BASIC LAWS ON THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF TEACHING

 Presidential Decree 1006 (Providing for the

Professionalization of Teachers, Regulating their Practice
in the Philippines, otherwise known as the Decree
Professionalizing Teaching was proclaimed on January 1,
1977. With this presidential proclamation, teaching became
professionalized in the Philippines.
 Teacher education be of the highest quality
 Strongly oriented to Philippine conditions
 And to the needs of and aspirations of the
Filipino people.
 1991 Congressional Commission to Review and Access
Philippine Education (EDCOM) – “Quality of Philippine
Education is declining”, “Teachers are at the heart of the
problem”
 Teachers are poorly trained
 There is a low quality of students enrolled
in teacher training
 Teaching is perceived as poorly steemed
profession, so it does not attract the best
as mandated in the Philippine Constitution
that “Teaching will attract and retain its
rightful share of the best available talents
through adequate remuneration and other
means of job satisfaction and fulfillment.”
 Republic Act 7836 (Philippine Teacher Professionalization
Act of 1994)-an act to strengthen the regulation and
supervision of the practice teaching in the Philippines and
prescribing a Licensure Examination for Teachers and for
other purposes.
Article 1.
Section 1. Short title
Section 2. Statement of policy
Section 3. Objectives
Section 4. Definition of Terms
a. Teaching – refers to the profession concerned
primarily with classroom instruction in
accordance with the curriculum prescribed by
 the Department of Education, Cultural and
Sports, whether part-time of full-time in
public or in private.
b. Teachers – all persons engaged in teaching at
the elementary and secondary levels, whether on
full-time or part-time.
c. Board – The Board for Professional Teachers
duly established and constituted under this
act.
d. Commission – Refers to the Professional
Regulation Commission.

Article II Board for Professional Teachers

Section 5. Creation and Composition of the Board

Section 7. Term of Office

Section 8. Qualification of Board Members

Section 9. Compensation of the Board

Section 10. Supervision of the Board and Custodian of

its Record. – The Board shall be under the supervision
and control of the Commission.

Section 11. Secretariat and Support Services

Section 12. Removal of a Board Member.

 REPUBLIC ACT 9293 – An act amending certain sections of RA

7836 otherwise known as the “Philippine Professionalization
Act of 1994”

Professional Teachers who have not practiced their

profession for the past 5 years shall take at least 6 units
of pedagogy and 6 units of content courses or the
equivalent training and number of hours; to be chosen from
a list of courses to be provided by the Board and the
Department of Education, before they can be allowed to
practice their profession in the country.

The para-teachers shall be assigned to areas where there is

a shortage or absence of a professional teacher, as
identified or provided by the Department of Education and
 the ARMM EDUCATION DEPARTMENT to the Board for Professional
Teachers and to be Commission. The special permit shall
indicate the area of assignment of the para-teacher.

A para-permit may also be issued by the Board to person

who has excelled and gained international recognition and
is a widely acknowledged expert in his or her respective
field of specialization.

 1947, virtue of Executive Order No. 94, Department of

Instruction was changed to DepEd or the Department of
Education.
 Bureau of Public and Private Schools regulated and
supervised the public and private schools
 1972, Department of Education and Culture in virtue of
proclamation 1081.
 1978, Ministry of Education and culture in virtue of P.D
No. 1837
 The Education Act of 1992 – Ministry of Education, Culture
and Sports
 1987 – Department of Education., Culture and Sports by
virtue of executive Order No. 117.
 EO No. 117 – The structure of DECS as embodied has
practically remained unchanged until 1994
 Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical
Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
-Supervised tertiary degree programs and non-degree
technical-vocational programs, respectively.

OTHER EDUCATION AND TEACHER RELATED LAWS

THE 1987 CONSTITUTION

ARTICLE XIV – EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ARTS, CULTURE

AND SPORTS
 The state shall protect and promote the right of all
citizens to quality education at all levels and shall take
appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all.

