elliot 26. Which of the following is a work of SAMUEL
d. Thomas Hardy LANGHORNE CLEMENS?
a. Animal Farm
19. THE CALL OF THE WILD is known for its dog b. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
protagonist. It is sometimes classified as a juvenile c. The Scarlet Letter
novel, suitable for children, but it is dark in tone and d. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
contains numerous scenes of cruelty and violence.
Who wrote this novel? 27. Which is a HENRY JAMES masterpiece?
a. Oscar Wilde a. Vanity Fair
b. Jack London b. The Portrait of Dorian Gray
c. Henry James c. The Portrait of a Lady
d. Kenneth Grahame d. David Copperfield

20. THE RIDDLE OF THE SANDS is an early example 28. Which novel features JOSEPHINE “JO” MARCH?
of the espionage novel, with a strong underlying a. Wuthering Heights
theme of militarism. It has been made into a film and b. Little Women
TV film. Who wrote this novel? c. Sense and Sensibility
a. Erskine Childers d. Scarlet Letter
b. William Faulkner
c. Jerome K. Jerome 29. Which is an HONORE DE BALZAC novel?
d. Honore De Balzac a. The Black Sheep
b. The Charterhouse of Parma
21. JUDE THE OBSCURE, include themes such as c. The Count of Monte Cristo
class, scholarship, religion, marriage, and the d. Dangerous Laisons
modernisation of thought and society. Name its
author. 30. Which of the following gothic authors wrote the
a. Samuel Richardson THE INTERVIEW WITH A VAMPIRE?
b. Franz Kafka a. Anne Rice
c. Thomas Hardy b. Mary Shelley
d. Joseph Condrad c. Bram Stoker
d. Gaston Leroux
22. THE DIARY OF A NOBODY has spawned the word
“Pooterish” to describe a tendency to take oneself KEY TO CORRECTION AND EXPLANATION
excessively seriously.Who is the author of this novel? 1. A- Men Without Women (1927) is a collection of
a. John Buchan short stories written by American author Ernest
b. George Grossmith Hemingway. The volume consists of fourteen stories,
c. Anthony Trollope ten of which had been previously published in
d. Samuel Richardson magazines. The story subjects include bullfighting,
infidelity, divorce and death. “The Killers”, “Hills Like
23. THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY is about a young White Elephants” and “In Another Country” are
man who sold his soul to the devil to ensure his considered to be among Hemingway’s best work.
portrait would age rather than himself. Which of the
following is its author? 2. A- The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World to That
a. Herman Melville Which Is to Come is a Christian allegory written by
b. Oscar Wilde John Bunyan and published in February, 1678. It is
c. Jonathan Swift regarded as one of the most significant works of
d. Wikie Collins religious English literature, has been translated into
more than 200 languages, and has never been out of
24. THREE MEN IN A BOAT was initially intended to print.
be a serious travel guide with accounts of local Pilgrim’s Progress is an allegory of a Christian’s
history along the route. Who wrote this novel? journey (here represented by a character called
a. Benjamin Disraeli ‘Christian’) from the “City of Destruction” to the
“Celestial City”. Along the way he visits such locations
as the Slough of Despond, Vanity Fair, the Doubting
Castle, and the Valley of the Shadow of Death.
3. C – Don Quixote, fully titled The Ingenious Hidalgo
Don Quixote of La Mancha, is a novel written by
Spanish author Miguel de Cervantes. Cervantes
created a fictional origin for the story by inventing a
Moorish chronicler for Don Quixote named
CideHameteBenengeli. Published in two volumes a
decade apart (in 1605 and 1615), Don Quixote is the
most influential work of literature from the Spanish
Golden Age in the Spanish literary canon.
4. B – ROBINSON CRUSOE was published in 1917, the
story was likely influenced by the real-life Alexander
Selkirk, a Scottish castaway who lived four years on
the Pacific island called “Más a Tierra” (in 1966 its
name was changed to Robinson Crusoe Island), Chile.
CAPTAIN SINGLETON (1720), is a bipartite
adventure story whose first half covers a traversal of
Africa, and whose second half taps into the
contemporary fascination with piracy. It has been
commended for its sensitive depiction of the close
relationship between the eponymous hero and his
religious mentor, the Quaker, William Walters, one
which appears homoerotic to many modern readers.
