TALLER BERNOULLI

Ximena Martínez
Ingeniería Ambiental – Física Térmica

1. A circular cylinder of height 1.20 m having faces of diameter 0.620 m is immersed

in water of density 1.00 × 103 kg/m3 with its axis vertical so that its faces are parallel
to the surface of the water. The upper face is 2.50 m below the surface of the water.
The net force on this cylinder is observed to be 1120 N downward. Atmospheric
pressure is 1.01 × 105 Pa. What is the weight of the cylinder?
𝐸 = 𝑝𝑔𝑣
𝐸 = (1.00 × 103 𝐾𝑔/𝑚3 )(9,8𝑚/𝑠 2 )(0,362𝑚3 )
𝑉 = 𝑟 2 ℎ 𝐸 = 3550,54 𝑁
𝑉 = (0.620𝑚/2)2 ∗ 1.2𝑚
𝐹 =𝐸+𝑤
𝑉 = 0,362𝑚3
𝑤 =𝐹−𝐸
𝑤 = 1120𝑁 − 3550,54𝑁 = 4670 N
2. An incompressible fluid flows steadily through a pipe that has a change in diameter.
The fluid speed at a location where the pipe diameter is 8.0 cm is 1.28 m/s. What is
the fluid speed at a location where the diameter has narrowed to 4.0 cm?

𝐴1 ∗ 𝑉1 = 𝐴2 ∗ 𝑉2 𝑑1 2
1 1 𝑣2 = ( ) 𝑣1
 (𝑑1 )2 𝑣1 =  (𝑑2 )2 𝑣 2 𝑑2
4 4
2 2 2
8.0 𝑐𝑚 2
(𝑑1 ) 𝑣1 = (𝑑2 ) 𝑣 𝑣2 = ( ) ∗ 1.28 𝑚/𝑠 = 5,12 𝑚/𝑠
4.0 𝑐𝑚

3. Water, of density 1000 kg/m3, is flowing in a drainage channel of rectangular

crosssection. The width of the channel is 15 m, the depth of the water is 8.0 m and
the speed of the flow is 2.5 m/s. At what rate is water flowing in this channel?
Volumen por tiempo
15𝑚 ∗ 8𝑚 (2.5 𝑚/𝑠) = 300𝑚3 /𝑠

Velocidad flujo del Agua

(300 𝑚3 /𝑠 )(100 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 ) = 3.0𝑥105 𝐾𝑔/𝑠
4. Water flowing through a pipe suddenly comes to a section of pipe where the pipe
diameter decreases to 86% of its previous value. If the speed of the water in the
larger section of the pipe was 36m/s, what is its speed in this smaller section?

𝑄1 = 𝑟ℎ0 1 ∗ 𝐴1 ∗ 𝑉1 = 𝑄2 = 𝑟ℎ0 2 ∗ 𝐴2 ∗ 𝑉2

𝐴1 ∗ 𝑉1 = 𝐴2 ∗ 𝑉2

𝐴1 𝑉1
𝑉2 = (12 𝑚)(36 𝑚/𝑠)
𝐴2 𝑉2 = = 48,6 𝑚/𝑠  49 𝑚/𝑠
0.86 𝑚2
⁄ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝑉
𝑉2 = 4
1
2
⁄ 𝑑 4
 TALLER BERNOULLI
Ximena Martínez
Ingeniería Ambiental – Física Térmica
5. Water is flowing in a horizontal pipe of diameter d. If you want to change the
diameter of this pipe so that the speed of the water would be half as great as it was,
what should be the new diameter?

Using equation of continuity

𝑑𝑖2 𝑣𝑖 = 𝑑𝑓2 𝑣𝑓
𝑑2 𝑣 = 𝑑𝑓2 (0.5)𝑣
𝑑2 = 𝑑𝑓2 (0.5)
𝑑𝑓 = √2𝑑

6. Incompressible water flows out of a large reservoir through a pipe that opens to the
atmosphere 5.70 m below the level of the water in the reservoir. What is the speed
of the water as it comes out of the pipe? RTA 10.6 m/s
1 1
[( ) 𝑝𝑣(12 ) + 𝑝𝑔ℎ1 ] + 𝑝(1) = [( ) 𝑝𝑣(22 ) + 𝑝𝑔ℎ2 ] + 𝑝(2)
2 2
1 1
( ) 𝑣(1 + 𝑝𝑔ℎ1 = ( ) 𝑣(22 ) + 𝑔ℎ2
2)
2 2
1 2)
( ) 𝑣(1 + 𝑝𝑔ℎ1 = 𝑔ℎ(2)
2
Despejar

𝑣(12 ) = 2𝑔∆ℎ = √2𝑔∆ℎ

∆ℎ = (ℎ ∗ 2 ∗ −1)
𝑣 ∗ 1 = √(2 ∗ 9.8 𝑚/𝑠 − 5,70) = 10.6 𝑚/𝑠

7. A horizontal tube consists of a 7.0-cm-diameter pipe that narrows to a 2.0-cm-

diameter throat. In the pipe, the water pressure is twice atmospheric pressure and
the water flows with a speed of 0.40 m/s. What is the pressure in the throat,
assuming that the water behaves like an ideal fluid? The density of water is 1000
kg/m3, and atmospheric pressure is 1.01 × 105 Pa.

