LAWS IN EDUCATION

PRC BR 435 – Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers

PD 1006 – Decree Professionalizing Teachers
RA NO. 1425 – inclusion of the works of Jose Rizal
RA NO. 4670 – “Magna Carta for Public School Teacher”
RA 7722 – CHED
RA 7796 – “TESDA Act of 1994”
RA 7836 – Phil. Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994
RA 9155 – BEGA (Basic Educ.) or DepEd Law
RA 9293 – Teachers Professionalization Act
RA 10533 – K-12 Law
ACT NO. 2706 – “Private School Law”
COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 578 – “persons in authority”
KAUTUSANG PANGKAGAWARAN BLG 7 - PILIPINO NatlLng
PROKLAMA BLG 12 - Linggo ng Wika (Balagtas,Mr29-Ap4)
PROKLAMA BLG. 186 – Linggo ng Wika (Quezon,Ag13-19)
PROKLAMA BLG. 1041 – Buwan ng Wika (Ramos)
PHIL. CONSTITUTION ACT 14 – ESTACS
RA 1079 – no limit of Civil Service eligibility
RA 6655 – “Free Public Secondary Educ. Act of 1988”
RA 6728 – “Act Providing Government Assistance to
Students and Teachers in Private Education
RA 7277 – Magna Carta for PWD
RA 7610 – Anti-Child Abuse Law (Amendment: RA 9231)
RA 7743 – establishment of public libraries
RA 7877 – “Anti Sexual Harassment Act of 1995”
RA 7880 – “Fair and Equitable Access to Education Act”
RA 8049 – Anti-Hazing Law
RA 8187 – Paternity Act
RA 10627 – Anti-Bullying
SB 1987 ART. 14 SEK. 6-9 – FILIPINO (National Language)
Social Science
1. Paano ipinaabot ng mga Katipunero ang kanilang mensahe sa mamamayan?
a. Sa nilimbag na peryodikong Tagalog
b. Sa pamamagitan ng mensahe sa Tagalog
c. Sa mga simbulo ng titik at numero
d. Sa pamamagitan ng mensahero
2. Ibinabalik ang paligsahan sa balagtasan upang ______________.
a. Mahasa ang mga bata sa pagsasalita
b. Magkaroon ng kuwentuhan
c. Mahasa ang mga bata sa pakikinig, pagsasagot at pananaliksik
d. Mabuo ang loob ng mga kasali sa balagtasan
3. Ang saging kailanman ay di magbubunga ng santol. Ang salawikain ay nagpapahiwatig na:
a. Maaaring magbunga ng bayabas ang isang punong santol
b. Walang pagbabago and anoman
c. Ang bunga ng isang kahoy ay galling sa sariling lahi
d. Walang bungang di galling sa sariling puno
4. “Huwag ka ng mahuhuli sa lakad,” ayon kay Rafael. “Oo naman,” sagot ng kapatid. Ano ang kahulugan
ng sagot?
5. Siya’y isang pipi, ngunit kaya niyang mangguhit ng larawan. Siya’y isang _____________.
a. Pintor
b. Manunulat
c. Artista
d. Dalubhasa sa siyensa
6. Sabi ni Balagtas, “Ang laki sa layaw karaniwa’y hubad. Itoy tulad ng:
a. Batang walang pakiramdam sa hirap
b. Batang di sumusunod sa magulang
c. Batang di natuto sa klase
d. Kawayan na mataas
7. Noong panahon ng Hapon lumaban ang mga Filipino sa gitna ng kahirapan. Ang pinaka mahirap na
dinanas ng kawal ay ang
mahabang lakbay. Ito’y tinatawag na __________.
a. Death March
b. Return of McArthur
c. Fall of Corregidor
d. Fall of Bataan
8. Ayon sa Presidente, kung siya’y hahamunin, sila’y ____________.
a. ikukulong
b. dudurugin
c. awayin
d. aamuhin
9. Alin ang babala na dapat sundin ng mga mamamayan?
a. Itapon ang basura sa tabing dagat
b. Bayaran ang buwis para ang basura ay hakutin
c. Gawin ang paghihiwalay ng mga basura
d. Itapon ang basura sa Pasig
10. Sino ang may sabing “Ang hindi magmahal sa sariling wika ay higit pa sa malansang isda”?
a. Apolinario Mabini
b. Marcelo H. Del Pilar
c. Gregorio Del Pilar
d. Jose Rizal
11. Ang mga batang nakasuot ng kulay luntian ay napag-alamang mga _____________.
a. boy scout
b. pulis
c. girl scout
d. army
12. Ano ang pagkakasulat ng tulang “Ang Daigdig at Ako” ni Alejandro G. Abadilla?
a. May sukat at tugma
b. May tugma at taludturan
c. Malayang taludturan
d. May sukat at taludturan
13. Nang pumutok ang Bulkang Mayon, ang mga tao’y ____________ sa ibang bayan
a. nagsipaghanda
b. nagsipagtago
c. nagsilikas
d. nagsipagtakbo
14. May naaksidenteng limang taong bata sa lansangan. Sino ang unang sisisihin sa pangyayari?
a. Ang sasakyan na walang preno
b. Ang pabayang magulang
c. Ang pulis na wala sa kanto
d. Ang tsuper na mabilis magpatakbo
15. Anong hukuman ang siyang __________ ng kasong korapsyon
a. Court of Appeals – manglilitis
b. Ombudsman – tagapaglitis
c. Sandigang Bayan – naglilitis
d. Korte Suprema – maglilitis
16. Ano ang ginagawa sa Kawit kung araw ng Kalayaan?
a. Nagpupugay sa bandila at nag-aalay ng bulaklak sa mga bayani
b. Nagsisipagtalastasan ng kahulugan ng araw
c. Nagsisipag-awit at sayaw
d. Nagwawagayway ng bandila
17. Nagulat ang mga Amerikano noong _________ ang mga Hapon sa Pearl Harbor.
a. dadating
b. magsidating
c. nagsidating
d. dumating
18. Laging naaalaala ang wika ni Rizal na mamamatay siya sa _____________
a. Bukang- liwayway
b. Takip-silim
c. Hating gabi
d. Madaling araw
19. “Bago ako sumunod, ikaw na muna.” Ang tugon ng isang kagawad. Ito’y:
a. Paghahabla ng isang welga
b. Tugon ng walang tiwala
c. Pagkutya sa lider
d. Isang halimbawa ng tamad
20. Si M.H Del Pilar ay tagasunod ni Rizal sa larangan ng _____________
a. panggagamot
b. simbahan
c. baril
d. pagsusulat
21. Si Ninoy Aquino ay bumalik sa Pilipinas. Ayon sa kanya:
a. Di dapat buhayin ang mga Pilipino
b. Ang kamatayan ko para sa pamilya lang
c. Dapat bang magpakamatay dahil lang sa Pilipino
d. Ang lahing Pilipino higit sa lahat ay dapat ipaglaban, hanggang kamatayan
22. Ang pagtuturo ng Filipino bilang pangalawang wika ay higit na magiging mabisa kung gagamit nito.
a. modelo
b. tanong sagot
c. pagkukuwento
d. pagsasaulo
23. Sino ang kauna-unahang nagsalin sa Tagalog ng Mi Ultimo Adios ni Jose Rizal?
a. Jose Gaitmaitan
b. Apolinario Mabini
c. Andres Bonifacio
d. Jose Corazon de Jesus
24. Siya ang unang bumuo ng titik ng ating pambansang awit noong panahon ng himagsikan.
a. Andres Bonifacio
b. Graciano Lopez Jaena
c. Marcelo H. del Pilar
d. Jose Palma
25. Ano ang awiting bayan ng mga taga- Pampanga?
a. Pamulinawen
b. Ati Cu Pung Singsing
c. Dandansoy
d. Leron Leron Sinta
26. Ano ang mensahe ng sumusunod sa pahayag?
“Bunsod ng globalisasyon at kontraktwalisasyon at ang pagsasapribado ng mga pang gobyernong ari-
arian.”
a. Paubos na ang ari-arian ng bansa
b. Pamamayaning kapitalista
c. Walang permanente sa trabaho
d. Kailangang maging kompitent sa paggawa
27. Anong pagpapahalaga ang binibigyang- diin sa saknong?
“Datapwat muling sisikat ang araw
Piliit maliligtas ang lugaming bayan”
a. Positibong pananaw
b. Matibay na pananalig
c. Katapangan
d. Pagkamakabayan
28. Ito ay isang tulang pasalaysay na kinapapalooban ng pakikipagsapalaran, pamumuhay at
kabayanihan ng isang tauhang may
pambihirang katangian at kasamang kababalaghan.
a. Bugtong
b. Alamat
c. Epiko
d. Awit
29. “Ako’y isang ahas na sa kasukalan gumagapang.” Ito’y isang ______________
a. Metafor
b. Simile
c. Personifikasyon
d. Sinekdoke
30. Ano ang tawag sa awit ng pag-ibig?
a. Kundiman
b. Uyayi
c. Ihiman
d. Tagumpay
31. Kailan ang Linggo ng Wika ipinagdiriwang?
a. Hunyo 1-31
b. Agosto 1-31
c. Agosto 13-19
d. Marso 13- 19
32. Siya ang Pangulo ng Komonwelt na nagnais na magkaroon ng wikang pambansa ang Pilipinas.
a. Laurel
b. Ramos
c. Marcos
d. Quezon
33. Alin ang angkang pinagmulan ng mga wika sa Pilipinas?
a. Indones Polinesyo
b. Malay
c. Indones
d. Malayo Polinesyo
34. Ito ay isang uri ng awiting- bayan na ginagawa ng mga katutubo na may kasamang sayaw sag awing
Kabisayaan.
a. Oyayi
b. Balitaw
c. Tikam
d. Ihiman
35. Ito ay kuru-kuro ng patnugot hinggil sa mahalaga at napapanahong isyu sa araw na iyon. Ano ito?
a. Lathain
b. Editoryal
c. Balita
d. Pitak
36. Alin ang pahayagang itinatag ni Marcelo H. Del Pilar upang ilathala ang pagbatikos sa maling
pamamahala ng mga Kastila?
a. El Porvenir
b. Diariong Tagalog
c. El Resumen
d. La Solidaridad
37. Kailan natin ipinagdiriwang ang Buwan ng Wika?
a. Hunyo
b. Hulyo
c. Agosto
d. Oktubre
38. Sino ang tinaguriang Ama ng Demokrasyang Pilipino?
a. Emilio Aguinaldo
b. Emilio Jacinto
c. Andres Bonifacio
d. Apolinario Mabini
39. “Ang pisngi ni Mary ay kasing- pula ng makopa.” Anong uri ng pananalita?
a. Metonomiya
b. Pandiwantao
c. Patulad
d. Pawangis
40. Ilan ang kasalukuyang bilang ng ating alpabeto?
a. 31
b. 28
c. 20
d. 30
41. Aling panahon ang itinuturing na gintong panahon sa panitikan?
a. Hapon
b. Amerikano
c. Kastila
d. Aktibismo
42. Ito ang mga opisyal na wika mula sa panahon ng Republika hanggang sa kasalukuyan.
a. Filipino at Kastila
b. Ingles at Kastila
c. Ingles at Tagalog
d. Ingles at Filipino
43. “Yumanig ang gusali sa kanyang mga yabag” ito’y isang ____________.
a. Metafor
b. Sinekdoke
c. Hyperbole
d. Personifikasyon
44. Si Dr. Jose Rizal ay sumulat ng aklat ng itinampok sa ibat- ibang bansa. Ang pangngungusap ay
nagagamit bilang
__________________________.
a. Panuring
b. Pamuno
c. Tuwirang layon
d. Paksa
45. Ano ang ipinahihiwatig ng salitang may salungguhit? Matayog ang lipad ni Pepe kaya’t bata pa siya’y
nagsisikap na siya.
a. May kayabangan si Pepe
b. Mataas ang pangarap ni Pepe
c. Marunong si Pepe
d. Ibig ni Pepeng maabot ang langit
46. Alin sa mga salita ang kasingkahulugan ng salitang may salungguhit? Ang ama ni Anita ay kilalang
bulanggugo sa kanilang lalawigan.
a. Laging ibinubulong
b. Lagging handing gumasta
c. Lagging handing makipag-away
d. Lagging handing makipagtalo
47. Ano ang tayutay ang tinutukoy nito? “Durog ang katawang bumagsak sa semento si Miguel”
a. Pagtutulad
b. Pagbibigay katauhan
c. Pagmamalabis
d. Pagwawangis
48. Alin ang kahulugan ng Kahiramang SUKLAY?
a. Kakilala
b. Kaibigan
c. Karibal
d. Kalahi
49. Aling antas ng tono ang lumilitaw sa bahaging may salungguhit ng pangungusap na nagsasalaysay?
“Mababasa ng mga gawain ang
guro”
a. 1
b. 3
c. 2
d. 4
50. Aling antas ng tono ang lumilitaw sa bahaging may salungguhit ng pangungusap na nagdududa?
“Nagputol ng puno ang lalaki”
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. 3
51. Alina ng kahulugan ng AGAW-BUHAY?
a. Masiglang- masigla
b. Malapit ng mamatay
c. Pagpapatuloy ng buhay
d. Mahirap ng buhay
52. Ano ang kahulugan ng taludtud na ito?
“Ang anak mo ay alagaan sa marubdub na pasuyo sikapin mo sa sarili’y huwag siyang maging luko
talipandas sa paglaki na sa sama
marahuyo sa lahi mo’t sa Bayan mo’y isang tinik sa balaho.”
a. Mahalin ang anak ng walang hangganan
b. Tamang pagpapalaki sa anak ang dapat
c. Suyuin ang anak at ibigay lahat ng hilig
d. Paligayahin ang tahanan
53. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang aral na ibinibigay ng epikong Muslim na INDARAPATRA at
SULAYMAN?
a. Pagmamahal
b. Katapangan
c. Karapatan
d. Pagtanaw ng utang na loob
54. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang aral ng ibinigay ng ANG ALAMAT NI MARIA MAKILING na ikunuwento
ni Jose Rizal?
a. Pagyamanin at pangalagaan ang ating bayan at lahi pagkat hiyas at yaman natin ito
b. Pag-ibig ang makapagbabago sa mundong ito
c. Kabanalan ang magpatawad at tulungan ang isang nagkasala
d. Dahil sa pagmamalabis at pagsasamantala, maraming biyaya ang sa kanya’y nawawala
55. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang mensahe ng epiko ng Ilokano sa lahat ng bagay.
a. Pinatutunayan ng epiko ang yaman ng Ilokano sa lahat ng bagay
b. Kailangan paniniwalaan ang ukol sa bias ng mga anting- anting dahil sa mga pangyayaring
nagpapatunay rito
c. Dito nagpapatunay na walang kamatayan
d. Masasalat ang mga katutubong ugali at mga tradisyong dapat pagyamanin at panatilihin upang
pakinabangan ng
kabataan
56. Si Mariano Ponce ay propagandistang may sagisag sa panulat na:
a. Tamaraw
b. Tikbalang
c. Kapre
d. Kalapate
57. Alina ng di karaniwang anyo ng pandiwang WINIKA KO?
a. Ikako
b. Wikako
c. Kako
d. Wika ko
58. Alin ang kasintunog ng salitang may salungguhit? Pag-ibig ang kailangan ng daigdig.
a. Pagsuyo
b. Mundo
c. Tahanan
d. Paligid
59. Ano ang kahulugan ng salitang may salungguhit? May mga taong bukas ang palad sa mga
mahihirap.
a. Matulungin
b. Mayaman
c. Matapat
d. Maawain
60. Alin ang kahulugan ng AMPALAYANG-AMPALAYA?
a. Takot
b. Kuripot
c. Makulit
d. Lokohin
1. A- Sa panahon ng himagsikan, ang mga katipunero ay naglalabas ng peryodiko na “Katipunan” upang
ipaalam ang mga pangyayari sa
loob ng lihim na samahan.
2. C- Pangunahing layunin ng balagtasan na mahasa ang kasanayan ng mga mag-aaral sa pagsasalita,
pagsagot, pakikinig at higit sa lahat
sa pananaliksik.
3. D-Ang salawikain ay nagpapahiwatig na lahat ng bunga ay nanggaling lamang sa kanyang puno. Ang
ugali ng isang tao ay nakukuha
niya sa kanyang mga magulang.
4. D-Tiyak siyang sasama
5. D-dalubhasa sa siyensa
6. A- Ang batang pinalaki sa layaw ay hindi nakakaramdam ng hirap dahil ang mga magulang niya ang
lahat ng gumagawa para sa
kanya.
7. A-Ang “Death March” ang pinakamahirap na parusa na inabot ng mga kawal na Filipino sa panahon ng
Hapon.
8. B-Dudurugin, ito ay nangangahulugan ng pagsugpo sa pangkat ng humahamon sa Presidente.
9. C-Ang gawin ang paghihiwalay ng mga basura ang tanging babala na dapat sunduin sa pagpipilian
sapagkat ang iba pang pagpipilian
ay may negatibong bunga.
10. D-Si Rizal ang tanging nagsabi ng katagang binanggit tungkol sa pagmamahal sa sariling wika. Sa
kanyang tulang “La Juventud
Filipino”
11. C-Ang luntian ay kulay berde na suot ng mga girl scout.
12. C- Si Alejandro G. Abadilla ang nagsimula ng malayang taludturan sa tula.
13. C-Ang nagsilikas ay nangangahulugan din nang pag-alis.
14. B-Ang pabayang magulang dahil kung hindi niya pinabayaan sa lansangan ang kanyang anak ay
hindi ito maaaksidente.
15. B-Ang Ombudsman o Tagapaglitis ang humahawak sa kaso ng korapsyon sa pamahalaan.
16. D-Ginagawa sa Kawit, Cavite ang pagwawagayway ng bandila upang gunitain ang kalayaan. Dito
unang ginawa ang unang pagtaas ng
bandilang Pilipino.
17. B-“Magsidating” ay angkop sa nakaraan o natapos na aksyon gaya ng noon.
18. A-Ang takip-silim ay paghihiwalay ng hapon patungo sa paggabi kaya’t ito ay nasa pagitan ng 5:00-
6:00 p.m.
19. B-ang salitang “ikaw na muna” ay susing salita sa pagtugon ng walang tiwala.
20. D-Parehong manunulat sina Rizal at Del Pilar
21. D-Naniwala si Ninoy Aquino sa kasabihang “Filipino is worth dying for”.
22. A-Ang pagpapakita ng “Modelo” ay ang itinuturing na epektibong pamamaraan sa pagtuturo ng
Filipino bilang pangalawang wika.
23. C-Ang kauna-unahang salin ng Mu Ultimo Adios ay ginawa ni Andres Bonifacio.
24. D-Sa mga pagpipilian tanging si Jose Palma lamang ang may kaugnyan sa pagkakabuo ng
pambansang awit.
25. B-Ang Ati Cu Pung Singsing ay awiting bayan ng mga Kapangpangan.
26. B-Ang lahat ng nabanngit ay sanhi ng Kapitalismo
27. A-Positibo ang pananaw dahil sa kahit lugami ang bayan ay pilit parin itong ibabangon.
28. C-Ang Epiko ay tumatalakay sa pakikipagsapalaran at kabayanihan ng pangunahing tauhan.
29. A-Direkta ang paglalarawan na ginawa at hindi gumamit ng animo’y, katulad, gaya ng at iba pa.
