Ai 421 Iec61850 PDF

Prof. Dr.
Hubert Kirrmann
ABBCH-RD Introduction to the IEC 61850
electrical utility
communication standard
© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd, Corporate Research, ABBCH-RD

Project C2-012/12 HK
Introduction to
Executive summary 2
IEC 61850
IEC 61850 is a collection of international standards defining:
-how to describe the devices in an electrical substation and

-how to exchange the information about these devices
- at configuration time and
- at run-time.
It simplifies considerably engineering and testing, savings several Mio € per year.
It is the base for all developments in substation automation.
Main products:
definition of model
© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD
engineering tools
object
IEC 61850 was developed by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva)
by a group of manufacturers (ABB, Alstom, Schneider, SEL, Siemens, Toshiba,..) and
electrical utilities (Electricité de France, Iberdrola, Hydro-Quebec,…)
IEC 61850 represents hundreds of person-years of work since 1997, one of the largest and
most successful standardization group ever (comparable to IEEE 802.3).
keep on reading even if you are an executive…

Introduction to
Contents 3
IEC 61850
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology

6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion
Introduction to
Swiss power grid: substations and transmission lines 4
IEC 61850
substations are the nodes of the electricity network, connecting power plants,
different voltage levels, different frequencies and large loads
Introduction to
Air-isolated substation (AIS) 5
IEC 61850
Introduction to
Air isolated high voltage elements 6
IEC 61850
circuit breaker (3 phases) disconnector (3 phases) power transformers

(can break short-circuit current) (can’t be switched under load)
current measurement
transformers
http://www.abb.com/product/us/9AAC30300082.aspx
Introduction to
Gas-isolated substation (GIS) 7
IEC 61850
Control
Q0/CSWI
Q8/CSWI
Q9/CSWI
Bay-HMI
IHMI
Earthing Switch
Q8_L1/XSWI
Gas density mon.
Q8_L1/SIMG
Secondary
Isolator
Q9_L1/XSWI technology
Gas density mon.
Q9_L1/SIMG
Circuit Breaker
Q0_L1/XCBR Distance
Gas density mon. Protection
Q0_L1/SIMG Primary technology PDIS
GIS are used in urban regions where place is scarce, or in open air where conditions are harsh
Introduction to
Indoor substations (medium voltage) 8
IEC 61850
Gas Isolated high voltage medium voltage
Connect towns and large industries to the grid

Introduction to
Your substation at home 9
IEC 61850
The switchboard in a home is a miniature substation:
- distribution of electricity (to the different rooms),
- control (switch on/off) and
- protection (fuses).
switch and protect
transformer
bath
kitchen
earth
living room
fault
parents cellar
children
Introduction to
Substation elements 10
IEC 61850
Station (Unterwerk, Sous-station, subestación)
Node in the power network
built in a switchyard (Schaltfeld, campo)
consists of :
Bus bar
(interconnects all elements)
Bay
for each incoming / outcoming line (“feeder”) bay
transformer bay
generator bay
connection between bus bars
equipment is divided into:

Primary equipment (switchyard hardware)
• breaker
• transformer
Secondary equipment (electronics)
control, monitoring and protection devices
Introduction to
Electrical circuit (Single Line Diagram = SLD) 11
IEC 61850
bus bar three phases
(jeux de barres,
Sammelschiene,
barras)
disconnector
(interrupteurs,
Trenner, seccionador)
cannot be switched under power
circuit breaker
(disjoncteur,
Leistungsschalter, interruptor)
can switch fault current
G
transformer
(transformateur,
Trafo, transformador) feeder
bay bay bay
generator départ
(generateur, Abgang
Generator, generador) bahia
Introduction to
Primary and secondary elements 12
IEC 61850
Network control centre
primary secondary
bus bars
switches ABB
Power Automation AG
Communication
COM581
Converter
-Q1 -Q2
Control/Protection Cubicles
C
Fällanden =AD17 -KB2 Fällanden =AD17 -KB2

