A Study On Differences of Greeting Styles Among Tesl Students in Kuptm KL

A STUDY ON DIFFERENCES OF GREETING STYLES AMONG TESL STUDENTS
IN KUPTM KL.
BY
AZREEN ZULAIKHA BINTI ASRI (AM1805004116)
ASMIRA ADLA BINTI AZAMSHAH (AM1805004135)
NUR FATIN ATIQAH BINTI ZULFIKAR ALI (AM1805003697)
MUHAMMAD FARIEZ FARIHIN BIN MARZUKI (AM1805004169)
MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN MAZLAN NIZAM (AM1805004180)
DIPLOMA IN TEACHING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (TESL)
MISS AZWA BINTI ABDUL GHANI @ MOHD YUNUS
KOLEJ UNIVERSITI POLY-TECH MARA KUALA LUMPUR
MAY 2019
0
BE101-KOLEJ UNIVERISTI POLY-TECH MARA
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.0 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………3
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY…………………………………………………...4
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS………………………………………………………5
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY……………………………………………………...5
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS……………………………………………………………5
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY………………………………………………………….6
1.6 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………6
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………….7
2.1 POLITENESS AND INTERACTION…………………………………………….……7
2.2 GREETING IN POLITENESS CONTEXT……………………………………....……8
2.3 STYLES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING…………………..……………….9
2.4 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………10
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
3.0 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………12
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN…………………………………………………………………12
3.2 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS………………………………………………………..13
3.3 RESEARCH PROCEDURES………………………………………………………..13
3.4 METHOD OF RESEARCH……………………………………………………...……13
3.5 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………14
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS
4.0 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………15
4.1 FINDING PART A OF QUESTIONNAIRE – BACKGROUND OF

RESPONDENT…………………………………………………………………………….15
1
4.2 FINDING PART B OF QUESTIONNAIRE – DIFFERENT STYLES OF
GREETING…………………………………………………………………………………17
4.3 FINDING PART C OF QUESTIONNAIRE – FACTOR CONTRIBUTE TO THE

DIFFERENCES IN GREETING…………………………………………………………..24
4.4 FINDING PART D OF QUESTIONNAIRE – EFFECTS ON DIFFERENT STYLES

IN GREETING…………………………………………………………...…………………33
4.5 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………...41
CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION
5.0 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………45
5.1 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS……………………………………………..………….45
5.2 SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………46
5.3 CONCLUSION ……………………………………………………………………..…46
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………….………………48
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A STUDY ON DIFFERENCES OF GREETING STYLES AMONG TESL STUDENTS
IN KUPTM KL.
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This chapter would briefly describe about the introduction of the research. It discusses
the need to examine the problems. Consequently, the objectives of the study are done
and shown in this chapter. Research questions are also stated as the main issues that
the researcher will be looking into. This study is done in order to obtain the differences
of greeting among KUPTM KL TESL students. The understanding of the differences
of greeting among students will easily be understood. On top of that, it also helps in
identifying the factors that contribute to the differences in greeting among KUPTM KL
TESL students in their social interaction. The usage of proper greeting, appropriate
greeting and understatement of greeting are also affected in differences of greeting.
Hence, this study is conducted in order to determine the differences of greeting in daily
conversation among KUPTM KL TESL students. Greetings are a message that says
you hope someone is well and happy for their wellbeing. Greetings are something nice
or polite that you say or do when you meet or welcome someone. For instance,
“Namaste” the Sanskrit word of greeting, is a combination if two roots meaning, “I bow
to that inherent in you”. It can also take on the religion meaning: “That which is divine
in me recognizes the divinity in you”. Researcher believes in the importance of
greetings. Bowing, touching noses, hooking fingers, clasping palms, kissing cheeks,
and yes, bumping fists are important signs if acknowledgement. “Bonjour” – the wish
for a good day – “Shalom”, “Salam” – a wish for peace – these words are important.
The highest virtues among the Bedouin are hospitality and generosity. When the
visitors come to your door. In Haiti, it is customary to invite hem in with the word, “one”
or “honour” and for them to answer back “respé” or “respect”. Researcher been told
that a common Chinese greeting means, “Have you eaten today?”. For many people
in the world, welcoming someone suggests nourishment. West Africans are known to
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greet the ancestors by pouring libations. As a TESL students in KUPTM KL we also
need to know various styles of greeting so that we can greet international student using
their language and would not offend them. This can expand TESL students in KUPTM
KL knowledge about other race, nationality and ethnicity.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Greeting is an act of interaction in which human beings make their presence known to
each other intentionally, to suggest a type of social status or solidarity between
individuals or groups of people encountering each other. Greetings can be initiated
both physically and verbally, though sometimes they involve a mixture of both.
Greetings are very important in Malaysia and are thought to indicate the respect you
will show an individual from then on. When greeting a group of people, the oldest
person should be greeted first. It is important to give thought of addressing individuals
according to their appropriate status (i.e. Mr, Mrs, Doctor, Dato’, Datin) unless they
specifically ask you to speak informally. If you indicate that you prefer to be addressed
on a first-time basis, you may find they feel more comfortable to continue to use your
title and name. the common Malay verbal greeting is, “Salaam”. TESL students in
KUPTM KL tend to greet each other using this method. Elders may be addressed as
“Pakcik” (uncle) or “Makcik” (aunty) out of respect. We ourselves may similarly be
referred to in this way by people younger than ourselves. The common greeting across
all ethnicities is a handshake. In a culturally diverse environment of KUPTM campus.
Students would greet each other with a handshake to express their respect towards
other ethnicities, however, physical contact between men and women is not permitted
in all circumstances. One should wait to see if a particular woman extends her first for
a handshake. People may put one hand over their chest and give a slight nod to greet
those they perceive are accustomed to being touched. Muslim
Malays may greet people of the same gender by using both hands to grasp others.
Students’ formal greetings involve extending both hands to the recipient’s right hand
and placing it between one’s own or they make a small bow and place their right hand
on their heart.
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1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
There are various ways of greeting in Malaysia given how culturally diverse the country
is. Not only that it is important to study and get to know all the greetings method in
order not to offend fellow Malaysians, it is also crucial so that we could retain the
peacefulness in the country. For example, in this era of developing technology, most
of us tend not to know how to greet others properly. Let it be family members or a
random stranger on the street, most of us have yet to master the proper way of
greeting when it comes to stumbling upon others. We would think by just slightly
lowering our heads are proper enough to greet others, though of course that us utterly
incomplete or incorrect. Nowadays parents think that morale studies are nothing but a
hassle to their children. Little do they know that our community is still lacking morale
studies and as the result there would just be more immoral younglings in our country.
Ultimately, it is crucial for TESL students in KUPTM KL to know how crucial proper
greeting is.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To study the different style in greetings among TESL students in KUPTM KL.
2. To determine the factors contributing to the difference in greetings among TESL

