Basic Stabilization Calcu

Purpose: The GeoProducts Stabilization Calculator is designed to determine the thickne

calculator finds the required thickness of the GeoProducts Envirogrid® depending on th

GeoProducts has developed its Stabilization Calculator based on the concept of the Am
Officials (AASHTO). The AASHTO method for designing flexible pavements allows each
simply and independently. For designers who already use the AASHTO method, the ana
substitution of the Envirogrid® structural coefficient for the one of the layer being subs

Overview: The AASHTO design method consists of two basic steps. The first step consi
factors, and the expected traffic over the design life of the pavement to calculate a min
the overall required structure or performance of the pavement.

The second step is to sum up the various layers to achieve the minimum required Struc

When an agency or a design firm has already determined the minimum required Struct
pavement within its jurisdiction or in its geographical area, then if the designer wishes
only concern himself with the second step.

Step 1.

Determine the minimum required Structural Number (SN), which is the necessary overa
based on given strength of subgrade, expected traffic, and given regional factor.

A Determine Soil Support Value (SSV)

from chart

B Determine Equivalent Axle Load

The Equivalent Axle Load is the measure of expected traffic loads over the l
the total expected impact.

C Determine Regional Factor

 from map

The Regional Factor is the susceptibility of the subgrade soils to moisture an

and typically ranges from 0.50 to 3.0 in the continental United States.

Determine minimum required SN from graph developed by AASHTO.

(Note: The AASHTO methodology affords the designer the opportunity to include other
statistical probabilities and serviceability of the pavement over time.)

Step 2.

Select combination of materials and the thickness of the layers of those materials
that would result in minimum required SN.

Select the Structural Coefficient (SC) for the proposed material based on
experience*, and multiply the SC by the proposed thickness of the layer
which represents the contribution of that layer to the overall structural n
layer are then added to see if the total is at least as great as the required
combinations can be tried and then one selected based on the designer'

Letting the letter "a" represent the structural coefficients for each layer a
thickness, in inches, of the layer, the model is simply

Overall Structural Number = a1 x D1 + a2 x D2 + a3 x D3

The term (a1 x D1) represents the first layer, the term (a2 x D2) represents
many or as few layers are necessary.

Therefore, The Structural Coefficient of for each material is measured pe

Summary of Step 2: Each material has a structural number found by mul

structural coefficient by the inches of that layer. The individual layer's str
summed to find the total structural number of the system.

The Structural coefficient of Envirogrid filled with sandy soil is 0.35.

The larger the structural coefficient, the more resistant the material is to

Example:
If the required Structural Number of a two-layer system is 2.90 and the e
to be 2" asphalt concrete, he or she could make either of the following se

SC of crushed stone = 0.14

SC of asphalt concrete = 0.41

1. 15" of crushed stone (15 x 0.14) + (2 x 0.

 2. 6" of EnviroGrid with sandy soil (6 x 0.35) + (2 x 0.4

Alternatively, if the engineer knows how much of a base material is norm

can substitute EnviroGrid® for that material in relation to their structural
filled with sandy soil has five times (0.35/.07 = 5) the support value of sa
of thumb is that EnviroGrid® has approximately three times the support

Calculator:

Following is a calculator into which can be input values for SC (or "a") and for "D", yieldin
resulting SN:

Resulting SN Bottom layer Middle layer

SC Thickness SC Thickness

Option 1 6 = 0.14 x 24.0 + x

Option 2 5.72 = 0.35 x 8.0 + 0.14 x 2.0

Option 3 3.8 = 0.10 x 24.0 + 0.00 x 0.0

Determine if the resulting SN is at least as great as the required minimum found in Step
Select from the options based on material and labor cost and ease of installation.

*Structural coefficients and equivalence tables found on next sheets

Geo Products, LLC provides this information only as an accommodation to our cust
regarding the suitability of the application procedures is made due to the fact tha
that may not have been considered in this generalized procedure. Geo Products,
regarding the suitability of its EnviroGrid® for specific uses or applications. Our lia
a replacement for any EnviroGrid® that is proven defective unde
 3/19/2012
abilization Calculator

termine the thicknesses needed for any soil stabilization project. The
d® depending on the strength of the road.

concept of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation

ments allows each layer of the overall pavement structure to be analyzed
TO method, the analysis of the Envirogrid® layer can be accomplished by the
he layer being substituted.

