FIVE NATURE ARTICLES ABSTRACTS – brass

 Article
 Open Access
 Published: 06 November 2019

Electrochemical and DFT studies of brass corrosion inhibition in 3% NaCl in

the presence of environmentally friendly compounds

 Milan B. Radovanović,
 Žaklina Z. Tasić,
 Marija B. Petrović Mihajlović,
 Ana T. Simonović &
 Milan M. Antonijević

Scientific Reports volume 9, Article number: 16081 (2019) Cite this article
 487 Accesses
Abstract
The effects of adenine, salicylaldoxime and 4(5)-methylimidazole on brass corrosion
in NaCl were investigated. The investigation comprised electrochemical techniques,
scanning electron microscopy and quantum chemical calculation. The results
obtained by polarization measurements show that the examined compounds
successfully inhibited the corrosion of brass. Additionally, the quantum mechanical
calculations indicate that there is a correlation between energy gap and inhibition
efficiency. Moreover, the inhibition mechanism includes the adsorption of the
inhibitor on active sites on the electrode surface, which was confirmed by SEM-EDS
analysis of the brass.

 rticle
 Open Access
 Published: 23 January 2020

The Effect of a Substrate Material on Composition Gradients of Fe-Ni Films

obtained by Electrodeposition

 Anna Maria Białostocka,

 Urszula Klekotka &
 Beata Kalska-Szostko

Scientific Reports volume 10, Article number: 1029 (2020) Cite this article
 197 Accesses
Abstract
The electrodeposition of FeNi alloy films was performed galvanostatically in the
sulfate solution (Fe2+/Ni2+ mass ratio 1:2) in order investigate their co-deposition
 mechanism. The FeNi layers were deposited at variable substrates (copper, brass,
silver) under the same chemical (electrolyte composition) and electric plating
(current density value) conditions. After applying various time, substrates and
external magnetic field orientation, the quality of the obtained film was examined.
The surface morphology and crystallographic texture variation were investigated by
the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy
(EDX), Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) and Laser Confocal
Scanning Microscope (LCSM). The anomalous co-deposition of iron group metals is
evidently dependent on the substrate.

 Article
 Open Access
 Published: 20 November 2019

The potentiality of sinking EDM for micro-impressions on Ti-6Al-4V: keeping

the geometrical errors (axial and radial) and other machining measures (tool
erosion and work roughness) at minimum

 Naveed Ahmed,
 Saqib Anwar,
 Kashif Ishfaq,
 Madiha Rafaqat,
 Mustafa Saleh &
 Shafiq Ahmad

Scientific Reports volume 9, Article number: 17218 (2019) Cite this article
 541 Accesses
 1 Citations
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Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V is a material of high interest in various industrial sectors including
biomedical, automotive and aerospace. Conventional means of machining
encounter different types of difficulties. Electric discharge machining (EDM) is not a
contest of hardness. Circular impressions of micro-depth are produced in Ti-6Al-4V
using four different electrode materials including aluminum, brass, graphite and
copper, each assigned positive and negative polarity. In order to get precise control
over the geometry of micro-impressions dimensional accuracy and tool wear must
be controlled. Thus, EDM performance has been evaluated in terms of axial
dimensional error (D.E_Axi), radial dimensional error (D.E_Rad), tool length
reduction (TLR), and surface roughness (SR). Since the EDM process is stochastic
in nature therefore in addition to tool polarity only two factors are considered as
variables, i.e. discharge current and pulse-time-ratio (ration of on-time to off-time).
The behaviors of each of the four electrode materials are compared together under
each of the two polarities and two variables for each of the four response
 characteristics. The search is carried out to select the most appropriate tool
electrode polarity (common for all responses) and a single common electrode
capable of minimizing all the four response measures simultaneously. Moreover,
microstructures of the machined impressions are discussed. Without any
compromise in the minimum values of response measures, no single polarity and a
single electrode are found common. However, with a slight compromise over the
machining measures negative tool polarity and copper electrode served the purpose
of set objectives (minimum of D.E, TLR, and SR). The expanse of compromise is
found to be ≤ 50 µm in axial and radial dimensional errors, 0.8 µm in surface
roughness and no compromise in tool length reduction if the copper electrode is
assigned with negative polarity.

 Letter
 Published: 15 June 1973

Wear of English Monumental Brasses caused by Brass Rubbing

 J. T. YATES JUN.,
 T. E. MADEY &
 H. L. ROOK

Nature volume 243, pages422–424(1973)Cite this article

 3 Accesses
 2 Citations
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Abstract
THERE are about 8,000 monumental brasses in the churches of Britain,
representing only a small proportion of the total number of brasses set in place
between about 1250 and 1650 (ref. 1). The preparation of rubbings of many of these
brasses is extensively practised at present, particularly by visitors to England.
Although brass rubbing (in the Netherlands) is documented as far back as 1656, the
use of a wax crayon on paper has been popular in Britain only since the early
nineteenth century2. Thus, when viewed in historical perspective, the increasingly
popular brass rubbing activity must be considered as a comparatively new feature in
the history of the monumental brasses. Our study was undertaken to determine
whether repeated brass rubbing over periods of the order of a century will result in
significant brass wear caused by the friction of the back of brass rubbing paper
against the brass.

 Article
 Open Access
 Published: 18 April 2017
 Efficient Heat Dissipation of Uncooled 400-Gbps (16×25-Gbps) Optical
Transceiver Employing Multimode VCSEL and PD Arrays

 Tien-Tsorng Shih,
 Yu-Chieh Chi,
 Ruei-Nian Wang,
 Chao-Hsin Wu,
 Jian-Jang Huang,
 Jau-Ji Jou,
 Tai-Cheng Lee,
 Hao-Chung Kuo,
 Gong-Ru Lin &
 Wood-Hi Cheng

Scientific Reports volume 7, Article number: 46608 (2017) Cite this article
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 5 Citations
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Abstract
An effective heat dissipation of uncooled 400-Gbps (16×25-Gbps) form-factor
pluggable (CDFP) optical transceiver module employing chip-on-board multimode
25-Gbps vertical-surface-emitting-laser (VCSEL) and 25-Gbps photodiode (PD)
arrays mounted on a brass metal core embedded within a printed circuit board (PCB)
is proposed and demonstrated. This new scheme of the hollow PCB filling with
thermally-dissipated brass metal core was simulated and used for high temperature
and long term stability operation of the proposed 400-Gbps CDFP transceiver.
During one-hour testing, a red-shift of central wavelength by 0.4-nm corresponding
temperature increment of 6.7 °C was observed with the brass core assisted cooler
module. Such a temperature change was significantly lower than that of 28.3 °C for
the optical transceiver driven with conventional circuit board. After 100-m distance
transmission over a multimode fiber (OM4), the 400-Gbps CDFP transceiver
exhibited dispersion penalty of 2.6-dB, power budget of ≧ 3-dB, link loss of ≦ 0.63-
dB, mask margin of 20%, and bit error rate (BER) of <10−12 with maintained stability
more than one hour. The developed 400-Gbps CDFP transceiver module employing
low-power consumption VCSEL and PD arrays, effective coupling lens arrays, and
well thermal-dissipation brass metal core is suitable for use in the low-cost and high-
performance data center applications.