students in KUPTM KL.
3. To identify the effects on the different styles of greeting among TESL students in
KUPTM KL.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What are the different styles in greetings among TESL students in KUPTM KL?
2. What are the factors contributing to the difference in greetings among TESL
students in KUPTM KL?
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3. What effects on the different styles of greeting among TESL students in KUPTM
KL?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The finding of this study is important to the students especially TESL students in
KUPTM KL. This is to show that greeting can set the tone for communication whether
to express care, warmth, friendliness, etc. It may also set the tone for friendliness.
However, it does not necessarily mean high solidarity, but an expression of tradition,
norms or behavioural trend. Additionally, it could be a signpost to a person’s place of
origin, tribe, ethnicity, race or nationality of an individual. Technically greeting could
also show if someone is in a good term with you or not particularly, when the
expression is done cheerfully and with great concern. Otherwise, if you greet the other
party unenthusiastically, the other party can easily notice and examine the reason for
such disposition. A total refusal to greet means the parties involved are not in a good
term. Moreover, cultivating the habit of greeting is one way to get along with other
people; and it also helps to promote personal perception. It is also a way to know if
you are acceptable or not. A rejected greeting could mean one is not acceptable or
allowed to stay in one setting or given the space to communicate with others.
1.6 CONCLUSION
This chapter has covered the background of the study, the statement of the problems,
objectives of the study, the research questions and the significance of study. The next
chapter will be covered on the literature review and the theoretical framework of the
study.
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 INTRODUCTION
Conventionally, human greets each other to show respect, avoid intruding other
people’s businesses. It is to avoid misunderstanding and conflict between people.
Greeting is usually implied in the face-to-face conversation. It appears that nowadays
younger generations pay particular attention to non-verbal greeting forms. They
interlink verbal and non-verbal greeting forms to show their attitude towards the
interlocutor.
2.1 POLITENESS AND INTERACTION
In order to make sense of what it said in an interaction, we have to look at various

factors which relate to social distance and closeness. Some of these factors are
established prior to an interaction, thus, are largely external factors. They typically
involve the relative status of the participants, based on social values, such as, age and
power. We take part in a wide range of interactions (mostly with strangers) where the
social distance determined by external factors are dominant. Internal factors, such as,
degree of friendliness can result in the initial social distance changing and being
marked, as less or more during the interaction. They are typically more relevant to
participants whose social relationships are actually in the process of being of being
worked out within the interaction. Both external and internal factors have an influence,
not only on what we say, but also on how we are interpreted. Based on George Yule
(1996), “The interpretation of what is uttered usually goes beyond what was intended
to be expressed, and includes evaluations in terms of politeness. Therefore, one can
clearly observe that much more is communicated than is said during a sociolinguistic
interaction”. According to Robin Lakoff (1973), “politeness can be summarised in three
maxims; don’t impose, give options and make your receiver feels good”. In terms of
politeness, Brown and Levinson (1978) suggest that “a need to be polite is common
to all cultures”. In other words, politeness is when we show good manners and
consideration to other people. In linguistic studies, politeness means the way that
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people choose to speak and how the hearers react to their speech. According to Brown
and Levinson (1978) have concluded that, “in order to enter into social relationships,
all people must acknowledge the face of other people or the concept of face”. As a
technical term, face means the public self-image of a person. It refers to that emotional
and social sense of self that everyone has and expects everyone else to recognise. In
the concept of face, politeness can be defined as the means to show awareness of
another person’s face. In this sense, politeness can be accomplished in situations of
social distance or closeness. Showing awareness for another person’s face when the
other seems socially distance is often described in terms of respect. Showing the
equivalent awareness when the other is socially close is often described in terms of
friendliness, camaraderie, and solidarity. According to George Yule (1996), In terms
of “face wants”, people generally behave as if their expectations concerning their
public self-image, or their face will be respected. If a speaker says something that
represents a threat to another individual, it is described as a “face threatening act”. If
a speaker says something to lessen the possible threat, it is called a “face saving act”.
He also said that people have two faces; the negative face and the positive face.
Negative face is when we have the need to be independent, to have freedom of action,
and not to be imposed by others. Positive face is the need to be accepted, and even
liked by others.
2.2 GREETING IN POLITENESS CONTEXT
Greetings are used to basically say hello in English. It is common to use different
greetings depending on whether you greet a friend, family or business associate.
When you meet friends, you can use informal greetings instead. If it is really important,
use formal greetings. Formal greetings are used when you are not close with someone
or when you do not know someone well. Greetings also depend on whether you are
saying ‘hello’ or you are saying ‘goodbye’. In daily conversation among students, it
shows that not all greets informally with each other.
“As a significant aspect of politeness, greetings have been studied in disciplines such
as sociology, anthropology, sociolinguistics and discourse analysis, yet there has been
8
no systematic investigation of their use across different languages from both pragmatic
and sociolinguistic perspectives.” – Li (2010)
“The speech act of greeting is a particularly appropriate speech act to investigate in a