MEMOIRS OF A CAVALIER (1720) is a work of
historical fiction by Daniel Defoe, set during the
Thirty Years’ War and the English Civil Wars.
The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll
Flanders (commonly known as simply “MOLL
FLANDERS”) is a novel written by Daniel Defoe in
1722.
5. D – Vanity fair refers to a stop along the pilgrim’s
progress: a never-ending fair held in a town called
Vanity, which is meant to represent man’s sinful
attachment to worldly things. It was written by
William Makepeace Thackeray and was first
published in 1847.
6. C – Journey to the End of Night (Voyage au bout de
la nuit, 1932) is the first novel of Louis-Ferdinand
Céline. This semi-autobiographical work describes
antihero Ferdinand Bardamu. His surname, Bardamu,
is derived from the French words Barda—the “pack”
carried by World War I soldiers—and mu, the past
participle of the verb mouvoir, meaning to move.
Bardamu is involved with World War I, colonial
Africa, and post-World War I America (where he
works for the Ford Motor Company), returning in the
second half of the work to France, where he becomes
a medical doctor and establishes a practice in a poor
Paris suburb, the fictional La Garenne-Rancy.
7. A – As I Lay Dying is a novel by the American
author William Faulkner. The novel was written in six
weeks while Faulkner was working at a power plant,
published in 1930, and described by Faulkner as a
“tour-de-force.” It is Faulkner’s fifth novel and
consistently ranked among the best novels of 20th
century literature. The title derives from Book XI of
Homer’s The Odyssey, wherein Agamemnon speaks
to Odysseus: “As I lay dying, the woman with the
dog’s eyes would not close my eyes as I descended
into Hades.”
The novel is known for its stream of consciousness
writing technique, multiple narrators, and varying
chapter lengths; the shortest chapter in the book
consists of just five words, “My mother is a fish.”
8. B – The Trial (German: Der Prozeß) is a novel by
Franz Kafka, first published in 1925. Like his other
novels, The Trial was never completed, although it
does include a chapter which brings the story to an
end. After his death in 1924, Kafka’s friend and
literary executor Max Brod edited the text for
publication.
9. B – The Great Gatsby is a novel by the American
author F. Scott Fitzgerald. First published on April 10,
1925, it is set on Long Island’s North Shore and in
New York City during the summer of 1922. It is a
critique of the American Dream.
10. D – A Passage to India (1924) is a novel by E. M.
Forster set against the backdrop of the British Raj
and the Indian independence movement in the
1920s. It was selected as one of the 100 great works
of English literature by the Modern Library and won
the 1924 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction.
Time magazine included the novel in its “TIME 100
Best English-language Novels from 1923 to 2005”
11. A – Mrs. Dalloway (published on 14 May 1925) is
a novel by Virginia Woolf. It was created from two
short stories, “Mrs Dalloway in Bond Street” and the
unfinished “The Prime Minister”, the novel’s story is
of Clarissa’s preparations for a party of which she is
to be hostess. With the interior perspective of the
novel, the story travels forwards and back in time
and in and out of the characters’ minds to construct
an image of Clarissa’s life and of the inter-war social
structure.
12. D – Ulysses is a novel by the Irish author James
Joyce, first serialised in parts in the American journal
The Little Review from March 1918 to December
1920, then published in its entirety by Sylvia Beach
on 2 February 1922, in Paris. One of the most
important works of Modernist literature, it has been
called “a demonstration and summation of the entire
movement”.
13. C – The Thirty-Nine Steps is an adventure novel
by the Scottish author John Buchan, first published in
1915 by William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh. It
is the first of five novels featuring Richard Hannay, an
all-action hero with a stiff upper lip and a miraculous
knack for getting himself out of sticky situations.
14. C – The Good Soldier: A Tale of Passion is a 1915
novel by English novelist Ford Madox Ford. It is set
just before World War I and chronicles the tragedies
of the lives of two seemingly perfect couples. The
novel is told using a series of flashbacks in non-
chronological order, a literary technique pioneered
by Ford. It also makes use of the device of the
unreliable narrator, as the main character gradually
reveals a version of events that is quite different from
what the introduction leads you to believe. The novel
was loosely based on two incidents of adultery and
on Ford’s messy personal life.