All educational institutions shall include the study of the

constitutions as a part of the curricula

Academic freedom shall be enjoyed in all institutions of

higher learning and that every citizen has the right to select a
profession or course of study, subject to fair and reasonable,
and equitable admission and academic requirements.

The Congress shall establish a national language commission

composed of representative of various regions and disciplines
which shall undertake, coordinate, and promote researchers for
the development, propagation and preservation of Filipino
language and other languages.

Science and Technology are essential for the nation

development and progress.

The state shall foster the preservation, enrichment and the

dynamic evolution of the Filipino national culture based on the
principle of unity in diversity in climate of free artistic and
intellectual expression and shall recognize, respect and protect
the rights of indigenous cultural communities to preserve and
develop their cultures, traditions and institutions.

The state shall promote physical education and encourage

sport programs to foster self-discipline, teamwork and
excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizen.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 4670

THE MAGNA CARTA FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS

o The Act shall be known as the “Magna Carta for Public

Schools Teachers” and shall apply to all public school
 teachers except those in the professional staff of
state colleges or universities.
o Applicant teachers shall meet the minimum educational
qualifications for teachers.
o Every teacher shall enjoy equitable safeguards at each
stage of any disciplinary procedure.
o There shall be no discrimination whatsoever in
entrance to the teaching profession, or during the
exercise, or in the termination of services, based on
any ground other than professional consideration.
o The proper authorizes shall take all step to enable
married couples, both of whom are public school
teachers, to be employed in the same locality.
o Teachers shall enjoy academic freedom in the discharge
of their professional duties, particularly with regard
to teaching and classroom methods.
o Teachers shall be protected against the consequences
of employment injuries in accordance with existing
laws.
o No teacher shall be allowed to accumulate more than
one year study leave unless he needs an additional
semester to finish his thesis for a graduate study in
education allied courses.
o An indefinite leave of absence shall be granted to
teachers when the nature of illness demands a long
treatment that will exceed one year at least.
o Any teacher may be required to render more than six
hours but not exceeding eight hours of actual
classroom teaching a day upon payment of additional
compensation at the same rate of his regular
remuneration plus, at least twenty-five percent of his
basic pay.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9155

AN ACT INSTITUING A FRAMEWORK OF GOVERNANCE FOR BASIC

EDUCATION, ESTABLISHING AUTHORITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY,
RENAMING THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND
SPORTS AS THE DEPARTMENT OF EDCATION FOR OTHER
PURPOSES
 o This Act shall be known as the “Government of Basic
Education Act of 2001”
o All functions, programs and activities of the
Department of Education related to Sports shall be
transferred to the Philippine Sports Commission (PSC)
o This act which is consolidation of Home Bill 10732 and
Senate Bill No. 2191 was finally proved by the house
of representative and the Senate on June 6, 2001, and
was approved by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.

BATAS PAMBANSA Blg. 232

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE

OF AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF EDUCATION

o This Act shall be known as “Education Act of 1982”

o The educational system aims to develop professions

that will provide leadership for the nation in the
advancement of knowledge for improving the quality of
human life.

o -The members and elements of the educational community

are the parents, students, School Personnel and the
Schools.

o -Parents have the rights to access any official record

directly relating to the children who are under their
parental responsibility.

o -The students have the right to freely choose their

field of study to existing curricula and to continue
their course therein up to graduation, except in case
of academic deficiency, or violation of disciplinary
regulations.

o -Students have the rights to free expressions of

opinions and suggestions and the right to be free from
involuntary contributions, except those who approved
by their own organizations or societies.
 o -The Academic staff has the right to be free from
compulsory assignments not related to their duties as
defined in their appointment or employment contracts,
unless compensated therefor, conformably existing law.

o -School administrators shall be deemed persons in

authority while in the discharge of lawful duties and
responsibilities, and shall therefore be accorded due
respect and protection.

o -Every school administrator shall be accountable for

the efficient and effective administration and
management of the school and observe due process,
fairness, promptness, privacy, and constructiveness
and consistency in disciplining his teachers and other
personnel.