culture because it acts as a reflection through which we can find out what is valued in
a particular culture. We cannot start our conversation without a greeting. Everyone
can find themselves trying to express pleasure each time they meet a hearer.
Consequently, “greeting” is one of the most repeated expressive acts in our life.” –
Jibreen (2010)
Malay greets each other with salaam, in which both shakes hands. This gesture is
used when saying hello and goodbye. Men should not shake hands with women
unless the women extend their hands first. Different ethnic groups address each other
using different names. To avoid confusion, ask a person how they want to be
addressed.
According to Youki Terada (2018), greeting each students at the door with a positive
message brings benefits for both students and also teacher. Most of the time,
university students greets each other with a hug between same sex if they are close
to each other. If they are not close to each other, they just smile to each other to show
acknowledgement. Some of the students wave their hands and smile to show
politeness. By greeting each other, it shows that you respect them and it shows good
quality among people.
2.3 STYLES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING
Greet someone when you are introduced. Once you have been introduced to
someone, the next time you meet that person, it is important to greet them with ‘hello’
and also ‘goodbye’. In English, there are different ways to greet people in formal and
also informal situations.
“How do you do?” is only a way to show formality. In other words, the greeting does
not need to be answered. Rather it is a standard phrase used when meeting someone
for the first time. When you are happy to meet them, you would use, “it’s a pleasure to
9
meet you.” Once you have met someone regularly, it is common to use standard
greeting such as, “Good morning”, “How are you?”, and “Hello.”
For formal context we usually use, “Hello (name), how are you?”, “Good day
Sir/Madam”, or “ It’s a pleasure to meet you.” How you greet someone depends on
your solidarity and the topic that is being discussed. For informal context, we usually
talk freely with the person such as, “Hey”, “What’s up?” “Long time no see,” or “Later.”
We usually use these types of greeting between our close friends and family.
2.4 Conclusion
In this chapter, the researcher explains about politeness and interaction which
includes the definition and the factors of politeness and interaction. The researcher
also explains the greeting in politeness and the different styles of greeting.
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A Study On The Differences In Greeting Styles Among Students In KUPTM KL.
FACULTY OF EDUCATION, HUMANITIES AND ARTS
KOLEJ UNIVERSITI POLY-TECH MARA KUALA LUMPUR
TEACHING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (BE101)
Dear respondents,
We are students KUPTM KL, currently conducting research for our Mini
Research Project. The purpose we are conducting this research is to investigate the
different styles in greetings among students in KUPTM KL. Other than that, we also
wanted to determine the factors contributing to the different styles in greetings among
students in KUPTM KL. Finally, to identify the effects on different styles of greeting
towards students in KUPTM KL.
Please be assured your responses will be treated as a confidential and the survey will
only be used for academic purposes.
Thank you,
AZREEN ZULAIKHA BINTI ASRI (AM1805004116)
ASMIRA ADILA BINTI AZAMSHAH (AM1805004135)
NUR FATIN ATIQAH BINTI ZULFIKAR ALI (AM1805003697)
MUHAMMAD FARIEZ FARIHIN BIN MARZUKI (AM1805004169)
MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN MAZLAN NIZAM (AM1805004180)
11
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.0 INTRODUCTION
This section discusses the methodological aspects in which researchers must study
literature in various aspects. It includes design, subject selection and data collection
methods. It must be observed throughout the measurement approach and research
methods as well. This information should be considered in design, followed by
measurement techniques as well. The method used by researchers for this research
is a quantitative methods.
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN
Gregory R. Hancock, (2017) states that the research design determines how the whole
problem of research becomes discourses, including how respondents are selected,
the variables and how they are manipulated, and how data has been collected and
analyzed. The methods used by researchers for research projects are quantitative
methods.
For quantitative methods, use a questionnaire. This is one of the most common
methods of data collection using a variety of questionnaires. It is also popular because
of the fact that they are easy to do and can easily collect large numbers of respondents
with information in the form of standby process. But, in dealing with each step in
quantitative methods, it is complicated to understand human behavior, to get the
meaning of each question that has been answered by the chosen respondent.
For this quantitative method, in this research, 40 questionnaires have been distributed
to 40 random TESL students from KUPTM KL. A set of questionnaires were divided
into 4 parts, which are part A, B, C and D simultaneously.
3.2 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

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This research was conducted using quantitative methods. The most common
quantitative data is expressed in numbers because it includes the number of participant
information and data analysis. For this method, the researchers distributed
questionnaires to random TESL students from KL KUPTM to answer questions.
3.3 RESEARCH PROCEDURES
The data will be gathered from the questionnaire that has been distributed in order to evaluate
the respondents’ way of greeting among male and female. There are two stages in doing the
procedures which are selecting the participants and data analysis.
3.3.1 Stage 1: Selecting the participants
The research is conducted at the KUPTM KL among chosen respondents from random
students there. For questionnaires, researcher analyzed that it gets respond from random 40
students that answering the questionnaire by filling the handout given.
3.3.2 Stage 2: Data Analysis
i. Quantitative data analysis

In this research, researcher also used pie charts in analyzing the data obtained from the
questionnaire, in order to analyze the data from the questionnaire that has been
distributed to the random students of KUPTM KL. To analyze the questionnaire, it must
refer based on the majority of the correspondent’s responds to each part of the
questions, next, it will ease the researcher to calculate and determine the exact number
of the percentage.
3.4 METHOD OF RESEARCH
Research methods used for this research project are quantitative methods. for this method,
the questionnaire, it is one of the most common methods of data collection by using various
types of questionnaires. It is also popular because of the fact that they are easy to do and can
easily gather the majority of respondents with information in the form of standby processes.
But, in dealing with each step in quantitative methods, it is complicated to understand human
behavior, to get the meaning of each question answered by the respondent.
13
Meanwhile, in this study, each questionnaire consists of 4 sections with 33 questions
distributed. For data obtained by researchers from the questionnaire, researchers use pie
charts and bar charts to identify the difference between each answer based on respondents
who have been answered. With the pie chart the researchers can calculate the percentage
easier and more structured.
3.5 CONCLUSION
To conclude in this chapter, researchers use quantitative methods to carry out this study. This
method demonstrates the strengths and weaknesses when researchers conduct this study.
Based on the methods studied, researchers have incorporated findings in the methodology to
clarify the stages produced in procedural procedures.
CHAPTER 4
DATA ANALYSIS
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4.0 INTRODUCTION
This chapter will discuss about the findings of the research. The research was conducted with
quantitative method, primarily discuss about “The differences of greeting styles among
students in KUPTM KL”. This chapter explains the findings of the study which was collected
in the questionnaires. The findings will be explained as well as in pie charts and bar graphs
form.
4.1 Finding Part A of Questionnaire – Background of Respondent
Questionnaire analysis was carried out as a descriptive analysis to facilitate a comprehensive

analysis process with pie charts and bar graphs form although there were questionnaires
which were open questions aimed at obtaining various types of answers
This section of questionnaire covered the age, living area, gender and level of education. The
demographic background helped to understand findings and the results of the research.
Chart Title
Age,Age, 25-26
23-24 y/o,y/o,
2, 1,
Age, 21-22 y/o, 2%
5% 3,
8%
19-20 y/o
21-22 y/o
23-24 y/o
25-26 y/o
Age, 19-20 y/o, 33,

85%
Figure 4.1.(a)
Based on figure 4.1(a), most of the respondents participated in this research are found to be
among 19 to 20 years old and only 2% of them are 25 to 26 years old.
15
Gender, , 0, 0%Chart Title
Gender, , 0, 0%
Gender, Male, 8,
20%
Gender,
Female, 32,
80%
Male Female
Figure 4.1(b)
Based on figure 4.1(b), it shows that total 40 respondents who have participated in this
research are consisted of 32 (80%) female and another 8 (20%) male students who are
currently studying in KUPTM KL.
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Semester , , 0, 0%
Semester , Sem 5 -
Chart Title
Semester , Sem 1 -
6, 7, 18% 2, 0, 0%
Sem 3 - 4
Sem 5 - 6
Semester , Sem 3 -
4, 33, 82%
Figure 4.1(d)
Based on figure 4.1(d) shows that most of the respondent on this study consists of semester
3 and 4 students in KUPTM KL, in contrast to Semester 1-2 and Semester 5-6 students which
Semester 5-6 students only consisted around 7 of them (18%) and none of semester 1-2
students.
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4.2 Finding Part B of Questionnaire – Different Styles of Greeting
4.5.1 Question 1: Do you apply greeting when you meet people?
3.23%3
%
3.23%
93.55%
Chart 4.1.1 (Female)