15. A – The Rainbow is a 1915 novel by British author
D. H. Lawrence or David Herbert Richards Lawrence.
It follows three generations of the Brangwen family,
particularly focusing on the sexual dynamics of, and
relations between, the characters.
16. B – In Search of Lost Time or Remembrance of
Things Past is a semi-autobiographical novel in seven
volumes by Marcel Proust. His most prominent work,
it is popularly known for its extended length and the
notion of involuntary memory, the most famous
example being the “episode of the madeleine”. The
novel is still widely referred to in English as
Remembrance of Things Past, but the title In Search
of Lost Time, a more accurate rendering of the
French, has gained in usage since D.J. Enright’s 1992
revision of the earlier translation by C.K. Scott
Moncrieff and Terence Kilmartin. The complete story
contains nearly 1.5 million words and is one of the
longest novels ever written.
17. A – The Wind in the Willows is a classic of
children’s literature by Kenneth Grahame, first
published in 1908. Alternately slow moving and fast
paced, it focuses on four anthropomorphised animal
characters in a pastoral version of England. The novel
is notable for its mixture of mysticism, adventure,
morality, and camaraderie.
18. A –Nostromo is a 1904 novel by Polish-born
British novelist Joseph Conrad, set in the fictitious
South American republic of “Costaguana.” It was
originally published serially in two volumes of T.P.’s
Weekly.
19. B – The Call of the Wild is a 1903 novel by
American writer Jack London. The plot concerns a
previously domesticated dog named Buck, whose
primordial instincts return after a series of events
leads to his serving as a sled dog in the Yukon during
the 19th-century Klondike Gold Rush, in which sled
dogs were bought at generous prices.
20. A – The Riddle of the Sands: A Record of Secret
Service is a 1903 novel by Erskine Childers. It is a
novel that “owes a lot to the wonderful adventure
novels of writers like Rider Haggard, that were a
staple of Victorian Britain”; perhaps more
significantly, it was a spy novel that “established a
formula that included a mass of verifiable detail,
which gave authenticity to the story.
21. C – Jude the Obscure, the last of Thomas Hardy’s
novels, began as a magazine serial and was first
published in book form in 1895. The book was
burned publicly by William Walsham How, Bishop of
Wakefield, in that same year. Its hero, Jude Fawley, is
a working-class young man who dreams of becoming
a scholar. The two other main characters are his
earthy wife, Arabella, and his cousin, Sue.
22. B – The Diary of a Nobody, an English comic novel
written by George Grossmith and his brother
WeedonGrossmith with illustrations by Weedon, first
appeared in the magazine Punch in 1888 – 89, and
was first printed in book form in 1892. It is
considered a classic work of humour and has never
been out of print.
The diary is the fictitious record of fifteen months in
the life of Mr. Charles Pooter, a middle aged city clerk
of lower middle-class status but significant social
aspirations, living in the fictional ‘Brickfield Terrace’
in Upper Holloway which was then a typical suburb
of the impecuniously respectable kind. Other
characters include his wife Carrie (Caroline), his son
Lupin, his friends Mr Cummings and MrGowing, and
Lupin’s unsuitable fiancée, Daisy Mutlar.
23. B – The Picture of Dorian Gray is the only
published novel by Oscar Wilde, appearing as the
lead story in Lippincott’s Monthly Magazine on 20
June 1890, printed as the July 1890 issue of this
magazine. Wilde later revised this edition, making
several alterations, and adding new chapters; the
amended version was published by Ward, Lock, and
Company in April 1891. The title is sometimes
rendered incorrectly as The Portrait of Dorian Gray.
24. B – Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the
Dog), published in 1889, is a humorous account by
Jerome K. Jerome of a boating holiday on the Thames
between Kingston and Oxford.
One of the most praised things aboutthe novel is how
undated it appears to modern readers — the jokes
seem fresh and witty even today.