o -Formal education refers t to the hierarchically

structured and chronological graded leanings organized
and provided by the formal school system and for which
id required in order for the learner to progress
through the grades or to move to higher levels.

o -The government shall provide assistance to

financially disadvantaged and deserving students. Such
assistance may be in the form of State scholarships,
grants-in-aid, assistance from the Education Loan
Fund, or subsidized tuition rates in the State
colleges and universities.

o -This Act was passed by the Batasang Pambansa on

September 10, 1982

Excerpts from the Family Code of the Philippines

Title IX
Parental Authority
o -The father and the mother shall jointly exercise
parental authority over the persons of their common
children. In case of disagreement, the father’s
decision shall prevail, unless there is a judicial
order to the contrary.

o -Children shall always observe respect and reverence

toward their parents and are obliged to obey them as
long the children are under the parental authority.

o -In case of absence or death of either the parent, the

parent present shall continue exercising parental
authority. The remarriage of the surviving parent
shall not affect the parental authority over the
children, unless the court appoints another person to
be the guardian of the person or property of the
children.

o -No child under seven years of age shall be separated

from the mother, unless the court finds compelling
reasons otherwise.

o -In case of death, absence or unsuitability of the

parents, substitute parental authority shall be
exercised by the grandparents. In case several
survive, the one design by the court, taking into
account.

o -No descendant shall be compelled, in a criminal case,

to testify against his parents and grandparents,
except when such testimony is indispensable in a crime
against the descendant or by one parent against the
other.

o -The school, and its administrator and teachers, or

individual, entity or institution engaged in child
care shall have special parental authority and
responsibility over the minor child while under their
supervision, instruction or custody.

o -Parents shall keep their company, to support, educate

and instruct them by right precept and good example,
and to provide for their upbringing in keeping with
their means.

o -Parents shall enhance, protect preserve and maintain

their physical and mental health at all means.
 o -Parents and other persons exercising parental
authority shall be civilly liable for the injuries and
damages caused by the acts of omissions of their
unemancipated children living in their company and
under their parental authority subject to the
appropriate defences provided by law.
o -The property of the unemancipated child earned or
acquired with his work or industry or by onerous or
gratuitous title shall belong to the child in
ownership and shall be devoted exclusively to
otherwise.

o -If the parents entrust the management or

administration of any of their properties to an
unemancipated child, the net proceeds of such property
shall belong to the owner.

o -Parental authority is suspended upon conviction of

the parent or the person exercising the same of a
crime with the penalty civil upon pardon or amnesty of
the offender.

o -In no case shall the school administrator, shall or

individually engaged in child care and exercising
special parental authority, inflict corporal
punishment upon the child.

EXCERPTS FROM REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7610- SPECIAL PROTECTION

OF CHILDREN AGAINST CHILD ABUSE, EXPLOITATION AND
DISCRIMINATION ACT

ARTICLE VI
Other Acts of Abuse
Section 10
Other Acts of Neglect, Abuse, Cruelty or Exploitation
and Other Conditions Prejudicial to the Child’s
Development
 o -Any person who shall commit any other acts of child
abuse, cruelty or exploitation or to be responsible
for other conditions prejudicial to the child’s
development including those covered by Article 59 of
Presidential Decree No. 603, as amended, but not
covered by the Revised Penal Code, as amended, shall
suffer the penalty of prison mayor in its minimum
period.
o -Any person who shall induce, deliver or offer a minor
to any one prohibited by this Act to keep or have in
his company a minor as provided in the preceding
paragraph shall suffer the penalty of prison mayor.
- Any person who shall use, coerce, force or
intimidate a street child or any other child
to;
 Beg or use begging as a means of living;
 Act as conduit or middlemen in drug trafficking or pushing;
or
 Conduct any illegal activities, shall suffer the penalty of
prision correccional in its medium period to reclusion
perpetua.

