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ENGLISH

CONJUCTIONS
C L A S S 6 th
2

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CONTENTS
CONJUCTIONS
C L A S S 6 th
Recommended Time: 7 – 9 Classes

CONJUCTIONS FOR ADDITION, CONTRAST, AND


PAGE 4
CHOICE

CONJUCTIONS FOR TIME AND SEQUENCE AND PAGE 23


REASON AND PURPOSE

CONJUCTIONS FOR CONDITION, CONTRAST, AND


PAGE 43
CHOICE

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CONJUCTIONS FOR ADDITION,
CONTRAST, AND CHOICE

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EXPLAIN
Observation is one of the greatest powers in the universe

Hi kids, today we will learn about Addition and


Contrast. We use them to talk about things that
are alike and things to choose from.
At the end of the lesson you will learn how to use
them correctly in sentences.

Connectors
A. Addition and contrast
EXAMPLE
Look! There is a squirrel,
an owl and a monkey on
the tree!

I can see stars, I can


The bird can fly, but
see the moon too.
the squirrel cannot.

It’s cold and


wet here.

DEFINITION
We use the underlined words to talk about things that are alike.
We use the bold word to talks about things that are different.

A man, a boy and two girls are camping.


The owl can fly. The canary can fly too.
The squirrel can climb trees, but the bird cannot.

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1 We can use 'and' to join sentences.

There is a worm in the garden.


There is a centipede in the garden.
There is a beetle in the garden.

There is a worm, a centipede and a beetle in the garden.

2 We can use 'too' to add ideas.


There is a worm in the garden.
There is a beetle there too.

We use 'and' and 'too' to talk about things that are alike.

3 We can also use 'but' to join sentences.

Lisa plays the violin. Tim does not.

Lisa plays the violin, but Tim does not.

We use 'but' to talk about things that are different.

B. Choice
EXAMPLE

You can have the


Is the eraser in my left
green marker or
hand or my right hand?
the red marker.

DEFINITION

We use the words in bold when there are two or more things to choose from.

Is the boy drawing a cat or a dog?


The teacher asked the pupils to draw people, animals or things.
Alice asked Tim, "Do you want the blue marker or the green marker?"

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1 We can use 'or' to join sentences.

Do you want coffee?


Do you want tea?
Do you want coffee or tea?

1 We use 'and' to talk about things that are alike.


SUMMARY There are mosquitoes and spiders in the forest.

2 We can also use 'too' to talk about things that are alike.

John likes sweets. Mary likes sweets too.

3 We use 'but' to talk about things that are different.

The girl wants to play, but her sister does not.

We use 'or' when there are two or more things to choose


4
from.
Do you like the cat or the ducks?

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PRACTICE
Master what you have learnt

easy

1 C O N C E P T B O X – Complete the concept capsules below:

a) Definition (in your own words) Characteristics / Facts

Addition
Examples Non-Examples

b) Definition (in your own words) Characteristics / Facts

Contrast Non-Examples
Examples

c) Definition (in your own words) Characteristics / Facts

Choice Non-Examples
Examples

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2 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word.

a) We use 'and' and ‘ ' to talk about things that are alike.
too but
b) We use ‘ ' to talk about things that are different.
too but
c) We can use 'and' to sentences.
add join
d) We can use 'too’ to ideas.
add join

3 C O N J U N C T I O N R U L E M A T C H U P - Match the rules for


conjunctions on the left with their examples.

We can use 'and' to Lisa plays the violin,


a) 1.
join sentences. but Tim does not.
We can use 'too' to Do you want coffee or
b) 2.
add ideas. tea?
We can also use There is a worm, a
c) 'but' to join 3. centipede and a
sentences. beetle in the garden.
There is a worm in
We can use 'or' to the garden.
d) 4.
join sentences. There is a beetle
there too.

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PRACTICE
4 RULE RUMBLE
Write the correct conjunction rule number before each of the
sentences. RULES FOR CONJUNCTIONS
1. We can use 'and' to join sentences.
2. We can use 'too' to add ideas.
3. We can also use 'but' to join sentences.
4. We can use 'or' to join sentences.

RULE SENTENCE
a) The bird can fly, but the squirrel cannot.

b) It’s cold and wet here.

c) Is the eraser in my left hand or my right hand?

d) I can see stars, I can see the moon too.

5 B U C K E T T H I S – Place the following conjunctions in the correct


bucket:

and but or too

a ) Connectors for Comparison b ) Connectors for Choice

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6 F I N D t h e C O N N E C T O R – Circle the conjunction in each sentence,


finish the table:

a) A man, a boy and two girls are camping.