Steuerung / Schutz Steuerung / Schutz
circuit
220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 1 220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 2
-Q0 Feldsteuergerät REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck
breakers VT
VERRIEG ELUNG
Star coupler
Process Interface
ABB Power Automation AG
RER111
500SCM 500SCM 500SCM 500SCM 500SCM

LEITUNG SHAUPTSCHUTZ REL316*4 PRÜFSTECKER
01 01 01 01
Tx1 Tx1 Tx1 Tx1 Tx1
I I I
Reset
0 0 0
AUS Rx1 Rx1 Rx1 Rx1 Rx1
STUFENVERL. WE-BLO CK SCHUTZ EIN/AUS
CT
Tx2 Tx2 Tx2 Tx2 Tx2
Rx2 Rx2 Rx2 Rx2 Rx2

Tx3 Tx3 Tx3 Tx3 Tx3
Rx3 Rx3 Rx3 Rx3 Rx3
SAMMELSCHIENENSCHUTZ REB500 RESERVESCHUTZ
d g tal
-X1
AUS
SYNCHRO NISIERUNG HAND SCHUTZ EIN/AUS
-Q9
2 x 220/24V DC/DC SPANNUNG SVERSO RG UNG
Interbay
bus
motors
-Q8
HV Line
bay
Introduction to
Contents 13
IEC 61850

8. Conclusion
Introduction to
IEC 61346: Naming of substation elements 14
IEC 61850
=E1
=W1 =W2
M M M M M M M M M M
=QC1
=QB1 =QB2 =QB1 =QB2 =BU1 =QB1 =QB2 =QB1 =QB2 =QB1 =QB2
=BU2 M
=QC1 =QC1 =QC1 =QC1
=BI1
M =QC2
M M =QC11 M M
=QA1 =QA1 =QA1 =QA1
M
=BI1 =QC2 =BI1 =QC2 =BI1 =QC2 =BI1 =QC2

M -QA1
=QB12
M M M M
=BU1 =BU1 =Q3 =BU1 =BU1
M bay 3 M
=T1 =QC9 =T1 =QC9
=QB9 =QB9
M M
E1.W1.Q2.QA1
=Q1 =Q2 =Q4 =Q5
bay 1 bay 2 bay 4 bay 5
The IEC 61346 standard defines how substation elements should be named.
(Customers may define their own names, e.g. Q1 is “City_Broadway”)
Introduction to
Primary technology in the switchyard (Air Isolated) 15
IEC 61850
Introduction to
Substation Configuration Language: Single Line Diagram 16
IEC 61850
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<SCL xmlns:sxy="http://www.iec.ch/61850/sclcoordinates001" xmlns="http://www.iec.ch/61850/2003/SCL">
<Header id="svc" toolID="SSI-Tool" nameStructure="IEDName" />
<Substation name="AA1" desc="Substation">
<VoltageLevel name="A1" desc="Voltage Level">
<Bay name="A01" desc="Bay" sxy:dir="horizontal">
<LNode iedName="AA1TH1" ldInst="LD0" lnClass="LPHD" lnInst="1" />
<LNode iedName="AA1TH1" ldInst="LD0" lnClass="ITCI" lnInst="1" />
<LNode iedName="AA1TH1" ldInst="LD0" lnClass="LLN0" lnInst="" />
</Bay>
</VoltageLevel>
<VoltageLevel name="C1" desc="Voltage Level">
<Voltage multiplier="k" unit="V">380</Voltage>
</VoltageLevel>
<VoltageLevel name="H1" desc="Voltage Level">
<Voltage multiplier="k" unit="V">33</Voltage>
<Bay name="Q03" desc="Trafo LV" sxy:x="54" sxy:y="33" sxy:dir="vertical">
<ConductingEquipment name="QA1" desc="Circuit Breaker" type="CBR" sxy:x="7" sxy:y="8" sxy:dir="vertical">
<Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N1" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N1" />
</ConductingEquipment>
<ConductingEquipment name="BU1" desc="Voltage Transformer 2 Sec. 3 Phase" type="VTR" sxy:x="4" sxy:y="24">
<ConductingEquipment name="TrafoLV" desc="Line In/Out" type="IFL" sxy:x="7" sxy:y="26" sxy:dir="vertical">
<ConductingEquipment name="BI1.2" desc="Current Transformer" type="CTR" sxy:x="7" sxy:y="12" sxy:dir="vertical">
IEC 61850-6 specifies how to describe a substation’s Single Line Diagram, and how to
reproduce it on a screen exactly in the correct topology.
It allows to describe any substation, independent from the manufacturer in simple XML.
Introduction to
Contents 17
IEC 61850

