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Learn Basic Swahili (French and English)
Learn Basic Swahili (French and English)
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JIFUNZE KISWAHILI
IN ONE WEEK
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KWA WIKI MOJA
CONTENTS
• DAY ONE • DAY FIVE
• PRONUNCIATIONS • SOME VERBS
• GREETINGS • NEGATION
SIMPLE, NO?
PERSONS
• MOI ME MIMI
• TU YOU WEWE
• IL HE YEYE
• NOUS WE SISI
• VOUS YOU NINYI
• ILS THEY WAO
THERE IS NO GENDER DISTINCTION IN KISWAHILI. BOTH "HE" AND "SHE" ARE YEYE.
POSSESSION PRONOUNS
• 1ST PERSON MINE -ANGU
• 2ND PERSON YOUR -AKO
• 3RD PERSON HIS/HER -AKE
THESE ARE SUFFIXES WHICH DEPEND ON THE GROUP OF THE NOUN. THERE ARE ABOUT 12 NOUN
GROUPS. FOR EXAMPLE, SHULE (MY SCHOOL) IS SHULE YANGU AND KIJIKO (MY SPOON) IS KIJIKO
CHANGU. JINA (MY NAME) IS JINA LANGU. THERE IS NO RULE FOR THESE, YOU JUST HAVE TO KNOW
THEM. FOR A BEGINNER, YOU CAN ALWAYS USE "Y". NOT GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT, BUT YOU WILL
BE UNDERSTOOD.
EXAMPLES:
SOME NOUNS TAKE ON DIFFERENT PREFIXES, FOR EXAMPLE MWALIMU WAKO, KITI CHAKO, GARI
LAKO, MEZA YAKO. THIS IS TOO DIFFICULT FOR A BEGINNER (AND ALSO DIFFICULT FOR SOME
KENYANS!) BECAUSE YOU SIMPLY HAVE TO KNOW WHICH WORD GOES WITH WHAT. JUST LIKE
IN FRENCH YOU HAVE TO KNOW WHICH NOUN IS LE AND WHICH ONE IS LA!
PERSONS PRONOUNS
• MOI JE ME I MIMI NI
• TOI TU YOU YOU WEWE U
• LUI IL HIM HE YEYE A
EXAMPLES:
• JE VAIS I AM GOING MIMI NINAENDA
• IL VA HE IS GOING YEYE ANAENDA
• NOUS ALLONS WE ARE GOING SISI TUNAENDA
SOME COMMON VERBS
TO HAVE – KUWA NA
(LITERALLY TO “BE WITH/ETRE AVEC”)
• NINAFANYA KAZI
• UNAFANYA KAZI
• ANAFANYA KAZI
• TUNAFANYA KAZI
• MUNAFANYA KAZI
• WANAFANYA KAZI
SOME COMMON VERBS
TO LOVE - KUPENDA
• 1ST PERSON NINAPENDA • MIMI NINAPENDA GARI KUBWA
• 2ND PERSON UNAPENDA • WEWE UNAPENDA OFISI NDOGO
• 3RD PERSON ANAPENDA • YEYE ANAPENDA SHULE YAKO
• 1ST PERSON (PL) TUNAPENDA • SISI TUNAPENDA BAISIKELI YETU
• 2ND PERSON (PL) MUNAPENDA • NINYI MUNAPENDA KAZI YENU
• 3RD PERSON (PL) WANAPENDA • WAO WANAPENDA CHAKULA CHAO
SOME COMMON VERBS
TO WANT - KUTAKA
• NINATAKA
• UNATAKA
• ANATAKA
• TUNATAKA
• MUNATAKA
• WANATAKA
SOME COMMON VERBS
TO GO - KUENDA
• NINAENDA
• UNAENDA
• ANAENDA
• TUNAENDA
• MUNAENDA
• WANAENDA
SEE HOW CONJUGATION IS EASY? APART FROM KUWA AND KUWA NA! THE REST OF THE
VERBS, YOU JUST REMOVE THE KU- PREFIX AND ADD THE PERSON PRONOUN (NI- A- WA- AND
THE TENSE PREFIX NA)
• KUENDA BECOME NINAENDA. YOU WILL LEARN OTHER TENSES SHORTLY.
STRANGE VERB THAT BREAKS CONJUGATION RULE?
TO EAT - KULA
ANAKULA
UNAKULA
NINAKULA
TUNAKULA
MUNAKULA
WANAKULA
• HMM, THIS BREAKS THE RULE? NO. IT IS VERY INFORMAL UNTIL IT IS OFTEN ACCEPTED. BUT THE
CORRECT WAY TO SAY IT IS ANALA! FORGET THIS. NO ONE WILL BLAME YOU IF YOU SAY
ANAKULA.
