Professional Documents
Culture Documents
By Anna Wilson
Standard
SS Standard
5th grade History Strand
2. Early Indian civilizations (Maya, Inca, Aztec, Mississippian) existed in the Western
Hemisphere prior to the arrival of Europeans. These civilizations had developed unique
governments, social structures, religions, technologies, and agricultural practices.
ELA Standard
RI.5.5 Compare and contrast the overall structure (e.g., chronology, comparison, cause/effect,
problem/solution) of events, ideas, concepts, or information in two or more texts.
Learning objectives
1. Students will be able to identify characteristics of early civilizations.
2. Students will be able to explain why early civilizations are important to us today.
3. Students will be able to create art in the style of the early civilizations learned.
4. Students will compare and contrast aspects of early civilizations.
Materials
Worksheets (given as the unit lesson continues under each day/heading.)
Source: Aztec-Inca-Maya-and-Mississippian-Bundle-15-days-3124169
KWL Chart
Before and After Learning chart
Pencils and erasers
Highlighters
White index cards (for flashcards)
Pink, yellow, green, and orange index cards (for word wall)
Tape/glue (paper pottery)
Paint (pottery/jewelry)
Brushes
Colored pencils/crayons/markers
Crayola Air Dry Modeling Clay
Chromebooks
Smartboard
Youtube
Optional
tissue paper, stickers, scrapbook paper
Black construction paper
*Whole Group will take place on our meeting place on the circle rug. Independent work
(which includes partner work) will take place where students choose.
*During independent work, I will be wandering the room visiting students and
encouraging deeper level thinking through discussions and questions. I will help
students if they have questions or problems, and I will continuously make sure students
are on task, and if not, give them a break or reconvene as a whole group earlier than
listed. The students have power as to how long these sessions will go; the listed times
are just a suggestion.
*I will be looking over all the activities that students complete.
Procedures
Day 1
Whole group (10 minutes)
“Today we are starting our unit lesson about early civilizations. Do any of you understand what I
mean when I say early civilizations? What comes to your mind?”
● Students will complete a KWL chart to activate their prior knowledge of early civilizations
(Aztec, Inca, Maya, and Mississippian). They will draw 3 lines horizontally (to make 4
rows) and each row will be dedicated to a different civilization: Aztec, Inca, Maya,
Mississippian. The topic will be “Early Indian Civilizations.” They will then Turn & Talk to
their neighbors about what they already know and what they wonder about the 4
civilizations. They will complete the last column at the end of each mini unit. (The right
column called “What I Learned” will also serve as a formative assessment where I can
see what they have learned compared to what they knew when they started.)
● Have students fill out this prior knowledge worksheet about the Aztecs. The students will
keep this and fill it out again at the end of the unit to see if their previous knowledge was
correct compared to their new knowledge.
Accommodations
- I will model how to split the KWL chart up so there is no confusion if my students are
more visual learners
- I will have students help each other with their before learning chart if they need help
- If students would rather Read to Someone (if they aren’t a strong reader on their own,
they can do that)
- Since many of the words are hard to say, students can create a different name to say
instead of trying to pronounce the hard ones
- If students have trouble writing or aren’t wanting to, they can draw a picture to depict
what they are trying to get across or use colorful, sparkle pens to motivate them to write
- Students get to choose where they want to work for independent work time
- Depending on the day, students get to choose who they work with and what they want to
work on.
- For vocabulary throughout this entire unit, if students would rather make a quizlet on
their Chromebooks instead of making actual flashcards, they are allowed to do this.
Day 2
Whole Group (10 minutes)
● Review yesterday’s lesson, highlights, what we learned, what our goal of the unit is, and
where we left off yesterday.
● Have students summarize what they read yesterday in the passage. Go over any tough
words or things they found interesting.
● Explain how they will write about the current cultural influences of the topics on the sheet
of paper below in the paired practice.