30. A-Awit ng Kundiman at awit ng Pag-ibig.
31. C-Linggo lamang ang tanung at hindi buwan kaya’t pitong araw lamang ang pagdiriwang.
32. D-Si Manuel L.Quezon ang tinuturing na ama ng Wikang Pambansa ng Pilipinas.
33. D-Ang wika ng Pilipinas ay nasa angkan ng Malayo Polinesyo kung kaya’t ang ibang mga salita nito
ay katunog ng Malay.
34. B-Ang “Balitaw” ay isang salita sa bisaya na nangangahulugan ng panliligaw sa minamahal.
35. B-Mababasa sa Editoryal ang pananaw o kuro-kuro ng patnugot tungkol sa napapanahung isyu.
36. C-Pinamatnugutan ni M.H. del Pilar ang Pahayagang Diaryong Tagalog samantalang ang La
Solidaridad ay pinamatnugutan naman ni
Graciano Lopez Jaena.
37. C-Ayon sa batas ang Buwan ng Wika ay gaganapin tuwing Agosto bilang alaala sa kaarawan ni
Pangulong Quezon.
38. C-itinuturing na Ama ng Demokratikong Pilipino si Andres Bonifacio dahil siya ang nagtatag ng
Katipunan na ang pangunahing
layunin ay magkaroon ng demokrasya sa Pilipinas.
39. C-Ang paggamit ng salitang “kasing” ay isang patulad na pananalita na naghahambing sa dalawang
bagay.
40. B- Ang kasalukuyang alpabeto ay may dagdag na 8 titik kung kaya’t ito ay may kabuuang 28 titik.
41. A- Batay sa panunturan ng paggamit ng gitling (-) ito ay maaring gamitin bilang pantukoy sa
kinabibilangang pangkat gaya ng Maka-
Nora Aunor.
42. D-Ingles at Filipino ang nakasaad sa 1987 Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas.
43. C-Ang pagyanig ng gusali dahil sa yabag ay isang eksaherasyong di maaaring mangyari kung kaya’t
masasabing hyperbole ito.
44. C-Ang pangungusap ay nasa tuwirang layon.
45. B-Ang ipinahihiwatig ng matayog ang lipad ay kahulugan ng mataas na pangarap.
46. B-Ang bulanggugo ay kasing kahulugan ng galante.
47. C-Ang “Durog ang Katawan” ay uri ng tayutay na pagmamalabis dahil pinalabis nito ang tunay na
pangyayari.
48. B-Tunay na magkaibigan ang kahulugan ng karaniwang suklay dahil ang katapatan ng pagkakaibigan
ang sinusukat nito.
49. C-Naka ika-2 ang bahagi ng tono ng nagsasalaysay.
50. D-Nasa ika-3 ang bahagi ng tono ng nagdududa.
51. B-Kapag sinabi na “Agaw-Buhay” ito ay nangangahulugan ng malapit ng mamatay.
52. A-Ang taludtod ay nagbibigay kahulugan na dapat na mahalin ang anak ng wikang hangganan dahil
sa unang salita na alagaan ang
anak upang hind imaging pabigat sa bayan.
53. B-Ipinakita sa epikong Indarapata at Sulayman ang mga katapangan ng mga Muslim sa gitna ng
kagipitan.
54. A-Ang alamat ay isang yaman ng lahi ng isang bansa kagaya ng sinasabi ni Rizal na dapat itong
pagyamanin ng mga susunod pang
henerasyon.
55. D-Kagaya rin ng ibang pangkat etniko ang mga Ilokano ay mayaman sa mga katutubong kaugalian
na makikita sa epiko ni Lam-Ang.
56. B-Ang paggamit ng mga sagisag ay isang paraan ng mga manunulat na propagandista upang sila ay
hindi makilala kung kaya’t bilang
manunulat si Mariano Ponce ay gumamit ng sagisag ng Tikbalang.
57. B-Ang di karaniwang anyo ng pandiwa ng Winika ko ay Wikako na nangangahulugang “sinasabi ko”.
58. D-Ang salitang daigdig at paligid ay may tugmang gid-dig kung kaya’ts ito ay magka-sing-tunog.
59. A-Ang idyomatikong “bukas ang palad” ay kahulugan ng matulungin.
60. B-Kahulugan nito ay kuripot, dahil kagaya ng ampalaya na mapait, makunat at kulubot.
PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTIONS
BIAK NA BATO – pact, thought of 1st Republic.
Spainards paid P200 000
MALOLOS CONSTITUTION – Apolinario Mabini
rights of soldiers
no Visayas yet in right of territories
1935 CONSTITUTION – adapted from American Const.
1943 CONSITUTION - Jose P. Laurel
Japan invades but gave freedom for Phil. to rule.
1937 CONSTITUTION – Ferdinand Marcos
Martial Law – 60days max
Nat’l Territory forced Kalayaan grp. of Islands & Saba
1987 CONSTITUTION - 18 articles
past chairwoman: Cecilla Muñoz Palma (Feb 2, 1987)
Bill of Rights are for the criminals
JUS SANGUINI – blood JUS SOLI – place
ACTS
ASSOCIATION OF SE ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN)
Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Brunei, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Malaysia
BELL TRADE (PHILIPPINE TRADE ACT) – bet. Phil. & U.S.
KYOTO PROTOCOL (UNNCC)
fight global warming decreasing green house gases
RIO DE JANEIRO CONVENTION
environment and sustainable development
TEJEROS CONVENTION – election
Bonifacio elected as Director Imperior
TREATY ON GENERAL RELATIONS
recognition of U.S. to Philippine freedom
UNDERWORLD-SIMMONS ACT – full free foreign trade
PAYNE ALDRICH ACT – partial free foreign trade
Social studies discipline
1. Anthropology refers to the study of humans. As a social science disipilne, it examines all aspects of
human life and culture. It seeks to understand human origins and adaptation, and the diversity of cultures
and worldviews.
2. Economics studies the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services.
The term may also refer to the financial aspects of something, as in “the economics of managing a
business.
3. Geography is the science of place. It is the social science that studies the distribution and arrangement
of all elements of the earth’s surface.
4. History is a study of the past, principally how it relates to humans. It describes or narrates and analyzes
human activities in the past and the changes that these had undergone. In its broadest sense, history is
the totality of all past events. However, a more realistic limitation of its area of inquiry would be ‘the known
past.’ History deals with events which “have happened among mankind, including an account of the rise
and fall of nations, as well as of other great changes which have affected the political and social condition
of the human race.”
5. Linguistics is the scientific study of language and its structure. It involves the description of languages,
the investigation of their origin, the inquiry of how children acquire language, and how individuals learn
languages other than their own. Linguistics also deals with the relationships between or among
languages and with the manner languages change over time.
6. Political scienceis a social science discipline that studies systems of government, and the analysis of
political activity and behavior. It is the systematic study of politics.
7. Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It is “the scientific study of
behavior and the mind.” There are three elements in this definition. First, it emphasizes that psychology
“is a scientific enterprise that obtains knowledge through systematic and objective methods of observation
and experimentation.” Second, it studies ‘behavior,’ which denotes “any action or reaction that can be
measured or observed—such as the blink of an eye, an increase in heart rate, or the unruly violence that
often erupts in a mob.” Third, psychologists study the ‘mind,’ which stands for “both conscious and
unconscious mental states. These states cannot actually be seen, only inferred from observable
behavior.”
8. Sociology is the scientific study of human social relations or group life. It primarily deals with social
interaction or the responses of persons to each other. Social interaction is arguably the basic sociological
concept as it is the rudimentary component of all relationships and groups that compose human society.
Subjects of inquiry in sociology include the ways in which social structures and institutions (such as class,
family, community, and power) and social problems (such as crime and abuse) affect society.
9. Demography is the interdisciplinary study of the size, growth, and distribution of human populations. It
examines statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the
changing structure of human populations. Main areas of inquiry include human population dynamics and
human population change. It also involves the study of the structure of populations and how populations
change over time due to births, deaths, migration, and aging.
List of RA's
7836- Regulation for Prof. Teacher
9293- amendment's of 7836
4670- magna carta 4 public school teachers
7722- ched
7796- tesda
9155- deped
7277- magnacarta for disabled person
7610- child abuse
6659- public secondary
10931- free tuition act Tertiary
10627- bullying
9647- center for teacher ed.
6225- adopt school policy
6728- gaspe
8545- amendments of gaspe
8491- flag law
PD 603- child and youth welfare act
6655- free secondary ed
7880- fair and equitable access for edu
10912- cpd
7356- NCCA
7784- Center of excellence
10533- enhance basic ed. Or k12
10157- Kindergarten Law
BP 232- blueprint of education
PD 1006- pvet
2706- private school law
8049- anti hazing law
5447- special ed
7743- public libraries
8187- paternity law
PRC BR 435- code of ethics
7877- anti harassment law
6139- Secretariat education
7687-dost
8292- higher ed. Of modernization of 1987
6850- civil service eligibility
9163- nSTP
EO 66- cancellation of class due to calamities
9485- anti red tape
6970- daycare in every barangay
6713- code of ethics for public officials
SALIENT POINTS
1. He is the first Asian writer to receive the Nobel Prize. (Rabindranath Tagore)
2. He is considered as the greatest English writer and also known as the “Bard of Avon”. (William
Shakespeare)
3. This Shakespeare’s play is a story of a man whose downfall was caused by overwhelming ambition for
power. (Macbeth)
4. He is known as the father of horror stories. (Edgar Allan Poe)
5. He is known as the Father of Essays. (Francis Bacon)
6. This Omar Khayam’s work has the theme “Grasping pleasure while you can”. (Rubaiyat)
7. This short story by Edgar Allan Poe has the theme which is similar to the theme of “Poison Tree”. (The
Cask of Amontillado)
8. He is a Filipino writer whose stories and poems depict Filipino-Spanish cultural beliefs and traditions.
(Nick Joaquin)
9. He was the first Filipino National Artist for Literature awarded in 1973. (Jose Garcia Villa)
10. He is a Filipino migrant whose fiction stories reflect the Filipino’s concept of American culture.
(Bienvenido Santos)
11. He is called a “comma poet” because he used commas extensively in his works. (Jose Garcia Villa)
12. This is a collection of Indian beast fables originally written in Sanskrit. (Panchatantra)
13. This is the first great work of English literature. (Beowulf)
14. This is the greatest lyric poem in the literature of the world. (Psalms of King David)
15. This is a folk song that originated in Pampanga. (Atin Cu PungSingsing)
16. He is known as the greatest Indian writer of all time.” (Kalidasa)
17. He is called the “Morning Star” of English literature. (Geoffrey Chaucer)
18. He is the first man to replace myth with natural laws. (Thales of Melitus)
19. This is a collection of Indian sacred hymns. (Rig Veda)
20. This is a collection of Indian religious text. (Upanishad)
21. He is regarded as the greatest haiku poet. (Matsuo Basho)
22. He is recognized as the father of American literature. (Washington Irving)
23. He was the first mythical geographer who was recognized due to his vivid descriptions of lands and
people encountered by his
hero, Ulysses. (Homer)
24. He is a famous composer from Angono, Rizal, and was given a National Artist Award. (Luis San
Pedro)
25. This is regarded as the most influential book in the history of English civilization. (The King James
Bible)
26. This is a popular Philippine secular poetry in octosyllabic quatrains. (Korido)
27. It is a medieval German epic. (Nibelungenlied)
28. He is known as the master of “local color” because of his Pickwick Papers. (Charles Dickens)
29. It is a story of a man’s effort to save his King from a monster. (Beowulf)
30. It is Jonathan Swift’s satire on human folly and stupidity. (Gulliver’s Travel)
31. He is a Philippine National Artist awardee for Literature, and used free verse and espoused the
dictum, "Art for art's sake“. (Jose
Garcia Villa)
32. This is known as epic of Ifugao. (Hud-hud)
33. These poems are often erotic and espouse CARPE DIEM or “seize the day”. (Cavalier Poems)
34. This is known to be the very first successful short story in English written in 1925 by Paz Marquez
Benitez. (Dead Stars)
35. She wrote the most exquisite love poems of her time in “Sonnets from the Portuguese”. (Elizabeth
Barrett Browning)
36. This is a very long poem about a pilgrimage from London to Canterbury. (Canterbury Tales)
37. He is a Japanese poet who won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1968. (Yasunari Kawabata)
38. This Indian epic which is considered as the longest poem ever written is made up of almost 100,000
couplets divided into 18
parvans or sections. (Mahabharata)
39. This was the era of knights, chivalry, and castles in English literature. (Middle Ages)
❣COUNTRY NICKNAMES❣
🚩ASIA
🇵🇭Philippines – The Pearl of the Orient Seas
🇹🇭 Thailand – Land of Smiles
🇱🇰Sri Lanka – India’s Teardrop
🇰🇷South Korea – Land of the Morning Calm
🇰🇵North Korea – The Hermit Kingdom
🇲🇳Mongolia – Land of Blue Sky
🇯🇵Japan – Land of the Rising Sun
🇲🇨Indonesia – the Emerald of the Equator
🇨🇳China – The Red Dragon
🇧🇹Bhutan – Land of the Thunder Dragon
🇸🇬Singapore – The Lion City
🇮🇳Afghanistan – Graveyard of Empires
🇧🇲Hong Kong – Asia’s World City
🇲🇴Macau – Vegas of the East
🇸🇾Iraq – Cradle of Ancient Civilization
🇹🇼Myanmar – Land of the Golden Pagodas
"The majestic atmosphere of Batanes, Philippines"
-
🚩EUROPE
🇺🇦Ukraine – The Bread Basket of Europe
🇨🇭Switzerland – Land of Milk and Honey
🇷🇺Slovenia – The Sunny Side of the Alps
🇮🇹Italy – The Boot
🇮🇪Ireland – The Emerald Isle
🇦🇽Iceland – Land of Fire and Ice
🇫🇷France – L’hexagone
🇫🇮Finland – Land of Thousand Lakes
🏴󠁧󠁧󠁧󠁧󠁧󠁧England – Land of Hope and Glory
🇧🇾Belarus – The White Rus
🇦🇱Albania – Land of the Eagles
🇦🇹Austria – Land of Beauty and Music
"The beautiful mountains of Switzerland"
-
🚩AMERICAS
🇻🇪Venezuela – Land of Grace
🇺🇸 United States of America – The Land of the Free
🇵🇾Paraguay – The Island Surrounded by Land
🇬🇾Guyana – Land of Many Waters
🇨🇱Chile – Land of Poets
🇨🇦Canada – The Great White North
🇧🇷Brazil – Land of the Palms (Pindorama)
🇵🇪Peru – Land of the Incas
"A beautiful overlooking view of Rio"
-
🚩 MIDDLE EAST
🇱🇧Lebanon – Switzerland of the Middle East
🇮🇱Israel – The Holy Land
"A bunch of beautiful historic sites in Lebanon"
-
🚩OCEANA
🇳🇿New Zealand – Land of the Long White Cloud
🇦🇺Australia – Land Down Under
"The sprightly Kangaroos in Australia"
-
🚩AFRICA
🇿🇦South Africa – Rainbow National
🇺🇦Rwanda – Land of a Thousand Hills
🇲🇬Madagascar – The Red Island
🇱🇸Lesotho – The Kingdom In the Sky
🇪🇬Egypt – The Gift of the Nile
🇧🇫Burkina Faso – Land of the Upright Men
"Skyscanner is the world’s leading travel search engine, designed to help you save a ton money of flights
and hotels around the world!"