A man, a boy + +
First Thing Conjunction Second Thing
b) The owl can fly. The canary can fly too.

The owl can fly. + +


First Thing Second Thing Conjunction

c) The squirrel can climb trees, but the bird cannot.

The squirrel can climb


trees, + +
First Thing Conjunction Second Thing

d) Is the boy drawing a cat or a dog?

Is the boy drawing a cat + +


First Thing Conjunction Second Thing

e) Diva plays the violin, but Daka does not.

Diva plays the violin, + +


First Thing Conjunction Second Thing

f) Do you want coffee or tea?

Do you want coffee + +


First Thing Conjunction Second Thing

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7 ADDITION or CONTRAST?
Circle the conjunction, tick the box then choose the correct option!

a ) There is a worm in the garden. There is a beetle there too.

Compares similar ideas


Compares differing ideas

ADDITION OR CONTRAST

b ) Lizzi plays the drums, but Jhus does not.

Compares similar ideas


Compares differing ideas

ADDITION OR CONTRAST

c) Roxy loves coffee, but Captain Spark does not.

Compares similar ideas


Compares differing ideas

ADDITION OR CONTRAST

d ) There is a cat and a dog in that house.

Compares similar ideas


Compares differing ideas

ADDITION OR CONTRAST

e ) Daka loves pie. Lizzi loves pie too.

Compares similar ideas


Compares differing ideas

ADDITION OR CONTRAST

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8 T H I S v s T H A T - Circle the conjunction. Tick the correct box and fill
in the blank:

a) There is a pie a loaf of bread on the table.


Compares two similar things in one sentence
Compares two similar things over two sentences

and too

b) There is a pie on the table. There is a loaf of bread .


Compares two similar things in one sentence
Compares two similar things over two sentences

and too

c) Do you like cates dogs.


Compares the differences of two things
Comes between two things to choose from

but or

d) I like cats, I don’t like dogs.


Compares the differences of two things
Comes between two things to choose from

but or

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9 C O M P A R E o r C H O O S E ? - Fill in the table then choose the correct
option!

a ) You can have the green marker or the red marker.

+ +
First Thing Conjunction Second Thing
COMPARE OR CHOOSE

b ) The girl wants to play, but her sister does not.

+ +
First Thing Conjunction Second Thing
COMPARE OR CHOOSE

c) Do you like swimming or running?

+ +
First Thing Conjunction Second Thing
COMPARE OR CHOOSE

d ) There is a squirrel, an owl and a monkey on the tree!

+ +
First Thing Conjunction Second Thing
COMPARE OR CHOOSE

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10 T I M E t o D R A W ! – Circle the conjunction in each sentence then
draw and fill in the appropriate table!

a) There is a blue cake and a red cake.

DRAW!
There is a blue cake + and + a red cake.

b) There is a green cake there too!

DRAW!

c) Simba loves tennis, but Zoka does not.

DRAW!

d) Is that doughnut jelly or chocolate flavored?

DRAW!

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11 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word.

a) There are questions on the next page .

and too

b) There is a bathroom a bedroom down that hallway.

and too

c) Roxy love coffee, Captain Spark does not.

but or

d) The teacher asked the pupils to draw people, animals


things.
but or

e) A man, a boy two girls are camping.

and too

f) The owl can fly. The canary can fly .

and too

g) Lisa plays the violin, Daka does not.

but or

h) Is the boy drawing a cat a dog?

but or

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12 Differentiate between:

Connectors for Connectors for


VS
Comparison Choice

Example Example

13 PICK THE CONNECTOR GROUP!


Tick the correct connector group:

a) Pemba asked Daka, "Do you want the blue marker or the green
Addition
marker?" Contrast Choice
b) Do you like the cat or the ducks?
Addition Contrast Choice
c) The girl wants to play, but her sister does not.
Addition Contrast Choice
d) There are mosquitoes and spiders in the forest.
Addition Contrast Choice
e) John likes sweets. Mary likes sweets too.
Addition Contrast Choice
f) There is a worm, a centipede and a beetle in the garden.
Addition Contrast Choice

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14 R I G H T O R W R O N G ? - Put a next to correct sentences and a
next to wrong sentences. Write the correct sentence in case of a
wrong one.

a) Pemba plays the violin. Daka does not.

b) There is a cake on the table. There is a pie there too.

c) There is a worm in the garden. There is a centipede in the


garden. There is a beetle in the garden.

d) Do you want coffee? Do you want tea?

e) There is a man, woman and child in the line.

f) Smarty likes studying, but Naughty does not.