8. Conclusion
Introduction to
Protection, Measurement and Control devices 18
IEC 61850
IED = Intelligent Electronic Device
bus bar H1
bus-bar
protection bus bar H2
M M M M M M
measurement
=QB1 =QB2 =QB1 =QB2 =QB1 =QB2
=QC1 =QC1 =QC1
M M M
=QA1 =QA1 =QA1
bay protection
=BI1 =QC2 =BI1 =QC2 =BI1
and control =QC2
M M M
=BU1 =BU1 =BU1
back-up bay
M
protection and =T1 =QC9
=QB9 G
control
M generator
protection
=Q1 =Q2 =Q2
bay 1 bay 2 bay 2

transformer
protection Each object is protected by its own protection & control device
Introduction to
IEC 61850- based product family 19
IEC 61850
RE_ 670
Price
RE_ 650
RE_ 630
RE_ 615
RE_ 60_
voltage / power level
Distribution Transmission
Introduction to
Example of protection function: time-overcurrent 20
IEC 61850
current [kA]
nominal current
duration before trip [ms]

The protection function is adjusted with a set of parameters that are tuned
for a specific substation and bay, called a setting.
Protection function have usually different settings, that are used depending on the situation.
IEC 61850
Introduction to
Internals of an IED
21
IEC 61850
Introduction to
Signal flow in an IED
22
Introduction to
Contents 23
IEC 61850

8. Conclusion
Introduction to
Logical device 24
IEC 61850
Each physical device (called an IED) can perform functions that was formerly performed
by different protection or control devices.
Those former devices are represented by Logical Devices within the physical device.
Physical Device
PISA_Q0_L3
Logical Device Q0_L3/

circuit breaker control

and protection
Logical Device B_L3/

buss bar control
and protection
Introduction to
Logical Nodes 25
IEC 61850
IEC 61850 describes each function within a substation equipment

(transformer, circuit breaker, protection function...) by a logical node (LN).
IED2
IHMI
human interface
IARC
LAN
IED1
circuit breaker Q0 XCBR CSWI control of switch
PIOC
current measure protection against
T1 TCTR
transformer over current
MMTR
voltage measuring
T2 : TVTR
transformer MMXU measuring unit
City X
Introduction to
Logical Nodes Groups 26
IEC 61850
IEC 61850-7-4 standardizes 91 Logical Nodes divided into 13 Logical Groups
The first letter of the Logical Node identifies the group.
Logical Group Name Number of Logical Nodes
L System LN 2
P Protection 28
R Protection related 10
C Control 5
G Generic 3
I Interfacing and archiving 4
A Automatic control 4
M Metering and measurement 8
S Sensor and monitoring 4

X Switchgear 2
T Instrument transformers 2
Y Power transformers 4
Z Further power system equipment 15
W Wind
O Solar
H Hydro reserved for companion standards
N Power plant
B Batteries
F Fuel Cells
Introduction to
Logical Nodes: switchgear 27
IEC 61850
LNname Function
XCBR Circuit breaker a high-power switch capable of switching off

or on under full load current
(Schalter, Interrupteur)
XSWI Circuit switch a switching device capable of electrically

isolating a line, but which may only be
operated when essentially no current is
flowing
Introduction to
Data: Circuit Breaker 28
IEC 61850
XCBR
Data Object Explanation Class Mandatory
Basic LN
Mod Mode INC M
Beh Behavior INS M
Health Health INS M
NamePlt Name Plate LPL
Loc Local operation, not remote SPS
EEHealth External equipment health INS
EEName External equipment name plate DPL
NamPlt Name Plate LPL
OpCnt Operation counter INS M
Controls
Pos Switch position DPC M
BlkOpn Block opening SPC M
BlkCls Block closing SPC M
ChaMotEna Charger motor enable SPC
Measures
SumSwARs Sum of switched amperes, resetable BCR
Status
CBOpCap Circuit breaker operating capability INS M
POWCap Point on wave switching capability INS
MaxOpCap Operating capability when fully charged INS
Introduction to
Attributes: position 29
IEC 61850
Each attribute of a DATA consists of a number of Data Attributes,