SOCIAL SCIENCE major- Philippine Politics and Governance📖

👉Politics- in general, it means organizing human activities.
 Politics is all around.
 Politics happens because of the need to make
decisions in the complex world we live in.
 According to Aristotle, “Man by nature is a political
animal”. If it is true, then politics is not only
common in our lives – it is unavoidable.
👉Elements of Politics:
 Power
 Rule
 Authority
 Influence
💟Demo – people / Kratos – power
👉Governance- it refers to the way in which something is
governed to meet objectives such as protecting its people,
and acting in the country’s best interest.
👉State is a group of people living in a definite territory,
having a government of their own and enjoying their own
independence.
👉Elements of State
1.People – a mass of population or community of people living within the territorial jurisdiction of state.
2. Territory- The space within which the government exercise its supreme authority.
3. Government- agency through which the will of the state are formulated, expressed carried out.
4. Sovereignty– the supreme power of the state to enforce its will upon its citizen through laws. It also
means independence from the control of other states.
👉It has two aspects:
a. internal sovereignty- w/c means complete authority to rule over the people inside the state
b. external sovereignty (often referred as independence) – which means independence from outside or
foreign control.
👉Nation - any large group of people who are united by common bonds of race, language, custom,
tradition, or religion.
State vs Nation
💟State is a political concept while nation is an ethnic concept.💟
👉Modes of Acquiring a Territory
1. Discovery and Occupation- a state may acquire a territory by discovering a continent, an island or land
with no inhabitants or occupied by uncivilized
inhabitants and thereafter, occupying it, by placing it under its political administration.
2. Prescription- it is a mode of acquiring territory
through continuous and undisputed exercise of sovereignty over it during such period as it is necessary to
create under the general conviction that the present condition of things is in conformity with international
order.
3. Cession – it is the assignment, transfer or yielding
up of territory by one state or government to
another. It may be in a form of sale or donation.4. Subjugation and annexation- it is a mode of acquiring
territory belonging to a state in the
course of war and by annexation at the end of the war.
5. Accretion- mode of acquiring territory by addition of portions of soil, either artificial or by gradual
disposition through the operation of natural causes.
💟CLASSIFICATION OF GOVERNMENT ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE💟
1. Monarchy (ruled by one person)
- where one person exercises sovereignty. It
is the form of government in which the
supreme and final authority is in the hands
of a single person.
2. Aristocracy- ( ruled by a few persons)
- where political power is exercised by a
privilege class known as the elite or
oligarchs.
3. Democracy ( ruled by many)
- is one in which supreme power is vested to the people . It is classified into two:
a. direct democracy ( pure democracy)- is where people directly govern themselves
b. indirect democracy (representative democracy)
– is where people elect representatives to act in their behalf.
👉Political Science- is a branch of social science that studies
politics and state.
👉Subfields of Political Science
1. National Politics - deals with the study of the structure of the government, its branches, the
political system of the state, public opinon and elections.
2. Comparative Politics – studies the politics and government of other countries
3. International Relations – political cooperation among states, diplomatic relationships, international
organizations and laws.
4. Political Theory – defines what is good and what is bad government.
Example: Machiavelli
5. Constitutional Law – studies the balance between the powers of the government and the rights of the
people.
6. Public Policy – focuses on the programs of the state to benefit the economy and the state as a whole.
👉Political Science is a social science.
👉Social science is the study of society and the manner in which people behave and influence the world
around us.
💟The following are the Major branches of Social Science:
👉Psychology studies emotional and cognitive impacts of environments and relationships, and the
reactions of human systems to emotional and cognitive changes.
👉Sociology – how we become members of groups, move between groups, and how being in different
groups affects individuals and the groups in which they participate.
👉Political Science – how we identify ourselves as citizens of a particular nation, how we participate in
our political structure, how it affects us, what motivates us to affiliate ourselves with certain points of view
or parties.
👉Anthropology deals with of what it means to be human, through the understanding of modern cultures
across the globe, the cultures of the past, languages, the human body,
and our evolutionary history.
👉History – the interpretation of the past, how it affects our views of the present, understanding trends or
the lack
thereof in the past.
👉Economics – refers to the scientific study of human action, particularly as it relates to human choice
and the utilization
of scarce resources.
👉Political Phenomenon- any occurrence, events, or facts relating to politics.
👉Ideology - refers to a system of beliefs about how society should function, behave, and operate
👉Political Ideology is a set of related beliefs about political theory and policy held by an individual, group
of individuals or a particular social class.
💟Major Political Ideologies
1. Anarchism - The belief that the best government is absolutely no government. This ideology argues
that everything about governments is repressive and therefore must be abolished entirely.
2. Absolutism - The belief that a single ruler should have control over every aspect of the government and
of the people’s lives.
3. Liberalism - A set of political beliefs emphasizing individual rights and liberties
4. Conservatism - A set of political beliefs based on preservation of customs and traditions that define the
character of a society 5. Socialism - A set of political beliefs emphasizing community and social equality
👉Political Power is:
 The ability to shape and control the political
behavior of others and to lead and guide their
behavior in the direction desired by the person, group, or institution exercising the political power.
 The capacity to influence, condition, mold, and control human behavior for the accomplishment of
political objectives.
💟Major Forms of Political Power
1. Political Authority - is governmental power. It is the legally established power of the government to
make rules and issue commands and to compel obedience to them,
making use of physical force and coercion when deemed necessary. Political authority in short, is the
legal right--the legally established power--to govern society.
2. Political Influence - is the ability of private individuals and groups to impact on the government's making
and implementation of official policy decisions. It is a form of
political power exercised by those who do not possess the formal-legal authority, but have and utilize the
ability to condition, modify, and control the official decision-making
behavior of those in government office who do possess the authority to make and implement the
decisions.
💟CONSTITUTION
 heart of the nation
 foundation of the government
 blueprint of the government
 fundamental law of the land
 highest law of the land
 basic law of the land
💟Constitution is a written instrument enacted by direct action of the people by which the fundamental
powers of the government are established, limited and defined, and by which those powers are
distributed among the several departments for their safe and useful exercise for the benefit of the body
politic.
💟The Republic of the Philippines is using the 1987 Philippine
Constitution also known as the Freedom Constitution.💟
👉Preamble – introduction to the constitution

“We, the sovereign Filipino, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society
and establish a government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good,
conserve and
develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence and
democracy, under the rule of law, and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do
ordain and
promulgate this Constitution.”

💟Articles of the 1987 Philippine Constitution

👉Article I National Territory
👉Article II Declaration of Principles and State Policies
👉Article III Bill of Rights
👉Article IV Citizenship
👉Article V Suffrage
👉Article VI Legislative Department
👉Article VII Executive Department
👉Article VIII Judicial Department
👉Article IX Constitutional Commissions
👉Article X Local Government
👉Article XI Accountability of Public Officers
👉Article XII National Economy and Patrimony
👉Article XIII Social Justice and Human Rights
👉Article XIV Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports
👉Article XV The Family
👉Article XVI General Provisions
👉Article XVII Amendments or Revisions
👉Article XVIII Transitory Provisions
💟Article I: National Territory
Section 1. The national territory comprises the Philippine archipelago, with all the islands and waters
embraced therein, and all other territories over which the Philippines
has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting of its terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains, including its
territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insular shelves, and other
submarine areas. The waters around, between and connecting the islands of the archipelago, regardless
of their breath and dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the Philippines.
💟Article II: Declarations of Principles and State Policies
Basic Principles of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
1. The Philippines is a democratic and republican
state. Sovereignty and government authority
belong to the people. ART II SEC 1
2. The Philippines renounces war as an element of
national policy ART II SEC 2
3. Civilian authority is all times supreme over the
military. ART II SEC 3
4. The prime duty of the government is to serve and
protect the people. ART II SEC 4
5. The separation of church and state shall be at all
times be upheld. ART II SEC 6
6. The government shall provide social justice. ART II
SEC 10
💟Article III: Bill of Rights
Basic rights that are recognized and protected by the
Constitution:
1. Right to due process of law (Art III Sec 1)
2. Right against unreasonable search and seizure (Art
III Sec 2)
3. Right to privacy of communication and
correspondence (Art III Sec 3)
4. Right to travel and Liberty of abode (Art III Sec 6)
5. Right to Assembly and Petition/ Right to form association (Art III Sec 😎
💟Article IV: Citizenship
It encapsulates the provisions that will answer the question:
Who are the citizens of the Philippines?
💟Article V: Suffrage
Right to vote/Election
💟Article VI: Legislative Department
Philippine Congress is bicameral legislature which consists of :
Upper house: Senate
Lower house: House of Representatives
💟Article VII: Executive Department
President of the Philippines (qualifications, manner of
voting, term of office, powers and limitations)
💟Article VIII: Judicial Department
1. The Supreme Court
2. Intermediate Appellate Court (Court of Appeals)
3. Regional Trial Court (RTC)
4. Municipal Trial Court (MTC), Municipal Circuit Trial
Court
In addition to these regular courts, there are two special
courts, namely:
1. Court of Tax Appeals
2. Sandiganbayan
The Constitution also provides for two special legal bodies,
namely:
1. Judicial and Bar Council
2. Ombudsman (Tanodbayan)
💟Article IX: Constitutional Commissions
1. Commission on Elections
2. Commission on Audit
3. Civil Service Commission
💟Article X: Local Government
Political Subdivisions of the Republic of the Philippines:
1. Provinces
2. Cities
3. Municipalities
4. Barangays
*** Autonomous Regions: ARMM and CAR
💟Article XI: Accountability of Public Officers
 Impeachment
 Sandiganbayan – anti-graft court
 Ombudsman/Tanodbayan – investigates on its own
any act or omission of any public official, employee,
office or agency.
💟Article XII: National Economy and Patrimony
 Distribution of income, wealth and opportunities
 Economy of the nation
 Sustainable development
 Industrialization and full employment
 Agricultural Development
 Agrarian Reform
 Natural Resources
💟Article XIII: Social Justice and Human Rights
 Human dignity
 Reduce social, economic, and political inequalities
 Remove cultural inequities
 Social Justice – commitment to create economic
opportunities based on freedom of initiative and
self-reliance
💟Article XIV: Education, Science and Technology, Arts,
Culture and Sports
 Quality education
 System of education
 The study of constitution shall be part of the
curricula of all educational institutions
 Language: Filipino is the official language
 Research and Development
 Invention
 Innovation
 Preservation of arts and culture
 Physical education
 Sports Program
 League competitions
 Amateur sports
 Regular sports activities in all educational
institutions.
💟Article XV: The Family
 Family is the foundation of the nation
 Marriage
 Family Rights and Duties
💟Article XVI: General Provision
 Flag
 Name of the country
 National anthem
 National seal
 Armed Forces of the Philippines
 The State may not be sued without its consent
 Ownership of mass media is limited to citizens of
the Philippines
💟Article XVII: Amendments or Revisions
-Changing the constitution.
💟Article XVIII: Transitory Provisions:
- Provision about the first election of Philippine congress/
first local election
-Provisions about the revolutionary powers, legislative power of President (Cory Aquino)
-ctto
Source - https://bit.ly/2XcOtzM
https://bit.ly/2XcOtzM

