Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Homework 2 Solution PDF
Homework 2 Solution PDF
Homework 2 Solution PDF
Chapter 3
1. A TV channel has a bandwidth of 6 MHz. If we send a digital signal using one
channel, what are the data rates if we use one harmonic, three harmonic, and five
harmonics?
Ans BW = 6 MHz
2. The attenuation of a signal is -10 dB. What is the final signal power if it was
originally 5 W?
Ans –10 = 10 log10 (P2 / 5) → log10 (P2 / 5) = −1 → (P2 / 5) = 10−1 → P2 = 0.5 W
4. What is the total delay (latency) for a frame of size 5 million bits that is being sent
on a link with 10 routers each having a queuing time of 2 us and a processing time
of 1 us. The length of the link is 2000 Km. The speed of light inside the line is 2 x
108 m/s. The link has a bandwidth of 5 Mbps. Which component of the total delay
is dominant? Which one is negligible?
Ans Propagation time = distance / propagation speed
= 2000 Km / 2 x 108 m/s = 10 ms
Transmission time = Message size / Bandwidth
= 5 x 106 bits/ 5 Mbps = 1 s
Queuing time = 10 routers * 2 us = 20 us
Processing Delay = 10 routers * 1 us = 10 us
Total delay (latency) = 10 ms + 1 s + 20 us + 10 us
= 1010.03 ms = 1.01003 s 1 s
Chapter 4
1. Assume a data stream is ‘1101000000000010’ s.. Encode this stream, using the
following code schemes. How many changes (vertical line) can you find for each
scheme?
a. Unipolar: 4 changes between bit
b. NRZ-L: 4 changes between bit
c. NRZ-I: 4 changes between bit
d. RZ: 16 changes at the middle of each bit + 15 changes between bit
e. Manchester: 16 changes at the middle of each bit + 11 changes between bit
f. Diff. Manchester: 16 changes at the middle of each bit + 11 changes between bit
g. AMI: 6 changes between bit
h. 2B1Q: 3 changes between bit
i. MLT-3: 4 changes between bit
2. What is the sampling rate for PCM if the frequency ranges from 1000 to 4000 Hz?
Ans Sampling rate >= 2 x fhighest = 2 x 4000 = 8000 samples / s
3. Using the Nyquist theorem, calculate the sampling rate for the following analog
signals.
a. An analog signal with bandwidth of 2000 Hz
Ans Sampling rate >= 2 x fhighest = 2 x (fLowest + BW)
>= 2 x (fLowest + 2000)
b. An analog signal with frequencies from 2000 to 6000 Hz
Ans Sampling rate >= 2 x fhighest
>= 2 x 6000 = 12,000 samples /s
5. We have sampled a low-pass signal with a bandwidth of 200 KHz using 1024
levels of quantization. Calculate the bit rate of the digitized signal.
Ans Low pass signal: frequency between 0 – 200 KHz
BW = 200 KHz
Sampling rate >= 2 x fhighest = 2 x 200 KHz
>= 400,000 samples /s
Quantization 10 bits/sample;
Bit rate = 400,000 x 10 = 4 Mbps