Tutorials Students
Login
Object Oriented Programming
(OOPs) Concept in Java
OOPs | Object Oriented Design
Dynamic Method Dispatch or
Runtime Polymorphism in
Java
Overloading in Java
Overriding in Java
⇣
Inheritance in Java
Java Object Creation of
Inherited Class
Java and Multiple Inheritance
Super Keyword in Java
We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and
understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy
Using nal with Inheritance in
Java
Encapsulation in Java
Abstraction in Java
abstract keyword in java
Interfaces in Java
Abstract Classes in Java
Difference between Abstract
Class and Interface in Java
new operator in Java
Classes and Objects in Java
Methods in Java
 Basic Operators in Java
Writing code in comment? Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org, generate link and share the link here.
5th Floor, A-118,
Sector-136, Noida, Uttar Pradesh - 201305
feedback@geeksforgeeks.org
Courses Custom Search Hire with us!

Encapsulation in Java
Encapsulation is de ned as the wrapping up of data under a single unit. It is the
mechanism that binds together code and the data it manipulates.Other way to think
about encapsulation is, it is a protective shield that prevents the data from being
accessed by the code outside this shield.
Technically in encapsulation, the variables or data of a class is hidden from any
other class and can be accessed only through any member function of own class
in which they are declared.
As in encapsulation, the data in a class is hidden from other classes using the
data hiding concept which is achieved by making the members or methods of
class as private and the class is exposed to the end user or the world without
providing any details behind implementation using the abstraction concept, so it is
also known as combination of data-hiding and abstraction..
Encapsulation can be achieved by: Declaring all the variables in the class as
private and writing public methods in the class to set and get the values of
variables.
▲
Got it!

// Java program to demonstrate encapsulation
public class Encapsulate
 {
// private variables declared
 // these can only be accessed by
// public methods of class
 private String geekName;
private int geekRoll;
private int geekAge;
// get method for age to access
// private variable geekAge
public int getAge()
{
return geekAge;
}
// get method for name to access
// private variable geekName
public String getName()
{
return geekName;
}
// get method for roll to access
// private variable geekRoll
public int getRoll()
{
return geekRoll;
}
// set method for age to access
// private variable geekage
public void setAge( int newAge)
{ Most popular in Java
geekAge = newAge;
}
Provider.Service getClassName() method in
// set method for name to access Java with Examples
// private variable geekName
public void setName(String newName)
{ How String Hashcode value is calculated?
geekName = newName;
} Field setByte() method in Java with
Examples
// set method for roll to access
// private variable geekRoll
public void setRoll( int newRoll) Field setChar() method in Java with
{
Examples
geekRoll = newRoll;
}
} Field setDouble() method in Java with
Examples
In the above program the class EncapsulateDemo is encapsulated as the variables are
declared as private. The get methods like getAge() , getName() , getRoll() are set as
public, these methods are used to access these variables. The setter methods like
More related articles in Java
setName(), setAge(), setRoll() are also declared as public and are used to set the values
of the variables.
Field setShort() method in Java with
Examples
The program to access variables of the class EncapsulateDemo is shown below: Field isSynthetic() method in Java with
Examples

public class TestEncapsulation
{ Field set() method in Java with Examples
 public static void main (String[] args)
{
 Encapsulate obj = new Encapsulate(); How to Become A Successful Java
Developer?
 // setting values of the variables
obj.setName("Harsh");
obj.setAge(19); AlgorithmParameters getProvider() method
obj.setRoll(51); in Java with Examples
// Displaying values of the variables
System.out.println("Geek's name: " + obj.getName());
System.out.println("Geek's age: " + obj.getAge());
System.out.println("Geek's roll: " + obj.getRoll());
// Direct access of geekRoll is not possible
// due to encapsulation
// System.out.println("Geek's roll: " + obj.geekName);
}
}
Output:
Geek's name: Harsh
Geek's age: 19
Geek's roll: 51
Advantages of Encapsulation:
Data Hiding: The user will have no idea about the inner implementation of the
class. It will not be visible to the user that how the class is storing values in the
variables. He only knows that we are passing the values to a setter method and
variables are getting initialized with that value.
Increased Flexibility: We can make the variables of the class as read-only or write-
only depending on our requirement. If we wish to make the variables as read-only
then we have to omit the setter methods like setName(), setAge() etc. from the
above program or if we wish to make the variables as write-only then we have to
omit the get methods like getName(), getAge() etc. from the above program
Reusability: Encapsulation also improves the re-usability and easy to change with
new requirements.
Testing code is easy: Encapsulated code is easy to test for unit testing.
This article is contributed by Harsh Agarwal. If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like
to contribute, you can also write an article using contribute.geeksforgeeks.org or mail
your article to contribute@geeksforgeeks.org. See your article appearing on the
GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.
Please write comments if you nd anything incorrect, or you want to share more
information about the topic discussed above.
Recommended Posts:
Difference between Abstraction and Encapsulation in Java with Examples
Java.util.LinkedList.poll(), pollFirst(), pollLast() with examples in Java
Java.util.Collections.disjoint() Method in java with Examples
Java.util.concurrent.RecursiveTask class in Java with Examples
Java.util.concurrent.Phaser class in Java with Examples
Java.util.Collections.rotate() Method in Java with Examples
Java lang.Long.numberOfLeadingZeros() method in Java with Examples
Java lang.Long.lowestOneBit() method in Java with Examples
Java lang.Long.numberOfTrailingZeros() method in Java with Examples
Java.util.function.BiPredicate interface in Java with Examples
Java.lang.Short toString() method in Java with Examples
Java.util.function.IntPredicate interface in Java with Examples
Java.util.function.LongPredicate interface in Java with Examples
Java.util.concurrent.RecursiveAction class in Java with Examples
Java lang.Long.byteValue() method in Java with Examples
Improved By : sai003, CHANDRASEKHARVARMA
Article Tags : Java Java-Object Oriented
Practice Tags : Java

37
1.7
To-do Done Based on 50 vote(s)
Feedback/ Suggest Improvement Add Notes Improve Article
Please write to us at contribute@geeksforgeeks.org to report any issue with the above content.
Previous Next
Covariant return types in Java 
Load Comments
COMPANY LEARN PRACTICE CONTRIBUTE
About Us Algorithms Courses Write an Article
Careers Data Structures Company-wise Write Interview Experience
Privacy Policy Languages Topic-wise Internships
Contact Us CS Subjects How to begin? Videos
Video Tutorials
@geeksforgeeks, Some rights reserved