The first step consists of considering the subgrade strength and other
t to calculate a minimum required Structural Number, which is a measure of

mum required Structural Number.

um required Structural Number for a specific facility or for a type or class of

e designer wishes to consider Envirogrid® as an to one of the layers, he need

the necessary overall strength of the road,

ional factor.

affic loads over the life of the system and

e soils to moisture and temperature,
United States.

nity to include other factors having to do with

ose materials

d material based on published tables and/or local

ickness of the layer in inches to arrive at number
e overall structural number. The contributions of each
reat as the required minimum. Several
sed on the designer's judgment.

ents for each layer and the letter "D" represent the

+ a2 x D2 + a3 x D3

(a2 x D2) represents the next layer, and so on for as

erial is measured per inch of that material.

umber found by multiplying the material's

individual layer's structural number is then

ndy soil is 0.35.

ant the material is to vertical or lateral force.

em is 2.90 and the engineer wants the top layer of the system
er of the following selections for the remainder of the base:

(15 x 0.14) + (2 x 0.41) = 2.92

 (6 x 0.35) + (2 x 0.41) = 2.92

ase material is normally used in a given design, he or she

on to their structural coefficients. For example, EnviroGrid®
e support value of sandy soil without EnviroGrid®. The rule
e times the support value of unconfined aggregates.

") and for "D", yielding the

Top layer Instructions: Input values for

SC Thickness the various structural
coefficients and desired
thicknesses for each layer in
+ 0.44 x 6.0 the yellow highlighted areas.
The resulting structural
number is displayed on the
+ 0.44 x 6.0 left of the equation in the
green highlighted areas.
+ 0.14 x 10.0

imum found in Step I, above.

of installation.

modation to our customers. No warranty or other representation

e due to the fact that each installation has specific requirements
dure. Geo Products, LLC makes no warranties or representations
applications. Our liability is limited to furnishing, without charge,
roven defective under normal use and service.
 Structural Layer Coefficients Proposed by AASHTO Committee
on Design*

Pavement Component Coefficient

Surface Course
Road mix (low stability) - Light Concrete 0.20
Plant mix (high stability) - Std. Concrete 0.44
Sand asphalt 0.40
Asphaltic concrete 0.41
Base Course
Sandy gravel 0.07
Crushed stone 0.14
Cement-treated (no soil-cement)
Compressive strength @ 7 days
650 psi or more 0.23
400 psi to 650 0.20
400 psi or less 0.15
Bituminous-treated
Coarse-graded 0.34
Sand asphalt 0.30
Lime-treated Soils
1% 0.11
2% 0.15
3% 0.18
4% 0.21
5% 0.23
6% 0.26
7% 0.30
8% 0.33
Sub-base Course
Sandy gravel 0.11
 Sand or sandy clay 0.05 - 0.10

*From"Interim Guide for Design of Pavement Structures," American

Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, 1972.

Geo Products, LLC provides this information only as an accommodation to our customers.
No warranty or other representation regarding the suitability of the application
procedures is made due to the fact that each installation has specific requirements that
may not have been considered in this generalized procedure. Geo Products, LLC makes no
warranties or representations regarding the suitability of its EnviroGrid® for specific uses
or applications. Our liability is limited to furnishing, without charge, a replacement for any
EnviroGrid® that is proven defective under normal use and service.
 Equivalent Layer Thicknesses

EnviroGrid® filled Asphaltic

Material Crushed Stone Sandy Gravel
with sandy soil Concrete

Structural
0.35 0.41 - 0.44 0.14 0.07 - 0.11
Coefficient

4" (100 mm) 3.4" (86 mm) 10" (254 mm) 12.7" (323 mm)

Thickness
6" (150 mm) 5.1" (123 mm) 15" (381 mm) 19.1" (485 mm)
Equivalent

8" (200 mm) 6.8" (173 mm) 20" (508 mm) 25.5" (648 mm)

This table shows the thickness equivalent of Envirogrid compared to various other materials. The strength
of Envirogrid filled with sandy soil is equivalent to 3.4 inches of paved concrete, 10 inches of crushed ston
of sandy gravel, 17.5 inches of lime-stabilized soil, and 20 inches of sandy soil.