25. C – Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is the
original title of a novella written by the Scottish
author Robert Louis Stevenson and first published in
1886. The work is known for its vivid portrayal of a
split personality, split in the sense that within the
same person there is both an apparently good and an
evil personality each being quite distinct from the
other.
26. D – Samuel Langhorne Clemens is well known by
his pen name Mark Twain. He is noted for his novel
ADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY FINN (1884).
UNCLE TOM’S CABIN; or, Life Among the Lowly is a
novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe.
ANIMAL FARM is a novel by Eric Blair, commonly
known as George Orwell.
SCARLET LETTER is a novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne
also known as Ashley A. Royce.
27. C – THE PORTRAIT OF A LADY is a novel by
Henry James. It is one of his most popular long
novels, and is regarded by critics as one of his finest.
The Portrait of a Lady is the story of a spirited young
American woman, Isabel Archer, who “affronts her
destiny” and finds it overwhelming. She inherits a
large amount of money and subsequently becomes
the victim of Machiavellian scheming by two
American expatriates.
The Portrait of Dorian Gray is a novel by OSCAR
WILDE. Vanity Fair was written by WILLIAM
MAKEPEACE THACKERY.
28. B – Josephine “Jo” March is the protagonist of B. metonymy
Little Women and is the autobiographical depiction C. oxymoron
of the writer, Louisa May Alcott, herself. In Wuthering D. allusion
Heights, Emily Bronte featured CATHERINE
EARNSHAW as the female protagonist. ELIZABETH The correct answer is A. Line 7 is among the most
BENNET hails froms Jane Austen’s Pride and famous paradoxes in literature. A paradox presents a
Prejudice while HESTER PRYNNE came alive in seemingly contradictory idea, but turns out to be true
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Scarlet Letter. upon closer analysis. “The child is father of the man”
connotes that much wisdom can be learned from the
29. A – La Rabouilleuse (THE BLACK SHEEP), is a innocence of the young; thus, the persona wishes to
1842 novel by Honoré de Balzac as part of his series keep that youthful innocence that connects the child
La Comédie humaine. The Black Sheep is the title of to nature. Wordsworth himself reiterates this in Ode:
the English translation by Donald Adamson Intimations of Immortality and in Tintern Abbey.
published by Penguin Classics. It tells the story of the
Bridau family, trying to regain their lost inheritance 1. What is the tone of the following lines from
after a series of unfortunate mishaps. Shakespeare’s Hamlet?
THE COUNT OF MONTE CRISTO is an adventure What a piece of work is a man! How noble in reason!
novel by Alexandre Dumas. How infinite in faculties! In form and moving, how
THE CHARTERHOUSE PARMA is a novel published in express and admirable!
1839 by Stendhal.
DANGEROUS LIAISONS is play by Christopher James A. amazement
Hampton. B. mockery
C. veneration
30. A – Gaston Leroux, a French novelist, wrote THE D. sadness
PHANTOM OF THE OPERA. Bram Stoker is known for
his novel DRACULA while Mary Shelley wrote 2. The following lines from Robert Browning’s
FRANKENSTEIN during the Year without Summer in My Last Duchess exemplify what poetic strategy?
Europe. Anne Rice is the only non-classic writer in A. Aside
the options. She wrote THE INTERVIEW WITH A B. Dialogue
VAMPIRE IN 1973. C. Monologue
D. Soliloquy

LET Reviewer English Part 7 3. From what perspective is the following story
1. What does the poem celebrate as shown in told?
line 1-2?
A. sadness in death "I could picture it. I have a rotten habit of picturing
B. reverence for nature the bedroom scenes of my friends. We went out to
C. familial bonding the Cafe Napolitain to have an aperitif and watch the
D. sense of foreboding evening crowd on the Boulevard." from The Sun Also
Rises by Ernest Hemingway.
The best answer is B. “My heart leaps up…” connotes A. First person
a strong love of or reverence for nature as B. Second person
represented by the rainbow. It shows the persona’s C. Third person omniscient
extreme happiness, if not awe, with nature so he D. Third person limited
hopes to maintain natural piety until his death.
Options A, C, and D all focus on different subjects. 4. What type of irony does Shakespeare use in
Anthony’s speech?