DID YOU KNOW? 💡

Aklan - Oldest province in the Philippines

Cebu City- Oldest City in the Philippines
Davao City - Largest City in the Philippines
Iloilo - Province with most number of barangays
Negros Occidental - Province with most number of cities
Palawan - Largest Province in the Philippines
Sablayan, Occ. Mindoro - Largest Municipality in the Philippines
Miagao, Iloilo - Municipality with most number of barangays, Onion Capital of Visayas
Nueva Ecija - Rice Granary of the Philippines
Pampanga - Culinary Capital of the Philippines
Marinduque - Heart of the Philippines
Iloilo City - The First queen City of the South, City where the Past is always present
Dumaguete - City of Gentle People
Cagayan de Oro - City of Golden Friendship
Quezon City - City of Stars and New Horizons
Manila - Ever Distinguished Loyal City
Roxas City - Seafood Capital of the Philippines
Antique - Province where the mountain meets the sea
Bacoor - Band Capital of the Philippines
Gen. San City- Tuna Capital
Isulan - Oil Palm Capital of the Philippines
Pangasinan - Saltmaking Capital
Negros Occidental - Sugar Bowl
Romblon - Marble Capital
Rizal - Cradle of Philippine Arts
Cavite - Cradle of Phil. Revolution
La Union - Surfing Capital of the North
Biliran - Shipyard of Antiquity
Camiguin - Island Born of Fire
Siquijor - Island of Fire
Makati - Manhattan of the Philippines
Marikina - Shoe Capital of the Philippines
Cebu - Gateway to a Thousand Journeys
Masbate - Great Wild West of Phil.
Tarlac - Melting Pot of Central Luzon
Bataan - History Hub of Central Luzon
Bulacan - Manila's Gateway to the North
Palawan - Philippines' Last Frontier
Guimaras - Mango County of Visayas
Manduluyong - Shopping Capital
Muntinlupa - The Emerald City
Valenzuela - The Only Divided City
Lanao del Sur - Cradle of Muslim Art
South Cotabato - Conference Capital of Mindanao
Dinagat Island - Mystical Province of Love
Surigao del Norte - Surfing Capital
Eastern Samar - Gateway to Phil. Discovery
Cam Sur - Wakeboarding Capital
Lanao del Norte - Land of Beauty and Bounty
Pateros - Balut Capital
San Juan - Tiangge Capital
Navotas - Fishing Capital of Greater Manila
Laguna - The Silicon Valley
Batangas - Diving and Shipping Capital
Batanes - Land of True Insulars
Quirino - Forest Heartland of Cagayan Valley
Zambales - Chromite Capital
Aurora - Land of Golden Sunrise
Zamboanga del Norte - Province of South's Twin City
Bukidnon - Pineapple Capital
Catanduanes - Land of the Howling Wind
Maguindanao - Seat of Muslim Mindanao
Sitangkai, Tawi Tawi - Venice of the South
Cotabato - Land of Mightiest Mountain
Neg. Oriental - Whale and Dolphin Haven
Paranaque - Fashion Capital
Pasay - Travel Capital
Lucena, Quezon - Biofuel & Biopalm City
Samar - Spelunking Capital
Davao del Norte - Durian and Banana Capital
Baguio City - Summer Capital/ City of Pines
San Fernando, Pampanga - Lantern Capital
Misamis Occ - Christmas Capital of Mindanao
Benguet - Salad Bowl of the Philippines
Kalinga - White Rafting Capital of the North
Isabela - Rice Granary of the North
Nueva Vizcaya - Watershed Haven of Cagayan Valley
Ilocos Sur - Heritage Haven of the Far North
Oriental Mindoro - Harbor Gateway to the South
Agusan del Norte - Land of Antiquated Finds
Tacloban City - City of Hope
Tagbilaran - City of Peace and Friendship
Tuguegarao - Premier Ybanag City
Butuan - Timber City of the South
Gingoog - City of Good Luck
Davao - Fruit Basket and King City of the South
Dapitan - Shrine and Historic City of the South
Pagadian - Little Hong Kong of the South
Zamboanga City - Asias Latin City, Sardines Capital, City of Flowers
Mati - Coconut City of the South
Catbalogan - City of Captivating Contrast
Tagum - Music Capital of the South
Sulu - Land of Exotic Fruits
Bacolod - City of Smiles
Passi - Sweet City at the Heart of Panay
Antipolo - City in the Sky
Calbayog - City of Waterfalls
Las Pinas - Salt Center of Metro Manila
Taguig - The ProvinSyudad
Valenzuela - Vibrant City of Discipline
Maasin City, S. Leyte - The Religious City
Lingayen - The Most Romantic Place
Alimodian, Iloilo - Banana Capital of Panay
Dagupan - Bangus Capital
La Trinidad, Benguet - Strawberry Capital
Cauayan, Isabela - Mushroom City of the North
Donsol, Sorsogon - World's Whale Shark Capital
Legazpi - City of Fun and Adventure, ATV capital
Naga - Bicols Queen City
Mandaue, Cebu - Furniture Capital
Borongan - King City of the East
Dipolog - The Phil. Orchid City
Gutalac, Zamb. Norte - Pebble Capital
El Salvador, Mis Or - City of Divine Mercy
Iligan - industrial City of the South
Pototan, Iloilo - Christmas Capital of Visayas
Lantapan, Bukidnon - Vegetable Basket of Mindanao
Malaybalay, Bukidnon - Summer Capital of the South
Oroquieta - City of Good Life
Digos - Clay Capital of Mindanao
Malita - Banana Capital of Davao
Samal - Phil. Island Garden City
Kidapawan - City at the foot of Mt Apo
Koronadal - Ilonggo City of the South
El Nido - Heaven on Earth
Puerto Galera - Poors man Boracay
Puerto Princesa - EcoTourism Capital

SOCIAL SCIENCES
Philippine Government with New Constitution

Practice Test
1. All of the following constitute the meaning of political science except:
A. A basic knowledge and understanding of the state.
B. It is primarily concerned with the association of human beings into a political community.
C. Common knowledge every events taking place in the society.
D. It deals with the relationship among men and groups which are subject to the control by the state.

2. It refers to the community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying

definite portion of territory, having a government of their own to which the great body of inhabitants render
obedience, and enjoying freedom from external control.
A. Sovereignty
B. Nation
C. Citizenship
D. State

3. It refers to the agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed and
carried out.
A. Government
B. Sovereignty
C. Constitution
D. Laws

4. What are the four elements of state?

A. people, territory, sovereignty, government
B. people, constitution, territory, government
C. government, law, peace, territory
D. constitution, people, land, independence

5. What theory asserts that the early states must have been formed by deliberate and voluntary compact
among the people to form a society and organize government for their common good.
A. Necessity Theory
B. Devine Right Theory
C. Social Contract Theory
D. Social Compact Theory

6. Government exists and should continue to exist for the benefit of the people.
A. The statement is a general truth.
B. The statement is just an assumption.
C. The statement is a fallacy.
D. There is no basis for judgment.

7. What are the forms of government in which the political power is exercised by a few privilege class.
A. Oligarchy and Aristocracy
B. Aristocracy and Monarchy
C. Theocracy and Fascism
D. Democracy and Tyranny

8. The pre-colonial Philippines has no established government. Its villages and settlements were called
barangays.
A. Only the first statement is true and correct.
B. Only the second statement is true and correct.
C. Both statements are true and correct.
D. Both statements are untrue and incorrect.

9. There were four social classes of people in the pre-colonial barangays. They were the nobles, freemen,
serfs, and the slaves.
A. Only the first statement is true and correct.
B. Only the second statement is true and correct.
C. Both statements are true and correct.
D. Both statements are untrue and incorrect.

10. What are the two known written codes during the pre-Spanish era in the Philippines?
A. Maragtas and Kalantiaw Codes
B. Sumakwil and Sulayman Codes
C. Panay and Subanon Codes
D. Hammurabi and Ur Nammu Codes

11. Under the Spanish colonial government, who directly governed the Philippines?
A. The Governor-General
B. The Viceroy of Mexico
C. The Royal Audiencia
D. The King of Spain

12. What is the first city to be established in 1565 in the Philippines?

A. Manila
B. Davao
C. Cebu
D. Iloilo
13.The government which Spain established in the Philippines was defective. It was a government for the
Spaniards and not for the Filipinos.
A. Only the first statement is true and correct.
B. Only the second statement is true and correct.
C. Both statements are true and correct.
D. Both statements are untrue and incorrect

14. What was the secret society founded in 1896 that precipitated the glorious revolution against the
Spaniards.
A. The Katipunan
B. The Kalahi
C. The Biak na Bato Republic
D. The Ilustrado

15. Arranged the sequence of governments during the revolutionary era:

1. The Dictatorial Government
2. The Revolutionary Government
3. The Biak-na-Bato Republic
4. The First Philippine Republic
A. 2 3 1 4
B. 3 1 2 4
C. 3 4 1 2
D. 1 2 3 4

16. Arranged according to its establishment during the American Regime:

1. The Commonwealth Government
2. The Military Government
3. The Civil Government
A. 1 2 3
B. 2 3 1
C. 3 2 1
D. 2 1 3

17. What was the civil government established during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines?
A. The Japanese Imperial Government
B. The Philippine Republic
C. The Puppet Government of Japan
D. The Philippine Executive Commission

18. The Constitution used by the Philippine government from the commonwealth period until 1973.
A. The Malolos Constitution
B. The Biak-na-Bato Constitution
C. The 1935 Constitution
D. The 1901 Constitution

19. What kind of government was installed under the 1973 Constitution under the Marcos regime?
A. Modified Presidential system
B. Modified Parliamentary system
C. Military system
D. Bicameral system

20. A de facto government acquires a de jure status when it gains wide acceptance from the people and
recognition from the community of nations.
A. The statement is true and valid.
B. The statement is an assumption.
C. The statement is a fallacy.
D. The statement is doubtful.

21. It is defined as written instrument by which the fundamental powers of the government are
established, limited and defined and by which these powers are distributed among the several
departments or branches for their and useful exercise for the benefit of the people.
A. Laws
B. Statutes
C. Constitution
D. Ordinances

22. There is no Constitution that is entirely written or unwritten.

A. The statement is true and correct.
B. The statement is incorrect.
C. The statement is partially correct.
D. There is no basis to conclude.

23. Requisites of a good written constitution.

A. Brief
B. Broad
C. Definite
D. All of the given options

24. Who has the authority to interpret the constitution?

A. Private individual
B. Courts
C. Legislative and Executive departments of the government
D. All of the given options

25. “We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God , in order to build a just and
humane society and establish a government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote our
common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the
blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and the regime of truth, justice, freedom,
equality and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.”
What part of Constitution is this?
A. General Provision
B. Amendments
C. Preamble
D. National Patrimony

Socsci majorship Q&A 😘

1. The social studies is a learning component of Makabayan in basic education that uses ____ approach
to instruction.
❤ Interdisciplinary ❤
2. The valuable process of planning the content appropriate for the fulfillment of educational objectives is
called..
❤ Fact storming ❤
3. The discipline that provides an understanding of the physical and natural environment of the earth
surface including the various landscape s, climates, and natural system that bring about changes in the
human condition.
❤ Geography ❤
4. A model of democracy which views democracy as a mechanism for citizen participation in political life
and the structure which insulates him/her from government abuse.
❤ People democracy ❤
5. A model of civil-military relations w/c clearly delineates the authority between political and military
agencies of government and seeks the military out of politics.
❤ Liberal model of civil-military relations❤

SOCIAL STUDIES❕❕❕

EAST ASIA
1. China (Beijing)- World's biggest nation
2. Taiwan (Taipei) - Island Bastion of Nationalist China
3. Korea (North: Pyongyang; South: Seoul) - Land of the Morning Calm
4. Japan (Tokyo) - Industrial Giant of Asia
SOUTH, NORTH AND CENTRAL ASIA
1. India (New Delhi) - World's Largest Democracy
2. Pakistan (Islamabad) - Halfway to Middle East

3. Bangladesh - Bengali Nation

4. Sri Lanka - Isle of Sorrow
5. Afghanistan - Crossroads of Conquerors
6. Mongolia - Land of Genghis Khan
MIDDLE EAST OR WESTERN ASIA
1. Iraq - Where Civilization First Began
2. Iran - Land of Daniel and the Persians
3. Israel - Birthplace of Christ and Homeland of Jews
4. Saudi Arabia - Cradle of Islam
5. Syria - Land of Saladin
6. Turkey - Republic on Two Continents
7. Lebanon - Divided by a Civil War
8. Jordan - Desert Arab Kingdom
9. Kuwait - World's Richest People
10. Oman - Land of Frankincence and Myrrh
11. Qatar - World's Largest Gas Reserves
12. Bahrain - Gulf Archipelago
13. Yemen - Land of Sheba
SOUTHEAST ASIA
1. Indonesia - World's Largest Archipelago
2. Malaysia - a Malayan Federation
3. Singapore - An Island of City Republic
4. Thailand - Land of Free
5. Burma - Land of Golden Pagodas
6. Vietnam - Victor over the West
7. Cambodia - A New Dawn
8. Laos - Kingdom of Million Elephants
9. Brunei - the Youngest Nation
10. Philippines - A Unique Nation with Four Cultural Heritages