o -For purposes of this Act, the penalty for the

commission of acts punishable under Articles 248, 249,
262, paragraph 2, and 263, paragraph 1 of Act No.
3815, as amended, the Revised Penal Code, for the
crimes of murder, homicide, other intentional
mutilation, and serious physical injuries,
respectively, shall be reclusion perpetua when the
victim is under twelve (12) years of age. The penalty
for the commission of acts punishable under Article
337, 339, 340 and 341 of Act No. 3815, as amended, the
Revised Penal Code, for the crimes of qualified
seduction, acts of lasciviousness with the consent of
the offended party, corruption of minors, and white
slave trade, respectively, shall be one (1) degree
higher than that imposed by law when the victim is
under twelve (12) years age.
o -The victim of the acts committed under this section
shall be entrusted to the care of the Department of
Social Welfare and Development.
 Republic Act No. 7877

An Act Declaring Sexual Harassment Unlawful in

the Employment, Education or Training
Environment, Education or Training Environment,
and for Other

o -This Act shall be known as “Anti-Sexual Harassment

Act of 1995”

o -The State shall value the dignity of every

individual, enhance the development of its human
resources, guarantee full respect for human rights and
uphold the dignity of workers, employees, applicants
of employment, students or those undergoing training,
instruction or education.

o -Any person who directs or induces another to commit

any act of sexual harassment as herein defined, or who
cooperates to the commission thereof by another
without which it would not have been committed, shall
be held liable under this Act.

o -It shall be the duty of the employer or the head of

work-related, educational or training environment or
institution to prevent or deter the commission of acts
of sexual harassment and to provide the procedures for
the resolution, settlement or prosecution od acts of
harassment.

o -In case of work related environment, the committee

shall be composed of at least one representative each
form the management, the union, if any, the employees
from the supervisory rank, and from the rand and file
empl0yees.

o -The employer or head of office, education or training

institution shall be solidarity liable for damages
arising from the acts of sexual harassment committed
in the employment, education or training environment
if the employer or head of office, educational or
training institution is informed of such acts by the
offended party and no immediate action is under taken.
 o -Any person who violates the provisions of this Act
shall, upon conviction, be penalized by imprisonment
of not less than one month or more than six months, of
fine of not less than Ten thousand pesos or more that
Twenty thousand pesos or both such fine and
imprisonment at the discretion of the court.
o -Approved by (Sgd.) FIDEL V. RAMOS President of the
Philippines

Excerpts from Republic Act No. 8980

An Act promulgating a Comprehensive Policy and

a National System for Early Childhood Care and
Development (ECCD), Providing Funds Therefore
and Other Purposes.

o -This Act shall be known as the “ECCD Act”

o -It is hereby declared the policy of the State to

promote the rights of the children to survival,
development and special protection with full
recognition of the nature of childhood and its special
needs; and to support parents in their roles as
primary caregivers as their children’s first teacher.

o -One objectives of the National ECCD system is to

achieve improved infant and child survival rates by
ensuring that adequate health and nutrition programs
are accessible to young children and their mothers
from the prenatal period throughout the early
childhood years.

o -To enhance the role of parents and other caregivers

as the primary caregivers and educators of their
children from birth onwards.

o -To enhance and sustain the efforts of communities to

promote ECCD programs and ensure that special support
is provided for poor and disadvantaged communities.
 o -To ensure that young children are adequately prepared
for the formal learning system that both public and
private schools are responsive to the development of
these children.

o -Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) System

refers to the full range of health, nutrition, early
education and social services programs that provide
for the basic holistic needs of young children from
birth to age six, to promote their optimum growth
development.

o -The curriculum refers to the age-appropriate and

developmentally appropriate educational objectives,
programs of activities, organized learning experiences
and recommended learning materials for children that
are implemented by service providers through center
and home-based programs.

o -Parent education refers to the various formal and

alternative means of providing parents with
information, skills, and support system to assist them
in their roles as their children’s primary caregivers
and educators.

o -ECCD Management focuses on a continuing process of

planning and implementation, supervision, financial,
financial management, monitoring, evaluation and
reporting.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10157