Vocabulary List:
Capital→ the main city of their land
Metropolis→ a city that is the center of activity
Tenochtitlan→ Mexico City
Huitzilopochtli→ a god
Class system→ hierarchy of social status
Huey Tlatoani→ Aztec emperor
Dynasty→ family of leaders (power is passed down from one ruler to the next within the
same family)
Lake Texcoco→ the lake where their island was
chinampas→ reeds weaved together
Nahuatl→ Aztec language
Codices→ books
Montezuma→ Aztec emperor
Quetzalcoatl→ Aztec god
Conquistador→ Spanish explorer whose goal was to conquer (take) other civilizations
and their land and resources for Spain.
Cathedral→ church
Monument to Cuauhtémoc→ memorial in honor of the last official Aztec emperor,
Cuauhtémoc
Accommodations
- I will model how to split the KWL chart up so there is no confusion if my students are
more visual learners
- I will have students help each other with their before learning chart if they need help
- If students would rather Read to Someone (if they aren’t a strong reader on their own,
they can do that)
- Since many of the words are hard to say, students can create a different name to say
instead of trying to pronounce the hard ones
- If students have trouble writing or aren’t wanting to, they can draw a picture to depict
what they are trying to get across or use colorful, sparkle pens
- Students can use their Chromebooks to look up inspiration for their illustrations
- Students get to choose where they work
Day 3
Whole Group (30 minutes)
● Have a student share what we did yesterday
● Have 3 students share things they learned yesterday
● “Who remembers what I mentioned we’d be doing today? Today we will be making our
own Day of the Dead Skull!”
● Read script: : El Dia de Los Muertos (The Day of the Dead) is a Mexican holiday
celebrated on November 1st. This holiday combines the Aztec traditions of honoring the
dead with the Catholic rituals of All Saints Day brought over by the Spanish
conquistadors. The most familiar symbol of Dia de los Muertos may be the calacas and
calaveras (skeletons and skulls). Today, you will be creating your own calaveras. Make
sure to decorate them with symbols of your own personality.
● Play this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmUf7ix_bag (Listen to
Reading)
● Go through this slideshow. Encourage them to take notes of different art from it as they
will be making their own skull.
○ https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YZv_wvKp7A0_h9HwvydjVFo1m9awaYsw/view?
usp=sharing
● Optional: provide students with multicolored tissue paper, stickers, scrapbook paper, etc.
To decorate their skulls. I usually provide my students with black construction paper to
mount their finished products onto.
● Model how to think when figuring out how to decorate the skull. Ask the class questions
of what to include both from an Aztec perspective and from a current day perspective.
Draw it and start to decorate it. This will be the class skull. Explain that these skulls will
be hung up, so make sure the students take their time one them.
Accommodations
- I will model how to split the KWL chart up so there is no confusion if my students are
more visual learners
- I will have students help each other with their before learning chart if they need help
- If students would rather Read to Someone (if they aren’t a strong reader on their own,
they can do that)
- Since many of the words are hard to say, students can create a different name to say
instead of trying to pronounce the hard ones
- If students have trouble writing or aren’t wanting to, they can draw a picture to depict
what they are trying to get across or use colorful, sparkle pens
- If students have trouble illustrating the story board, they can use their chromebooks to
look up images for reference for their drawing.
- Students get to choose where they work
Day 4
Whole Group (10 minutes)
● “Yesterday we read about the Inca. Tell me a little bit about them. What were some
difficult words or questions you had? What were some things you found interesting? Can
someone give me a summary of what we read yesterday?” (formative assessment)
● Explain that in their small group they will write sentences and even draw pictures if
they’d like of how the images given relate to the Inca. (Work on Writing)
Accommodations
- I will model how to split the KWL chart up so there is no confusion if my students are
more visual learners
- I will have students help each other with their before learning chart if they need help
- If students would rather Read to Someone (if they aren’t a strong reader on their own,
they can do that)
- Since many of the words are hard to say, students can create a different name to say
instead of trying to pronounce the hard ones
- If students have trouble writing or aren’t wanting to, they can draw a picture to depict
what they are trying to get across or use colorful, sparkle pens for motivation to write.