SOCIAL SCIENCE❤

1 Areas in both the tundra and subarctic zones have frozen layers of soil called...
a. steppes
b. permafrost 👈
c. ice caps
d. grasslands
2 Which Gladiator carries a dagger and shield and also wears a leather belt and leg band?
a. Andabatus
b. Thracian
c. Myrmillo 👈
d. Secutor
3 The world's first nation state was created in
a. Egypt 👈
b. India
c. England
d. New York
4 The framers designed a system of checks and balances to
a. share power between the states.
b. make it difficult to amend the Constitution.
c. make the Constitution the supreme law of the land.
d. keep any one branch of government from becoming too powerful. 👈
5 What is the longest river in the United States?
a. Missouri River 👈
b. Nile Rile
c. Mississippi River
d. Colorado River
6The duties of American citizens include obeying laws, paying taxes, defending the nation, serving in
court, and
a. attending church
b. attending school 👈
c. volunteering
d. voting
7 In the Preamble, what phrase means "maintaining peace and order" in our country?
a. Establish Justice
b. Secure the Blessings
c. Insure domestic tranquility 👈
d. We the people
8 What is the largest desert in the world?
a. Sahara 👈
b. Arabian
c. Kalahari
d. Gobi
9 In what year did America officially declare war against Spain?
a. 1893
b. 1895
c. 1898 👈
d. 1901
10 Which of the following supports the claim that benefits of the Columbian Exchange did not outweigh
the drawbacks?
a. Without Columbus's discovery there'd be no United States
b. Native Americans were introduced to horses
c. Native Americans were exposed to many European diseases like small pox 👈
d. Food became cheaper for many Europeans
11The French term for middle class is .
a. politique
b. bourgeoisie 👈
c. estate
d. bureaucracy
12Why was James Madison known as the "Father of the Constitution"?
a. He took so many notes
b. His influence was so great during the convention 👈
c. He was the smartest delegate
d. He did so much research
13The heart of the Persian Empire under Cyrus the Great was located in the present-day country of .
a. Saudi Arabia
b. Turkey
c. Greece
d. Iran 👈
e. Pakistan
14 Which religion believes that through meditation humans can develop peace and solve their problems?
a. Christianity
b. Islam
c. Buddhism 👈
d. Judaism
15 Which battle/attack signified the beginning of the American Civil War?
a. Battle of Lexington and Concord
b. Attack on Fort Henry
c. Attack at Fort Sumter 👈
d. Attack at Fort Summer
16 Which religion has the 4 Noble Truths?
a. Hinduism
b. Islam
c. Christianity
d. Buddhism 👈
17 The Native Americans called these crops the 'Three Sisters'
a. Watermelons, strawberries and peanuts
b. Tomatoes, avocados and potatoes
c. Peas, collards and pumpkins
d. Corn, squash and beans 👈
18 Who was the leader of the Nazi's during World War II?
a. Tony Blair
b. Stalin
c. Adolf Hitler 👈
d. King George
19 ____ is directing water from the source to an area where there is
no water.
a. Flooding
b. Trapping
c. Irrigating 👈
20 Supporters of the new Constitution were known as
a. Republicans
b. Patriots
c. Anti-federalists
d. Federalists 👈
21 How was Harold Godwinson rumoured to have been killed at the Battle of Hastings?
a. Head chopped off
b. Arrow in the eye 👈
c. Sword in the heart
d. Fell off his horse
22 What River did Mexico say was the southern boundary of Texas?
a. Rio Grande River
b. Brazos River
c. Red River
d. Nueces River 👈
23 Volunteerism involves giving ____to others without receiving payment.
a. money
b. orders
c. responsibilities
d. time and services 👈
24 The branch of government that carries out laws is
a. Executive 👈
b. Electoral College
c. Judicial
d. Legislative
25 What is the term for the dominance and power asserted by one nation over less powerful nations?
a. Socialism
b. Imperialism 👈
c. Domesticism
d. Racism
26 What is the name of the political party most often associated with Nelson Mandela?
a. National Party
b. African National Congress 👈
c. South African Worker's Party
d. Socialist Party of South Africa
27 The Sahara Desert is:
a. in Northern Africa. 👈
b. in Southern Africa.
c. in Eastern Africa
d. in Western Africa
28 Which date is the oldest?
a. 1301 AD
b. 12000 BCE 👈
c. 1044 CE
d. 120 BC
29 An important challenge facing the Constitutional Convention was how to balance the
a. needs of eastern and western states
b. interests of large and small states 👈
c. demands of farmers
d. rights of women
30 What Chaldean king formed an alliance with the Scythians and Medes to form the Second Babylonian
Empire?
a. Nabopolassar 👈
b. Ashurbanipal
c. Shalmaneser
d. Nebuchadnezzar
31 A ___________ is an area that has at least one characteristic in common.
a. lake
b. dessert
c. a friend
d. region 👈
32 Which of the following is NOT one of the requirements for immigrants who want to become a US
citizen?
a. You must be 18 years or older
b. You must be a resident of the US for at least 10 years 👈
c. You must be able to read, write and speak English
d. You must be a lawful person
33Which of the following, is an example of Absolute Location?
a. 40*N, 90* E 👈
b. 167 Fairway Drive, Helena, MT 59601
c. The distance from The Denver Center for the Performing Arts, to the Pepsi Center
d. The Statue of Liberty is in New York Harbor,across from the Island of Manhattan.
34 Robert E Lee surrenders his Confederate Army to General Grant on
a. April 9, 1865 👈
b. April 19, 1861
c. April 28, 1965
d. April 5, 2010
35 Which is NOT a form of democracy?
a. Direct Democracy
b. Republic
c. Constitutional Monarchy
d. Autocracy 👈
36 In the humid continental and humid subtropical zones, precipitation is...
a. heaviest in summer
b. heaviest in winter
c. even throughout the year 👈
d. almost nonexistent
37 How did reading the pamphlet Common Sense affect many colonists?
a. It persuaded them to declare independence. 👈👈
b. It reminded them they should be loyal to King George.
c. It encouraged the colonists to seek peace.
d. It convinced many colonists that could not win the war.
38 The Sumerians built temples to their gods called
a. pyramids
b. churches
c. ziggurats 👈
d. tombs
39 A citadel is a ____ found in a city.
a. mansion
b. fort
c. tent
d. fortress 👈
40 Who believed that reason should guide the pursuit of knowledge?
a. Socrates
b. Plato
c. Aristotle 👈
d. King Phillip

41 Who thought everything was made up of atoms?

a. Socrates
b. Thales
c. Plato
d. Democritus 👈
42 Which of the following did NOT contribute to the high death tolls in the Civil War?
a. ancient battle tactics/ new technology
b. tight quarters, low quality supplies
c. new medicine practices 👈
d. casulaties on both sides were from the same country
43 The branch of government that interprets laws is the
a. legislative
b. judicial 👈
c. executive
d. constitutional convention
44 Why has Egypt been called the "gift of the Nile"?
a. The Nile gave them gold and silver
b. The Nile River gave them everything they needed to survive. 👈
c. the Egyptians took gifts to the Nile

45 This source is information gathered by someone who did not take part in or witness an event.
a. Primary Source
b. Secondary Source 👈
c. Both
d. Neither
46 Which city was the capital of the Assyrian Empire?
a. Ur
b. Agad
c. Babylon
d. Nineveh 👈
47 Today Egypt, Tunisia,and Algeria are
a. governed by dictators
b. constitutional monarchies
c. oligarchies
d. democratic republics 👈
48 What is a group of people called when they believe in one God?
a. Monothesim 👈
b. Theocracy
c. Polythesim
d. Muslium
49 The Constitutional Convention took place in Philadelphia.
a. True 👈
b. False
50 The Taklamakan Desert and the_____Desert are the two main deserts in China
a. Gobi 👈
b. Huang He
c. Sahara
d. Nile
51 What discovery gave historians the key they needed to read Egyptian hieroglyphics?
a. Obelisk
b. Papyrus
c. Rosetta Stone 👈
d. Sphinx
52 This is the Islamic place of worship (temple).
a. Church
b. Cathedral
c. Mosque 👈
d. Holy Site
53 Congress can override a veto with what majority of both houses?
a. Simple majority
b. Three-fourths majority
c. Two-thirds majority 👈
d. 100 per cent of Congress
54 The government establishes planning groups that makes the decisions.
a. Command 👈
b. Mixed
c. Market
d. Traditional
55 Sub-Saharan Africa refers to the part of Africa that lies
a. In the middle of the Sahara.
b. North of the Sahara.
c. Around the Sahara.
d. South of the Sahara. 👈
56 William Wilberforce was best know for his effort to abolish slavery in the British Empire.
a. True 👈
b. False
57 Which group of people utilize the U.S. Capitol building for making the laws of the United States?
a. The president's cabinet
b. Congress 👈
c. The Supreme Court
58 The language of the Romans,_____was the basis of many modern European languages.
a. Roman
b. Spanish
c. Latin 👈
d. Italian
59 What was the hiding place of the Frank family?
a. An abandoned train station
b. The attic of Anne's school
c. At a family friend's apartment
d. An annex in Mr. Frank's office building 👈
60 Which Greek epic depicts the Trojan War?
a. the Iliad 👈
b. the Odyssey
c. the Aeneid
d. Oedipus Tyrranus
61 Which religion did Lao-tzu found?
a. Shintoism
b. Buddhism
c. Shamanism
d. Taoism 👈
62 The Great Compromise dealt mainly with what?
a. representation in congress 👈
b. election of the president
c. selection of justices
d. checks and balances

63What is a group of people who believe in more than one God?

a. Monotheism
b. Polytheism 👈
c. Theocracy
d. Mecca
64 During the last step in the naturalization process, applicants
a. take an oath of loyalty 👈
b. complete an application
c. take a citizenship test
d. meet with the president
65 On which day was William crowned as King of England?
a. His birthday
b. Easter Sunday
c. Valentines Day
d. Christmas Day 👈
66 The largest rain forest located in Latin America shares its name with the river that runs through it.
Which of the following is the name of the rain forest and river?
a. Nile
b. Volga
c. Amazon 👈
d. Mississippi
67 If the president and vice president can no longer serve, what position in the U.S. government is next in
line for the presidency?
a. Secretary of Defense
b. First Lady
c. Speaker of the House 👈
d. Senator at large
68 Which of these once belonged to Mexico?
a. California 👈
b. Florida
c. Louisiana
d. Nebraska
69 Which Songhai leader built the largest empire in medieval West Africa?
a. Muhammad Ali
b. Askia Muhammad 👈
c. Mansa Musa
d. Mansa Mister
70 Which of the following facts supports the claim that the benefits of the Columbian Exchange
outweighed the drawbacks?
a. Farming for Native Americans became easier with the introduction of domesticated animals 👈
b. Europeans introduced deadly diseases to the New World
c. Native Americans were forced into the Encomienda System
d. Columbus took some of the Taino Indians he met "by force"
71 What required colonists to pay for an official stamp or seal, whenever they bought paper items
a. Sugar Act
b. Toleration Act
c. Intolerable Act
d. Stamp Act 👈
72 The earliest inhabitants of what is today Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya were called
a. Berbers 👈
b. Europeans
c. Australians
d. Indians

73 What was the deciding battle during the first invasion of Greece by the Persians?
a. The Battle of Thermopylae
b. The Battle of Marathon 👈
c. The Battle of Salamis
d. The Battle of Athens
74 What is an archipelago?
a. an ocean
b. group of islands 👈
c. part of the tundra
d. part of the mountains
75 Which of these religions is monotheistic?
a. Christianity
b. Judasim
c. Islam
d. All of the above 👈
76 Who was the god of the underworld?
a. Re
b. Osiris 👈
c. Horus
d. Isis
77 Who was the god that represented love, caring, and protection?
a. Re
b. Horus
c. Osiris
d. Isis 👈
78 The best description of the theme of interaction is
a. the human and physical characteristics of an area.
b. how humans adapt to and modify the environment. 👈
c. migration across the planet.
d. a definite reference to locate a place.
e. divides the world into manageable units for geographic study.
79 An area of the world that has similar, unifying characteristics is called a
a. place
b. location
c. theme
d. region 👈
80 What is the capital of Morocco?
a. Tripoli
b. Tunis
c. Algers
d. Rabat 👈
81 What is the Islamic holy book?
a. Kaaba
b. Bedouin
c. Quran 👈
d. Mecca
82 Any change in the constitution is called a(n)
a. Preamble
b. Amendment 👈
c. Judicial Branch
d. Bill of Rights
83 Muslims consider _____the prophet of their religion.
a. Kaaba
b. Abraham
c. Muhammad 👈
d. Justinian

84 The best description of the theme of location is

a. the human and physical characteristics of an area.
b. how humans adapt to and modify the environment.
c. migration across the planet.
d. a definite reference to locate a place. 👈
e. divides the world into manageable units for geographic study.
85 Who defended the British soldiers after the Boston Massacre?
a. John Adams 👈
b. Samuel Adams
c. Thomas Preston
d. George Washington
86 Which text feature is a drawing or chart that represents all or part of the earth's surface?
a. timeline
b. graph
c. map 👈
d. table
87 What reform called for building a permanent imperial capital for Japan?
a. Vocata Reform
b. Checito Salem Reform
c. Taika Reform 👈
d. Japan New Reform
88 The number of books available to people increased due to the development in the 1400s of
a. the modern novel
b. epic poetry
c. the printing press 👈
d. writing paper
89 Which two countries had the biggest colonies in South America?
a. Spain and Portugal 👈
b. England and France
c. the United States and Spain
d. Portugal and France
90 Who was the first Roman emperor?
a. Tarquin the Proud
b. Marcus Aurelius
c. Augustus 👈
d. Hadrian
91 In what area has Nigeria worked to specialize?
a. Oil production 👈
b. gold and salt trade
c. corn and wheat production
d. iron and steel
92 _____wanted to reunite the Roman Empire.
a. Theodora
b. Theoria
c. Justinian 👈
d. Tribonian
93 The best description of the theme of movement is
a. the human and physical characteristics of an area.
b. how humans adapt to and modify the environment.
c. migration across the planet. 👈
d. a definite reference to locate a place.
e. divides the world into manageable units for geographic study.
94 ____ abolished serfdom in 1861 as his first major reform of the Russian Empire.
a. Tsar Nicholas I
b. Alexander I
c. Alexander II 👈
d. Prince Rudolf
95 Which documents addressed colonial concerns about English policies?
a. Mayflower Compact
b. Declaration of Independence 👈
c. Bill of Rights
d. U.S. Constitution
96 Who was the most important Admiral for the Union Navy?
a. Robert E. Lee
b. John Brown
c. U.S. Grant
d. David Farragut 👈
97 The Writs of Assistance
a. allowed colonial women to buy British cloth at reduced prices.
b. allowed tax collectors to search for smuggled goods. 👈
c. helped colonists pay for imported tea.
d. helped each colony prepare its own charter and form its own legislature.
98 What do an absolute monarchy and an autocracy have in common?
a. a single legislative house
b. a written constitution
c. a single ruler 👈
d. a national court system
99 The best description of the the theme of place is
a. the human and physical characteristics of an area. 👈
b. how humans adapt to and modify the environment.
c. migration across the planet.
d. a definite reference to locate a place.
e. divides the world into manageable units for geographic study.
100 Which of the following is not one of the defenses at Constantinople?
a. Moat
b. Roman Fire 👈
c. Walls

d. Greek Fire

PHILIPPINE HISTORY AND RIZAL AND OTHER HEROES AND HEROINES

1. During a classroom lesson, the Social Studies teacher asked why, despite more than 300 years of
Spanish rule, majority of Filipinos could not speak Spanish. What could be a possible reason for this?

a. Spanish, as an official language, was opposed by Filipinos.

b. The Filipinos in general were not interested to learn Spanish.

c. Spain outlawed the teaching and learning of Spanish by Filipinos.

d. The Spaniards did not propagate the Spanish language.