15 C O N N E C T T H E S E N T E N C E S – Combine the given sentences with the


correct conjunction:

a) Diva plays guitar. Daka plays guitar.

b) There is a cake on the table. There is a pie on the table.

c) Do you like blue? Do you like green?

d) Simba likes cheese. Simba does not like chicken.

18

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16 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing appropriate conjunction
from the box below:

and but or too

a) Pemba asked Jhus, "Do you want the blue marker the
green marker?"

b) Lizzi loves dolls, Simba does not.

c) Diva loves dolls .

d) I bought a pocket pie an ice cream!

e) The owl can fly. The canary can fly .

f) Simba can run Jhus cannot.

g) Is the car green red?

h) Bread, butter cheese taste great together.

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olympiad

17 ADD THE CONNECTORS – Read the story below and add all the
missing connectors:

Look! There is a squirrel, an owl a monkey


on the tree! I can see stars, I can see the moon .
It’s cold wet here. The bird can fly,
the squirrel cannot. The monkey is climbing
a tree, the owl is sleeping.

18 S E P A R A T E T H E S E N T E N C E S – Separate the given sentences by


removing the conjunctions:

a) There is a dog, a cat, and a mouse in the house.

b) I love to eat cake, but I hate to eat spinach.

c) Do you want a new pair of shows or new pants?

d) Daka is a good swimmer, but Pemba is not.

e) The brother and sister run the restaurant.

f) Do you want a big house or a small house?

R U L E B O O K – W rite in your rulebook about sequential connectors.


19
Give an example for each rule.

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SHARE
Share your achievements!

What were you supposed to learn in this module?

What did you learn in this module?

1.

2.

3.

4.

What still confuses you?

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ANSWERS

EASY
15. a) And
2. a) Too b) Too
b) But c) Or
c) Join d) But
d) Add
3. a) 3
16. a) Or
b) But
b) 4
c) Too
c) 1
d) And
d) 2
e) Too
4. a) 3 f) But
b) 1 g) Or
c) 4 h) And
d) 2
5. a) And, But, Too OLYMPIAD
b) Or 17. Add the missing connectors.
NORMAL
7. a) 1, ADDITION 18. Separate the given sentences
b) 2, CONTRAST by removing the conjunctions.
c) 2, CONTRAST 19. W rite in your rulebook about
d) 1, ADDITION addition, contrast and choice
e) 1, ADDITION connectors. Give an example
8. a) 1, and for each rule.
b) 2, too
c) 2, or
d) 1, but
9. a) CHOOSE
b) COMPARE
c) CHOOSE
d) COMPARE
11. a) Too
b) And
c) But
d) Or
e) And
f) Too
g) But
h) Or

SUPER
13. a) 3
b) 3
c) 2
d) 1
e) 1
f) 1
14. a) But
b) RIGHT
c) And
d) Or
e) RIGHT
f) RIGHT

22

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CONJUCTIONS FOR TIME AND
SEQUENCE AND REASON AND
PURPOSE

23

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EXPLAIN
Observation is one of the greatest powers in the universe

Hi kids, today we will learn about conjunctions.


Now we will learn about Conjunctions for time
and sequence, reason and purpose, and place.

At the end of the lesson, we will understand how


to use conjunctions correctly in sentences.

1. CONJUNCTIONS FOR TIME AND SEQUENCE.

Are you telling


I was leaving the the truth?
store when I sensed
something amiss.
After turning into
the corner, I started
running as soon as
a strange man
started walking
briskly behind me...
I did not steal
anything

Connectors for time and sequence are used to combine


sentences to show the time and sequence at which events happen.

Until Before While After

As When Then As soon as

Whenever Since Just as

24

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• She kept scrubbing the pots until they were spotless.
• The baby was running towards the pigeon before flew away.
• Beatrice made a mess in the kitchen while her mother was out.
• After the principal had lectured the naughty students, the
apologized for being rowdy.
• The rain fell from the sky as we were running home.
• We were playing in the field when we saw a flash of lightning.
• Jason would help his mother with the household chores
whenever she is unwell.
• Bernard has not done his homework since he got home from
school. We spotted mice in the house just as we were about to
leave!

2. CONJUNCTIONS FOR REASON AND PURPOSE.

You will probably


remain as tardy as
ever for a leopard
never changes its
spot I will have to
wake you up every
morning for the rest
of my life because
you
will be late if I don't
do so...

Connectors for reason are used to explain why something


happens or why we do something.

Because As For

• Sharul went to see the doctor because he had a stomachache.


• Sharul went to see the doctor as he had a stomachache.
• Sharul went to see the doctor for he had a stomachache.

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Connectors for purpose are used to express the intentions of
an action.

