7/13/2018

Two-way Slab-2 (WSD)

Prof. Dr. Md. Nazrul Islam

Department of Civil Engineering
DUET, Gazipur

fy = 60,000 psi; wc = 145 pcf

For fy other than 60,000 psi, tabulated values

should be multiplied by (0.4+ fy/100,000).

h = thickness of slab = t; l = clear span

Span ratio > 2 (one way) 2

1
 7/13/2018

Thickness of two-way slab (span ratio ≤ 2 ):

t = perimeter/180 ≥ 3.5’’

2
 7/13/2018

The total slab thickness (t) is usually rounded to

the next higher ¼’’ for slabs up to 6’’ thickness,
and to the next higher ½’’ for thicker slabs.

Minimum concrete protection below the

reinforcement should be ¾’’.

In a typical slab, 1’’ below the center of the steel

may be assumed.

3
 7/13/2018

Spacing of Reinforcements:

(a) For temperature and shrinkage:

Smax (temp) ≤ 5t or 18’’

(b) For one-way slab:

Smax ≤ 3t or 18’’
Smin ≥ 1.5t (to avoid excessive cost for bar
fabrication and handling)

(c) For two-way slab:

Smax ≤ 2t

Corner Reinforcement:

The twisting moments are usually of consequence

only at exterior corners of a two-way slab system,
where they tend crack the slab at the bottom along the
panel diagonal, and at the top perpendicular to the
panel diagonal.

Special reinforcements should be provided at exterior

corners in both the bottom and top of the slab, for a
distance in each direction from the corner equal to
one-fifth the longer span of the corner panel (Fig.
13.7).
8

4
 7/13/2018

The reinforcement at the top of the slab should be

parallel to the diagonal from the corner, while that
at the bottom should be perpendicular to the
diagonal.

Alternatively, either layer of steel may be placed in

two bands parallel to the sides of the slab.

The positive and negative reinforcement, in any

case, should be of a size and spacing equivalent to
that required for the maximum positive moment
(per foot of width) in the panel.

10

5
 7/13/2018

Design of Two-way Slab

Example 1.2
Use WSD to design the two-way slab shown below,
carrying floor finish = 30 psf, random wall = 50 psf and
live load = 60 psf [Given: fc’ = 3 ksi, fy = 50 ksi].

11

Solution:

Clear area for each slab = 13’ × 19’

Span Ratio m = 13/19 = 0.68.

12

6
 7/13/2018

t = p/180 = 2(13’+19’)×12/180 =4.33’’≈ 4.5’’ (assume)

d = t – 1’’ = 4.5’’ – 1’’ = 3.5’’ (3’’ for Mmin)

Self Wt = 4.5/12 x 150 = 56.25 psf

DL = SW + FF + RW
= 56.25 + 30 + 50 = 136.25 psf = 0.136 ksf
LL = 60 psf = 0.06 ksf

w = DL + LL = 0.136 + 0.06 = 0.196 ksf

13

n = Es/Ec = 29x106/(57500x √(3000)) = 9.2 ≈ 9

fc = 0.45fc’ = 0.45x3 = 1.35 ksi
fs = 0.4fy = 0.4 x 50 = 20 ksi
r = fs/fc = 20/(0.45x3) = 20/1.35
k = n/(n+r) = 9/(9 + 20/1.35) = 0.378
j = 1– k/3 = 0.874
R = 0.5fckj = ½ x 1.35 x 0.378 x 0.874 = 0.223 ksi

As = M/fsjd = M x 12/(20 x 0.874 x 3.5) = M/5.10

(M/4.37 for Mmin using d=3”)

As(Temp) = 0.003 bt
= 0.003 x 12 x 4.5 = 0.162 in2/’
14

7
 7/13/2018

Ma+ = Ca(D)+wDLla2 + Ca(L)+wLLla2

= (0.047 x 0.136 + 0.058 x 0.06) x 132 = 1.67 k’/’
Ma- = Ca-wla2
= 0.082 x 0.196 x 132 = 2.72 k’/’

dreq = √(Mmax/Rb)
= √(2.72/0.223x1) = 3.49’’ < d =3.5’’; OK.
Asa+ = M/5.10 = 1.67/5.10 = 0.33 in2/’
Using #3 bar:
s = 12as/As = 12x0.11/0.33 = 4’’ c/c
Asa- = M/5.10 = 2.72/5.10 = 0.53 in2/’
Using #3 bar:
s = 12as/As = 12x0.11/0.53 = 2.5’’ c/c
15

Mb+ = Cb(D)+wDLlb2 + Cb(L)+wLLlb2

= (0.010 x 0.136 + 0.013 x 0.06) x 192
= 0.77 k’/’
Mb- = Cb-wlb2
= 0.020 x 0.196 x 192
= 1.42 k’/’

Asb+ = M/4.37 = 0.77/4.37 = 0.18 in2/’

Asb- = M/5.10 = 1.42/5.10 = 0.28 in2/’

As(Temp) = 0.003bt = 0.162 in2/’

Using #3 bar:
s = 12as/As = 12 x 0.11/0.162 = 8.1’’ c/c
16

8
 7/13/2018

17

18

9
 7/13/2018

19

20

10