i

THE PERCEPTION OF SHS STUDENTS AMONG MILLENIAL

DEPRESSION

KRYSTOFYR AXLE ALCANTARA CORESIS

A RESEARCH PAPER PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY AND STAFF

OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT OF

KIDAPAWAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL,

KIDAPAWAN CITY IN PARTIAL

FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENT IN

PRACTICAL RESEARCH
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ABSTRACT

CORESIS, KRYSTOFYR AXLE A. 2020. “PERCEPTION OF SHS STUDENTS

AMONG MILLENIAL DEPRESSION.”KIDAPAWAN CITY NATIONAL

HIGH SCHOOL, KIDAPAWAN CITY, COTABATO.

Subject Teacher: ROMILEI A. LICERA, Ph.D.

The main aim of the present study was to find out the effects of depression on

students' academic performance. The proposed study was descriptive in nature.

The target population of the study was comprised of all Govt. Colleges Women

of city Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Students studying in second year class were

selected through simple random sampling technique. Two questionnaires were

used for data collection. Depression Screening Test by Ivan Goldberg was used

for measuring the level of depression and to find out the effects of depression on

student’s academic performance “Academic Performance Rating Scale” (APRS)

for teachers was administered to take teachers’ responses about students and

students’ academic record was taken out from respective institutions. Data was

analysed by using Chi-Square and paired sample t test. The result showed that

there is negative effect of depression on student’s academic performance

whereas there is a significance difference between the academic performance of

the students having low, medium and high level depression.

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CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

This research paper entitled, “THE PERCEPTION OF SHS STUDENTS

AMONG MILLENIAL DEPRESSION ON”, prepared and submitted by Krystofyr

Axle A. Coresis in partial fulfilment of the requirements in Practical Research I

(Qualitative Research) in the Senior High School Department of Kidapawan City

National High School is hereby accepted.

ROMILEI A. LICERA, Ph.D.

Teacher

GLADY E. PAGUNSAN, Ph.D

SHS Program Coordinator

ROSALINDA T. LONZAGA, Ph.D.

Principal IV
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to extend their profound gratitude and

appreciation to his parents, Mr and Mrs Antonio, for the support and assistance

whether financial or moral, and for the consideration during the overtime

sessions would never be put to oblivion.

To practical research teacher, Romilei A. Licera, for monitoring and

keeping in touch with the researchers to remind the rules and regulations that

helped the researchers to finish the papers and reach success.

To the students who have answer honestly and actively participated in

their study and help the researchers to get finer results.

Most importantly, to our Almighty Father, who never cease to give them

the strength and the patience that they need, whom all glory and honour they

offer their strengths, and He who graced them with knowledge and wisdom to

finish the study.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES PAGE

Title Page i

Abstract ii

Certificate of Approval iii

Acknowledgement iv

Table of Contents v

CHAPTER I – THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction 1

Objectives 2

Scope and Delimitation 2

Significant of the study 3

Definition of terms 3

Hypotheses of the study 3

CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 4

CHAPTER III – METHODOLOGY

General Procedure 5

Setting of the Study 6

Research Participant 6

Research Design 6

Sampling Technique 7

Research Instrument 7
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Data Analysis 8

CHAPTER IV – RESEARCH FINDINGS

Individual Profile 10

Key Themes: Interview Proper 11

CHAPTER V – INTERPRETATIONS, CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

Interpretation and Conclusion 16

Recommendations 17

CHAPTER VI – SUMMARY 18

REFERENCES 19

APPENDICES A. 20

APPENDICES B. CURRICULUM VITAE 21

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List of Tables

Table No. Title Page

1.1 Student’s Response in his own perspective 11

(For participant number 1).

1.2 Student’s Response in his own perspective 11

(For participant number 2).

1.3 Student’s Response in his own perspective 12

(For participant number 3).

2.1 Student’s Response in his own perspective 12

(For participant number 1).

2.2 Student’s Response in his own perspective 13

(For participant number 2).

2.3 Student’s Response in his own perspective 13

(For participant number 3).

3.1 Student’s Response in his own perspective 14

(For participant number 1).

3.2 Student’s Response in his own perspective 14

(For participant number 2).

3.3 Student’s Response in his own perspective 15

(For participant number 3).

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CHAPTER I

Introduction

Moving up to senior high school is a natural progression. Academic work

becomes more challenging, extra-curricular opportunities are more plentiful,

while at the same time boys and girls experience a period of rapid personal,

social development and mental health as they navigate a potentially stressful

time in emerging into an adulthood.