Using equation of continuity

𝐴𝑝 𝑣𝑝 = 𝐴𝑡 𝑣𝑡
(0.25) 𝑑𝑝2 𝑣𝑝 = (0.25) 𝑑𝑡2 𝑣𝑡
(7)2 (0.40) = (2)2 𝑣𝑡
𝑣𝑡 = 4.9𝑚/𝑠 −1

Using Bernoulli´s theorem

𝑃𝑡 + (0.5𝑝𝑣𝑡2 ) = 𝑃𝑝 + 0.5𝑝𝑣𝑝2
𝑃𝑡 + (0.5)(1000)(4.9)2 = 2.02𝑥105 + (0.5)(1000)
𝑃𝑡 + 12005 = 202.080
𝑃𝑡 = 190075𝑃𝑎
𝑃𝑡 = 1.9 𝑥105 𝑃𝑎
 TALLER BERNOULLI
Ximena Martínez
Ingeniería Ambiental – Física Térmica
8. A large cylindrical water tank is mounted on a platform with its central axis vertical.
The water level is 3.75 m above the base of the tank, and base is 6.50 m above the
ground. A small hole 2.22 mm in diameter has formed in the base of the tank. Both
the hole and the top of the tank are open to the air. We can ignore air resistance
and treat water as an ideal fluid with a density of 1000 kg/m3.

(a) How many cubic meters of water per second is this tank losing?
𝑄 = 𝑉𝐴
2
2.22𝑥10−3
𝑄 = √2𝑔(3,75𝑚) ( ( ) )
2
𝑄 = 3.3𝑥10−5 𝑚3 /𝑠
(b) How fast is the water from the hole moving just as it reaches the ground?
1 1
𝑃1 + 𝑝𝑔ℎ1 + 𝑝𝑣12 = 𝑃2 + 𝑝𝑔ℎ2 + 𝑝𝑣22
2 2
1 2
𝑝𝑔ℎ1 = 𝑝𝑔ℎ2 + 𝑝𝑣1
2
𝑣 = √2[(9.8 𝑚/𝑠)(6.50 𝑚) − (9.8 𝑚/𝑠)(6.50 𝑚 + 3.75 𝑚)] = 8.6 𝑚/𝑠

𝑉𝑦 = √2𝑔ℎ 𝑉𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = √𝑣 2 + 𝑣𝑦2

𝑉𝑦 = √2(9.8𝑚/𝑠)(6.50𝑚)
𝑉𝑦 = 11.3 𝑚/𝑠 𝑉𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = √(8.6 𝑚/𝑠)2 + (11.3 𝑚/𝑠)2 = 14.2 𝑚/𝑠

9. Air is flowing through a rocket nozzle. Inside the rocket the air has a density of 5.25
kg/m3 and a speed of 1.20 m/s. The interior diameter of the rocket is 15.0 cm. At
the nozzle exit, the diameter is 2.50 cm and the density is 1.29 kg/m3. What is the
speed of the air when it leaves the nozzle?
𝐴 = 𝑝𝑖 𝑟𝑖2
𝐴𝑣 = 𝐴′𝑣′
𝑝𝑖 𝑟𝑖2 𝑣 = 𝑝𝑛 𝑟𝑒2 𝑣′
5.25 𝑥 0.0752 𝑥 1.2 = 1.29 𝑥 0.01252 𝑣′
𝑣 ′ = 175.8 𝑚/𝑠  176 𝑚/𝑠
10. A level pipe contains a nonviscous, incompressible fluid with a density 1200 kg/m3
that is flowing steadily. At one position within the pipe, the pressure is 300 kPa and
the speed of the flow is 20.0 m/s. At another position, the pressure is 200 kPa. What
is the speed of the flow at this second position?
1 1
𝑃1 + 𝑝𝑔h + 𝑝𝑣12 = 𝑃2 + 𝑝𝑔ℎ2 + 𝑝𝑣22
2 2
1 2
1 2
𝑃1 + 𝑝𝐹 𝑣1 = 𝑃2 + 𝑝𝐹 𝑣2
2 2
𝑃 + 1⁄ 𝑝𝑣 2 𝑃
1 2 1 2
𝑉22 =
1⁄ 𝑃
2 𝐹

300.000𝑃𝑎 + 1⁄2 (1200𝐾𝑔/𝑚3 ∗ (20 𝑚/𝑠)2 )

𝑉22 = = 566,6 𝑚2 /𝑠 2  √566,6 𝑚2 /𝑠 2
1⁄ (1200𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 )
2

𝑣2 = 23,8 𝑚/𝑠