CONJUGATING TWO VERBS
NOTICE THAT WHEN CONJUGATING TWO VERBS, FOR EXAMPLE I WANT TO OR I AM GOING
TO, YOU DO IT JUST LIKE IN FRENCH. CONJUGATE THE FIRST VERB AND LEAVE THE SECOND IN
INFINITIVE!
• JE VEUX ALLER. I WANT TO GO. NINATAKA KUENDA.
• JE VEUX MANGER. I WANT TO EAT. NINATAKA KULA
EXAMPLES – CONJUGATING TWO VERBS
(VA FAIRE)
• MIMI NINAPENDA KULA
• MIMI NINATAKA KUENDA
• YEYE ANATAKA KULALA
HERE IS A LITTLE CHEAT: ALL VERBS IN KISWAHILI START WITH KU- AND END WITH -A. THIS IS THE
INFINITIVE FORM. KUENDA. KUKULA. KUFANYA. YOU WILL LEARN ALL THESE AND SEE HOW EASY
IT IS.
• GARI IS CAR. CAN YOU NOW FOR YOUR OWN SENTENCE IN THE SAME WAY USING MIMI NI
(MOI JE)??
1. MIMI NINAENDA SHULE (AU PRESENT)
2. MIMI NI___ENDA SHULE (AU FUTUR)
3. MIMI NI___ENDA SHULE (HIER)
4. MIMI NIMEENDA SHULE (JUSTE A TOUT A L’HEURE)
SOME VERBS
TO FORM SENTENCES WITH PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE, ALL YOU NEED TO DO IS BREAK UP THE VERB
AND PUT THE SENTENCE IN THE FORM OF PERSON-TENSE-VERB.
THE VERB IS USUALLY BROKEN BY REMOVING THE KU-. THIS IS SIMILAR TO THE -ER IN SOME FRENCH
VERBS, AS IN ALLER, MANGER, PASSER
• KULA TO EAT MANGER
• KUJA TO COME VENIR
• KUENDA TO GO ALLER
• KUFIKA TO ARRIVE ARRIVER
• KUPITA TO PASS PASSER
• KULALA TO SLEEP DORMIR
• KUAMKA TO WAKE UP SE REVEILLER
EXAMPLES – TENSES
• NITAFIKA. TAKE THE VERB KUFIKA. NI- TA - FIKA
• WALIENDA. TAKE THE VERB KUENDA. WA - LI - ENDA
• GARI IMEENDA. TAKE THE VERB KUENDA. ADD I - ME - ENDA
NOTE: I- IS THE IMPERSONAL PREFIX FOR ALL INANIMATE OBJECTS (NON-LIVING THINGS) GARI, OFISI,
SHULE ARE ALL INANIMATE SO WE USE I- TO FORM SENTENCES WITH THEM.
CAN YOU NOW FORM YOUR OWN SHORT SENTENCE? USE THE VERB KULALA.
JANA MIMI NILILALA
LEO WEWE U….LALA
KESHO JACQUES A…. LALA
NEGATION
NEGATION IS DONE BY USING THE FOLLOWING PREFIXES BEFORE THE VERB.
• 1ST PERSON -SI
• 2ND PERSON -HU
• 3RD PERSON -HA
NEW WORD ALERT! : KWA MEANS AU/A LA/AUX. SO KWA OFISI IS AU BUREAU
THIS NEGATION IS ALL IN PRESENT TENSE (I DO NOT/I AM NOT). WHAT IF YOU WANT TO SAY YOU
WILL NOT DO SOMETHING OR YOU DID NOT DO SOMETHING? A SUIVRE…
SOME MORE NEGATION
COMPLICATED? NO! ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS PUT THE NEGATER (SI - HU - HA) AND REPLACE THE
INDICATOR OF TENSE (NA- ME- LI- TA-)WITH ITS NEGATION.
NEGATION IN PAST AND FUTURE TENSE
• ME - BECOMES - JA
• LI - BECOMES - KU
• TA - REMAINS - TA
FOR THE PLURAL NEGATIVE (HATU - HAMU - HAWA) THE SAME APPLIES
• HATU-JA-SHIBA - WE ARE NOT FULL
• HAMU-JA-SHIBA - YOU ARE NOT FULL
• HAWA-KU-SHIBA – THEY DID NOT GET FULL
SEE HOW THE SENTENCES ARE STRUCTURED? NOUN – POSSESSIVE FORM - VERB - QUESTION TAG
GARI - YAKO - IKO - WAPI?
