Advanced bus ticketing system with alert to passenger

Most of the people prefer buses as the common modes of transport. As they travel daily
by buses, they carry their own bus pass with them. But some have to pay the bus fare
while traveling in the bus. Sometimes they may be chances that a passenger may forget
his wallet and his pocket runs out of money. He has to pay the fine finally. So to avoid all
these, this project has been designed.

In general, a smart card is an integrated circuit card with memory capable of making
decisions. A smart card, chip card or integrated circuit card (ICC), is defined as any
pocket-sized card with embedded integrated circuits which can process information. This
implies that it can receive input which is processed by way of the ICC applications and
delivered as an output. In this project, we are using a contact smart card where the
information inside the card is communicated with the card reader by inserting card into
the card reader. The card reader in this project used is an SR-90 SDK of 1KB memory
size.

The user has to buy a smart card which allows him to ride on the city's network,
consisting of suburban trains and buses. As customers travel with this smart card, they
scan on at the beginning of their journey and scan off at the end at fare payment devices
called smart card readers. If the user smart card is not scanned off at the completion of a
journey, a default fare is likely to be charged. This smart card consists of the person’s
information such as the CARD ID and the amount is saved.

The reader consists of a smart card reader which gives the card details to a
microcontroller. The controller then reads the amount and the ID number and displays it
on the LCD. The amount is deducted from the card and if the balance is low, a beep is
sounded. The card can be recharged at recharge centers. Buzzer is used to indicate the
beep sound. LCD is used to display the person’s serial number as well as the balance in
the card.
SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE TOOLS:
Software Tools:
1. Keil compiler
2. Orcad.
3. Proload

Hardware Tools:
1. Microcontroller AT89S52.
2. Smart card reader
3. MAX232
4. LCD
5. Buzzer

BLOCK DIAGRAM