Based on the chart, the percentage of female respondents who apply greeting when
they meet people is 93.55% whereas 3.23% of the female respondents do not apply
greeting when meeting people. 3.23% of the female respondents stated other answer
such as greeting only those who they are familiar with.
Chart 4.1.2 (Male)

Referring to Chart 4.1.2, 75% of the male respondents apply greeting when meeting
people. The rest 25% of them stated other answer such as applying greeting only
sometimes.
4.5.2 Question 2: How do you start your greeting?
0%
0%
3.13%
34.38%
62.5%
Chapter 4.1.3 (Female)
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Based on Chart 4.1.3, 62.5% of the female respondents start their greeting with a
smile. 34.38% of them would say “hi”, the rest 3.13% would start their greeting
sarcastically and none of the respondents would ignore nor state other way of greeting.
Chart 4.1.4 (Male)

Referring to Chart 4.1.4, 72.73% of the male respondents would start their greeting
with a smile. The rest 27.27% would start their greeting by saying “hi”. None of the
male respondents would ignore, start their greeting sarcastically or state other ways
of starting their greeting.
4.5.4 Question 3: How do you greet someone?
0%
2.86%
51.43%
45.71%
Based on Chart 4.1.3, 51.43% of the female respondents would greet someone by
saying “hi”. The total of 45.71% of the female respondents would greet someone with
a smile whereas the rest 2.86% respondents would just pretend that the person is not
there.
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Chart 4.1.4 (Male)
Chart 4.1.4 shows how 50% of the male respondents would greet someone with a
smile. 30% of them would say “hi” and 20% stated other answers like giving “salaam”
or just simply lower their head.
4.5.4 Question 4: How do you greet your close friends?
5.88%
2.94%
17.65%
73.53%

Based on chart 4.1.5, 73.53% of the female respondents would greet their close
friends by talking about things that has happened in the morning. 17.65% of them
would say “hi” whereas 2.94% of the female respondents would pretend their close
friends are not there. The rest 5.88% stated other answers; 1 stated that she will
scream her friends’ name. Meanwhile, female respondent 2 answered that she would
slap her friends.
Chart 4.1.6 (Male)

Referring to Chart 4.1.6, the total of 40% of the male respondents chose to greet their
close friends by saying “hi”. 30% of them would talk about things that has happened
in the morning, 20% would just pretend that their close friends are not there, and the
rest 10% stated other answers like giving a “salaam”.
20
4.5.4 Question 5: How do you greet your parents after a long day at school?
2.78%
11.11%
55.56%
16.67%
13.89%
Based on Chart 4.1.7, 55.56% of the female respondents would kiss their parents’
cheeks, give kisses or hug their parents. 16.67% of them would just simply say “hi”,
13.89% chose to only give them handshakes and 11.11% would just stay silent without
greeting their parents. The rest 2.78% stated other answer like greeting their parents
with a “salaam”.
Chart 4.1.8 (Male)
Given the chart above, it shows that 63.64% of the male respondents would kiss their
parents’ cheeks, give kisses or hugs when greeting their parents. 27.27% of them
would shake hands with their parents and the rest 18.18% would just simply say “hi”.
4.5.6 Question 6: How do you greet strangers that are asking some helps from
you?
2.86%
31.43%
34.29%
25.71%
5.71%
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Referring to Chart 4.1.9, 34.29% of the female respondents chose to greet strangers
that are asking help from them with a smile. 31.43% of the respondents would rather
just go straight to the point rather than greeting the strangers. 25.71% of the female
respondents chose to just stay silent, 5.71% of them would say “hi” whereas the rest
2.86% stated other answer such as that she will just ignore strangers.
Chart 4.2 (Male)
Looking at Chart 4.2, 40% of the male respondents chose to say “hi” when greeting
strangers that are asking help from them. Another 40% would prefer going straight to
the point without greeting and the rest 20% would greet strangers that are asking help
from them with a smile.
4.6.7 Question 7: How do you greet your lecturer?
0%
0%
0%
2.7%
64.86%
32.43%