So that So as to In order to

• She collected the rainwater so that she could water the flowers
with it.
• She collected the rainwater so as to water the flowers with it.
• She collected the rainwater in order to water the flowers with
it.

3. CONJUNCTIONS FOR PLACE.


It doesn’t matter.
We are just going
Where are we
wherever she is
going? Why are
going!
we tailing her?

Where and wherever are connectors for place. They tell us where
somebody is or where something is happening.

• This is the boutique hotel where we stayed in on our last visit to


Hanoi.
• Wherever aunt Agnes goes, her dog follows.
• The annoying paparazzi follows wherever the famous Hollywood
actress goes.

26

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PRACTICE
Master what you have learnt

easy

1 C O N C E P T B O X – Complete the concept capsules below:

a) Definition (in your own words) Characteristics / Facts

Conjunctions
for Time and
Examples Non-Examples
Sequence

b) Definition (in your own words) Characteristics / Facts

Conjunctions
for Reason and
Examples Non-Examples
Purpose

c) Definition (in your own words) Characteristics / Facts

Conjunctions
Examples for Place Non-Examples

27

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2 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word.

a) Connectors for are used to combine sentences to


show the time and sequence at which events happen.

Time and Sequence Reason Purpose Place

b) Connectors for are used to explain why something


happens or why we do something.

Time and Sequence Reason Purpose Place

c) Connectors for are used to express the intentions of


an action.

Time and Sequence Reason Purpose Place

d) Connectors for are used to tell us where somebody


is or where something is happening.

Time and Sequence Reason Purpose Place

3 S E N T E N C E F O R M A T I O N – Circle the conjunction in each sentence.


Complete the given forms:

a) She kept scrubbing the pots until they were spotless.

She kept scrubbing the pots + + They were spotless.

First Action Conjunction Second Action

b) Daka went to see the doctor because he had a stomachache.

Daka went to see the doctor + + He had a stomachache.

Action Conjunction Reason

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c) She collected the rainwater so that she could water the flowers with it.

She could water the flowers


She collected the rainwater + + with it.

Action Conjunction Purpose

d) This is the boutique hotel where we stayed in on our last visit to Hanoi.

We stayed in on our last


This is the boutique hotel + + visit to Hanoi.

Place Conjunction Action

4 C O N J U N C T I O N R U L E M A T C H U P - Match the conjunction forms


on the left with their rules and definitions on the right:

Simba went to see


Conjunctions for
a) 1. the doctor for he had
Time and Sequence
a stomachache.
She collected the
Conjunctions for rainwater in order to
b) 2.
Reason water the flowers
with it.
We spotted mice in
Conjunctions for
c) 3. the house just as we
Purpose
were about to leave!
The annoying
paparazzi follows
Conjunctions for
d) 4. wherever the famous
Place
Hollywood actress
goes.

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5 W o r d H u n t - Find the given conjunctions from the following maze of
letters.

Time and Sequence Reason and Purpose

Until While Because As

Then Since So That In Order To

Place

Where Wherever

30

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6 TIME or PLACE?
Circle the conjunction, tick the box then choose the correct option! Fill in
the correct conjunction:

a ) The baby was running towards the pigeon it flew away.


Tells us when something happens
Tells us where something happens

TIME OR PLACE

before wherever

b) Roxy goes, her dog follows.


Tells us when something happens
Tells us where something happens

TIME OR PLACE

before wherever

c ) Pemba made a mess in the kitchen her mother was out.


Tells us when something happens
Tells us where something happens

TIME OR PLACE

while after

d) the principal had lectured the naughty students, they


apologized for being rowdy.
Tells us when something happens
Tells us where something happens

TIME OR PLACE

while after

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e ) The annoying paparazzi follows the famous
Hollywood actress goes.
Tells us when something happens
Tells us where something happens

TIME OR PLACE

wherever where

7 REASON or PURPOSE?
Circle the conjunction, tick the box then choose the correct option! Fill in
the correct conjunction:

a ) You will probably remain as tardy as ever a leopard


never changes its spots.
Explains why something happens
Expresses the intention of an action

REASON OR PURPOSE

for in order to

b ) She collected the rainwater water the flowers with it.


Explains why something happens
Expresses the intention of an action

REASON OR PURPOSE

for in order to

c ) I will have to wake you up every morning for the rest of my life
you will be late if I don't do so.
Explains why something happens
Expresses the intention of an action

REASON OR PURPOSE

because as

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d ) Jhus went to see the doctor he had a stomachache.
Explains why something happens
Expresses the intention of an action

REASON OR PURPOSE

because as

e ) Roxy went to the kitchen to start preparing dinner.