- Students get to choose where they work
- Students get to choose what activity they want to complete first.
Day 5
Whole Group (10 minutes)
● “So yesterday we learned more about the Inca. What were some important things
we learned? Why is it important that we learn about the Inca? Are there any
questions you thought of since yesterday?” (formative assessment)
● For our small group, you will look at the vocabulary that we have learned about
the Inca so far (Word Work):
○ Manco Capac→ leader of the village when the Inca settled
○ Inti→ sun god
○ Lake Titicaca→ a lake close to the Inca
○ Cuzco→ an Inca city
○ Sapa Inca→ the leader of the Inca
○ Tawantinsuyu→ the name of the Inca government
○ Suyus→ each section of their empire
○ Wamani→ smaller provinces within each section (suyus)
○ Ayllus→ large families in the provinces (wamanis)
○ Polytheistic→ believing/worshipping more than 1 god
○ Coricancha→ the most sacred temple
○ Mummified→ a certain way of being prepared to be buried including the body
being wrapped in strips of cloth
○ Cuy→ roasted or fried guinea pig
○ Quipus→ a system of knots and strings to represent numbers. They used this to
keep track of their records of good and animals
○ Machu Picchu→ a city that has the most preserved architecture of the Inca. One
of the world’s most marveled man-made wonders.
○ Francisco Pizarro→ Spanish explorer and conquistador who took over the Inca
empire
○ Atahualpa→ the emperor in power when Pizarro took over the Inca empire
Independent Work
● Based on the brainstorming of the students and who is assigned what, students will
design their quilt, filling in the entirety of the area provided. Also, have students complete
the “After Learning” portion of the “Who Were the Inca?” worksheet and complete the
Learned section of the KWL.
Accommodations
- I will model how to split the KWL chart up so there is no confusion if my students are
more visual learners
- I will have students help each other with their before learning chart if they need help
- If students would rather Read to Someone (if they aren’t a strong reader on their own,
they can do that)
- Since many of the words are hard to say, students can create a different name to say
instead of trying to pronounce the hard ones
- If students have trouble writing or aren’t wanting to, they can draw a picture to depict
what they are trying to get across or use colorful, sparkle pens
- Students can use their Chromebooks to look up patterns for their quilt
- Students can work in pairs if they need motivation or help while making their vocabulary
words flashcards
- Students get to choose where they work
- Students get to choose the order in which they complete the art project, fill out KWL, and
fill out of after learning section.
Day 6
Whole Group (15 minutes)
● Just like we did with the first two groups, we are going to see what you already know
about a new, early civilization, the Maya. Complete the I Learned part of their KWL chart
and the Before Learning part of the Before and After Learning worksheet. (formative
assessment)
● Now, we are going to read about the Maya. Just like the first two, underline things you
aren’t sure about and highlight things you find interesting. (Read to Self)
Accommodations
- I will model how to split the KWL chart up so there is no confusion if my students are
more visual learners
- I will have students help each other with their before learning chart if they need help
- If students would rather Read to Someone (if they aren’t a strong reader on their own,
they can do that)
- Since many of the words are hard to say, students can create a different name to say
instead of trying to pronounce the hard ones
- If students have trouble writing or aren’t wanting to, they can draw a picture to depict
what they are trying to get across or use colorful, sparkle pens
- Students get to choose where they want to work for independent work time.
- Students get to choose if they want to Read to Self or Read to Someone.
Day 7
Whole Group (10 minutes)
● Sit with a partner and go over the reading we left off with yesterday. Talk about any
questions you have and what things you found interesting. (Read to Someone)
● As a group, summarize the reading and answer any questions they have. Talk about
what they found interesting. (formative assessment)
● Ask students their theory on why the Maya disappeared.