CORRECT ANSWER D

2. During much of the Spanish occupation, how were the natives of the Philippines called?

a. principalia

b. indios

c. insulares

d. peninsulares

CORRECT ANSWER B

3. Rizal focused the “La Liga Filipina” to:

I. Unite the whole country.

II. Revolt against the Spaniards.

III. Fight violence and injustices.

a. II only

b. I and II only

c. II and III only

d. I and III only

CORRECT ANSWER D

4. The Filipino students are taught to emulate the young Jose Rizal, who was everything listed below,
except _______.

a. motivated

b. loner

c. very observant

d. reflective

CORRECT ANSWER B

5. What was Rizal’s greatest resentment during his student days that motivated him to work harder?

a. unequal treatment of students by the Jesuits

b. use of Spanish as a medium of instruction

c. passivity of Filipino students

d. prevailing discrimination

CORRECT ANSWER D

6. Which work of Rizal was said to be an angry man’s personal debate on whether or not a violent
revolution would solve the Philippine crisis during the Spanish times?

a. Junto al Pasig

b. Noli Me Tangere

c. A la Juventud Filipina

d. El Filibusterismo

CORRECT ANSWER D

7. Who was known as the Lakambini of the Katipunan?

a. Trinidad Rizal

b. Melchora Aquino

c. Gregoria de Jesus

d. Delfina Herbosa

CORRECT ANSWER C

8. Which of the following occurred first?

a. Cry of Balintawak

b. execution of Rizal at Bagumbayan

c. trial and execution of Bonifacio

d. proclamation of Philippine Independence at Cavite

CORRECT ANSWER A

9. Where did Rizal and Bonifacio not agree?

a. in the inclusion of women in the Katipunan

b. in how to win independence from Spain

c. in the manner of organizing the Katipunan

d. in their religious convictions

CORRECT ANSWER B

10. Who was the “boy general” that tried to delay American advances by making a last stand at Pasong
Tirad?

a. Antonio Luna

b. Juan Luna

c. Gregorio del Pilar

d. Macario Sakay

CORRECT ANSWER C

11. For which are the Filipinos thankful for Julian Felipe?

a. the tune of the National Anthem

b. the making of the national flag

c. the lyrics of the National Anthem

d. the draft of the Malolos Constitution

CORRECT ANSWER A

12. Who was the great Filipino reformist known for his work, Fray Botod, which exposed the ignorance,
abuses, and immorality of a certain friar?

a. Apolinario Mabini

b. Emilio Jacinto

c. Graciano Lopez-Jaena

d. Marcelo H. del Pilar

CORRECT ANSWER C

13. Who was known for the parody of “Our Father”and the “Ten Commandments” in his attempt to
campaign against the abuses of the friars?

a. Antonio Luna

b. Pedro Paterno

c. Graciano Lopez-Jaena

d. Marcelo H. del Pilar

CORRECT ANSWER D

14. What replaced the tribute as a form of taxation in the Hispanic Philippine colony in 1884?

a. Donativo

b. Santotum

c. Diezmos prediales

d. Cedula personal

CORRECT ANSWER D

15. How did the Hispanic conquest affect the physical features of the conquered native Filipinos,
especially in lowland regions?

a. Indian mestizos

b. slit-eyed Chinitos

c. light-skinned, high-nosed mestizos

d. Fil-Am half-breeds

CORRECT ANSWER C
16. In whose painting/s was slavery in the Philippines during the Spanish period clearly depicted?

a. Antonio Luna

b. Felix Hidalgo

c. Juan Luna

d. Jose Rizal

CORRECT ANSWER C

17. Which religious institution is the only living remnant of the Philippine Revolution of 1896 today?

a. Unitarian Church of the Philippines

b. Roman Catholic Church

c. Philippine Independent Church

d. United Church of the Philippines

CORRECT ANSWER C

18. Who was the second editor of La Solidaridad with the penname Dolores Manapat?

a. Graciano Lopez-Jaena

b. Jose Rizal

c. Marcelo H. del Pilar

d. Mariano Ponce

CORRECT ANSWER C

19. How many ships arrived to the Philippines from Mexico during the Galleon Trade?

a. two

b. three

c. one

d. five

CORRECT ANSWER A

20. What is a non-debatable evidence left by Rizal proving his faith in God despite being estranged from
his religion?

a. El Filibusterismo

b. Mi Ultimo Adios
c. retraction paper

d. Noli Me Tangere

CORRECT ANSWER C

21. What was the signal of the Philippine Rebellion against Spain?

a. Pact of Biak-na-Bato

b. Battle of San Juan del Monte

c. La Liga Filipina

d. Cry of Pugadlawin

CORRECT ANSWER D

22. Who were the rich landowners during the Spanish Era?

a. cabezas de barangay

b. gobernadorcillo

c. hacienderos

d. encomienderos

CORRECT ANSWER C

23. What was the goal of the Propaganda Movements for the Philippine colony as a province of Spain?

a. reformation

b. autonomy

c. assimilation

d. independence

CORRECT ANSWER A

24. What message was taken from Rizal’s La Indolencia del Filipino?

a. Rise in arms against Spain; don’t be lazy.

b. The rich natural resources and favorable climate encourage the Filipino get-by mentality.

c. The Filipino lack of unity will penalize them.

d. Study well. This is the only way to go up!

CORRECT ANSWER B
25. Who was the Filipino general assassinated by the Kawit Company at Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija in
1889?

a. Artemio Ricarte

b. Antonio Luna

c. Macario Sakay

d. Gregorio del Pilar

CORRECT ANSWER B

26. The La Liga Filipina was founded to carry out among which of the following aims?

a. to discourage the revolutionary ideas and spread of Masonry

b. to work for the separation of the archipelagos from Spain

c. to assassinate abusive and tyrannical governors and friars

d. to unite the whole archipelago into one compact, vigorous and homogenous body

CORRECT ANSWER D

27. La Solidaridad is to the reformist while _______ is to the Katipunaros.

a. Bravos Indios

b. Kalayaan

c. Pahayagan

d. The Decalogue

CORRECT ANSWER B

28. To whom did Rizal dedicate his first novel, Noli Me Tangere?

a. to his mother

b. to the Spaniards

c. to the Fatherland

d. GOMBURZA

CORRECT ANSWER C

29. What was the oldest existing college for girls in the Philippines, founded in 1632?

a. College of Sta. Rosa

b. Assumption College
c. College of Sta. Isabel

d. College of La Concordia

CORRECT ANSWER A

30. What was the highest position occupied by the Filipinos during the Spanish period?

a. gobernadorcillo

b. cabeza de barangay

c. Governor-General

d. alcalde mayor

CORRECT ANSWER B

31. Who was the Spanish governor-general who ordered the deportation of Dr. Jose Rizal to Dapitan?

a. Rafael Izquierdo

b. Emilio Terrero

c. Eulogio Despujol

d. Primo de Rivera

CORRECT ANSWER C

32. What was a college song for Rizal’s young pupils in Dapitan?

a. Hymn to Talisay

b. My Retreat

c. a la Nacion

d. Sa Mga Kababayan

CORRECT ANSWER A

33. The following documents were gathered by Spaniards during Rizal’s preliminary investigation, except
_______.

a. Speeches of Emilio Jacinto

b. Letters of Marcelo H. del Pilar

c. copy of Kundiman and Hymn to Talisay

d. Letters to Galicano Apacible

CORRECT ANSWER D
34. What case was charged against Rizal by the Spanish authorities?

a. rebellion

b. forgery

c. heresy

d. filibuster

CORRECT ANSWER A

35. What was a book written by Kemphis, which was Rizal’s last gift to Josephine Bracken?

a. Mi Ultimo Adios

b. Imitation of Christ

c. Faith in God

d. Retraction

CORRECT ANSWER B

36. Who was the governor-general who approved Rizal’s application as volunteer physician to Cuba?

a. Polavieja

b. Blanco

c. Carnicero

d. Ochande

CORRECT ANSWER B

37. What was an anti-clerical novel of Eugene Sue which provided Rizal a model for his Noli Me
Tangere?

a. The Wandering Jew

b. Uncle Tom’s Cabin

c. Spolarium

d. Costumbres

CORRECT ANSWER A

38. Where was the second Spanish settlement proclaimed by Legazpi?

a. Bohol

b. Panay
c. Cebu

d. Maynila

CORRECT ANSWER B

39. What was the earliest banking institutions, and at the same time a charitable institution?

a. Banco Trinidad

b. Obras Pias

c. La Independencia

d. Banco Espanol Filipinos

CORRECT ANSWER B

40. Who made the popular FIlipino bamboo organ?

a. Panday Pira

b. Diego Lerra

c. Father Valderrama

d. Hermano Pule

CORRECT ANSWER B

41. What was the name given to Cebu in honor of the Sto. Nino?

a. Ciudad del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus

b. Black Nazarene

c. El Heraldo dela Revoluciones

d. Semirara

CORRECT ANSWER A

42. Who was the Chinese pirate who killed Martin de Goiti?

a. Limahong

b. Shih Huang Ti

c. Hideyoshi

d. Kamura

CORRECT ANSWER A

43. Who betrayed the KKK that led to its discovery by the Spanish Government?
a. Teodoro Plata

b. Teodoro Patino

c. Apolinario dela Cruz

d. Mariano Alvarez

CORRECT ANSWER A

44. Who was the “mestizo” who served as the mediator in the Truce of Biak-na-Bato?

a. Primo de Rivera

b. Pedro Paterno

c. Ramon Blanco

d. La Madrid

CORRECT ANSWER B

45. What was the payment for exemption to render the forced labor during the Spanish Regime called?

a. boleta

b. indulto

c. situado

d. falla

CORRECT ANSWER D

46. Where was Jose Rizal buried after his execution at Bagumbayan on December 30, 1896?

a. Libingan ng mga Bayani

b. Calamba, Laguna

c. Fort Santiago

d. Sementaryo ng Paco

CORRECT ANSWER C

47. What was the name of the particular town where Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo established the Republic of
Biak-na-Bato on May 31, 1897?

a. San Ildefonso

b. San Rafael

c. Baliwag
d. San Miguel

CORRECT ANSWER D

48. Who was the famous artist who made the illustrations for Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere under the pen
name “Juan Bulan.” Who was he?

a. Fernando Amorsolo

b. Ben Cab

c. Juan Luna

d. Felix Hidalgo

CORRECT ANSWER C

49. The real conquest of the Philippines by the Spaniards was achieved _______.

a. more by the sword than by the cross

b. more by the aid of the Filipinos helping the Spaniards

c. more by the cross than by the sword

d. none of the above

CORRECT ANSWER C

50. Which of the following best described the weakness of the early Filipino revolt, and is an important
explanation to their failure?

a. Due to the lack of unity and leadership, the revolts failed to sensitize the people to a new spectrum of
common identities and purposes.

b. The rulers enjoyed advantages such as superior weapons, a well-trained military organization and
better military strategy.

c. The Spanish authorities and potent support from the clergy whom the Filipinos obeyed either out of
respect or out of fear.

d. The revolts were limited in scope and could claim only regional backing.

CORRECT ANSWER A

51. The famous “Great Triumvirate” of the Propaganda Movement was composed of _______.

a. Rizal, Jaena, del Pilar

b. Rizal, Ponce, Luna

c. Rizal, Jaena, Panganiban

d. none of the above

CORRECT ANSWER A

52. Where was the first Holy Mass held on March 31, 1521?

a. Masao

b. Butuan

c. Agusan del Norte

d. A, B, and C

CORRECT ANSWER D

53. Who was the “Father of the Filipino Painters”?

a. Juan Luna

b. Fernando Amorsolo

c. Cenon Rivera

d. Damian Domingo

CORRECT ANSWER D

54. Who served as the last governor-general of the Philippines during the Spanish period?

a. Legazpi

b. Diego delos Rios

c. Narciso Claveria

d. Martin de Goiti

CORRECT ANSWER C

55. What was the Bible of the Katipunan?

a. Kartilla

b. Kalayaan

c. La Solidaridad

d. Diaryong Tagalog

CORRECT ANSWER A

56. Who was the founder of the Confradia de San Jose?

a. Jose de la Cruz

b. Dagohoy
c. Magalat

d. Bankaw

CORRECT ANSWER A

57. What was the Chinatown in Manila during the Spanish period?

a. Mai/Mayi

b. Zondo

c. downtown

d. Sta. Cruz

CORRECT ANSWER D

58. What was the first original organ of the Revolutionary Government?

a. Kalayaan

b. Diario de Manila

c. El Heraldo dela Revolucion

d. La Solidaridad

CORRECT ANSWER A

59. Carmen Guerrero Nakpil described the aliping namamahay as a _______.

a. serf

b. a higher degree of slave

c. a commoner

d. a property owner

CORRECT ANSWER D

60. The propaganda wanted reforms for the Philippines, which means?

a. They want to claim independence.

b. They want to oust the Spaniards.

c. They want to make Filipinos more active in government.

d. They fought for the American annexation.

CORRECT ANSWER C

LET Sept 2019 (SocSci)

1. “Political dynasties”
✔to uphold the equality of public service
2. What map illustrates the Physical contour of an area?
✔Topographic map
3. State shall receive support from..
✔Government
4. EDSA Revolt “what kind of research?”
✔Cohort Study
5. The teacher must be ______ to be fair & accurate to assess the students
✔Objective
6. “Traditional authority”
✔King Loui XIV
7. Civilization.. educational goal to develop individual man to act & to think
✔Sumeria
8. Prisoners from city jail
✔Penal facilities not under sub human conditions
9. Filipino attitude
✔Remedyo attitude
10. Herbert Spencer “no need to improve society, cause it evolve change ____.”
✔Naturally
11. Refers to thinking, feeling, and behavior of a society
✔Culture
12. You can teach anthropology, biology, and sociology concepts with linguistics
✔Integrative
13. Appointed by the president and commission of appointment EXCEPT :
✔Associates Justice and Supreme Court
14. Most controversial about 1937 Constitution
✔Reforming Presidential Term
15. Biggest State
✔Canada
16. Lessen competitiveness
✔Collaboration
17. Systematic explanation of observation based on social manifestation
✔Theory
18. Influence is visible in the dress
✔Indonesian
19. Super power, unclesam, coca cola all related to?
✔USA
20. Queen of PH Orchids
✔Waling waling
State- a community of person more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of a
territory, independent of external control and possessing an organized government to which the great
body of inhabitants render habitual obedience (James W. Garner).

+
4 Elements of State:
1. PEOPLE- the inhabitants living within the state.
2. TERRITORY- (see Art. 1, sec. 1, 1987 Consti.)
3. GOVERNMENT- the exercise of aggregate authorities in the administration. The agency through which
the will of the state is formulated.
4. SOVEREIGNTY- public authority to make decisions which any citizen in the state is politically no
superior and freedom from foreign control.

Forms of Government:
1. DEMOCRACY- majority of the people.
2. MONARCHY- single ruler.
3. ARISTOCRACY/ OLIGARCHY- few privilege class.

Parliamentary- the executive is dependent to the legislature.

Presidential- independent of the legislature.

Constitution/ Saligang Batas- a written instrument by which the fundamental powers of the government
are established, limited and defined.

+
Parts of the Constitution:
A. Constitution of Government
B. Constitution of Liberty
C. Constitution of Sovereignty
D. Preamble

PREAMBLE (1987 Constitution)

We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane
society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common
good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of
independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality,
and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution

I NATIONAL TERRITORY

The national territory comprises the Philippine archipelago, with all the islands and waters embraced
therein, and all other territories over which the Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting of its
terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains, including its territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insular
shelves, and other submarine areas. The waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the
archipelago, regardless of their breadth and dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the
Philippines.

Article II DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES

PRINCIPLES

Section 1. The Philippines is a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in the people and all
government authority emanates from them.

+
Section 2. The Philippines renounces war as an instrument of national policy, adopts the generally
accepted principles of international law as part of the law of the land and adheres to the policy of peace,
equality, justice, freedom, cooperation, and amity with all nations.

Section 3. Civilian authority is, at all times, supreme over the military. The Armed Forces of the
Philippines is the protector of the people and the State. Its goal is to secure the sovereignty of the State
and the integrity of the national territory.

Section 4. The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people. The Government may
call upon the people to defend the State and, in the fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required, under
conditions provided by law, to render personal military or civil service.

Section 5. The maintenance of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property, and the
promotion of the general welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all the people of the blessings of
democracy.

Section 6. The separation of Church and State shall be inviolable

 POLICIES

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Section 7. The State shall pursue an independent foreign policy. In its relations with other states the
paramount consideration shall be national sovereignty, territorial, integrity, national interest, and the right
to self-determination.

Section 8. The Philippines, consistent with the national interest, adopts and pursues a policy of freedom
from nuclear weapons in its territory.

+
Section 9. The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and
independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide adequate
social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living and an improved quality of life for all.

Section 10. The State shall promote social justice in all phases of national development.

Section 11. The State values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human
rights

Article III BILL OF RIGHTS

Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any
person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

Section 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against
unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no
search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause to be determined personally
by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses he may
produce, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized.
Political Science

What is Political Science?

- to its simplest terms, POLITICAL SCIENCE is a science that treats with the systematic study of state
and politics.

Political from a Greek word "polis" that means a "city-state". And from "polis" develops polites
meaning "citizens".

