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Combustion
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Thermodynamics
mass of combustion products produced?
(D) 22 L
(A) 31 g
(B) 39 g
2. Complete combustion of 13.02 g of a compound (CxHy) (C) 41 g
produces 40.94 g of CO2 and 16.72 g of H2O. What is the (D) 51 g
empirical formula of the compound?
(A) CH
(B) CH2 6. Excess air is required in combustion because it
(C) CH4 (A) allows the reaction to occur stoichiometrically
(D) CH2O (B) reduces air pollution
(C) reduces the heat requirements
(D) allows complete combustion
3. What are the products of complete combustion of a
gaseous hydrocarbon?
I. carbon monoxide 7. Octane (C8H18) is burned with 150% theoretical air
II. carbon dioxide in a steady combustion process. Combustion is com-
plete. The total pressure is 1 atm. What is most nearly
III. water
the air-fuel ratio?
IV. ammonia
(A) 10 kg air/kg fuel
(A) I only (B) 15 kg air/kg fuel
(B) II and III (C) 23 kg air/kg fuel
(C) I, II, and III (D) 31 kg air/kg fuel
(D) I, III, and IV
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17-2 F E M E C H A N I C A L P R A C T I C E P R O B L E M S
SOLUTIONS m 40:94 g
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x ¼ N CO2 ¼ N C ¼ ¼
M 44 g
1. Calculate the number of moles of ethane in the mol
reaction. ¼ 0:93 mol
pV y 16:72 g
N C2 H6 ¼ ¼ N H2 O ¼ g ¼ 0:93 mol
RT 2 18
mol
ð1:0 atmÞð10 LÞ
¼ ¼ N H =2
atmL
0:0821 ð500KÞ
molK
¼ 0:24 mol y ¼ N H ¼ 1:86 mol
x N C 0:93 mol
¼ ¼
The chemical equation coefficients represent molecules, y N H 1:86 mol
volumes, and moles. ¼ 1=2
From the ideal gas law, the volumes are directly related
to the absolute temperatures. 4. The balanced reaction equation is
The volume of 1 mole of ideal gas at standard temper- The ratio of oxygen to ethane combining masses is
ature and pressure (STP) is 22.4 L. The volume of O2
required at 298K is O2 ð7Þð32Þ x
¼ ¼
C2 H6 ð2Þð30Þ 5 kg
L
V O2 ¼ ð0:85 molÞð1:09Þ 22:4 x ¼ 18:67 kg
mol
¼ 20:8 L ð21 LÞ Air is 23.15% O2 by weight. The mass of air required is
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C O M B U S T I O N 17-3
mass of air
6. Excess air is required for complete combustion to A=F ¼
mass of fuel
occur.
kg
The answer is (D). ð18:75 kmolÞ 32
kmol
kg
þ ð70:5 kmolÞ 28:014
7. The stoichiometric combustion reaction equation is kmol
¼
kg
C8 H18 þ 12:5ðO2 þ 3:76N2 Þ ð8 kmolÞ 12:01
kmol
! 8CO2 þ 9H2 O þ ð12:5Þð3:76ÞN2
kg
þ ð9 kmolÞ 2:016
kmol
With 150% theoretical air,
¼ 22:54 kg air=kg fuel ð23 kg air=kg fuelÞ
Thermodynamics
C8 H18 þ ð1:5Þð12:5ÞðO2 þ 3:76ÞN2
! 8CO2 þ 9H2 O þ ð1:5Þð12:5Þð3:76ÞN2 The answer is (C).
þ ð0:5Þð12:5ÞO2
P P I * w w w . p p i 2 p a s s . c o m