Based on Chart 4.2.1, it shows that 65.86% of the female respondents would greet
their lecturers by either saying “hi” or “good morning”. 32.43% of them would greet
their lecturer with a smile and the rest 2.7% would offer a handshake.
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Chart 5.0 (Male)
Referring to Chart 4.2.2, 38.46% of the male respondents would greet their lecturer
with a smile. 38.46% of the respondents would also greet their lecturer by saying “hi”
or “good morning”. The rest 23.08% chose to offer a handshake when greeting their
lecturer.
4.5.8 Question 8: If you go to the bank, how do you greet the officer?
Respondent 1: I will smile and say “Hi” to the officer.
Respondent 2: I will say “Hi” and directly ask the officer for a favour.
Respondent 3: I will start with “Assalamualaikum” towards the officer.
Respondent 4: I will start with only a smile at the officer.
Based on the data collected via the questionnaires for Question 8, most of the
respondents would say “hi” or greet the officer rather than giving a smile. Then they
would proceed by asking the officer about banking.
4.5.9 Question 9: How do you ask helps from your friends that you are close
with?
Respondent 1: I will just direct to the point with my close friends.
Respondent 2: I will start with asking them if they are not busy and then I will proceed
asking them for help.
Respondent 3: I will give them some reward for helping me out.
Most of the respondents chose to be straightforward when they want to ask helps from
friends that they are close with. Some would offer their friends reward and a minority
of the respondents would ask first whether their friends are busy or not.
4.5.10 Question 10: How do you greet someone you hate?
23
Respondent 1: I will only smile.
Respondent 2: I will smile sarcastically.
Respondent 3: I will give a huge smile and say hi to them.
Majority of the respondents would either smile sincerely or sarcastically and only a few
of them would pretend that someone they hate is not there.
4.5.11 Question 11: How do you greet someone from the different culture?
Respondent 1: I start off with a smile, saying “Hi” or a simple “Good day”.
Respondent 2: I will smile and say “Hi” to them.
Respondent 3: I will just smile.
Respondent 4: I will just say “Hi”.
All of the respondents would greet someone from a different culture with a smile and
by saying “hi”.
4.5.12 Question 12: How do you greet someone from different gender?
Respondent 1: I will smile and bow at them.
Respondent 2: Say “Hi” or “Hello” and put a smile on my face.
Respondent 3: I will just smile and say “Hi”.
Respondent 4: I will just smile.
No respondents would offer a handshake when greeting someone from different
gender, they would use facial expressions like smiling and verbal greeting such as
saying “hi”.
4.3 Findings Part C of Questionnaire – Factor Contribute to the Differences in Greeting
Researcher team provided question with scale so that the respondent needs to choose which
scale based on their frequency. Below is scale representation:
1- Yes
2- No
24
4.3.1 Question 1: Do you think age is one of the factors that contribute you to greet
people in different styles?
Yes, Female, 32
DO YOU THINK AGE IS O N E No
Yes OF THE FACTORS THAT
CONTRIBUTE YOU TO GREET PEOPLE IN DIFFERENT STYLES?
Yes, Male, 8
No, Female, 0
No, Male, 0
Figure 4.3.1
Based on figure 4.3.1 it shows that all of the male and female respondents say yes to the
question given. It shows that the respondent saying that age is one of the factors that
contribute you to greet people in different styles.
25
4.3.2 Question 2: Do you think culture affect the way you greet people?
Yes, Female, 26
Yes No
DO YOU THINK CULTURE AFFECT THE WAY YOU GREET
PEOPLE?
No, Female, 6
Yes, Male, 4
No, Male, 4
Figure 4.3.2
From this figure of 4.3.2 it shows that most of female respondents saying yes which is 26
(81%) of them and 6 (19%) saying no towards this question. From male respondents there
equally saying both yes (50%) and no (50%) for the question that culture affect the way you
greet people.
26
4.3.3 Question 3: Do you think different gender can be one of the factors to your
greeting differently?
Yes, Female, 26
D O Y O U T H I N K D I F F E R E N T GYes
E N DNo
ER CAN BE ONE OF THE
F A C T O R S T O Y O U R G R E E T I N G D I F F E R E N T L Y?
No, Female, 6
Yes, Male, 6
No, Male, 2
Figure 4.3.3
Based on figure 4.3.3, it shows that total 26 of female respondents which consisted (81%) of
them saying yes and the other 6 (19%) says no for this question. Most of male respondents
say yes which consist 6 (75%) of them and the others (25%) answer no for the question; Do
you think different gender can be one of the factors to your greeting differently?
27
4.3.4 Question 4: Do you use different styles of greeting to different people in your
daily conversation?
Yes, Female, 28
D O Y O U U S E D I F F E R E N T S T Y Yes
L E S ONoF G R E E T I N G T O D I F F E R E N T
PEOPLE IN YOUR DAILY CONVERSATION?
Yes, Male, 8
No, Female, 4
No, Male, 0
Figure 4.3.4
Based on figure 4.3.4, it shows that majority of male respondents which consist 8 (100%) of
them answered yes for this question. Most of female respondents which consist 28 (88%) of
them and answered yes and the others 4 (12%) answer no for the question; Do you use
different styles of greeting to different people in your daily conversation?
28
4.3.5 Question 5: Do you consider status differences as a factor that contribute you to
greet people in different styles?
Yes, Female, 30
D O Y O U C O N S I D E R S T A T U S DYes
I F F ENo
RENCES AS A FACTOR THAT
CONTRIBUTE YOU TO GREET PEOPLE IN DIFFERENT STYLES?
Yes, Male, 6
No, Female, 2
No, Male, 2
Figure 4.3.5
Based on figure 4.3.5, it shows that majority of male respondents which consist 6 (75%) of
them considered that status differences as a factor that contribute you to greet people in
different styles and the others 2 denied it which consist (25%) of them. Most of female
respondents which consist 30 (94%) of them and answered yes and the others 2 (6%) answer
no for this question.
29
4.3.6 Question 6: Do you think formal or informal settings could be the reason you
greet in a different way?
Yes, Female, 32
Yes No
DO YOU THINK FORMAL OR INFORMAL SETTINGS COULD BE
THE REASON YOU GREET IN A DIFFERENT WAY?
Yes, Male, 8
No, Female, 0
No, Male, 0
Figure 4.3.6
Based on Figure 4.3.6, we can see that all the respondents, as 100% of them, totally agreed
that formal or informal settings could be the reason we greet in a different way. This question
is basically a fact since each of the respondents had the same thought while answering this
question.
30
4.3.7 Question 7: Do you think your surrounding influenced you to greet people?
Yes, Female, 28
Yes No
DO YOU THINK YOUR SURROUNDING
INFLUENCED YOU TO GREET PEOPLE?
Yes, Male, 6
No, Female, 4
No, Male, 2
Figure 4.3.7
Based on Figure 4.3.7, it shows that total 28 of female respondents which consist (88%) of
them saying yes and the other 4 (12%) says no for this question. Most of male respondents
say yes which consist 6 (75%) of them and the others 2 (25%) answer no for the question; Do
you think your surrounding influenced you to greet people?
31
4.3.8 Question 8: It is appropriate for us to greet everyone equally regardless their
gender?
I T I S A P P R O P R I A T E F O R U SYes
TO G
NoR E E T E V E R Y O N E E Q U A L L Y
Yes, Female, 26
REGARDLESS THEIR GENDER?
Yes, Male, 7
No, Female, 6
No, Male, 1
Figure 4.3.8
Based on Figure 4.3.8, it shows that majority of male and female respondents which consist
7 (90%) of male and 26 (81%) of female saying yes that It is appropriate for us to greet
everyone equally regardless their gender. But there are the others 4 (12%) of male
respondents and 6 (19%) of female respondents answered no for this question.
32
4.4 Findings Part D of Questionnaire – Effects on Different Styles of Greeting
Researcher team provided question with scale so that the respondent needs to choose
which scale based on their frequency. Below is scale representation:
1- Strongly Disagree
2- Disagree
3- Neutral
4- Agree
5- Strongly Agree
4.4.1 Question 1: Greeting is important for a better society
Chart Title
Greeting is
Greeting is
Greeting
important for a is
Greetingimportant for afor a
is important
better society,
important better society,
for abetter society,
Strongly Disagree,
Disagree, 0, 0%
better society,Neutral,
0, 0% 2, 11% Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree, 5,
26% Disagree
Neutral
Agree
Greeting is Strongly Agree
important for a
better society,
Agree, 12, 63%
Figure 4.4.1
Figure 4.4.1 has shown most of the respondents agree that greeting is important for a better
society with 63% votes. Meanwhile there are some respondents that strongly agree about this
33
statement comes second with 26% votes, and neutral respondents followed up with 11%
votes. There are none of the respondents that disagree and strongly disagree with this
statement.
4.4.2 Question 2: Greeting makes a positive perception towards someone
Chart Title
Greeting makes a
Greeting makes a
positive perception
positive perception
towards someone ,
towards someone ,
Strongly Disagree,
Greeting makes a
Disagree,
Neutral, 0,
0,0%0% Strongly Disagree
0, 0%positive perception
towards someone , Disagree
Agree, 14, 35%
Greeting makes a Neutral
positive perception Agree
towards someone ,
Strongly Agree
Strongly Agree, 26,
65%
Figure 4.4.2
Based on Figure 4.4.2 we can see that most of the respondents strongly agree that greeting
makes a positive perception towards someone with 65% votes. Meanwhile the other
respondents that only agree about this statement comes second with 35% votes. There are
none of the respondents that being neutral, disagree or strongly disagree with this statement.
34
4.4.3 Question 3: Greeting others are good for my own image.
Chart Title
Greeting others
Greeting
are good others
for my
areimage.,
own good for my
Greeting others
Stronglyown image.,
Disagree,
Greeting others are good for my
Disagree,
2, 5% own2,image.,
5% Strongly Disagree
are good for my
own image., Neutral, 4, 10% Disagree
Strongly Agree, 17, Neutral
43%
Agree
Greeting others
Strongly Agree
are good for my
own image., Agree,
15, 37%
Figure 4.4.3
Figure 4.4.3 has shown most of the respondents strongly agree that greeting others are good
for their own image with 43% votes. Meanwhile there are some respondents that only agree
about this statement comes second with 37% votes, and neutral respondents followed up with
10% votes. There are equal votes of the respondents that disagree and strongly disagree with
this statement by 5% of votes.
35
4.4.4 Question 4: Greeting is an effective way for making new friends.
Chart Title
Greeting is an
Greeting
effective way for is an
makingeffective
new way for
friends., making new
friends., Disagree,
Strongly
0, 0%0, 0%Neutral, 8,
friends.,
Greeting is anDisagree, Strongly Disagree
effective way for 20% Disagree
making new
friends., Strongly Neutral
Agree, 18, 45% Greeting is an Agree
effective way for Strongly Agree
making new
friends., Agree, 14,
35%
Figure 4.4.4
Based on Figure 4.4.4 we can see that most of the respondents strongly agree that greeting
is an effective way for making new friends with 45% votes. Meanwhile there are some
respondents that only agree about this statement comes second with 35% votes, and neutral
respondents followed up with 20% votes. There are none of the respondents that disagree
and strongly disagree with this statement.
36
4.4.5 Question 5: “I greet people the more I feel positive all day”
“I greet people the more I feel positive all