Explains why something happens
Expresses the intention of an action

REASON OR PURPOSE

because so as

8 B U C K E T T H I S – Place the following conjunctions in the correct bucket:

Until In Order To Just As Because

For So That As Soon As Wherever

Whenever As Where So As To

a) Connectors for Time and Sequence b) Connectors for Reason

c) Connectors for Purpose


d) Connectors for Place

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9 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word.

a) Simba would help his mother with the household chores


she is unwell.

Whenever Wherever

b) A wife follows her husband he goes.


Whenever Wherever

c) Diva collected flowers she could make a bouquet.

Because So That

d) Zoka looked for water he was thirsty.

Because So That

e) Simba went to see the doctor he had a stomachache.

Since For

f) Bernard has not done his homework he got home from


school.
Since For

g) This is the boutique hotel we stayed in on our last visit


to Hanoi.
Where Wherever

h) aunt Agnes goes, her dog follows.

Where Wherever

i) Beatrice made a mess in the kitchen her mother was


out.
While When

j) Simba helps with chores his mother is sick.

While When

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super

10 Differentiate between:
Connectors for Time
VS Connectors for Place
and Sequence

Example Example

11 Differentiate between:
Connectors for Connectors for
VS
Reason Purpose

Example Example

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12 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing appropriate conjunction
from the box below:

Where As Soon As So That For

Whenever Until As In Order To

a) Pemba sharpened her pencil her handwriting would


look nice.

b) I started running a strange man started walking


briskly behind me

c) This is the restaurant we first met.

d) Naughty went to see the dentist he had a toothache.

e) Zoka would help his mother with the household chores


she is unwell.

f) She collected the rainwater water the flowers with it.

g) She looked for food she was hungry.

h) She kept scrubbing the pots they were spotless.

13 PICK the CONJUNCTIVE FORM!


Circle the conjunction then choose the correct conjunctive form!

a ) The rain fell from the sky as we were running home.


Connectors for Time and Sequence Connectors for Reason
Connectors for Purpose Connectors for Place

b ) This is the boutique hotel where we stayed in on our last visit to


Hanoi.
Connectors for Time and Sequence Connectors for Reason
Connectors for Purpose Connectors for Place

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c) Daka went to the canteen because he was hungry.
Connectors for Time and Sequence Connectors for Reason
Connectors for Purpose Connectors for Place

d ) Smarty picked up his pencil in order to start writing.


Connectors for Time and Sequence Connectors for Reason
Connectors for Purpose Connectors for Place

e ) We were playing in the field when we saw a flash of lightning.


Connectors for Time and Sequence Connectors for Reason
Connectors for Purpose Connectors for Place

14 RIGHT OR WRONG?
Put a next to correct sentences and a next to wrong sentences.
Write the correct sentence in case of a wrong one.

a) I was leaving the store when I sensed something amiss.

b) We are just going she is going!

c) We spotted mice in the house just as we were about to leave!

d) Since Naughty has not done his homework he got home from
school.

e) After the principal had lectured the naughty students, they


apologized for being rowdy.

f) Just we spotted mice in the house as we were about to leave!

37

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15 C O M B I N E T H E S E N T E N C E S ! - Rewrite the two sentences as one
using the correct conjunction.

a) Pemba made a mess in the kitchen. Her mother was out.

b) The rain fell from the sky. We were running home.

c) She collected the rainwater. She watered the flowers with


it.

d) This is the boutique hotel. We stayed here in on our last


visit to Hanoi.

e) Daka went to see the doctor. He had a stomachache.

16 S P L I T T H E S E N T E N C E S ! - Separate the sentence into two by


removing the conjunction.

a) We were playing in the field when we saw a flash of lightning.

b) The baby was running towards the pigeon before flew away.

c) She kept scrubbing the pots until they were spotless.

d) Wherever aunt Agnes goes, her dog follows.

e) I was leaving the store when I sensed something amiss.

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olympiad

17 FIND THE CONJUNCTIONS – Pick a newspaper article and circle all


the conjunctions you find. Place the conjunctions in the corresponding
bucket:

a )Connectors for Time and Sequence b) Connectors for Reason

c) Connectors for Purpose d) Connectors for Place

18 E X A M P L E T R A I N – Give an example for each of the conjunction


forms below:
a) A sentence using a Conjunction of Time and Sequence

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b) A sentence using a Conjunction of Reason

c) A sentence using a Conjunction of Purpose

d) A sentence using a Conjunction of Place

19 R U L E B O O K ! - Add the rules for the connector forms learned in this


Module to your rulebook. Give examples for each rule:

20 EXPLAIN – Write down instructions on how to prepare your


favourite dish.

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21 I’M LATE! – Give an excuse for coming late to school. Remember
to use conjunctions of reason and purpose.