AN ACT INSTITUTING THE KINDERGARTEN EDUCATION

INTO THE BASIC SYSTEM AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS
THEREFOR

o This Act shall be known as the “Kindergarten Education

Act”

o -Kindergarten education is vital to the academic and

technical development of the
o Filipino child for it is the period when young mind’s
absorptive capacity for learning is at its sharpest.
o -BEE shall refer to Bureau of Elementary Education
o -Mother tongue refers to the language first learned by
a child.

o -The State shall hereby adopt the mother tongue-based

multilingual education (MTB-MLE) method. The mother
tongue of the learner shall be the primary medium for
teaching and learning in the kindergarten level.

o -The authority to regulate the organization operation

and or implementation of the kindergarten education
program of both public and private schools shall be
vested upon the DepEd, through the creation of a new
Division under the BEE and other necessary support to
achieve successful implementation of kindergarten
education to include, but not limited to, increasing
enhancing teacher training early education, and
providing the necessary allocations for classrooms and
chairs, facilities and equipment, and textbooks.

o -Develop the curriculum for kindergarten education

consistent with the universally accepted norms and
standards, including values formation of which shall
be developmentally appropriate, and use the MTB-MLE as
a medium of instruction and to periodically review
such purpose of upgrading.

o -The DepEd shall immediately include in the program of

the department of the operationalization of the free,
mandatory and compulsory public kindergarten
education, the initial founding of which shall be
charged against the current appropriations for
kindergarten education of the DepED.

First Call for Children

CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD
Adopted by the General Assembly of the
United Nations on 20 November 1989

 -For the purpose of the present Convention,

a child means every human below the age of
 18 years unless, under the law applicable to
the child, majority is attained earlier.

 -State Parties shall undertake all

appropriate legislative, administrative, and
other measures for the implementation of the
rights recognized in the present Convention.

 -State Parties shall respect the

responsibilities, rights and duties of
parents or where applicable, the members of
the extended family or community as provided
by the local custom.

 -State Parties recognize that every child

has the inherent right to life.

 -The child shall be registered immediately

after birth and shall have the right from
birth name, the right to acquire a
nationality and, as far as possible, the
right to know and cared for by his or her
parents.

 -State Parties shall undertake to respect

the right of the child to preserve his or
her identity, including nationality, name
and family relations as recognized by law
without unlawful interferes.

 -State Parties shall ensure that a child

shall not be separated from his or her
parent against their will, expect when
competent authorities subject to judicial
review determine, in accordance with
applicable law procedures, that such
separation necessary for the best interest
of the child.

 -State Parties shall respect the right of

the child who is separated from one or both
parents to maintain personal relations and
direct contact with both parents and regular
basis. Except if it is contrary to the
child’s best interest.
 -State Parties shall take measures to combat
the illicit transfer and non-return of child
abroad.

 -The child shall have the right to freedom

of expression, this right shall include
freedom to seek, receive and impart
information and ideas of all kinds,
regardless of frontiers, either orally, in
writing or in print, in the form of art, or
through any other media of the child’s
choice.

 -State Parties shall respect the right of

the child to freedom of thought, conscience
and religion.

 -State Parties shall respect the right of

the child to freedom of association and to
freedom of peaceful assembly.

 -The child has the right to the protection

of the law against such interference or
attacks.

 -State Parties shall use their best efforts

to ensure recognition of the principle that
both parents have common responsibilities
for the upbringing and development of the
child.

 -State Parties shall take all appropriate

measures to ensure that children of working
parents have the right to benefit from
child-care services and facilities for which
are eligible.

 -Ensure that adoption of a child is

authorized by competent authorities who
determine, in accordance with applicable
lave procedures and on the basis of all
pertinent and reliable information.
 Alfelor Sr. Memorial College Inc.
Del Gallego, Camarines Sur

SUMMARY OF
DEFFERENT LAWS IN
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN
THE PHILIPPINES