day”
“The more I greet
“The more I greet
people the more I
“The more I greetpeople the more I
feel positive all
people the moreday”I feel positive all
, Strongly
day”
feel positive Disagree,
all , Disagree, 2, Strongly Disagree
2, 5%
day” , Strongly 5%
“The more I greet Disagree
Agree, 11, 28%
people the more I Neutral
feel positive all
Agree
“The more I greet day” , Neutral, 14,
people the more I 35% Strongly Agree
feel positive all
day” , Agree, 11,
27%
Figure 4.4.5
Figure 4.4.5 has shown most of the respondents being neutral towards that statement with
35% votes. Meanwhile there are some respondents that strongly agree about this statement
comes second with 28% votes, and neutral respondents followed up with 27% votes. There
are equal votes of the respondents that disagree and strongly disagree with this statement by
5% of votes.
37
4.4.6 Question 6: The more I greet people the more I feel positive all day.
Chart Title
TheThe
more I greet
more I greet
The more I greet
people the more I I
people the more
people thefeel
more I
positive all all
feel positive
feel positive all
day.,
day.,Strongly
Disagree, 2,
day., Strongly
Disagree,5% 1, 2% Strongly Disagree
Agree, 7, 18%
Disagree
The more I greet
people the more I Neutral
The more I greet
people the more I feel positive all Agree
feel positive all day., Neutral, 17,
Strongly Agree
day., Agree, 13, 42%
33%
Figure 4.4.6
Based on Figure 4.4.6 it has explained that most of the respondents being neutral towards
that statement with 42% votes. Meanwhile there are some respondents that only agree about
this statement comes second with 33% votes, and strongly agree respondents followed up
with 18% votes. There are votes of the respondents that disagree with this statement by 5%
of votes and the minority one is votes from respondents that strongly disagree with 2% votes
only.
38
4.4.7 Question 7: Students who know the proper way of greeting would
eventually respect people.
Chart Title
Students who
Students who
know theStudents
proper
know the proper who
way ofknow
greeting
the proper
way of greeting
would eventually
way of greeting
Students who would eventually
respectwould
people.,
eventually
know the properrespect people., Strongly Disagree
Stronglyrespect
Disagree,
people.,
way of greetingDisagree, 1, 2%
0, Neutral,
0% 5, 12% Disagree
would eventually
respect people., Neutral
Strongly Agree, 17, Students who
know the proper Agree
43%
way of greeting Strongly Agree
would eventually
respect people.,
Agree, 17, 43%
Figure 4.4.7
Figure 4.4.7 has shown that there are equal votes of the respondents that strongly agree and
agree that students who know the proper way of greeting would eventually respect
people by 43% of votes. Meanwhile there are some respondents that being neutral about this
statement comes next with 12% votes, and disagreed respondents followed up with 2% votes.
39
4.4.8 Question 8: H or L solidarity affects how we greet others.
Chart Title
H or L solidarity
H or L solidarity
affectsHhow
or L we
solidarity
affects how we
greet affects
others.,how we
greet others.,
Strongly greet
Disagree,
others.,
Disagree, 0, 0% Strongly Disagree
0,Neutral,
0% 6, 15%
H or L solidarity Disagree
affects how we
Neutral
greet others., H or L solidarity
Strongly Agree, 21, affects how we Agree
53% greet others., Strongly Agree
Agree, 13, 32%
Figure 4.4.8
Based on Figure 4.4.8, it shows that most of the respondents strongly agree that H or L
solidarity affects how we greet others with 53% votes. Meanwhile there are some
respondents that only agree about this statement comes second with 32% votes, and neutral
respondents followed up with 15% votes. There are none of the respondents that disagree
and strongly disagree with this statement.
40
4.4.9 Question 9: Do you agree if we wrongly apply H or L variety in greetings it
will affect the perception from others towards us.
Chart Title
Do you agree
Do you agree
if we
if we
wronglyDo apply
youH or if we
wrongly apply Hagree
or
L variety
wronglyin
L variety in apply H or
greetings Litvariety
will
greetings it will in
affectgreetings
the it will
Do you agree if weaffect the
perceptionaffect
from the
wrongly apply Hperception
or from Strongly Disagree
others towards us., from
perception
L variety in
others towards us.,
Strongly Disagree,
others towards us., Disagree
greetings it will
Disagree, 0, 0%
0, 0% Do you6,agree
Neutral, 18% if we
affect the Neutral
wrongly apply H or
perception from
L variety in Agree
others towards us.,
greetings it will
Strongly Agree, 16, Strongly Agree
affect the
49%
perception from
others towards us.,
Agree, 11, 33%
Figure 4.4.9
From Figure 4.4.9, we can see that most of the respondents strongly agree that if we wrongly
apply H or L variety in greetings it will affect the perception from others towards us with
49% votes. Meanwhile there are some respondents that only agree about this statement
comes second with 33% votes, and neutral respondents followed up with 18% votes. There
are none of the respondents that disagree and strongly disagree with this statement.
4.5 CONCLUSION
This section summarizes all data collected and analyzed critically by researchers
from the questionnaire. Respondents' response to the questionnaire is stated in the
pie chart and bar graph. Researchers include brief details under each pie chart and
bar graph to explain largely to the percentage.
41
Chapter 5
Discussion
5.0 introduction
This study has examined the different styles of greeting among TESL students in
KUPTM KL. The study has presented three research questions that will be answered
in this chapter.
In order to answer these research questions, quantitative method had been applied
through preparing questionnaire. Through the method, the researcher has completed
the findings and used written works to support the findings. The answers given by 40
students were analysed by transmitting the data into percentage. The results were
presented in charts to facilitate the analysis.
5.1 Discussion of findings
The summary of the findings of this study is focusing on the respective research
questions to observe the different styles of greeting among TESL students in KUPTM
KL. The objective of the findings will be discussed for each research question from
literature and data analysis.
RQ1: What are the different styles in greeting among TESL students in KUPTM
KL?
Based on the result presented in the previous chapter, the study shows that the
students use different styles in greeting based on the situation and with whom they
encounter. The results show that majority of the students apply greeting when they
meet people. Most of the students start their greetings with smile. This is because
when we see someone we know or even someone that we don’t know, we will
automatically smile at them as it has always been in our nature and to show our
politeness.
Moreover, majority of them use a simple hi and smile when they greet other people
but that does not apply when they greet their close friends. This is because majority
of them, whenever they greet their close friends, they talk about something as soon
as they meet. They don’t say hi or even smile. This is because they have a high
solidarity relationship. Furthermore, majority of the students choose to kiss or hug their
42
parents after they got back from school. This is also one of the example of when you
have a high solidarity relationship with others. The study also show that majority of the
students go straight to the point when they greet strangers that are asking some helps
from them. Most of the students choose to say hi whenever they greet their lecturer
but there are also a few students responded they greet their lecturer with smile.
Moreover, based on the results in previous chapter, most of the students will smile
and say “hi/assalamualaikum” when they greet the officer at the bank. However, there
are a few of them that say hi and just ask them question that they want to ask to the
officer.
Next, the results also show how the students ask helps from friends that they are close
with. Majority of them just go straight to the point when asking helps from their close
friends, but there are a few of them that start with asking them whether they are busy
or not, if their friends are not busy, then they will proceed with asking for helps. The
next result shows how the students greet someone that they hate. Majority of them
answer, they will just smile at the person that they hate. Furthermore, the study also
shows how the students greet someone that are from different culture. Majority of the
students will start off with a simple smile, then proceed with saying “hi” or a simple
“Good Day”. Last but not least, the previous chapter also shows the result of how TESL
students in KUPTM KL greet someone from different gender. Most of the students
respond with a smile or bow, but there are a few of them that respond with saying “hi”