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1.

2.

3.

4.

What still confuses you?

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ANSWERS
EASY 15. a) While
2. a) Time and Sequence b) As
b) Reason c) Because
c) Purpose d) Where
d) Place e) For
4. a) 3 16. Separate the given sentences
b) 1 by removing the conjunctions:
c) 2
d) 4 OLYMPIAD
NORMAL
17. Pick a news article, circle the
6. a) Time, before
connectors and place them in
b) Place, wherever
the corresponding bucket.
c) Time, while
d) Time, after 18. Give an example for each of
e) Place, Wherever the conjunction forms given.
7. a) Reason, for 19. Add the rules for the connector
b) Purpose, in order to forms learned in this Module
c) Reason, as to your rulebook. Give
d) Reason, because examples for each rule.
e) Purpose, so as
20. Write down instructions on
8. a) Until, Just as, Whenever
how to prepare your favourite
b) Because, As, For
dish.
c) So that, So as to, In order
to 21. Give an excuse for coming late
d) Where, Wherever to school. Remember to use
conjunctions of reason and
9. a) Whenever purpose.
b) Wherever
c) So that
d) Because
e) For
f) Since
g) Where
h) Wherever
i) While
j) When
SUPER
12. a) So that
b) As soon as
c) Where
d) For
e) Whenever
f) In order to
g) As
h) Until
13. a) 1
b) 4
c) 2
d) 3
e) 1
14. a) RIGHT
b) Whenever
c) RIGHT
d) Since he got home
e) RIGHT
f) Just as we were

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CONJUCTIONS FOR CONDITION,
CONTRAST, AND CHOICE

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EXPLAIN
Observation is one of the greatest powers in the universe

Hi kids, today we will learn about conjunctions.


Now we will learn about Conjunctions for
condition, cause and effect.

At the end of the lesson, we will understand how


to use conjunctions correctly in sentences.

1. CONJUNCTIONS FOR CONDITION.


She said that
What did the unless you fill
Cake will
teacher just the moisture to
burn evenly if
say? the brim, your
you do not fill
the mixture cake will bake
to the brim. evenly.

Connectors for condition are used to connect a conditional


clause to a main clause. A conditional clause states a condition that
must be fulfilled in order for the main clause to be true.

If Unless As long as

The clause after the connector is the conditional clause. The other
clause is the main clause.

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• If you clean up your room, I will let you go to the playground.
• As long as you clean up your room, I will let you go to the
playground.
• Unless you clean up your room, I will not let you go to the
playground..

The connectors can be placed at the beginning or the middle of the


sentence, as long as it begins the conditional clause

• I will let you go to the playground, if you clean up your room.


• I will let you go to the playground as long as you clean up your
room.
• I will not let you go to the playground unless you clean up you
room.

2. CONJUNCTIONS FOR CAUSE AND EFFECT.

Nowadays, children
tend to be glued to their
computer games for
long periods of time so
more
of them are wearing
spectacles.

Connectors for cause-and-effect are used to indicate a causal


relationship.

Therefore So Since So … that Such … that

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The cause-clause always comes before the effect-clause.

• The pupils broke the rules; therefore they were punished.


• The pupils broke the rules so they were punished.
• Since the pupils broke the rules, they were punished.
• The week passed by so quickly that I did not even realize it is
Friday already!
• Amir had such a heavy and late breakfast that he is unable to
have lunch.

When using so ... that, an adverb or adjective appears after so to


describe the subject.

When using such ... that, a noun phrase appears after such.

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PRACTICE
Master what you have learnt

easy
1 C O N C E P T B O X – Complete the concept capsules below:

a) Definition (in your own words) Characteristics / Facts

Conjunctions
Examples for Condition Non-Examples

b) Definition (in your own words) Characteristics / Facts

Conjunctions
for Cause and
Examples Non-Examples
Effect

2 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word.

a) Connectors for are used to connect a conditional


clause to a main clause.

Condition Cause and Effect

b) Connectors for are used to indicate a causal


relationship.

Condition Cause and Effect

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c) The clause after the connector is the clause.

Conditional Main

d) The other clause is the clause.

Conditional Main

3 S E N T E N C E F O R M A T I O N – Circle the conjunction in each sentence.


Complete the Conjunctions for Condition Forms:

a) Unless you clean up your room, I will not let you go to the playground.

I will not let you go to the


+ you clean up your room, + playground.

Conjunction Conditional Clause Main Clause

b) I will not let you go to the playground unless you clean up you room.

I will not let you go to the


playground + + you clean up you room.

Main Clause Conjunction Conditional Clause

c) As long as you clean up your room, I will let you go to the playground.