Geo Products, LLC provides this information only as an accommodation to

our customers. No warranty or other representation regarding the suitability
of the application procedures is made due to the fact that each installation
has specific requirements that may not have been considered in this
generalized procedure. Geo Products, LLC makes no warranties or
representations regarding the suitability of its EnviroGrid® for specific uses or
applications. Our liability is limited to furnishing, without charge, a
replacement for any EnviroGrid® that is proven defective under normal use
and service.
ses

Lime-Stabilized Sandy Soil

Soil

0.08 - 0.15 0.05 - 0.10

17.5" (445 mm) 20" (508 mm)

26.3" (668 mm) 30" (762 mm)

35" (889 mm) 40" (1016 mm)

ous other materials. The strength of four inches

ncrete, 10 inches of crushed stone, 12.7 inches
soil.

n only as an accommodation to
entation regarding the suitability
o the fact that each installation
have been considered in this
LLC makes no warranties or
EnviroGrid® for specific uses or
urnishing, without charge, a
ven defective under normal use
 Infill Cost Comparison Calculator
These values are for material cost only and do not include labor or installation

Select Material type Crushed Stone/Aggregate

Material Density (lb/ft3) 115 Material Density Charts Online:
Material Layer Thickness (inches) 25
Delivered Cost per ton of Material ($) 20

Crushed Stone/Aggregate Nothing Nothing

Envirogrid Equivalent Layer thickness (inches) 8 Nothing Nothing
Cost of Biaxial Geogrid per ft2 (if reqd.) $0.00
Cost of Nonwoven Geotextile per ft (If reqd.)
2
$0.00
Cost of Envirogrid Material per ft2 $0.00
Total ft of Project
2
50,000.00

Crushed Stone/Aggregate Nothing Nothing

Cost of Material per ft2 $2.40 Nothing Nothing
Cost of Envirogrid System infilled per ft 2
$0.81 Nothing Nothing
Savings per ft2 $1.59 Nothing Nothing
% of Original Cost 33.60% Nothing Nothing
Total Savings $79,541.67 Nothing Nothing
Total Cost $40,250.00 Nothing Nothing
 Crushed Stone/Aggregate
Charts Online: http://www.reade.com/Particle_Briefings/spec_gra2.html Sandy Gravel
Lime-Stabilized Soil
Sandy Soil
Key:
= Select from List Metric Units
= Input Standard Units
Nothing = Output
Nothing = Savings and costs

Steps:
1. Select Material type from Dropdown list
2. Input Material Density (lb/ft 3)
3. Input Material Layer thickness (inches)
Nothing 4. Input Delivered cost per ton of material
Nothing 5. Input Cost of Envirogrid / ft2
Nothing 6. Input Cost of Biaxial geogrid / ft 2 (if required)
Nothing 7. Input Cost of Nonwoven geotextile / ft 2 (if required)
Nothing 6. Input Total ft2 of project
Nothing 7. Enjoy your Savings!
Nothing
 Infill Cost Comparison Calculator
These values are for material cost only and do not include labor or installation

Select Material type Crushed Stone/Aggregate

Material Density (g/cm3 or t/m3) 2 Material Density Charts Online:
Material Layer Thickness (cm) 20
Delivered Cost per Metric Ton of Material ($) 40

Crushed Stone/Aggregate Nothing Nothing

Envirogrid Equivalent Layer thickness (cm) 6.7 Nothing Nothing
Cost of Biaxial Geogrid per m2 (if reqd.) $0.00
Cost of Nonwoven Geotextile per m (If reqd.)
2
$0.00
Cost of Envirogrid Material per m2 $0.00
Total m of Project
2
50,000.00

Crushed Stone/Aggregate Nothing Nothing

Cost of Material per m2 $16.00 Nothing Nothing
Cost of Envirogrid System infilled per m 2
$5.34 Nothing Nothing
Savings per m2 $10.66 Nothing Nothing
% of Original Cost 33.35% Nothing Nothing
Total Savings $533,200.00 Nothing Nothing
Total Cost $266,800.00 Nothing Nothing
 Crushed Stone/Aggregate
Charts Online: http://www.reade.com/Particle_Briefings/spec_gra2.html Sandy Gravel
Lime-Stabilized Soil
Sandy Soil
Key:
= Select from List Metric Units
= Input Standard Units
Nothing = Output
Nothing = Savings and costs

Steps:
1. Select Material type from Dropdown list
2. Input Material Density (g/cm3 or t/m3)
3. Input Material Layer thickness (cm)
Nothing 4. Input Delivered cost per ton of material
Nothing 5. Input Cost of Envirogrid / m2
Nothing 6. Input Cost of Biaxial geogrid / m 2 (if required)
Nothing 7. Input Cost of Nonwoven geotextile / m2 (if required)
Nothing 6. Input Total m2 of project
Nothing 7. Enjoy your Savings!
Nothing