One of the multiple aspects of mental health the youth are very prone

nowadays is depression. According to mental health research conducted by

the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), one in four students have a

diagnosable mental illness. This is due to many factors that can affect their

emotional, mental, psychological state of mind in their everyday life especially

being a student. According to a recent report, analyzing data from the Blue

Cross Blue Shield Health Index, major depression diagnoses are rising at a

faster rate for millennial and teens compared to any other age group. Since

2013, millennial have seen a 47% increase in major depression diagnoses. The

overall rate increased from 3% to 4.4% among 18 to 34 year olds. It found that

major depression had the highest prevalence rate, or the likelihood of a person

having a disease, among health conditions affecting millennial.

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Objectives of the Study

This study aims to know among senior high school their perception regarding
millennial depression.

1. What are the perceptions of senior high school students towards

millennial depression?
2. What are the factors associated with millennial depression?
3. What are the possible treatments or solutions regarding millennial
depression?

Scope and Delimitation

The main purpose of the study is to provide information regarding the

perspective of the selected SHS students. The researcher limited the study to

one student from KCNHS STEM students of the school year 20219-2020 of

Kidapawan City National High School. The purpose of this study is to determine

the perception of senior high school students towards millennial depression. The

study will focus among senior high school students using liker scale. Each

participants will be presented with a series of question through an interview in

order to get objective perspectives.

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Significance of the study

This study will be undertaken to find out the perception of senior high
school students and the factors associating depression.

Benefiting the study are the various sectors as follows:

 Students
- The direct recipients of the output of this research are
the students especially those who experience
depression. Any treatment or solution can help the
students in coping up with this mental health problem.

Definition of Terms

Perception - a way of regarding, understanding, or interpreting

something.

Learning Process - a process that people pass through to acquire new

knowledge and skills and ultimately influence their
attitude.

Conventional - based on or in accordance with what is generally

done or believed.

Hypotheses of the study

Null hypothesis:

There is no difference in having perception of senior high school students’ to

millennial depression.
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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This part of the study will discussing the relevant literature connected with

the study on the perception of the students on millennial depression. This part

accounts to the works that have been published on a topic but accredited

scholars and researchers.

Depression is defined as psychiatric disorder and the common mental illness of

present century which is known as psychiatric cold. Depression has negative

effects on our behaviors such as loss of interest, productivity, and social contact.

the 11th leading cause of death is suicide in United States Suicide, which occurs

approximately every 16 minutes and Psychiatric disorder have diagnosed at the

time of their death in almost all the people who commit suicide [3-5]. Through

positive mood we feel good, which this has positive consequences and motivate

us to do what we needs [6].

When an infant is separated from a primary attachment figure, as in the Harlow

studies of rhesus monkeys, the result is not commonly despair and passivity,

immune system is also get harm, which lead toward depressive illness [7].

History of separations, rejections, and insecure attachments can be associated

with depressed people [8-10]. As we noted earlier, however, people with a

history of happy and secure attachments may also fall into prolonged depression

because of the loss of a beloved lifelong partner [11]. When depressed and non-

depressed people asked to recall happier times, non-depressed people cheer

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up. But depressed people feel even worse, as if the happy memory makes them

feel that they will never be happy again [12].

Depressed people exhibit a negatively explanatory style than non-

depressive people. Depression is linked with a negative, pessimistic way of

explaining and interpreting failure. Stressed caused negative emotions may have

various effects on health. This is especially so far depressed or anger prone

people. We become more friendly, our thought processes open up, when we

feels happy, we want to approach others, and helpful to others [13]. When we

are tired we often get depressed. College students suffer symptoms of

depression, which affect their academic performance [14]. Depressed mood also

affects behaviour.
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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study composed descriptive survey design which helped to obtain

more information about this study. The design is also purposefully selected due

to condition for collection and analysis data that relevant to the targeted

population, data sources and instruments like questionnaire. The design can be

used when collecting information about people’s attitudes, opinion, habits or any

of the variety of the education or social issue, also their perspectives.

General Procedure

1. Permission of the study

The research will consult to the adviser or subject teacher of the

class before conducting a survey to the respondent.

2. Selection of the Respondents

The researchers will select randomly among senior high school

students of Kidapawan City National High School.

3. Gathering of Data
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The data was gathered after the respondents answer the

questionnaire.