OFISI - YENU -IKO -WAPI?
EXERCISE
YOU ALREADY KNOW THESE VERBS. YOU ALSO KNOW THESE QUESTION TAGS. CAN YOU
TRANSLATE THESE?
• UTAENDA LINI? ......................
• UNAFANYA NINI?
• UNATAKA GANI?
• UNAPENDA NANI?
REFLEXIVE
REFLEXIVE VERBS MEANS DOING SOMETHING TO SOMEONE, OR TO YOURSELF. IN FRENCH, WE HAVE
-SE- -TE- AND -ME- RIGHT? LIKE JE TE DIT OR JE ME REVEILLE. IN SWAHILI, THE SAME! JE TE DIT.
HERE ARE THE PREFIXES:
• MIMI -JI-
• WEWE -KU-
• YEYE -M-
• SISI -JI-
• NINYI -WA-
• WAO -WA-
REFLEXIVE
EXAMPLE IN SENTENCE
• PESA KIKO CHINI YA MEZA
• GARI IKO KANDO YA PARKING
• MIMI NIKO CHINI YA MTI
• SISI TUKO NDANI YA OFISI
• KIDOGO
• MINGI
• KUBWA
EMOTIONS
• CONTENT HAPPY FURAHA
• FROID COLD BARIDI
• CHAUD HOT MOTO
• DOUCE SWEET TAMU
• NOT SWEET KALI/CHUNGU
EXAMPLES
• TUSKER BARIDI
• CHAKULA MOTO
• PILIPILI KALI
• KAHAWA CHUNGU
ADJECTIVES
• BONNE GOOD MZURI
• MAL BAD MBAYA
• GRAND BIG KUBWA
• PETITE SMALL NDOGO
• VITE QUICK HARAKA
• LENTEMENT SLOW POLE POLE
• OUVERT OPEN FUNGUA
• FERME CLOSE FUNGA
• PLEIN FULL JAA
• ABSOLUTMENT VERY KABISA
• TROP MUCH SANA
• BEAUCOUP A LOT MINGI
ADJECTIVES
WRITE IN NEGATIVE
• BAISIKELI YANGU IKO WAPI? • UTAENDA
• OFISI YENU IKO WAPI? • UTAFANYA
• SHULE YAKO IKO WAPI? • UTAKULA
• UTASEMA
VOCABULARY
PARTS OF THE BODY
NUMBERS
• 1 MOJA • 9 TISA
• 2 MBILI • 10 KUMI
• 3 TATU • 11 KUMI NA MOJA
• 4 NNE • 12 KUMI NA MBILI
• 5 TANO • 13 KUMI NA TATU
• 6 SITA
• 7 SABA
• 8 NANE
DAYS OF THE WEEK
• SAMEDI JUMAMOSI
• DIMANCHE JUMAPILI
• LUNDI JUMATATU
• MARDI JUMANNE
• MERCREDI JUMATANO
• JEUDI ALHAMISI
• VENDREDI IJUMAA
FAMILY
• BABA FATHER
• MAMA MOTHER
• DADA SISTER
• KAKA BROTHER
• MWANA CHILD
• MJOMBA UNCLE
• SHANGAZI AUNT
• MTOTO BABY
VOCABULARY
FOOD AND DRINKS
• NYAMA VIANDE • MCHELE DU RIZ
• JUISI JUS • UGALI PATTE
• MAJI EAU • SAMAKI POISSON
• SODA SODA • VIAZI POMME DU TERRE
• CHAI DU THÉ • MAZIWA DU LAIT
• MKATE DU PAIN • CHOMA GRILLÉ
• MBUZI LE CHEVRE • KARANGA PANNÉE
• NGOMBE VACHE • KUKU POULET
SIMPLE PHRASES
• NINATAKA CHAKULA
• UNATAKA CHAKULA GANI?
• NINATAKA UGALI
• UNATAKA UGALI NA NINI?
• NINATAKA UGALI NA SAMAKI
• SAWA, UTAPATA SASA HIVI
• ASANTE
• KARIBU
VOCABULARY
PLACES
• AIRPORT EROPOTI
• SCHOOL SHULE • BUS STATION KITUO CHA BASI
• OFFICE OFISI • POLICE STATION KITUO CHA POLISI
• SHOP DUKA • HOME NYUMBANI
• HOTEL HOTELI • WORK KAZI
• ROAD BARABARA
• HOSPITAL HOSPITALI