I will let you go to the


+ you clean up your room, + playground.

Conjunction Conditional Clause Main Clause

d) Cake will burn evenly if you do not fill the mixture to the brim.

you do not fill the mixture


Cake will burn evenly + + to the brim.

Main Clause Conjunction Conditional Clause

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4 S E N T E N C E F O R M A T I O N – Circle the conjunction in each sentence.
Complete the Conjunctions for Cause and Effect Forms:

a) The pupils broke the rules so they were punished.

The pupils broke the rules + + they were punished.

Cause Clause Conjunction Effect Clause

b) Since the pupils broke the rules, they were punished.

+ the pupils broke the rules, + they were punished.

Conjunction Cause Clause Effect Clause

c) Amir had such a heavy and late breakfast that he is unable to have
lunch.

Amir had + + a heavy and late breakfast

Cause Clause Conjunction Cause Clause


(continued)

+ + he is unable to have lunch.

Conjunction Effect Clause

d) The pupils broke the rules; therefore they were punished.

The pupils broke the rules + + they were punished.

Cause Clause Conjunction Effect Clause

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e) The week passed by so quickly that I did not even realize it is Friday
already!

The week passed by + + quickly

Cause Clause Conjunction Cause Clause


(continued)

+ + I did not even realize it is Friday already!

Conjunction Effect Clause

5 B U C K E T T H I S – Place the following conjunctions in the correct bucket:

If So… That Therefore Such… That

Since Unless So As Long As

a ) Connectors for Condition b ) Connectors for Cause and Effect

6 W o r d H u n t - Find the given conjunctions from the following maze of


letters.

Condition
If Unless
As Long As

Cause-and-Effect
Therefore So
Since

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7 C O N J U N C T I O N R U L E M A T C H U P - Match the conjunction forms
on the left with their rules and definitions on the right:

The clause after the


connector is the
1. conditional clause.
The other clause is
the main clause.
When using so ...
that, an adverb or
Conjunctions for
a) 2. adjective appears
Condition
after so to describe
the subject.
Used to connect a
3. conditional clause to
a main clause.
Used to indicate a
4.
causal relationship.
The connectors can
be placed at the
beginning or the
5. middle of the
sentence, as long as
it begins the
conditional clause
When using such ...
Conjunctions for
b) 6. that, a noun phrase
Cause and Effect
appears after such.
The cause-clause
7. always comes before
the effect-clause.

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normal
8 CONDITIONAL or MAIN?
A clause has been underlined in each sentence. Circle the
conjunction, tick the box then choose the correct option!

a ) Cake will burn evenly if you do not fill the mixture to the brim.

Comes after the connector

CONDITIONAL O R MAIN

b ) Unless you fill the moisture to the brim, your cake will bake evenly.

Comes after the connector

CONDITIONAL O R MAIN

c) If you clean up your room, I will let you go to the playground.

Comes after the connector

CONDITIONAL O R MAIN

d ) I will let you go to the playground as long as you clean up your room.

Comes after the connector

CONDITIONAL O R MAIN

e ) Unless you clean up your room, I will not let you go to the playground..

Comes after the connector

CONDITIONAL O R MAIN

f) I will sign your paper as long as you finish it today.

Comes after the connector

CONDITIONAL O R MAIN

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9 RIGHT OR WRONG?
P R A Cnext
Put a
T I C to
E correct conditional sentences and a next to wrong
conditional sentences.

a) If you’ve finished your homework, you may eat the candy.


b) If you may eat the candy, you’ve finished your homework.
c) Unless you add yeast, the bread will not rise.
d) You add yeast unless the bread will not rise.
e) As long as you may go, you are home by seven.
f) You may go as long as you are home by seven.

10 CAUSE or EFFECT?
A clause has been underlined in each sentence. Circle the conjunction,
tick the box then choose the correct option!

a ) Nowadays, children tend to be glued to their computer games


for long periods of time so more of them are wearing spectacles.
Comes before the conjunction
Comes after the conjunction
CAUSE OR EFFECT

b ) The pupils broke the rules; therefore they were punished.


Comes before the conjunction
Comes after the conjunction
CAUSE OR EFFECT

c) The week passed by so quickly that I did not even realize it is


Friday already!
Comes before the conjunction
Comes after the conjunction
CAUSE OR EFFECT

d ) Since the pupils broke the rules, they were punished.


Comes before the conjunction
Comes after the conjunction
CAUSE OR EFFECT

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11 F R A M E t h e S E N T E N C E ! - Circle the main clause and underline the
conditional clause and write them in the space provided. Note down the
conjunction too.

a ) Cake will burn evenly if you do not fill the mixture to the brim.