4. Presentation Analysis of Data

The data was analysed and presented qualitatively

Respondent of the study

The respondents of this study will came from different grade level

(strands) and section of students that has an experience of depression among

millennial students in Kidapawan City National High School where three (3)

respondents

Setting of the Study

The study will be conducted at Kidapawan City National High School,

Kidapawan City.
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Fig. 1 Map of Kidapawan City showing the location of Kidapawan City National

High School

Sampling Technique

This study used purposive sampling technique as its method of choosing its

appropriate respondents. The purposive sampling technique is a type of non-

probability sampling wherein the researchers are to choose people whom could

correspond adequately to the objectives of their study. The researcher of this

study were to administer the type of sampling technique by choosing three

respondents, of SHS students of Kidapawan City National High School, who the

researcher deem have enough stock knowledge on self-study.

Research instruments

The researchers used a survey questionnaires as an instrument to gather

the data.

A. Individual Interview. Interview guides were used in individual interview.

The interview guide was intended for the researchers’ guide.

B. Guide Questions. The following questions will be used as guide on to

what to ask the respondents about their own perspectives on depression.

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Data Analysis

The study used descriptive-evaluative design utilizing the qualitative data

analysis.

Questionnaires that gathered data such as the experiences and views will

be subjected to qualitative analysis. Santos (2010) noted that interview is a

flexible way of gathering data and will also be analyse qualitatively.

Qualitative research involves data that are encoded in words in narrative

descriptions. Researcher use qualitative method to observe and describe

conditions rather than control them. According to APA’s Ethics Code (2002), a

basic ethical principle for qualitative research is for the researcher not to tamper

with the natural setting under study. Participant observations are integral

components of qualitative research and are widely used in the fields of

education, sociology, and anthropology.

The results of the study were transcribed. Data gathered were analysed.

To analyse the data, qualitative analysis was done using interpretation of data to

answer problems.
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CHAPTER IV

RESEARCH FINDINGS

In this study, three students from SHS Student of Kidapawan City

National High school that shared their perspectives. The purpose of this chapter

is to present the findings related to the three main research questions: Findings

are organized by the themes: to know the perception of all SHS students on

being depress; to identify the purpose of being depress.

Individual Profile

John

John is a grade 11 student who enrolled in Kidapawan City National High

School. He is enrolled in STEM. He’s 17 years old. He has good grades.

Mark

Mark is a grade 11 STEM student who enrolled in Kidapawan City

National High School. He has good grades with High Honour’s. He’s 17

years old.

Nikki

Nikki is a grade 11 STEM student who enrolled in Kidapawan City

National High School. She’s 17 years old. She has excellent grades. With

High honour’s.
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Key Themes: Interview Proper

Table 1.1 Student’s Response in his own perspective

(For participant number 1).

Participant Question: what are your views or

perceptions about depression?

John Depression is a kind of feeling that

leads you to be sad and want to be

alone.

Students identified that what are they views or perceptions about

depression.

For John, is a kind of feeling that leads you to be sad and he want to be alone.

Table 1.2. Student’s Response in his own perspective

(For participant number 2).

Participant Question: what are your views or

perceptions about depression?
Mark Depression is a mental health disorder
and is a major disorder that negatively
affects how you feel. Also it can lead to
a variety of emotional and physical
problems.
For Mark, depression is a mental health disorder and he said that it can

also lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems.

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Table 1.3. Student’s Response in his own perspective

(For participant number 3).

Participant Question: what are your views or

perceptions about depression?
Nikki From what I know, depression is a very
dangerous thing that could happen to
anyone. It can lead to horrible things
such as anxiety, self-harm or worse,
suicide.
For Nikki, from what she know, depression is a very dangerous thing that

could happen to anyone. And she said that it can also lead to a horrible things

such as anxiety, self-harm or worse, suicide.

Table 2.1 Student’s Response in his own perception

(For participant number 1).

Participant Question: what do you think is are

the reasons behind depression?
John For me, reasons of depression are
problems, hearth break, low grades,
etc.
Students defined self-study in their own perception. For John, reasons

behind depression is when someone have problems, hearth break, low grades,

etc.
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Table 2.2 Student’s Response in his own perception

(For participant number 2).

Participant Question: what do you think is are

the reasons behind depression?
Mark There are a lot of reasons behind
depression. One is bullying, a person
who is being bullied ,ay experience
stress that may lead to depression n
which it has a negative effect on how
they feel, think and how they behave.
For Mark, he said that there are a lot of reasons behind depression. One

is bullying that it can lead to depression which it has negative effect on how they

feel.

Table 2.3 Student’s Response in his own perception

(For participant number 3).

Participant Question: what do you think is are

the reasons behind depression?
Nikki For me, there might be a lot of reasons
why some people are depressed, it
could be literally anything like death or
loss of a love one, abuse, serious
illnesses, and other personal problems.
For Nikki, she said that there a lot of reasons why people are being

depressed. It could be like death or loss of a love one, abuse, serious illnesses,

and other personal problems.