Science, a Latin word "scire/ sciens" connotes "systematized knowledge".

City-state - - Lungsod-estado
Science - - Kaalaman/ Karunungan

🎲Social Studies🎲
Which countries pursue sovereignty claims to the Spratly Islands as a whole and not to specific parts
alone?
A. Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia
B. China, Vietnam, Taiwan ♣♣♣
C. Philippines, Vietnam, China
D. Taiwan, Malaysia, China
2. World: Nile River; Philippines: _____
A. Agno River
B. Cagayan River ♣♣♣
C. Rio Grande de Pampanga
D. Rio Grande de Mindanao
3. Who is considered the founder of Philippine socialism?
A. Isabelo de los Reyes ♣♣♣
B. Andres Bonifacio
C. Emilio Jacinto
D. Apolinario Mabini
4. Which of the following demonstrates ethnocentric behavior?
A. A United Nations volunteer participates in literacy programs in Mindanao
B. A student tutors an immigrant in English
C. A Hispanic community group demands that public forms also be published in Spanish
D. A tourist lectures his foreign hosts on the “uncivilized” nature of their marriage customs ♣♣♣
5. Which characteristic applies to the kind of government during the Spanish period?
A. Decentralized
B. Democratic
C. Highly centralized ♣♣♣
D. Between democratic and socialist

🔴SOCIAL STUDIES🔴
I. Trends and Issues
1. There is a violation of ______in cases of extra-judicial killings.
A. Search and seizure
❤B. Due process of law
C. Arrest warrant
D. Equal protection under the law
2. Among patterns of behavior required in Sociology which is obtained through direct experience,
observation and testing?
❤A. Empiricism
B. Critical spirit
C. Objectivity
D Ethical neutrality
3. Showing respect by kissing the hand that has changed to kissing the cheek or hugging shows _______
culture in society.
A. Ideal
B. Real
❤C. Conventional
D. Virtual
4. The winner in the Philippine national presidential election is determined by ______ votes, while that of
the U.S by ________ votes.
A. total::sectoral votes
B. National::local votes
❤C. Popular::electoral college votes
D. Multi-party::one party votes
5. Private sector groups for national advocacies are commonly referred to as ________.
A. Public sector
❤B. Civil society
C. Cooperatives
D. Party-list representatives
6. What methodology is used for research on political and social issues by pollsters, such as SWS and
Pulse Asia?
A. Field research
❤B. Survey
C. Case study
D. Experiment
7. An approach that is _______ is the needed response to extreme poverty in the world.
❤A. Multi-dimensional
B. Multi-lateral
C. Multi-diverse
D. Multi-national
8. Federalism can grant _______ to the regions.
❤A. Autonomy
B. Sovereignty
C. Statehood
D. Fiscal independence
9. Who coined the word "sociological imagination" to underscore the relationship between what is
happening in people's personal lives and the social forces that surround them?
A. Mark Durkheim
❤B. Wright Mills
C. Auguste Comte
D. Isabel Panofio
_________________________
1. With the promotion of social justice in mind, which does NOT belong to the group?
A. Equitable access to education
B. Profit sharing
C. Diffusion of wealth
D. Absolute right over 🌷property
2. Which part of the Visayas receives the least precipitation?
A. Northern
B. Eastern
C. Western🌷
D. Central
3. When the Filipino reformists asked for the assimilation of the Philippines by Spain, what did they ask
for? For the Philippines to ________.
A. become independent from Spain
B. become a province of Spain🌷
C. be independent from Spain with certain conditions
D. be represented in the Spanish Cortes
4. How is the so-called colonial mentality manifested?
A. Cultural relativism
B. Cultural diversity
C. Xenocentrism🌷
D. Ethnocentrism
5. The maximum price that can be legally changed for a good or service is called _____.
A. minimum wage
B. price floor
C. legal wage
D. price ceiling🌷

SOCIAL SCIENCE major- Philippine Politics and Governance📖

👉Politics- in general, it means organizing human activities.
 Politics is all around.
 Politics happens because of the need to make
decisions in the complex world we live in.
 According to Aristotle, “Man by nature is a political
animal”. If it is true, then politics is not only
common in our lives – it is unavoidable.
👉Elements of Politics:
 Power
 Rule
 Authority
 Influence
💟Demo – people / Kratos – power
👉Governance- it refers to the way in which something is
governed to meet objectives such as protecting its people,
and acting in the country’s best interest.
👉State is a group of people living in a definite territory,
having a government of their own and enjoying their own
independence.
👉Elements of State
1.People – a mass of population or community of people living within the territorial jurisdiction of state.
2. Territory- The space within which the government exercise its supreme authority.
3. Government- agency through which the will of the state are formulated, expressed carried out.
4. Sovereignty– the supreme power of the state to enforce its will upon its citizen through laws. It also
means independence from the control of other states.
👉It has two aspects:
a. internal sovereignty- w/c means complete authority to rule over the people inside the state
b. external sovereignty (often referred as independence) – which means independence from outside or
foreign control.
👉Nation - any large group of people who are united by common bonds of race, language, custom,
tradition, or religion.
State vs Nation
💟State is a political concept while nation is an ethnic concept.💟
👉Modes of Acquiring a Territory
1. Discovery and Occupation- a state may acquire a territory by discovering a continent, an island or land
with no inhabitants or occupied by uncivilized
inhabitants and thereafter, occupying it, by placing it under its political administration.
2. Prescription- it is a mode of acquiring territory
through continuous and undisputed exercise of sovereignty over it during such period as it is necessary to
create under the general conviction that the present condition of things is in conformity with international
order.
3. Cession – it is the assignment, transfer or yielding
up of territory by one state or government to
another. It may be in a form of sale or donation.4. Subjugation and annexation- it is a mode of acquiring
territory belonging to a state in the
course of war and by annexation at the end of the war.
5. Accretion- mode of acquiring territory by addition of portions of soil, either artificial or by gradual
disposition through the operation of natural causes.
💟CLASSIFICATION OF GOVERNMENT ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE💟
1. Monarchy (ruled by one person)
- where one person exercises sovereignty. It
is the form of government in which the
supreme and final authority is in the hands
of a single person.
2. Aristocracy- ( ruled by a few persons)
- where political power is exercised by a
privilege class known as the elite or
oligarchs.
3. Democracy ( ruled by many)
- is one in which supreme power is vested to the people . It is classified into two:
a. direct democracy ( pure democracy)- is where people directly govern themselves
b. indirect democracy (representative democracy)
– is where people elect representatives to act in their behalf.
👉Political Science- is a branch of social science that studies
politics and state.
👉Subfields of Political Science
1. National Politics - deals with the study of the structure of the government, its branches, the
political system of the state, public opinon and elections.
2. Comparative Politics – studies the politics and government of other countries
3. International Relations – political cooperation among states, diplomatic relationships, international
organizations and laws.
4. Political Theory – defines what is good and what is bad government.
Example: Machiavelli
5. Constitutional Law – studies the balance between the powers of the government and the rights of the
people.
6. Public Policy – focuses on the programs of the state to benefit the economy and the state as a whole.
👉Political Science is a social science.
👉Social science is the study of society and the manner in which people behave and influence the world
around us.
💟The following are the Major branches of Social Science:
👉Psychology studies emotional and cognitive impacts of environments and relationships, and the
reactions of human systems to emotional and cognitive changes.
👉Sociology – how we become members of groups, move between groups, and how being in different
groups affects individuals and the groups in which they participate.
👉Political Science – how we identify ourselves as citizens of a particular nation, how we participate in
our political structure, how it affects us, what motivates us to affiliate ourselves with certain points of view
or parties.
👉Anthropology deals with of what it means to be human, through the understanding of modern cultures
across the globe, the cultures of the past, languages, the human body,
and our evolutionary history.
👉History – the interpretation of the past, how it affects our views of the present, understanding trends or
the lack
thereof in the past.
👉Economics – refers to the scientific study of human action, particularly as it relates to human choice
and the utilization
of scarce resources.
👉Political Phenomenon- any occurrence, events, or facts relating to politics.
👉Ideology - refers to a system of beliefs about how society should function, behave, and operate
👉Political Ideology is a set of related beliefs about political theory and policy held by an individual, group
of individuals or a particular social class.
💟Major Political Ideologies
1. Anarchism - The belief that the best government is absolutely no government. This ideology argues
that everything about governments is repressive and therefore must be abolished entirely.
2. Absolutism - The belief that a single ruler should have control over every aspect of the government and
of the people’s lives.
3. Liberalism - A set of political beliefs emphasizing individual rights and liberties
4. Conservatism - A set of political beliefs based on preservation of customs and traditions that define the
character of a society 5. Socialism - A set of political beliefs emphasizing community and social equality
👉Political Power is:
 The ability to shape and control the political
behavior of others and to lead and guide their
behavior in the direction desired by the person, group, or institution exercising the political power.
 The capacity to influence, condition, mold, and control human behavior for the accomplishment of
political objectives.
💟Major Forms of Political Power
1. Political Authority - is governmental power. It is the legally established power of the government to
make rules and issue commands and to compel obedience to them,
making use of physical force and coercion when deemed necessary. Political authority in short, is the
legal right--the legally established power--to govern society.
2. Political Influence - is the ability of private individuals and groups to impact on the government's making
and implementation of official policy decisions. It is a form of
political power exercised by those who do not possess the formal-legal authority, but have and utilize the
ability to condition, modify, and control the official decision-making
behavior of those in government office who do possess the authority to make and implement the
decisions.
💟CONSTITUTION
 heart of the nation
 foundation of the government
 blueprint of the government
 fundamental law of the land
 highest law of the land
 basic law of the land
💟Constitution is a written instrument enacted by direct action of the people by which the fundamental
powers of the government are established, limited and defined, and by which those powers are
distributed among the several departments for their safe and useful exercise for the benefit of the body
politic.
💟The Republic of the Philippines is using the 1987 Philippine
Constitution also known as the Freedom Constitution.💟
👉Preamble – introduction to the constitution

“We, the sovereign Filipino, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society
and establish a government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good,
conserve and
develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence and
democracy, under the rule of law, and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do
ordain and
promulgate this Constitution.”

💟Articles of the 1987 Philippine Constitution

👉Article I National Territory
👉Article II Declaration of Principles and State Policies
👉Article III Bill of Rights
👉Article IV Citizenship
👉Article V Suffrage
👉Article VI Legislative Department
👉Article VII Executive Department
👉Article VIII Judicial Department
👉Article IX Constitutional Commissions
👉Article X Local Government
👉Article XI Accountability of Public Officers
👉Article XII National Economy and Patrimony
👉Article XIII Social Justice and Human Rights
👉Article XIV Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports
👉Article XV The Family
👉Article XVI General Provisions
👉Article XVII Amendments or Revisions
👉Article XVIII Transitory Provisions
💟Article I: National Territory
Section 1. The national territory comprises the Philippine archipelago, with all the islands and waters
embraced therein, and all other territories over which the Philippines
has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting of its terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains, including its
territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insular shelves, and other
submarine areas. The waters around, between and connecting the islands of the archipelago, regardless
of their breath and dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the Philippines.
💟Article II: Declarations of Principles and State Policies
Basic Principles of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
1. The Philippines is a democratic and republican
state. Sovereignty and government authority
belong to the people. ART II SEC 1
2. The Philippines renounces war as an element of
national policy ART II SEC 2
3. Civilian authority is all times supreme over the
military. ART II SEC 3
4. The prime duty of the government is to serve and
protect the people. ART II SEC 4
5. The separation of church and state shall be at all
times be upheld. ART II SEC 6
6. The government shall provide social justice. ART II
SEC 10
💟Article III: Bill of Rights
Basic rights that are recognized and protected by the
Constitution:
1. Right to due process of law (Art III Sec 1)
2. Right against unreasonable search and seizure (Art
III Sec 2)
3. Right to privacy of communication and
correspondence (Art III Sec 3)
4. Right to travel and Liberty of abode (Art III Sec 6)
5. Right to Assembly and Petition/ Right to form association (Art III Sec 😎
💟Article IV: Citizenship
It encapsulates the provisions that will answer the question:
Who are the citizens of the Philippines?
💟Article V: Suffrage
Right to vote/Election
💟Article VI: Legislative Department
Philippine Congress is bicameral legislature which consists of :
Upper house: Senate
Lower house: House of Representatives
💟Article VII: Executive Department
President of the Philippines (qualifications, manner of
voting, term of office, powers and limitations)
💟Article VIII: Judicial Department
1. The Supreme Court
2. Intermediate Appellate Court (Court of Appeals)
3. Regional Trial Court (RTC)
4. Municipal Trial Court (MTC), Municipal Circuit Trial
Court
In addition to these regular courts, there are two special
courts, namely:
1. Court of Tax Appeals
2. Sandiganbayan
The Constitution also provides for two special legal bodies,
namely:
1. Judicial and Bar Council
2. Ombudsman (Tanodbayan)
💟Article IX: Constitutional Commissions
1. Commission on Elections
2. Commission on Audit
3. Civil Service Commission
💟Article X: Local Government
Political Subdivisions of the Republic of the Philippines:
1. Provinces
2. Cities
3. Municipalities
4. Barangays
*** Autonomous Regions: ARMM and CAR
💟Article XI: Accountability of Public Officers
 Impeachment
 Sandiganbayan – anti-graft court
 Ombudsman/Tanodbayan – investigates on its own
any act or omission of any public official, employee,
office or agency.
💟Article XII: National Economy and Patrimony
 Distribution of income, wealth and opportunities
 Economy of the nation
 Sustainable development
 Industrialization and full employment
 Agricultural Development
 Agrarian Reform
 Natural Resources
💟Article XIII: Social Justice and Human Rights
 Human dignity
 Reduce social, economic, and political inequalities
 Remove cultural inequities
 Social Justice – commitment to create economic
opportunities based on freedom of initiative and
self-reliance
💟Article XIV: Education, Science and Technology, Arts,
Culture and Sports
 Quality education
 System of education
 The study of constitution shall be part of the
curricula of all educational institutions
 Language: Filipino is the official language
 Research and Development
 Invention
 Innovation
 Preservation of arts and culture
 Physical education
 Sports Program
 League competitions
 Amateur sports
 Regular sports activities in all educational
institutions.
💟Article XV: The Family
 Family is the foundation of the nation
 Marriage
 Family Rights and Duties
💟Article XVI: General Provision
 Flag
 Name of the country
 National anthem
 National seal
 Armed Forces of the Philippines
 The State may not be sued without its consent
 Ownership of mass media is limited to citizens of
the Philippines
💟Article XVII: Amendments or Revisions
-Changing the constitution.
💟Article XVIII: Transitory Provisions:
- Provision about the first election of Philippine congress/
first local election
-Provisions about the revolutionary powers, legislative power of President (Cory Aquino)