+ +

b ) Unless you fill the moisture to the brim, your cake will bake evenly.

+ +

c ) I will not let you go to the playground unless you clean up your room.

+ +

d ) If you clean up your room, I will let you go to the playground.

+ +

e ) I will sign your paper as long as you finish it today.

+ +

f) I will let you go to the playground as long as you clean up your room.

+ +

12 FRAME the SENTENCE!


Circle the cause and underline the effect and write them in the space
provided. Note down the conjunction too.

a ) The pupils broke the rules; therefore they were punished.

+ +

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b ) The week passed by so quickly that I did not even realize it is
Friday already!

+ +
c) Since the pupils broke the rules, they were punished.

+ +

d ) Nowadays, children tend to be glued to their computer games


for long periods of time so more of them are wearing spectacles.

+ +

13 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word.

a) you’re ready, we can go now.

If Since

b) you’re late, we will miss the show!

If Since

c) The week passed by quickly I did not even


realize it is Friday already!

so…. that such… that

d) Simba had a heavy and late breakfast


he is unable to have lunch.

so…. that such… that

e) you clean up your room, I will not let you go to the


playground.

unless so

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f) The pupils broke the rules they were punished.

unless so

g) The pupils broke the rules; they were punished.

as long as therefore

h) you clean up your room, I will let you go to the


playground.

as long as therefore

super
14 E X A M P L E T R A I N – Give an example for each of the conjunction
forms below:
a) A sentence using a Conjunction of Condition

b) A sentence using a Conjunction of Cause-and-Effect

c) A sentence using a Conjunction of Cause-and-Effect having two parts

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15 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing appropriate conjunction
from the box below:

Unless So As Long As Since

a) The pupils broke the rules they were punished.

b) I will not let you go to break you finish this page.

c) the pupils broke the rules, they were punished.

d) You may play with your friends you come home for
dinner.

16 Differentiate between:

Connectors for Connectors for


VS
Condition Cause and Effect

Example Example

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17 CROSSWORD! - Read the clues and solve the crossword on
conjunctions:

Across
3. The pupils broke the rules;
___________ they were punished.
4. Amir had _________ a heavy and
late breakfast that he is unable to
have lunch.
Down
1. _________ the pupils broke
the rules, they were punished.
2. _________ you clean up your
room, I will not let you go to
the playground.
3. The week passed by so
quickly _________ I did not
even realize it is Friday
already!

18 SPLIT THE SENTENCES!


Separate the sentence into two by removing the conjunction.

a) If you clean up your room, I will let you go to the playground.

b) I will let you go to the playground as long as you clean up your


room.

c) The pupils broke the rules; therefore they were punished.

d) The week passed by so quickly that I did not even realize it is


Friday already!

e) Amir had such a heavy and late breakfast that he is unable to


have lunch.

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olympiad

19 THE CAUSE-AND-EFFECT STORY - Write a short story using the key


words below:

Therefore So Since So… that Such… that

Simba Daka swimming fast stuck

20 E X P L A I N – Explain the difference in what comes after the conjunctive


phrases ‘so… that’ and ‘such… that’. Give examples for your answer:

E X A M P L E – So… that

E X A M P L E – Such… that

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21 R U L E B O O K – There are two caves below. To open each cave you
need a password. Find the password for each cave using the cave’s
name as a clue. Give an example for each rule.

a)

Condition

b)

Cause-and-Effect

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Share your achievements!

What were you supposed to learn in this module?

What did you learn in this module?

1.

2.

3.

4.

What still confuses you?

62

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ANSWERS

EASY
2. a) Condition
b) Cause and effect
c) Conditional
d) Main
5. a) If, Unless, As Long As
b) So… that, Therefore,
Such… That, Since, So
NORMAL
8. a) CONDITIONAL
b) CONDITIONAL
c) MAIN
d) CONDITIONAL
e) CONDITIONAL
f) MAIN
9. a) RIGHT
b) WRONG
c) RIGHT
d) WRONG
e) WRONG
f) RIGHT
10. a) EFFECT
b) CAUSE
c) CAUSE
d) EFFECT
13. a) If
b) Since
c) So.. That
d) Such.. That
e) Unless
f) So
g) Therefore
h) As long as
SUPER
14. Give an example for each of
the conjunction forms given.
15. a) So
b) Unless
c) Since
d) As long as
OLYMPIAD
19. Write a short story using the
key words given.
21. Find the password for each
cave using the cave’s name as
a clue. Give an example for
each rule.

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YOU ARE AWESOME

Congratulations on completing
another successful saga Captain!

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All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the
permission of Winspark Innovations Learning..

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