with a Data Attribute Type (DAType) that belong to Functional Constraints (FC)
DATA “Pos”
Attribute Name Attribute Type Functional Constraint
stVal BOOLEAN
q Quality Status (ST)
t TimeStamp
d Visible String255 Description (DC)
subEna BOOLEAN
subVal BOOLEAN Substitution (SV)
subQ Quality
subID Visible String64
Basic Type only needed when

substitution is
Common data possible
attribute type
Introduction to
Logical nodes of the P-group (protection) 30
IEC 61850
LNname IEEE protection function(s) name Protection Function
PDIF 87,87P,87L,87N,87T,87B, 87M, 87G Differential
PDIR 87B Direction comparison
PDIS 21 Distance protection
PDOP 32 Directional Overpower
PDUP 32,37,40 Directional Underpower
PFRC 81 Rate of change of frequency
PHAR 87T Harmonic restraint
PHIZ 64 Ground detector
PIOC 50 Instantaneous overcurrent
PMRI 49R,66,48,51LR Motor restart inhibition
PMSS Motor starting supervision
POPF 55 Over power factor
PPAM Phase angle measuring
PSCH 21,85 Protection scheme
PSDE Sensitive directional earth fault

PTEF Transient earth fault
PTOC 46,51,60,64R,64S,64W,67,67N,76 Time overcurrent
PTOF 81 Overfrequency
PTOV 47,59,59DC,60 Overvoltage
PTRC
PTTR 49,49R,49S Thermal overload
PTUC 37 Undercurrent
PTUV 27 Undervoltage
PTUF Underfrequency
PUPF 55 Under power factor
PVOC 51V Voltage controlled time overcurrent
PVPH 24 Volt per Hertz
PZSU 14 Zero speed or underspeed
Introduction to
Substation Configuration Language: Equipment 31
IEC 61850
<LN inst="1" lnClass="XCBR" lnType="IED670@IEC61850@@@ABBIED670_REV1_SXCBR@1" prefix="S">
<Private type="ABB_FunctionRefs">476621a8-3f95-4a19-9b63-31171ddd62f9</Private> name of the circuit breaker
<DOI name="Mod" desc="Mode">
<DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/INC/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Mod/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,29" />
<DAI name="q" sAddr="/INC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,100" />
<DAI name="t" sAddr="/INC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,32" />
<DAI name="ctlModel" sAddr="/INC/CF/Enum/+/none/ctlModel/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
<DAI name="d" sAddr="/INC/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOI name="Health">
<DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Health/-1,-1,-1" />
<DAI name="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/-1,-1,-1" /> health state
<DAI name="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" />
<DAI name="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOI name="NamPlt">
<DAI name="vendor" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
<DAI name="swRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> name plate
<DAI name="d" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
<DAI name="configRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOI name="Loc" desc="Local operation (local means without substation automation communication, hardwired direct control)">
<DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/SPS/ST/BOOLEAN/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,13" />

<DAI name="q" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,100" />
<DAI name="t" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,32" /> local/remote operation
<DAI name="d" sAddr="/SPS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOI name="OpCnt" desc="Operation counter">
<DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/INT32/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,30" />
<DAI name="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,100" />
<DAI name="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,32" />
number of switching opertions
<DAI name="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI>
<DOI name="Pos" desc="Switch position">
<DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Dbpos/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,12" />
<DAI name="q" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,100" />
<DAI name="t" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,32" />
<DAI name="subEna" sAddr="/DPC/SV/BOOLEAN/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Enable,-1,-1" /> current breaker position
<DAI name="subVal" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Dbpos/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Value,-1,-1" />
<DAI name="subQ" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Quality/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" />
<DAI name="subID" sAddr="/DPC/SV/VisString64/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" /> value
<DAI name="ctlModel" sAddr="/DPC/CF/Enum/+/none/ctlModel/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> quality
<DAI name="d" sAddr="/DPC/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> time stamp
</DOI>
<DOI name="BlkOpn" desc="Block opening">
substituted value
description
Introduction to
Contents 32
IEC 61850