or “hello” towards someone that has different gender.
RQ2: What are the factors contribute to the differences in greeting?
Based on the study, the results show that majority of the students think that age is one
of the factors that contribute to greet people in different styles. This is because we
can’t greet people that are older the same way as we greet our same-age friends.
Most of the students believe that different culture affects the way they greet people.
For instance, Malays usually start their greeting with “Assalamualaikum”, while in
Indian culture, they say “Vanakam” or “Namaste” to greet people in their culture.
The study also show that different gender is one of the factors that contribute to the
differences in greeting. This is because, a study from University of Florida (2011) state
that man and woman have their own ways or styles of greeting. Moreover, the results
43
also show that TESL students in KUPTM KL use different style of greeting to different
people in their daily conversation. We can clearly see the different styles of greeting
when we greet someone that we hate, and when we greet people that are close with
us.
The students also consider status differences and formal-informal settings contribute
to the way they greet people using different styles. This is because, when you
encounter someone that has a high status in a formal setting, we have to greet them
in a formal way or they will think that we are rude. The students also believe that
surrounding is one of the factors that contribute to the different styles of greeting. Last
but not least, TESL students of KUPTM KL also think that it is appropriate for them to
greet everyone equally regardless their gender. This is because, people nowadays
think that we don’t have to greet people in a certain way regardless what their gender
are.
RQ3: What are the effects on different styles of greetings?
For the effects on different styles of greetings, the results show a significant majority
of female and male students in KUPTM KL strongly agree that greeting is important
for a better society. This is because, greeting is an act of communication in which
human beings intentionally make their presence known to each other, to show
attention to, and to suggest a type of relationship or social status whether it is formal
or informal between individuals or groups of people coming in contact with each other.
The result also show that the students are strongly agree that greeting makes a
positive perception towards someone. A study shows that it only takes just a quick
glance, maybe three seconds, for someone to evaluate you when you meet for the
first time. In this short time, the other person forms an opinion about you based on
your appearance, your body language, your demeanor, your mannerisms, and even
on how you are dressed. With every new encounter, you are evaluated and yet another
person's impression of you is formed. So, if you greet them in a positive ways, they
will have a great positive perception of you.
For the next effect on different styles of greeting among students in KUPTM KL,
majority of the students agree that greeting others are good for their own image and
they strongly agree that greeting is also an effective way for making new friends. They
44
state that when they go to a new place, they don’t have any friends. So, in order for
them to have friends, they have to talk and greet the person that they have never meet
before. For the next effect which is the more I greet people, the more I feel positive all
day, majority of the students choose neutral for their answer. The researcher believes
that greeting is not the only thing that makes us feel positive all day. Sometimes, it is
better for us not to greet people as some people might want their own personal space.
Moreover, most of the students agree that students who knows the proper way of
greeting would eventually respect people. The students also strongly agree that high
and low solidarity affects how we greet others. The researcher believes that we have
a different way of greeting when we greet people that have a high solidarity with us,
and people that have low solidarity with us. Last but not least, majority of the students
agree that if we wrongly apply high or low variety in greetings, it will affect the
perception from others towards us. This is because if we wrongly apply the high or low
variety, it can cause us to be rude. For instance, when we meet a person that has a
high status and in a formal setting, we cannot simply use the informal way to greet
him/her. Him/her will think that we don’t have any manners and being rude.
5.3 Conclusion
The study attempted to focus on the study on the differences of greeting styles
among TESL students in KUPTM KL.
This research consists of a few chapters: first one, introduction. It presents the
general introduction of the study, the background of Linguistic Politeness, the
statement of the problems, the objectives of the study, the research questions and
the significant of the study. In the general introduction, it shows the general research
methods in order to make the reader familiar with the whole study. In the background
of the study, it provides information that would help the reader understand the
research study. The second chapter consists literature review. It contains quotes and
past research from other researcher that had done the same research. In chapter 3,
we have methodology and questionnaire. In chapter 3, the researcher explains the
method that has been used, in order to collect the data from TESL students in
KUPTM KL. Moreover, in chapter 4, the researcher elaborates about the every
findings that had been collected from the survey or questionnaire. This chapter
45
contains a lot of charts, in order to present the findings to the readers. In the last
chapter, which is chapter 5, it consists the discussions of three research questions
based on our title, which is a study on the differences of greeting styles among TESL
students in KUPTM KL. This chapter also contain the overall conclusion of this
research.
5.2 SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Some suggestions and recommendations are gathered based on the results and
findings in this study.
The study had been conducted in a narrow scope that focuses on the differences of
greeting among TESL students in KUPTM KL. It is generalized to the whole TESL
students that are semester three and above. The range of the students’ age is between
19 to 25-year-old and their level of education including SPM, and diploma. Hence,
researcher need to make the population scope even bigger to get clearer outcome.
For example, the future researcher should conduct the research in secondary school,
colleges and even at a company, instead of in college only.
It will be an eye opener for the respondents because they will know the pros and cons
about greeting in a polite way for their future and the field they will or currently in.
Moreover, future researcher can make it easier by narrowing the title that the future
researcher had choose. For example, comparing to the current researcher’s topic,
future researcher can adapt the tile into ways of greeting.
5.3 Conclusion
The study was conducted to focus on the differences of greeting among TESL
students in KUPTM KL.
This research consists of a few chapters: the first one is Introduction. It filled with
common introduction of the study, the background of greetings in Malaysia, the
statement of the problems, the objectives of the study, the research questions and the
significance of the study. In common introduction, it stated that the common research
method in order to make the reader well inform about the whole study contents. In the
background of problems, it provides information point by point that would help the
reader to fully understand the research study. The objectives of the study provide the
straight points that the researcher intent to study. The research questions were the
information the researcher aim to know at the end of the research. The significance of
the study, to convey the importance of the topic of this study that the researcher had
conduct.
46
REFERENCES:
● https://popups.uliege.be/0037-9565/index.php?id=6724&file=1
47
● http://factsanddetails.com/southeast-asia/Malaysia/sub5_4b/entry-3639.html
● https://www.thoughtco.com/greetings-social-language-1210042
● https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/greeting
● http://factsanddetails.com/southeast-asia/Malaysia/sub5_4b/entry-3639.html
● https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/malaysian-culture/malaysian-culture-greetings
● https://valourdigest.com/the-benefits-of-greeting/
● https://arganesh3.wordpress.com/2012/05/31/why-do-we-greet-each-other/
● https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/37713970
48

