Unit 2, Chapter 2: Our Diverse Regions (Canada’s Landforms)

Name: ___________________

Landform Appearance and Predominant Rock Types Changes in the Landscape Predominant Economic
Region Landscape Characteristics and Formation Processes Since the Formation Activities Present Today

- covers almost half of - oldest rock on Earth - glaciers scraped away - rich in minerals (eg.
Canada - formed of igneous rock the soil nickel, gold, aluminum)
- relatively flat, rounded from volcanic activity - high mountains eroded - hydroelectric power,
hills of rock - many mineral deposits - glaciers marked land forestry, and mining
n Shield
Canadia

- many small lakes and with hollows and industries

disorganized rivers, depressions. Filled with - boaters, cottagers,
swamps melt water forming lakes campers, fishing and
- saucer-shaped hunting

- large wide open area - 200 million year old - differential erosion - wheat (Man. & Sask.)
without mountains or sedimentary rock carved area into 3 levels - cattle ranching (Alberta)
trees (naturally) - covered by an inland sea - ice age left deep soil - oil and gas (Alberta)
that filled with sediment - Lake Agassiz left in - potash (Sask.)
Interior
Plains

from Shield southern Manitoba and

- coral reefs formed at Saskatchewan
the edges of the sea
 - we live here - sedimentary rock eroded - Great Lakes part formed - stone and cement from

Lakes-
LowlandLawrencSt. Great - most Canadians live here
- flat plains with glacial
hills and deep valleys
e
from the Canadian Shield from erosion and glacial Niagara Escarpment
deposition. Glaciers - recreation on
carved out basins which escarpment: skiing, hiking
filled with melt water - manufacturing industry
forming Great Lakes. - prosperous farms
Lakes were larger than - pressure from growing

now population
- St. Lawrence part
formed from Rift Valley
s

which flooded depositing

sediment
Rugged, old mountains - folded sedimentary rock - erosion forces have - fishing
with jagged coastline formed in Paleozoic era ground down mountains - some mining
from fjords (250 million years). - rising oceans have - tourism
Appalac
hians

- subsequent folding and flooded low lying areas - potatoes, apples

faulting cause some along coastline causing
igneous and metamorphic fjords
rock

- mountainous 3 Levels: - alpine glaciers have - forestry industry

- B.C. and Yukon a) Rocky Mountains from sharpened mountains into - some coal and metallic
CordillerWestern

folding jagged peaks and river minerals

b) Coast Mountains from valleys - fruit orchards
volcanic activity - prone to earthquakes - tourism and recreation
c) Interior Plateau from
lava that hardened
a

between Coast and

Rockies ranges
 - barren, no trees - folded sedimentary - mountains not as eroded - oil and gas present, but
rocks pushed up by as Appalachians largely not exploited
converging tectonic plates - surface looks like - similar minerals as
Innuitia

crumpled up rock Appalachians, but not

ns

- mountains covered by mined due to severe

glaciers conditions

- islands of exposed rock Sedimentary rock Land scraped bare by - oil and gas
- little vegetation glaciers - lignite
- permafrost - fishing and hunting
(permanently frozen - houses built above
ground) ground due to permafrost
Arctic

- tundra vegetation (small

bushes, flowers, moss)