8. Conclusion
Introduction to
Data and electrical topologies 33
IEC 61850
01
electrical topology:
Single Line Diagram
bay 01 bay 02 bay 03 bay 04 bay 11 bay 12
Network
Control
GPS SCADA
printer Log
clock
Gateway
switch
station bus
IED IED IED IED IED IED

data network
topology IED IED IED IED IED IED
IED IED IED IED IED IED
bay 01 bay 02 bay 03 bay 04 bay 11 bay 12

the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation
Introduction to
Station Bus and Process Bus 34
IEC 61850
network control
SCADA Engineering
SCADA level clock
HMI gateway
HMI
SCADA SCADA firewall
(MMS)
(9-2 SV)
Station Bus
horizontal traffic (8-1 GOOSE)
Process bus
IED IED IED IED IED

8-1 GOOSE
vertical traffic
9-2 SV
IED IED IED IED IED

bay level
IED IED IED IED IED
process input PIA PIB

analogue
process primary technology

interface
binary bay bay bay bay bay
direct wiring
Introduction to
IEC 61850 station bus ring topology (preferred, other exist) 35
IEC 61850
GPS network
time control centre
operator
logger workplace
printer
remote
control
switch S
station bus (ring) = Ethernet
switch 1 switch 2
100Fx
(fibre) links
IED IEC
... IED
100Tx
(copper) IED IED IED
links
IED IED IED
bay 1 bay 2 bay N
the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation

Introduction to
Substation Automation Network: a real case 36
IEC 61850
HP Color Operator's Workstation 1 Engineering Workstation Global Position to Disturbance Recorder
Printer Server 1
Oper ator 's Wor kstation 2
Laserjet System Central Station Evalution Station

PTUSK Scope
132kV FOX
Alarm and Equipment
Event Printer 1 11kV analog Ether 132kV analog Telephon
LA36W Printer Server 2 Input net Input Modem
Verbindung zu E4
Alarm and o/e

Event Printer 2 LAN-Interface 11kV Modem 132kV Modem
LA36W to LV SCMS
NSK NSK
Repeater GPS
Master
Redundant Station LAN TCP-IP Repeater
Front-End Station Front-End Station

Computer 1 Computer 2
HP Color
Fallback Laser jet

RS232
Switch
Service
Modem Station Alarm Unit Station Alarm Unit
LDCs Interface from Station ComputerIEC870-5-101
2
LDCs Interface from Station ComputerIEC870-5-101

1
Manual
Switch
Substation Automation System

4 x Star Coupler
SAS570 Advanced
RER111 including
redundant
power supply
FO
Fibre optic station bus (LON) in star configuration
Control Protection AVR and tap control

T1 type REGSys Fault Monitoring System
Bay control unit Bay control unit 3Ph and neutral OC Bay control unit Differential protection Bay control unit Analog alarm unit Indactic I650 10 x 132kV
Main 2
BBP/BFP Centr al unit
REC316*4 REC316*4 SPAJ140C REC316*4 RET316*4 SPAJ110C Tertiary REC316*4 REB500

SACO16A3
Earth fault
Prot.
AVR and tap control

EF and OC T2 type REGSys Analog alarm unit
SPAJ110C SACO16A3
Line distance prot. SACO16A3 R
REL316*4 500RIO11 , 16DI SPAJ110C earth fault
Stand by
SPAJ110C Neutral
6 x 500RIO11 DI 4 x 11kV
overcurrent earth fault
Prot. Prot.
Main 1 10 x BBP/BFP Bay unit
AVR and tap control REB500
SACO64D4Auxiliary alarm unit
SACO16A3 R SACO16A3 R T3 type REGSys
Phase and
SPAJ140C neutral SPAJ115CRestricted
SPAU140C overcurrent earth fault
Synchr o-
Prot. Protection
SACO64D4Auxiliary alarm unit
check
o/e AVR and tap control