A Study On Differences of Greeting Styles Among Tesl Students in Kuptm KL

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A STUDY ON DIFFERENCES OF GREETING STYLES AMONG TESL STUDENTS

AZREEN ZULAIKHA BINTI ASRI (AM1805004116)

ASMIRA ADLA BINTI AZAMSHAH (AM1805004135)

NUR FATIN ATIQAH BINTI ZULFIKAR ALI (AM1805003697)

MUHAMMAD FARIEZ FARIHIN BIN MARZUKI (AM1805004169)

MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN MAZLAN NIZAM (AM1805004180)

DIPLOMA IN TEACHING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (TESL)

MISS AZWA BINTI ABDUL GHANI @ MOHD YUNUS

KOLEJ UNIVERSITI POLY-TECH MARA KUALA LUMPUR

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY…………………………………………………...4

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS………………………………………………………5

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY……………………………………………………...5

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS……………………………………………………………5

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY………………………………………………………….6

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 POLITENESS AND INTERACTION…………………………………………….……7

2.2 GREETING IN POLITENESS CONTEXT……………………………………....……8

2.3 STYLES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING…………………..……………….9

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN…………………………………………………………………12

3.2 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS………………………………………………………..13

3.3 RESEARCH PROCEDURES………………………………………………………..13

3.4 METHOD OF RESEARCH……………………………………………………...……13

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS

4.1 FINDING PART A OF QUESTIONNAIRE – BACKGROUND OF

4.3 FINDING PART C OF QUESTIONNAIRE – FACTOR CONTRIBUTE TO THE

4.4 FINDING PART D OF QUESTIONNAIRE – EFFECTS ON DIFFERENT STYLES

5.1 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS……………………………………………..………….45

5.2 SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………46

5.3 CONCLUSION ……………………………………………………………………..…46

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

2. To determine the factors contributing to the difference in greetings among TESL

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

2.1 POLITENESS AND INTERACTION

In order to make sense of what it said in an interaction, we have to look at various

2.2 GREETING IN POLITENESS CONTEXT

“The speech act of greeting is a particularly appropriate speech act to investigate in a

2.3 STYLES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING

FACULTY OF EDUCATION, HUMANITIES AND ARTS

KOLEJ UNIVERSITI POLY-TECH MARA KUALA LUMPUR

TEACHING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (BE101)

AZREEN ZULAIKHA BINTI ASRI (AM1805004116)

ASMIRA ADILA BINTI AZAMSHAH (AM1805004135)

NUR FATIN ATIQAH BINTI ZULFIKAR ALI (AM1805003697)

MUHAMMAD FARIEZ FARIHIN BIN MARZUKI (AM1805004169)

MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN MAZLAN NIZAM (AM1805004180)

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN

3.2 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

3.3 RESEARCH PROCEDURES

3.3.1 Stage 1: Selecting the participants

3.3.2 Stage 2: Data Analysis

i. Quantitative data analysis

3.4 METHOD OF RESEARCH

4.1 Finding Part A of Questionnaire – Background of Respondent

Questionnaire analysis was carried out as a descriptive analysis to facilitate a comprehensive

Age, 19-20 y/o, 33,

4.5.1 Question 1: Do you apply greeting when you meet people?

Chart 4.1.1 (Female)

Chart 4.1.2 (Male)

4.5.2 Question 2: How do you start your greeting?

Chapter 4.1.3 (Female)