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Table 3.1 Student’s Response in his own perception

(For participant number 1).

Participant Question: what do you think is the

best solutions to lessen about
depression?
John You should engage yourself to your
friends which you may think a good
influence and also engage to sports.
Students have identified the advantages of self-study. For John, he said

that you should engage yourself to your friends which you may think a good

influence and also engage to sports.

Table 3.2. Student’s Response in his own perception

(For participant number 2).

Participant Question: what do you think is the

best solutions to lessen about
depression?
Mark The best solution to lessen depression
is to think positively, talk with friends
and family that will be able to help you
or talk to a mental health profession to
help you on what to do to slowly lessen
depression.

For Mark, he said that the best solution to lessen depression is to think

positively, talk with friends and family that will be able to help you or talk to a

mental health profession to help you on what to do to slowly lessen depression.

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Table 3.3. Student’s Response in his own perception

(For participant number 3).

Participant Question: what do you think is the

best solutions to lessen about
depression?
Nikki I think the best way to avoid being
depressed is, to have a positive mind
set, engage in sports or some
academic activities, and I believe the
most effective way to avoid being
depressed is to hold on to God and
always trust his timing.
For Nikki, she said that believe the most effective way to avoid being

depressed is to hold on to God and always trust his timing.

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CHAPTER V

INTERPRETATIONS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The research study aimed to know the perceptions of students among

SHS students in Kidapawan City National High School about depression. The

main research question were: 1.) what are your views or perceptions about

depression? 2.) What do you think is are the reasons behind depression? 3 what

do you think is the best solutions to lessen about depression? This study was

qualitative by nature of the research questions. A narrative research study was

used. The sampling methods were voluntary and purposeful samples of three

students currently enrolled in KCNHS STEM students, for S.Y. 2019-2020. The

researcher conducted one-on-one interviews. This study had limitations because

of the specific qualifications needed to be selected as one of the respondents

and the small number of participants. In addition, the findings represent only the

subjective meaning of a student from SHS students.

Interpretation and Conclusion

From the responses of the students, depression self-study truly helps with
their studies but the other student who disagree self-study can’t help her
because of her habit. Moving up to senior high school is a natural progression.
Academic work becomes more challenging, extra-curricular opportunities are
more plentiful, while at the same time boys and girls experience a period of rapid
personal, social development and mental health as they navigate a potentially
stressful time in emerging into an adulthood.
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Recommendation

Future researchers who wish to undertake further studies related and

concerning about perception of SHS students on millennial depression are

advised to take in consideration the following recommendation:

1. Add more respondents specially students or any strands of school.

2. Identify what are the bad effects of being depressed.

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CHAPTER VI

SUMMARY

This chapter presented findings from perception of SHS students on

millennial depression narratives of three participants who answered the research

questions: 1.) what are your views or perceptions about depression? 2.) What do

you think is are the reasons behind depression? 3 what do you think is the best

solutions to lessen about depression?

All of three of them concluded that being depressed is a way obtaining

new knowledge without the supervision/guidance of someone especially

teachers.

All of three of them have different conclusion that being depressed:

Depression is a kind of feeling that leads you to be sad and want to be alone,

Depression is a mental health disorder and is a major disorder that negatively

affects how you feel. Also it can lead to a variety of emotional and physical

problems. , depression is a very dangerous thing that could happen to anyone. It

can lead to horrible things such as anxiety, self-harm or worse, suicide.

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REFERENCES

1. NIMH. National Institute of Mental Health. Revised 2012. NIMH Publication No. 11-

4266(2012).

2. Field, T., “Adolescent depression and risk factors. Adolescence,” 36:491-498(2001)

3. American Association of Suicidology.USA. “Recommendations for Reporting

Suicide,” Retrieved November 14, 2007 from: Sci.int. (Lahore), 27(2), 1619-1624, 2015 I

4. American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP). Facilitating suicide

bereavement support groups; a self-study manual. New York, NY: Author. (2007).

5. Sudak, H. S. Suicide. In B. J. Shaddock& V.A. Shaddock (Eds). Comprehensive

textbook of psychiatry (Vol. 2. 8th ed., Pp. 2442-2443). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams

& Wilkins (2005).

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APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: Documentation
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APPENDIX B: CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: Krystofyr Axle Alcantara Coresis

Age: 17 yrs. Old

Sex: Male

Address: Mateo Purok 4, Kidapawan City