Siemens 7SD610 für T4 type REGSys
E19 Verbindung SPAJ110C Earth fault SPAJ115C SACO64D4Auxiliary alarm unit
overcurrent Restricted
Prot. earth fault 1 x 500RIO11 DO
Protection 1 x spare
B69 SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit

Überstrom 132kV Side 11kV Side
Bay control unit Pilot wire diff. prot. Bay control unit Coaxial cable
(loose delivery) SOLKOR R/Rf. (loose delivery) (loose delivery) (loose delivery) (loose delivery)
4 x 132kV Cable Line 1 x 132kV Bus Coupler 4 x 132/11kV Transformer Feeder Trafo Interlocking AVR & Tap Control 132kV BBP / BFP 132kV Common Alarm FMS Fault Monitoring System
Introduction to
Redundant IEC 61850 network 37
IEC 61850
workstation1 workstation2
logger NCC NCC

printer
COM COM
Duo/Duplo
station bus (ring)

IED IED IED
IED
IED IED
3rd party
IED IED
bay (ring) bay (ring) bay (star)
Mixing redundant, non-redundant, HASAR and PRP

Introduction to
Substation Configuration Language: communication 38
IEC 61850
…
<Communication>
<Subnetwork name="Line1" type="8-MMS" bitrate="100">
<ConnectedAP ieDName="AA3KA3" apName="S1">
<Address>
10.41.24.135

255.255.255.0
</Address>
<GSE ldInst="C1" cbName="Interlock" addr="01-0C-CD-01-00-01" mintime="8" maxtime="1024"></GSE>
</ConnectedAP>
<Address>
10.58.125.232
255.255.255.0
</Address>
</ConnectedAP>
<Address>
10.41.24.136
255.255.255.0
</Address>
<GSE ldInst="C1" cbName="Interlock" addr="01-0C-CD-01-00-01" mintime="8" maxtime="1000"></GSE>
…
IEC61850-6 specifies the data network topology (with its coordinates),

the devices that participate in communication, how they are connected,
which are their addresses and which is the data traffic they generate.
This information allows to determine at engineering time the traffic load on the network.
Introduction to
Contents 39
IEC 61850

8. Conclusion
Introduction to
Three types of communication in IEC 61850 40
IEC 61850
NCC
GPSa
Tele-
Supervisory HMI
SCADA control
Level Event
Printers
SCADA Back-Up
S-bus
IEC 61850 interbay

Station Bus
horizontal communication bus
(IED to IED) GOOSE
IEC 61850-8
MMS
IED
Sample Values
Bay
Level IED
IED
bay bay bay bay bay bay
vertical communication
sampled values
(SCADA to IEDs)
(IED to IED)
IEC 61850-8
IEC 61850-9-2
Introduction to
IEC 61850: Three protocols stacks 41
IEC 61850
ACSI = Application Common Interface
MMS GOOSE
SV
client-server publisher-subscriber
PI-IED
SCADA-IEDs IED-IED
61850-9-2
IEC 61850-8-1 IEC 61850-8-1
Ethernet
Introduction to
Details of the stack 42
IEC 61850
1ms application
application 1µs
application
ACSI
Soft-Time stack Hard Real-Time stack
Client/Server IEEE
GOOSE SV
services 1588
MMS
ISO 9506-1:2003
ACSE
presentation ISO/IEC 8649:1996
SNTP ISO Session
session ISO/IEC 8245
spanning
ISO Transport
RFC 1006 tree
transport TCP RFC 793 (802.1d)
ICMP
network IP x88F7 x88B8 x88BA
ARP
VLAN - priority void 802.p1 / 802.1Q
link layer PT=0800 PT=0806 802.2 PTID=8100
redundancy link redundancy entity (PRP / HSR)
physical layer MAC layer Ethernet A Ethernet B

Introduction to
Client-Server Protocol (MMS) – two modes 43
IEC 61850
MMS client network MMS server
distance
network
Request Indication
processing 1) Request-Response
Confirmation Response
asynchronous event
Request 2) Unsolicited
Indication
time
( IEC 61850-8-1 )
builds on unicast TCP/IPv4
Introduction to
GOOSE: event-driven real-time communication 44
IEC 61850
event
T0 (T0) T1T1 T2 T3 T0 T0
T0 retransmission in stable conditions (no event for a long time).

