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What is Computing
Computing is any goal‐oriented activity which benefits from
computers
Computing is the study of how computers and computer
systems work and how they are constructed and programmed
INTRODUCTION TO
Computing includes
designing and building hardware and software systems
COMPUTING processing, structuring and managing various kinds of information
doing scientific research on and with computers
CHAPTER # 1 Introduction to Computing making computer systems behave intelligently
creating and using communications and entertainment media etc
What is Computing Subfields of Computing
Its primary aspects of theory, systems and applications are
drawn from the disciplines of
Technology
Design
Engineering
Mathematics
Physical Sciences and
Social Sciences Computer Software Computer Information Information
Science Engineering Engineering Systems Technology
Physical
Technology Design Engineering Mathematics Social Sciences
Sciences
Subfields of Computing History of Computing
Computer science (CS) or computing science
The history of computing is longer than the history of
It is the scientific and practical approach to computation and its applications
computing hardware and modern computing technology
Software engineering (SE)
It is the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the
It includes the history of methods intended for pen and paper
design, development, operation, and maintenance of software, and the study
of these approaches; that is, the application of engineering to software or for chalk and slate, with or without the aid of tables
Computer engineering (CE)
The earliest known tool for use in computation was the
It is a discipline that integrates several fields of electrical engineering and
It is a discipline that integrates several fields of electrical engineering and abacus (invented in Babylon circa 2400 BC)
b ( d b l )
computer science required to develop computer systems
Information technology (IT)
Calculators were also a popular computation tool used in
It is the application of computers and telecommunications equipment to store, recent centuries
retrieve, transmit and manipulate data, often in the context of a business or
other enterprise
Information systems (IS)
It is the study of complementary networks of hardware and software that
people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create, and distribute
data
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Modern Day Computing What is a Computer
Modern day computing is usually performed with the help of
Computer is a Latin word which means to compute
computers
It is a calculation machine to perform computations and
A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a to make logical decisions millions / billions times faster
than human beings
set of instructions called a computer program
Computer is an electronic device used for information
A computer program provides instructions to the computer processing
h d
hardware
A computer is, at its most basic, a machine which can
take instructions, and perform computations based on
those instructions and give results
Computer is an electronic machine made with many
subunits that enables the user to access data easily
A computation on a computer is performed on the basis
of two main entities
i.e. hardware and software
Computer Software Computer Hardware
Software is a collection of computer programs and
Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements
related data that provides the instructions for telling that comprise a computer system
a computer what to do and how to do it
It encompasses the physical interconnections and devices
required to store and execute (or run) the software
e.g. Microsoft Word, Internet Explorer, Windows
It refers to the physical parts or components of a computer
Software is a set of programs procedures
Software is a set of programs, procedures, such as
h
algorithms and its documentation concerned with monitor, keyboard, storage, hard drive disk, mouse, printers, CPU,
the operation of a data processing system memory, motherboard, graphic card, sound card, and other chips
Software cannot be touched It contains physical objects that can be actually touched