Day 8
Whole group (10 minutes)
● Today we are going to learn about our last civilization, the Mississippian. Fill out your
KWL Chart and the Before Learning part of our worksheets. (formative assessment)
● Are there any hypotheses on how the Mississippian live, where they live, etc.?
● In our first independent work time, you will read the passage, underline difficult or
confusing words and highlight things you find interesting (Read to Self or Read to
Someone). Then you get to choose between two worksheets. Whatever one you don’t
do in this session, you will do in the next. The first: You will write about the images and
describe their importance to the Mississippian civilizations and how it remains on our
culture today. (Work on Writing) The second: You will create a map of their community
using the text for reference.
● A group of students will each get a green card. They will write the word and definition
and hang it on the word wall.
● Have students will out the KWL Learned section and After Learning.
● Explain to the students that there will be a test on the material covered over the early
civilizations. They can take home whatever resources they read or created to study.
Vocabulary will not be on the test, however, you need to understand what those words
are in order to answer questions correctly on the test. So take your flashcards home and
take a look at the word wall. It is separated by civilization so you can study them each in
a different color. They will be covered up during the test tomorrow.
● We will review before the test tomorrow and also do an art project for the Mississippian
civilization.
Accommodations
- I will model how to split the KWL chart up so there is no confusion if my students are
more visual learners
- I will have students help each other with their before learning chart if they need help
- If students would rather Read to Someone (if they aren’t a strong reader on their own,
they can do that)
- Since many of the words are hard to say, students can create a different name to say
instead of trying to pronounce the hard ones
- If students have trouble writing or aren’t wanting to, they can draw a picture to depict
what they are trying to get across or use colorful, sparkle pens
- Students get to choose what they want to work on and where
- Students get to choose whether they want to Read to Self or Read to Someone
- Students get to work at their own speed, understanding what needs to be done during
the whole group but making decisions as to what they want to do first.
Day 9
Whole Group (1 hour)
● Go over what was learned yesterday.
● Have students get in pairs and go over flashcards (Word Work)
● Go over the word wall and have students read their cards to each other to review. (Word
Work and Read to Someone)
● Next, we are going to learn about how the Mississippian created jewelry and make our
own jewelry!
● Read script: : The Mississippian were very creative in their jewelry making. One of their
most recognizable pieces of jewelry was gorgets. Gorgets
● were round disk-like ornaments with two holes punched into the top to be strung as a
necklace. There have been many different types of gorgets found. Archaeologists are
unsure of their meaning, but they think they may have been used to identify the clan the
Mississippian Indian belonged to or as a status of wealth.
● Show the video to give students a reference of gorgets. You don’t show the entire thing,
but that’s optional.
watch (Play until 1:04) (Listen to Reading)
● Provide handouts to students of gorget template and discuss the different styles. Have
them decorate the gorget using one of the styles. Once completed, use this as a
template and provide them with Crayola Air-Dry clay to create their gorget. Make sure
they put holes in it so that it can be strung with yarn for them to wear once it hardens.
Review for Unit Test (Whole Group, 20 minutes)
● Review religious practices, class systems, and similarities and differences
between the cultures. Discuss distinguishing features and vocabulary between
the civilizations.
● Once they have finished their unit test, they can draw a picture of themselves as one of
the members of one of the early civilizations.
● I will grade this test and we will go over it within a week after it being administered. I will
give the tests back to them at that point too.
Accommodations
- I will model how to split the KWL chart up so there is no confusion if my students are
more visual learners
- I will have students help each other with their before learning chart if they need help
- If students would rather Read to Someone (if they aren’t a strong reader on their own,
they can do that)
- Since many of the words are hard to say, students can create a different name to say
instead of trying to pronounce the hard ones
- If students have trouble writing or aren’t wanting to, they can draw a picture to depict
what they are trying to get across or use colorful, sparkle pens
- Students can work anywhere in the room they want for their summative assessment as
long as they are working on it individually.
- If a drawing works better for what they are trying to explain and can orally explain it to
you, that will work as well.
- Students get a choice about what they want to write about
- Students are given a word bank