(T0) retransmission in stable conditions may be shortened by an event.
T1 shortest retransmission time after the event.
T2, T3 retransmission times until achieving the stable conditions time.
(the value of these times is an application issue)
Used to transmit to all other bays a state change (e.g. switch closing)
Publisher-Subscriber (Source addressed)
Uses multicast on layer 2
( IEC 61850-8-1 )
Introduction to
Communication protocols in IEC 61850 45
IEC 61850
application
ACSI
SCADA MMS
Goose
TCP / IP
Ethernet
Station Bus
Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet
TCP / IP TCP / IP TCP / IP

Goose Goose Goose
IEDs
MMS MMS MMS
substation objects substation objects substation objects
IEC 61850 uses different stacks for the different kinds of traffic.
Introduction to
Contents 46
IEC 61850

8. Conclusion
Introduction to
Substation Configuration Description 47
IEC 61850
The Substation Configuration Description

(SCD) file according to IEC61850 is the
“DNA” of the substation, defining:
substation topology
Integrated (busbars, feeders, switches,..)
Engineering
Tools
logical devices and

SCD protection functions

(overcurrent, ….)
NCC NCC
Computer Printer Timeserver Computer

Timeserver
a large XML data network Switch Switch
file(4 MB..12 MB) configuration Switch Switch Switch
(IP addresses…) Control 1 2

..... 11
IED Control
IED Control
IED Control
IED Control
IED Control
IED Control
IED Control
IED Control
IED
Prot.
IED Prot.
IED Prot. Prot.
IED Prot.
IED Prot. Prot.
IED Prot.
IED Prot.
... IED
... IED
..... ... IED

Introduction to
Object Model 48
IEC 61850
The IEC 61850 object model is the centerpiece of the standard.

It relies on application know-how of the standards group.
The model is used for:
- system verification (“virtual maximum size substation”)
- engineering of a particular substation
- allocation of functions to devices in that substation
- configuration of the real devices (IEDs and SCADA) and real network
- testing and debugging
The object model is implemented:
-a) in the engineering tools (total substation)

-b) in the SCADA (relevant parts of substation)
-c) in the devices (only local functions, need-to-know)
Introduction to
Impact of the SCL on the engineering process 49
IEC 61850
Substation
IET configuration Single Line Telecontrol
SCADA
Diagram
SCD COMxxx
Status and
Control
ICD interbay bus
CAP / PCM
Tools
IED configuration
CID IED IED IED
physical signals physical signals physical signals
The use of SCL obliges to adopt a top-down approach in engineering:
1) Single line diagram

2) Bay description
3) Function description
4) Communication description
5) IED parameters
Introduction to
IET: substation configuration tool 50
IEC 61850
IET in used in all projects to produce the single line diagram, attach the IEDs
and generate the SCD file
Introduction to
The Synthy idea: simulate devices modeled in IEC 61850 51
IEC 61850
Supervisory Level (SCADA)

LAN Analyzer
GPSa
Integrated Tele-
HMI control
SCADA
Engineering Event
Tools DataBase
Station
DB
Printers
Computer
OPC / HMI OPC
IEC 61850 Industrial Ethernet

SCD
PCM
bay bay bay bay bay bay
substation objects
Omicron, 1A~, 100V~
XS-92 110V=, 24V=
Lower testers script
switches
RTU script
script GUI
and leds PLCs
GUI
classic testing
Synthy
Introduction to
Synthy in Factory Acceptance Test 52
IEC 61850
before….
SCADA
real IEDs
Synthy
after….
Introduction to
Contents 53
IEC 61850

8. Conclusion
Introduction to
The main features of IEC 61850 54
IEC 61850
- defines interconnection of IEDs based on Ethernet / TCP-IP / MMS
- defines besides TCP/IP a Layer 2 traffic for time-critical data
-defines an object model
-defines application layer semantics for the objects
-defines a substation configuration language

Introduction to
Benefits of IEC 61850 55
IEC 61850
The benefit of an IEC61850 device is not in the price of the device: it

is in lower cost to use the device.
The benefit of an IEC61850 system is not in buying the system: it is

in lower costs to engineer and commission the substation system.
The cost of an installed device is 7 times the value of the device !

