PROBLEMAS

1.- A pipeline, NPS 14 with 0.250 in. wall thickness, 40 mi long, transports natural gas (specific
gravity = 0.6 and viscosity = 0.000008 lb/ft-s) at a flow rate of 80 MMSCFD at an inlet
temperature of 60°F. Assuming isothermal flow and neglecting elevation changes, calculate the
inlet pressure required for a delivery pressure of 800 psig. The base pressure and base
temperature are 14.7 psia and 60°F, respectively. Use the Colebrook equation with pipe
roughness of 0.0007 in
2. A 100 mi long natural gas pipeline consists of several injections and deliveries. The pipeline is
NPS 18, 0.375 in. wall thickness and has an inlet volume of 150 MMSCFD. At points B (milepost
25) and C (milepost 70), 60 MMSCFD and 50 MMSCFD, respectively, are delivered. At D
(milepost 90), gas enters the pipeline at 40 MMSCFD. All streams of gas can be assumed to
have a specific gravity of 0.60 and a viscosity of 7.5 × 10−6 lb/ft-s. The pipe is inter-nally coated
such that the absolute roughness is 200 µ in. Assume a constant gas flow temperature of 80°F
and base pressure and base temperature of 14.7 psia and 60°F, respectively. Use a constant
compressibility factor of 0.88 throughout. Neglect elevation differences along the pipeline. a)
Using the modified Colebrook equation, calculate the pressures along the pipeline at points A,
B, C, and D for a minimum delivery pressure of 400 psig at the terminus E. b) What diameter
pipe will be required for section DE if the required delivery pressure at E is increased to 600
psig?
3. A natural gas pipeline, 210 km long, consists of an inlet stream at A and deliveries at B and C.
The pipeline is DN 400, 10 mm wall thickness. At A, the gas enters at a flow rate of 3.5 Mm3/day.
At points B (km 20) and C (km 100), gas is delivered at 0.5 Mm3/day and 1.0 Mm3/day,
respectively. At D (km 150), gas enters a branch pipe DF (DN 200, 6 mm wall thickness, 10 km
long) at a flow rate of 1.0 Mm3/day. The remaining gas volume of 1.0 Mm3/day is delivered to
the pipe terminus E. All streams of gas can be assumed to have a specific gravity of 0.58 and a
viscosity of 0.00012 Poise. The pipe’s absolute roughness is 0.015 mm throughout. Assume a
constant gas flow temperature of 15°C and base pressure and base temperature of 101 kPa and
15°C, respectively. Use a pipeline efficiency of 0.95 and constant compressibility factor of 0.88
throughout. Neglect elevation differences along the pipeline. a) Using the Panhandle B equation,
calculate the pressures along the pipeline at A, B, C, and D for a minimum delivery pressure of 30
Bar at terminus E. b) What is the delivery pressure of gas at the end of the branch DF? c) What
pipe diameter is needed for the branch DF if the delivery pressure required at F is 40 Bar?
4. A series piping system consists of 10 mi of NPS 16, 0.250 in. wall thickness, connected to 20 mi
of NPS 14, 0.250 in. wall thickness and 10 miles of NPS 12, 0.250 in. wall thickness pipes.
Calculate the inlet pressure required at the beginning A for a gas flow rate of 85 MMSCFD. Gas
is delivered to the terminus B at a delivery pressure of 600 psig. The gas gravity and viscosity
are 0.6 and 0.000008 lb/ft-s, respectively. The gas temperature is assumed constant at 60°F.
Use a compressibility factor of 0.85 and the General Flow equation with Colebrook friction
factor of 0.015. The base temperature and base pressure are 60°F and 14.7 psia, respectively.
5. A gas pipeline consists of two single pipes with a couple of parallel pipes in the middle. The
inlet flow rate is 120 MMSCFD. The first pipe segment AB is 10 miles long and consists of NPS
16, 0.250 in. wall thickness pipe. The loop BCE is 20 mi long and consists of NPS 14, 0.250 in.
wall thickness pipe. The loop BDE is 15 miles long and consists of NPS 12, 0.250 in. wall
thickness pipe. The last segment EF is 18 miles long, NPS 16, 0.250 in. wall thickness pipe.
Assuming a gas gravity of 0.6, calculate the outlet pressure at F and the pressures at the
beginning and the end of the pipe loops and the flow rates through them. The inlet pressure at
A = 1000 psig. The gas flowing temperature = 60°F, base temperature = 60°F, and base pressure
= 14.73 psia. The compressibility factor Z = 0.90. Use the AGA fully turbulent equation
throughout.
6. A natural gas pipeline is 60 km long. The gas flow rate is 5.0 Mm3/day at 20°C. Calculate the
minimum diameter required for an inlet and delivery pressure of 8.5 MPa (absolute) and 5 MPa
(absolute), respectively. Use the General Flow equation with the modified Colebrook-White
friction factor. The pipe roughness = 0.020 mm. In order to increase the flow rate through the
pipeline, the entire line is looped with an identical-diameter pipeline. Assuming the same
delivery pressure, calculate the inlet pressure at the new flow rate of 8 Mm3/day. The gas gravity
= 0.60 and viscosity = 0.000119 Poise. The compressibility factor Z = 0.90, base temperature =
15°C, and base pressure = 101 kPa.