2. What does the persona wish in the last two A. dramatic irony
lines? C. causal irony
A. that he continues to be pious B. irony of situation
B. that he be a child once again D. verbal irony
C. that he continues to be connected to nature
D. that he fulfills his duties and responsibilities 5. What do the following lines from William
Blake exhort?
The best answer is C. The last two lines provide an A. to appreciate even the smallest of things
apt conclusion to the strong reverence for nature B. to be extremely imaginative and creative
presented in lines1-2. In lines 3-6, the persona C. to believe in fantasy like a child
explains that he has been bound to nature since birth D. to be strong and faithful to God
and he hopes to be until his death. Options A and B
both pick on key words piety and child to provide 6. What poetic device is exemplified in the
distracters, while option D proves a broad option that following lines from Edward Taylor’s “Huswifery”?
does not appear in the text. A. irony of statement
B. pathetic fallacy
3. What figure of speech does Wordsworth use C. a literary conceit
in line 7? D. a paradoxical line
A. paradox
7. What does the persona in “Huswifery” ask
God to do? “…we ran…to the dark dripping gardens to the back
A. Complete him as a human being doors of the dark dripping gardens where odors
B. Bless him with food and clothing arose from the ashpits, to the dark odorous stables
C. Mold him into what God wants him to be where a coachman smoothed and combed the horse
D. Clothe him with the finest silk from God or shook music from the buckled harness.”
A. auditory
8. Which two sound devices did Alexander Pope B. olfactory
use in the following lines? C. gustatory
A. Assonance and consonance D. tactile
B. Alliteration and onomatopoeia
C. Consonance and cacophony 17. What does the lamb in “The Lamb”
D. Onomatopoeia and assonance symbolize?
A. Faith and loyalty
9. What figure of speech is exemplified below? B. Innocence and purity
“The wind stood up and gave a shout. He whistled on C. Weakness and hopelessness
his two fingers.” D. Helplessness and dependence
A. Allusion C. Onomatopoeia
B. Metaphor D. Personification 18. Which of the following best states the theme
10. What type of sonnet is exemplified in the of Ozymandias?
following lines? A. Power and arrogance are both destructive.
A. Elizabethan B. Temples and statues are witnesses to history.
B. English C. Powerful rulers and great civilizations perish.
C. Petrarchan D. Life is short and time is fleeting.
D. Spenserian
11. Which statement best summarizes the Holy 19. What 17th Century philosophy does
Sonnet X by John Donne? Browning assert in the following lines from Rabbi
A. Death shall cease in the after life. Ben Ezra?
B. Death comes through poppy or charms.
C. Death takes so many forms and ways. Ay, note that Potter’s wheel, That metaphor! and feel
D. Death should not be proud since it is not Why time spins fast, why passive lies our clay,—
mighty. Thou, to whom fools propound,
12. What does the word “swell’st” in the Holy When the wine makes its round,
Sonnet X mean? “Since life fleets, all is change; the Past gone, seize to-
A. boast day!”
B. shrink
C. grow A. anagnorisis
D. swear B. carpe diem
C. peripeteia
13. Which statement about love is true based on D. romanticism
Shakespeare’s Sonnet 116?
A. Love dissipates when lovers live apart. 20. What lesson does the speaker learn in A.E.
B. Love adapts to changing circumstances. Housman’s When I Was One-and-Twenty?
C. Love never wanes even in old age. A. The speaker realizes the value of listening to
D. Love grows even to the edge of doom. pieces of advice.
B. The speaker learns the foolishness of
14. In “To the Virgins to Make Much of Time,” disobeying his elders.
what is the persona’s main message? C. The speaker realizes the folly and pain of
A. Be wise in marriage to make life more youthful love.
worthwhile. D. The speaker learns the stupidity of wasting
B. Marry now, or you may never have another his youth.
chance.
C. Gather the rosebuds now, before the roses
bloom.
D. Choose only lovers who, like roses, are of the
highest order.

15. Which word best describes the speaker in “To

Lucasta, on Going to the Wars”?
A. cold-hearted
B. sweet-tongued
C. honorable
D. modest

16. To what sensory perception do the following

lines from James Joyce’s Araby appeal?