“The flexibility provided by the IEC61850/UCA-MMS

protocols has the potential for saving millions of dollars
in development costs for utilities and manufacturers,
since it eliminates the need for protocol converters and
lengthy, complex database mapping when integrating
devices from different manufacturers.
Gustavo Brunello, GE, in Electricity Today, Issue 4, 2003, page 10”
Introduction to
Conclusion 56
IEC 61850
IEC 61850 is the base for all future developments in substation automation
IEC 61850 is a successful standard in substations, because it put all competitors on an equal
footing through the Ethernet / Internet technology.
IEC 61850 defines an application object model that is independent from the communication and
ensures long-term investment.
IEC 61850 value resides in the savings in engineering and testing that it allows.
IEC 61850 paved the way for other standards, such as wind mills, hydro and the same principles
could be used in any standardized plant. .
Introduction to
Outlook: Spreading to other standards 57
IEC 61850
The methods of IEC 61850 have been applied successfully to other domains.
IEC 61400-25 (Wind turbines)

IEC61850-90-7 (Inverters for Distributed Energy and Renewable)
IEC 61850-90-5 (Synchrophasor transmission)
IEC_61850-7-510 (Hydro plants)
IEC_61850-7-420 (Distributed Energy and Renewable)
=> Common Information Model (CIM, IEC 61968 / IEC 61970)

Introduction to
Wind turbine objects 58
IEC 61850
WindTurbine (WTUR)
Logical Node
TMS Turbine Availability Time Emergency Stop BOOL

TMS Turbine Operation Time Var SetPoint STP
CTE Number of Turbine Starts W SetPoint STP
CTE Number of Turbine Stops
STV Windturbine Status
AMV Total active Energy generation
Windturbine operation command CMD
network
every conformant wind turbine must implement these objects !

IEC 61850
Introduction to
59

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Prof. Dr.

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd, Corporate Research, ABBCH-RD

IEC 61850 is a collection of international standards defining:

-how to describe the devices in an electrical substation and

It is the base for all developments in substation automation.

keep on reading even if you are an executive…

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

circuit breaker (3 phases) disconnector (3 phases) power transformers

Gas Isolated high voltage medium voltage

Connect towns and large industries to the grid

- distribution of electricity (to the different rooms),

- control (switch on/off) and

equipment is divided into:

Fällanden =AD17 -KB2 Fällanden =AD17 -KB2

-Q0 Feldsteuergerät REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck

500SCM 500SCM 500SCM 500SCM 500SCM

Rx2 Rx2 Rx2 Rx2 Rx2

Tx3 Tx3 Tx3 Tx3 Tx3

Rx3 Rx3 Rx3 Rx3 Rx3

SAMMELSCHIENENSCHUTZ REB500 RESERVESCHUTZ

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

=BI1 =QC2 =BI1 =QC2 =BI1 =QC2 =BI1 =QC2

bay 1 bay 2 bay 4 bay 5

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

=QC1 =QC1 =QC1

bay 1 bay 2 bay 2

voltage / power level

duration before trip [ms]

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5. Data communication topology

7. Substation Description Language and Tools

Logical Device Q0_L3/

circuit breaker control

Logical Device B_L3/

IEC 61850 describes each function within a substation equipment

S Sensor and monitoring 4

XCBR Circuit breaker a high-power switch capable of switching off

XSWI Circuit switch a switching device capable of electrically

Each attribute of a DATA consists of a number of Data Attributes,

d Visible String255 Description (DC)

Basic Type only needed when

PSDE Sensitive directional earth fault

<DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/SPS/ST/BOOLEAN/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,13" />

1. Introduction: substation elements

2. Description of the electrical topology

REC3164 REC3164 SPAJ140C REC3164 RET3164 SPAJ110C Tertiary REC316*4 REB500