Aklan - Oldest province in the Philippines

Cebu City- Oldest City in the Philippines
Davao City - Largest City in the Philippines
Iloilo - Province with most number of barangays
Negros Occidental - Province with most number of cities
Palawan - Largest Province in the Philippines
Sablayan, Occ. Mindoro - Largest Municipality in the Philippines
Miagao, Iloilo - Municipality with most number of barangays, Onion Capital of Visayas
Nueva Ecija - Rice Granary of the Philippines
Pampanga - Culinary Capital of the Philippines
Marinduque - Heart of the Philippines
Iloilo City - The First queen City of the South, City where the Past is always present
Dumaguete - City of Gentle People
Cagayan de Oro - City of Golden Friendship
Quezon City - City of Stars and New Horizons
Manila - Ever Distinguished Loyal City
Roxas City - Seafood Capital of the Philippines
Antique - Province where the mountain meets the sea
Bacoor - Band Capital of the Philippines
Gen. San City- Tuna Capital
Isulan - Oil Palm Capital of the Philippines
Pangasinan - Saltmaking Capital
Negros Occidental - Sugar Bowl
Romblon - Marble Capital
Rizal - Cradle of Philippine Arts
Cavite - Cradle of Phil. Revolution
La Union - Surfing Capital of the North
Biliran - Shipyard of Antiquity
Camiguin - Island Born of Fire
Siquijor - Island of Fire
Makati - Manhattan of the Philippines
Marikina - Shoe Capital of the Philippines
Cebu - Gateway to a Thousand Journeys
Masbate - Great Wild West of Phil.
Tarlac - Melting Pot of Central Luzon
Bataan - History Hub of Central Luzon
Bulacan - Manila's Gateway to the North
Palawan - Philippines' Last Frontier
Guimaras - Mango County of Visayas
Manduluyong - Shopping Capital
Muntinlupa - The Emerald City
Valenzuela - The Only Divided City
Lanao del Sur - Cradle of Muslim Art
South Cotabato - Conference Capital of Mindanao
Dinagat Island - Mystical Province of Love
Surigao del Norte - Surfing Capital
Eastern Samar - Gateway to Phil. Discovery
Cam Sur - Wakeboarding Capital
Lanao del Norte - Land of Beauty and Bounty
Pateros - Balut Capital
San Juan - Tiangge Capital
Navotas - Fishing Capital of Greater Manila
Laguna - The Silicon Valley
Batangas - Diving and Shipping Capital
Batanes - Land of True Insulars
Quirino - Forest Heartland of Cagayan Valley
Zambales - Chromite Capital
Aurora - Land of Golden Sunrise
Zamboanga del Norte - Province of South's Twin City
Bukidnon - Pineapple Capital
Catanduanes - Land of the Howling Wind
Maguindanao - Seat of Muslim Mindanao
Sitangkai, Tawi Tawi - Venice of the South
Cotabato - Land of Mightiest Mountain
Neg. Oriental - Whale and Dolphin Haven
Paranaque - Fashion Capital
Pasay - Travel Capital
Lucena, Quezon - Biofuel & Biopalm City
Samar - Spelunking Capital
Davao del Norte - Durian and Banana Capital
Baguio City - Summer Capital/ City of Pines
San Fernando, Pampanga - Lantern Capital
Misamis Occ - Christmas Capital of Mindanao
Benguet - Salad Bowl of the Philippines
Kalinga - White Rafting Capital of the North
Isabela - Rice Granary of the North
Nueva Vizcaya - Watershed Haven of Cagayan Valley
Ilocos Sur - Heritage Haven of the Far North
Oriental Mindoro - Harbor Gateway to the South
Agusan del Norte - Land of Antiquated Finds
Tacloban City - City of Hope
Tagbilaran - City of Peace and Friendship
Tuguegarao - Premier Ybanag City
Butuan - Timber City of the South
Gingoog - City of Good Luck
Davao - Fruit Basket and King City of the South
Dapitan - Shrine and Historic City of the South
Pagadian - Little Hong Kong of the South
Zamboanga City - Asias Latin City, Sardines Capital, City of Flowers
Mati - Coconut City of the South
Catbalogan - City of Captivating Contrast
Tagum - Music Capital of the South
Sulu - Land of Exotic Fruits
Bacolod - City of Smiles
Passi - Sweet City at the Heart of Panay
Antipolo - City in the Sky
Calbayog - City of Waterfalls
Las Pinas - Salt Center of Metro Manila

Taguig - The ProvinSyudad

Valenzuela - Vibrant City of Discipline
Maasin City, S. Leyte - The Religious City
Lingayen - The Most Romantic Place
Alimodian, Iloilo - Banana Capital of Panay
Dagupan - Bangus Capital
La Trinidad, Benguet - Strawberry Capital
Cauayan, Isabela - Mushroom City of the North
Donsol, Sorsogon - World's Whale Shark Capital
Legazpi - City of Fun and Adventure, ATV capital
Naga - Bicols Queen City
Mandaue, Cebu - Furniture Capital
Borongan - King City of the East
Dipolog - The Phil. Orchid City
Gutalac, Zamb. Norte - Pebble Capital
El Salvador, Mis Or - City of Divine Mercy
Iligan - industrial City of the South
Pototan, Iloilo - Christmas Capital of Visayas
Lantapan, Bukidnon - Vegetable Basket of Mindanao
Malaybalay, Bukidnon - Summer Capital of the South
Oroquieta - City of Good Life
Digos - Clay Capital of Mindanao
Malita - Banana Capital of Davao
Samal - Phil. Island Garden City
Kidapawan - City at the foot of Mt Apo
Koronadal - Ilonggo City of the South
El Nido - Heaven on Earth
Puerto Galera - Poors man Boracay
Puerto Princesa - EcoTourism Capital

MIX Sana Makatulong💕😍

★ Highway 54 - the old name of EDSA during ww-II
★ Trisomy 21 - also known as down syndrome
★ Kumintang - Filipinos would sing this song in preparation for war battle
★ En ventre sa mere - the right of the unborn child is the same as the right of individual
★ Mark Twain - pen name of Samuel Clemens
★ Heroic Couplet - last two lines of the Sonnet
★ Sergio Osmeña - the first appointed head of the Department of Education during Commonwealth
period
★ Philippine Normal University - established by the Americans for aspiring educators in 1901
★ Animal cells - donot produce cell walls
★ Bousterophedon - Ancient Greeks form of writing
★ Nitrogen - the nost abundant gas in the atmosphere
★ Skin - body's largest organ
★ Chivalric education - also known as social discipline. The educational system which emphasized social
etiquette
★ Socratic method - teachers ask questions to try to get students to clarify and rethink their own ideas, to
come eventually to a deep and clear understanding of philosophical concepts
★ Saracenic education - this education is training for scientific thinking
★ verbatim - word for word
★ Social Justice - very foundation of genuine peace and reconciliation
★ National Treasury - provides the fund to support the Air Quality Management in the Philippines
★ Tomas Pinpin - kauna-unahang manlilimbag na Pilipino
★ Pascual Poblete - tinaguriang "Ama ng Pahayagang tagalog"
★ Oxygen - a by-product of Photosynthesis
★ water - universal solvent
★ Gametes (in human) - contain 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome
★ Emilio Jacinto - utak ng Himagikan
★ Apolinario Mabini - utak ng rebolusyon Katipunan
★ Kinkee - the gas lamp used to lighten the streets in intramuros way back in history
★ Miranda rule - right of a person under arrest
★ Epistemology - examines the nature and origin of human knowledge
★ empiricism - holds that the sensory experience is the source of knowledge
★ Agnoticism - coined by Thomas Huxley which means "not knowledge but being able to know
★ metaphysics - it seeks to find out what is ultimately real
★ Horticulture - the art of growing flowers, fruits and vegetables
★ Jus sanguinis - a child follows the nationality or citizenship of the parents regardless of the place of his
birth
★ 1956 - Lupang Hinirang was sung for the first time
★ Element - the simplest substance that cannot be decomposed further by normal chemical means
★ Pedro Bucaneg - Ama ng panitikang Ilocano
★ Intellectual Appreciative Experiences - based on the premise that all the learning has emotional
correlates
★ Thailand - formerly called "Siam"
★ Henry Otley Beyer - proposed the idea that the first Filipinos came through waves of migration from
South to North
★ Klaster - Kambal katinig
★ Trinidad Tecson - Ina ng Biak-na-Bato at Ina ng Kruss na Pula (Red cross)
★ Truman Doctrine - was an american foreign policy created to counter Soviet geopolitical expansion
during the cold war
★ Manila - was named "Distinguished and ever loyal city" by Legaspi
★ Mariano Trias - First Vice President of the Republic of the Philippines
★ Plebiscite - the direct vote of all the members of an electorate on an important public questions such as
a change in the Constitution.
★Monothiest religion - Christianity, Islam, Judaism
★ First sultinate - Sultinate of Sulu
★ Diwata I - first Satellite launched by the Philippines
★ Franchise - given the right to vote
★ disenfranchise - removal of the right to vote
★ Antartica - Largest dessert, cold dessert
★ Bicameralism - upperhouse / Lowerhouse
★ Executive - emplimentinv body
★ Legislative - Lawmaking body
★ Judiciary - interpreting body
★ Ural Mountain - separated Europe and Asia
★ 5 ships of Magellan - Trinidad, Conception, Victoria, San Antonio, & San Tiago
★ Mongoloids - Known as the Yellow race

Philippine Government with New Constitution

Practice Test
1. All of the following constitute the meaning of political science except:
A. A basic knowledge and understanding of the state.
B. It is primarily concerned with the association of human beings into a political community.
C. Common knowledge every events taking place in the society.
D. It deals with the relationship among men and groups which are subject to the control by the state.

2. It refers to the community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying

definite portion of territory, having a government of their own to which the great body of inhabitants render
obedience, and enjoying freedom from external control.
A. Sovereignty
B. Nation
C. Citizenship
D. State

3. It refers to the agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed and
carried out.
A. Government
B. Sovereignty
C. Constitution
D. Laws

4. What are the four elements of state?

A. people, territory, sovereignty, government
B. people, constitution, territory, government
C. government, law, peace, territory
D. constitution, people, land, independence

5. What theory asserts that the early states must have been formed by deliberate and voluntary compact
among the people to form a society and organize government for their common good.
A. Necessity Theory
B. Devine Right Theory
C. Social Contract Theory
D. Social Compact Theory

6. Government exists and should continue to exist for the benefit of the people.
A. The statement is a general truth.
B. The statement is just an assumption.
C. The statement is a fallacy.
D. There is no basis for judgment.

7. What are the forms of government in which the political power is exercised by a few privilege class.
A. Oligarchy and Aristocracy
B. Aristocracy and Monarchy
C. Theocracy and Fascism
D. Democracy and Tyranny

8. The pre-colonial Philippines has no established government. Its villages and settlements were called
barangays.
A. Only the first statement is true and correct.
B. Only the second statement is true and correct.
C. Both statements are true and correct.
D. Both statements are untrue and incorrect.

9. There were four social classes of people in the pre-colonial barangays. They were the nobles, freemen,
serfs, and the slaves.
A. Only the first statement is true and correct.
B. Only the second statement is true and correct.
C. Both statements are true and correct.
D. Both statements are untrue and incorrect.

10. What are the two known written codes during the pre-Spanish era in the Philippines?
A. Maragtas and Kalantiaw Codes
B. Sumakwil and Sulayman Codes
C. Panay and Subanon Codes
D. Hammurabi and Ur Nammu Codes

11. Under the Spanish colonial government, who directly governed the Philippines?
A. The Governor-General
B. The Viceroy of Mexico
C. The Royal Audiencia
D. The King of Spain
12. What is the first city to be established in 1565 in the Philippines?
A. Manila
B. Davao
C. Cebu
D. Iloilo

13.The government which Spain established in the Philippines was defective. It was a government for the
Spaniards and not for the Filipinos.
A. Only the first statement is true and correct.
B. Only the second statement is true and correct.
C. Both statements are true and correct.
D. Both statements are untrue and incorrect

14. What was the secret society founded in 1896 that precipitated the glorious revolution against the
Spaniards.
A. The Katipunan
B. The Kalahi
C. The Biak na Bato Republic
D. The Ilustrado

15. Arranged the sequence of governments during the revolutionary era:

1. The Dictatorial Government
2. The Revolutionary Government
3. The Biak-na-Bato Republic
4. The First Philippine Republic
A. 2 3 1 4
B. 3 1 2 4
C. 3 4 1 2
D. 1 2 3 4

16. Arranged according to its establishment during the American Regime:

1. The Commonwealth Government
2. The Military Government
3. The Civil Government
A. 1 2 3
B. 2 3 1
C. 3 2 1
D. 2 1 3

17. What was the civil government established during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines?
A. The Japanese Imperial Government
B. The Philippine Republic
C. The Puppet Government of Japan
D. The Philippine Executive Commission

18. The Constitution used by the Philippine government from the commonwealth period until 1973.
A. The Malolos Constitution
B. The Biak-na-Bato Constitution
C. The 1935 Constitution
D. The 1901 Constitution

19. What kind of government was installed under the 1973 Constitution under the Marcos regime?
A. Modified Presidential system
B. Modified Parliamentary system
C. Military system
D. Bicameral system
20. A de facto government acquires a de jure status when it gains wide acceptance from the people and
recognition from the community of nations.
A. The statement is true and valid.
B. The statement is an assumption.
C. The statement is a fallacy.
D. The statement is doubtful.

21. It is defined as written instrument by which the fundamental powers of the government are
established, limited and defined and by which these powers are distributed among the several
departments or branches for their and useful exercise for the benefit of the people.
A. Laws
B. Statutes
C. Constitution
D. Ordinances

22. There is no Constitution that is entirely written or unwritten.

A. The statement is true and correct.
B. The statement is incorrect.
C. The statement is partially correct.
D. There is no basis to conclude.

23. Requisites of a good written constitution.

A. Brief
B. Broad
C. Definite
D. All of the given options

24. Who has the authority to interpret the constitution?

A. Private individual
B. Courts
C. Legislative and Executive departments of the government
D. All of the given options

25. “We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God , in order to build a just and
humane society and establish a government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote our
common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the
blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and the regime of truth, justice, freedom,
equality and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.”
What part of Constitution is this?
A. General Provision
B. Amendments
C. Preamble
D. National Patrimony

SOCIAL STUDIES❕❕❕

EAST ASIA
1. China (Beijing)- World's biggest nation
2. Taiwan (Taipei) - Island Bastion of Nationalist China
3. Korea (North: Pyongyang; South: Seoul) - Land of the Morning Calm
4. Japan (Tokyo) - Industrial Giant of Asia
SOUTH, NORTH AND CENTRAL ASIA
1. India (New Delhi) - World's Largest Democracy
2. Pakistan (Islamabad) - Halfway to Middle East
3. Bangladesh - Bengali Nation
4. Sri Lanka - Isle of Sorrow
5. Afghanistan - Crossroads of Conquerors
6. Mongolia - Land of Genghis Khan
MIDDLE EAST OR WESTERN ASIA
1. Iraq - Where Civilization First Began
2. Iran - Land of Daniel and the Persians
3. Israel - Birthplace of Christ and Homeland of Jews
4. Saudi Arabia - Cradle of Islam
5. Syria - Land of Saladin
6. Turkey - Republic on Two Continents
7. Lebanon - Divided by a Civil War
8. Jordan - Desert Arab Kingdom
9. Kuwait - World's Richest People
10. Oman - Land of Frankincence and Myrrh
11. Qatar - World's Largest Gas Reserves
12. Bahrain - Gulf Archipelago
13. Yemen - Land of Sheba
SOUTHEAST ASIA
1. Indonesia - World's Largest Archipelago
2. Malaysia - a Malayan Federation
3. Singapore - An Island of City Republic
4. Thailand - Land of Free
5. Burma - Land of Golden Pagodas
6. Vietnam - Victor over the West
7. Cambodia - A New Dawn
8. Laos - Kingdom of Million Elephants
9. Brunei - the Youngest Nation
10. Philippines - A Unique Nation with Four Cultural Heritages